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80 results for “humpback whale”
Network analysis reveals underlying syntactic features in a vocally learnt mammalian display, humpback whale song
<p>Vocal communication systems have a set of rules that govern the arrangement of acoustic signals, broadly defined as 'syntax'. However, there is a limited understanding of potentially shared or analogous rules across vocal displays in different taxa. Recent work on songbirds has investigated syntax using network-based modelling. This technique quantifies features such as connectivity (adjacent signals in a sequence) and recurring patterns. Here, we apply network-based modelling to the complex, hierarchically structured songs of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) from east Australia. Given the song's annual evolving pattern and the cultural conformity of males within a population, network modelling captured the patterns of multiple song types over 13 consecutive years. Song arrangements in each year displayed clear "small-world" network structure, characterised by clusters of highly connected sounds. Transitions between these connected sounds further suggested a combination of both structural stability and variability. Small-world network structure within humpback songs may facilitate the characteristic and persistent vocal learning observed. Similar small-world structures and transition patterns are found in several birdsong displays, indicating common syntactic patterns among vocal learning in multiple taxa. Understanding the syntactic rules governing vocal displays in multiple, independently evolving lineages may indicate what rules or structural features are important to the evolution of complex communication, including human language. </p>
On following pages: 6. Omura's Whale (Balaenoptera omurai); 7. Fin Whale (Balaenoptera physalus); 8. Humpback Whale (Megaptera novaeangliae). in Balaenopteridae
On following pages: 6. Omura's Whale (Balaenoptera omurai); 7. Fin Whale (Balaenoptera physalus); 8. Humpback Whale (Megaptera novaeangliae).
Data from: Satellite tracking reveals novel migratory patterns and the importance of seamounts for endangered South Pacific humpback whales
The humpback whale population of New Caledonia appears to display a novel migratory pattern characterized by multiple directions, long migratory paths and frequent pauses over seamounts and other shallow geographical features. Using satellite-monitored radio tags, we tracked 34 whales for between 5 and 110 days, travelling between 270 and 8540 km on their southward migration from a breeding ground in southern New Caledonia. Mean migration speed was 3.53±2.22 km h−1, while movements within the breeding ground averaged 2.01±1.63 km h−1. The tag data demonstrate that seamounts play an important role as offshore habitats for this species. Whales displayed an intensive use of oceanic seamounts both in the breeding season and on migration. Seamounts probably serve multiple and important roles as breeding locations, resting areas, navigational landmarks or even supplemental feeding grounds for this species, which can be viewed as a transient component of the seamount communities. Satellite telemetry suggests that seamounts represent an overlooked cryptic habitat for the species. The frequent use by humpback whales of such remote locations has important implications for conservation and management.
Figure 2 in Stranded humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) (Cetacea: Balaenopteridae) in Paraná River Delta, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. Comments on the occurrence of marine
Figure 2. (A) CFA-MA-13084 specimen before start preparation. (B) Sampling extraction work.
Figure 3 in Stranded humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) (Cetacea: Balaenopteridae) in Paraná River Delta, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. Comments on the occurrence of marine
Figure 3. Megaptera novaeangliae (CFA-MA-13084) mounted skeleton.
Humpback whale song presence in the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean
<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Humpback whale song most likely fulfills a multi-purpose role in the humpback whale mating system including both inter- and intrasexual interactions. Humpback whale males produce most of their songs on the low-latitude breeding grounds, but evidences increase, showing that songs are also produced 'off-season' on the feeding grounds or during migration. This opens exciting opportunities to investigate migratory aggregations, study humpback whale behavioral plasticity and potentially even assign individual singers to specific breeding grounds. In this study, we analyzed passive acoustic data from 13 recording positions and multiple years (2011-2018) to investigate humpback whale song in a Southern Ocean feeding area comparing song presence, structure and complexity over spatial and temporal scales. Humpback whale song was detected at nine recording positions within the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean (ASSO) in five years. Most songs were recorded in May coinciding with the rapid increase in sea ice concentration at most recording positions. The spatio-temporal pattern in humpback whale singing activity on a Southern Ocean feeding ground is most likely shaped by the local prey availability and humpback whale migratory strategies. Furthermore, the comparative analyses of song structures clearly show a differentiation of two song groups, of which one was solely recorded at the western edge of the ASSO and the other song group was recorded throughout the spatial extent of the ASSO. This new finding suggests a common feeding ground occupation in the ASSO by multiple humpback whale populations, providing important baseline information for ecosystem and stock management.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
Humpback whale adult females and calves balance acoustic contact with vocal crypsis during periods of increased separation
<ol> <li>Acoustic communication is important for animals with dependent young, particularly when they are spatially separated. Maternal humpback whales (<i>Megaptera novaeangliae</i>) use acoustic calling to help minimise the risk of separation from their young calves during migration.</li> <li>These pairs also use acoustic crypsis to minimise detection by males. How they balance a restricted active space with the need to maintain acoustic contact during periods of separation is not yet understood.</li> <li>Here, we analysed movement metrics of tagged adult female-calf pairs during migration to identify two behavioural states, 'resting/milling' and 'travelling'. When travelling, these pairs dived synchronously and exhibited little to no spatial separation. Alternatively, adult females had significantly longer dive durations (p < 0.01) when resting, and while they spent prolonged times at depth, calves would surface several times independently. This demonstrated that these pairs are frequently separated during periods of rest.</li> <li>We then determined if the call rates and acoustic levels of these pairs increased with more frequent separation, finding that both adult females and calves significantly increased their call rates, but not levels, when resting.</li> <li>We also found that adult female-calf pairs have a restricted active space, with less than 15% of calls estimated to be detectable beyond 2 km. However, as with call level, detection distance did not differ significantly between the two behavioural states.</li> <li>In summary, adult female-calf pairs maintain successful communication during periods of separation by calling more frequently rather than by producing louder calls. This strategy aids in maintaining acoustic contact while simultaneously limiting detectability by conspecifics.</li> </ol>
Data from: Evidence for ship noise impacts on humpback whale foraging behaviour
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Network analysis reveals underlying syntactic features in a vocally learnt mammalian display, humpback whale song
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Data from: The effects of vessel noise on the communication network of humpback whales
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Data from: Strong maternal fidelity and natal philopatry shape genetic structure in North Pacfic humpback whales
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Data from: Influence of environmental parameters on movements and habitat utilization of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) in the Madagascar breeding ground
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Data from: First circumglobal assessment of Southern Hemisphere humpback whale mitochondrial genetic variation and implications for management
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Humpback whale adult females and calves balance acoustic contact with vocal crypsis during periods of increased separation
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Data from: Vessel noise levels drive behavioural responses of humpback whales with implications for whale-watching
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Data from: Subarctic singers: Humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) song structure and progression from an Icelandic feeding ground during winter
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Data from: Long-term population size of the North Atlantic humpback whale within the context of worldwide population structure
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Data from: Epigenetic estimation of age in humpback whales
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Data from: Satellite tracking reveals novel migratory patterns and the importance of seamounts for endangered South Pacific humpback whales
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Data from: Humpback whales feed on hatchery-released juvenile salmon
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