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542 results for “leaf litter”
Figs 101–105 in New leaf- and litter-dwelling species of the genus Pholcus from Southeast Asia (Araneae, Pholcidae)
Figs 101–105. Pholcus tambunan Huber sp. nov. (ZFMK, Ar 15711–12). 101–102. Left male palp, prolateral and retrolateral views. 103. Male chelicerae, frontal view. 104–105. Cleared female genitalia, ventral and dorsal views. Scale bars: 101–102, 104–105 = 0.5 mm; 103 = 0.3 mm.
Figs 131–139 in New leaf- and litter-dwelling species of the genus Pholcus from Southeast Asia (Araneae, Pholcidae)
Figs 131–139. Live specimens and dorsal color patterns, Pholcus domingo group. 131–137. Pholcus domingo Huber sp. nov., ♂ and ♀ with parasitized egg-sac from Santo Domingo (131–132), habitus of ♂♂ from Santo Domingo (133) and Mt. Mupo (134), and carapace dorsal views, ♂ and ♀ from Santo Domingo (135–136) and ♂ from Mt. Mupo (137). 138–139. P. matutum Huber sp. nov., Mt. Matutum, ♂ and ♀ with egg-sac.
Figs 48–53. Pholcus ledang Huber, 2011 in New leaf- and litter-dwelling species of the genus Pholcus from Southeast Asia (Araneae, Pholcidae)
Figs 48–53. Pholcus ledang Huber, 2011, SEM micrographs (ZFMK, Ar 15704–05). 48–49. Male and female prosomata, frontal views. 50. Comb hairs on male tarsus 4. 51–52. Right appendix and embolus, prolateral and distal views. 53. Female ALS. Scale bars: 48 = 300 µm; 49 = 200 µm; 50 = 10 µm; 51–52 = 100 µm; 53 = 20 µm.
Figs 39–47. Pholcus gombak Huber, 2011 in New leaf- and litter-dwelling species of the genus Pholcus from Southeast Asia (Araneae, Pholcidae)
Figs 39–47. Pholcus gombak Huber, 2011, SEM micrographs (ZFMK, Ar 15701–02). 39–40. Male and female prosomata, frontal views. 41. Left procursus; asterisk marks large prolatero-dorsal process. 42– 43. Right appendix and embolus, prolateral and prolatero-distal views. 44. Female ALS. 45. Cuticular processes on whitish retrolateral area of left procursus. 46. Male gonopore. 47. Epigynum, ventral view. Scale bars: 39–40 = 300 µm; 41, 47 = 200 µm; 42, 43 = 100 µm; 44 = 20 µm; 45 = 10 µm; 46 = 30 µm.
Figs 81–86 in New leaf- and litter-dwelling species of the genus Pholcus from Southeast Asia (Araneae, Pholcidae)
Figs 81–86. Epigyna, ventral views, and cleared female genitalia, ventral and dorsal views. 81– 83. Pholcus tanahrata Huber sp. nov. (ZFMK, Ar 15692). 84–86. P. uludong Huber sp. nov. (ZFMK, Ar 15696).
Figs 125–130 in New leaf- and litter-dwelling species of the genus Pholcus from Southeast Asia (Araneae, Pholcidae)
Figs 125–130. Epigyna, ventral views, and cleared female genitalia, ventral and dorsal views. 125– 127. Pholcus tambunan Huber sp. nov. (ZFMK, Ar 15712). 128–130. P. bario Huber sp. nov. (ZFMK, Ar 15718).
Figs 157–160 in New leaf- and litter-dwelling species of the genus Pholcus from Southeast Asia (Araneae, Pholcidae)
Figs 157–160. Pholcus matutum Huber sp. nov. (ZFMK, Ar 15730–31). 157–158. Left male palp, prolateral and retrolateral views. 159–160. Cleared female genitalia, ventral and dorsal views. Scale bars: 157–158 = 0.5 mm; 159–160 = 0.3 mm.
Figs 120–124 in New leaf- and litter-dwelling species of the genus Pholcus from Southeast Asia (Araneae, Pholcidae)
Figs 120–124. Pholcus bario Huber sp. nov. (ZFMK, Ar 15717–18). 120. Male prosoma, frontal view. 121–122. Left male palp, prolateral and retrolateral views; arrow points at prolateral finger-shaped process of procursus. 123–124. Cleared female genitalia, ventral and dorsal views. Scale bars: 120, 123–124 = 0.3 mm; 121–122 = 0.5 mm.
Figs 77–80. Male prosomata, frontal views. 77 in New leaf- and litter-dwelling species of the genus Pholcus from Southeast Asia (Araneae, Pholcidae)
Figs 77–80. Male prosomata, frontal views. 77. Pholcus tanahrata Huber sp. nov. 78. P. uludong Huber sp. nov. 79. P. bukittimah Huber sp. nov. 80. P. barisan Huber sp. nov.
Figs 148–156 in New leaf- and litter-dwelling species of the genus Pholcus from Southeast Asia (Araneae, Pholcidae)
Figs 148–156. Pholcus domingo Huber sp. nov., SEM micrographs (ZFMK, Ar 15720–21). 148. Male prosoma, frontal view. 149. Tip of left procursus, prolateral view. 150. Left bulb and appendix, prolaterodistal view. 151. Right male palp, retrolatero-distal view. 152. Male gonopore. 153. Comb-hairs on male tarsus 4. 154. Right appendix, retrolateral view. 155. Female ALS. 156. Epigynum, ventral view. Scale bars: 148, 151 = 200 µm; 149–150, 156 = 100 µm; 152 = 30 µm; 153, 155 = 10 µm; 154 = 60 µm.
Figs 67–71 in New leaf- and litter-dwelling species of the genus Pholcus from Southeast Asia (Araneae, Pholcidae)
Figs 67–71. Pholcus bukittimah Huber sp. nov. (ZFMK, Ar 15706–07). 67–68. Left male palp, prolateral and retrolateral views; arrow points at uncus-like process of proximal bulbal sclerite. 69. Male chelicerae, frontal view. 70–71. Cleared female genitalia, ventral and dorsal views. Scale bars: 67–68, 70–71 = 0.5 mm; 69 = 0.3 mm.
Spectral and trait data for Rapid estimates of leaf litter chemistry using reflectance spectroscopy
<p>Measuring the chemical traits of leaf litter is important for understanding plants' roles in nutrient cycles, including through nutrient resorption and litter decomposition, but conventional leaf trait measurements are often destructive and labor-intensive. Here, we develop and evaluate the performance of partial least-squares regression (PLSR) models that use reflectance spectra of intact or ground leaves to estimate leaf litter traits, including carbon and nitrogen concentration, carbon fractions, and leaf mass per area (LMA). Our analyses included more than 300 samples of senesced foliage from 11 species of temperate trees, including needleleaf and broadleaf species. Across all samples, we could predict each trait with moderate-to-high accuracy from both intact-leaf litter spectra (validation <em>R<sup>2</sup></em> = 0.543-0.941; %RMSE = 7.49-18.5) and ground-leaf litter spectra (validation <em>R<sup>2</sup></em> = 0.491-0.946; %RMSE = 7.00-19.5). Notably, intact-leaf spectra yielded better predictions of LMA. Our results support the feasibility of building models to estimate multiple chemical traits from leaf litter of a range of species. In particular, the success of intact-leaf spectral models allows non-destructive trait estimation in a matter of seconds, which could enable researchers to measure the same leaves over time in studies of nutrient resorption.</p>
Data for the analysis from "Evidence for positive priming of leaf litter decomposition by contact with eutrophic pond sediments"
<p>These are the data files used in the analysis of the results of the experiments that are reported in the manuscript "Evidence for positive priming of leaf litter decomposition by contact with eutrophic pond sediments". More details on the analysis can be found in at: https://github.com/KennyPeanuts/sediment_priming</p>
Figure 1 in Soil quality, leaf litter quality, and microbial biomass interactively drive soil respiration in a microcosm experiment
Figure 1. Principal components analysis of (A) soil quality and (B) leaf litter quality across the experimental treatments (Table S1-2). Soil quality was quantified as a combination of soil pH, C, N, and C:N; leaf litter quality was quantified as a combination of leaf Ca, C, lignin, Mg, N, P, C:N, C:P, and N:P. Soil and leaf litter were collected from Hainich National Park, Germany.
Figure 6 in Monthly variation of leaf litter Collembola in the tropical rainforest of Los Tuxtlas, Veracruz, Mexico
Figure 6. Relationship between precipitation, mean monthly temperature and abudance of collembola in pitfull traps for 2015.
Figure 2 in Monthly variation of leaf litter Collembola in the tropical rainforest of Los Tuxtlas, Veracruz, Mexico
Figure 2. Abudances and percentages of Collembola families collected in pitfall traps at Los Tuxtlas Tropical Biology Station, Veracruz, Mexico.
Figure 1 in Comparative evaluation of taxonomic and functional diversities of leaf-litter ants of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest
Figure 1. Map of the study area in the state of Bahia (A), Brazil (B), showing the locations of the 65 Atlantic Forest sites (C).
Figure 3 in Comparative evaluation of taxonomic and functional diversities of leaf-litter ants of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest
Figure 3. Relationship between number of functional groups (classifications A: FC-A and B: FC-B) with ant richness in 65 localities of the Atlantic Forest biome in Bahia state, Brazil. Appendix 1. List of ant species registered in 26 municipalities and 65 localities of Atlantic Forest in Bahia state, Brazil. Municipalities: A–Z; number in parentheses represents the number of locations sampled by municipality.
Figure 2 in Comparative evaluation of taxonomic and functional diversities of leaf-litter ants of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest
Figure 2. Species accumulation curves based on the number of ant species (observed richness) sampled in different localities of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Filled circle = all data; filled diamond = all data except singletons and doubletons; unfilled circle = singletons and doubletons only.
Figure 1. Air temperature and rainfall during the study between February 2015 and January 2016 in Intra-annual colonization of Chironomidae on leaf litter in a Brazilian Cerrado stream
Figure 1. Air temperature and rainfall during the study between February 2015 and January 2016 in the Boiadeiro stream, Mucugê, BA, Brazilian Cerrado. Data: http://www.snirh.gov.br/hidroweb/ serieshistoricas (Hidroweb 2020).
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