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63 results for “lek”
Congruence of local ecological knowledge (LEK)-based methods and line-transect surveys in estimating wildlife abundance in Amazonian forests
<p>1) Effective estimation of wildlife population abundance is an important component of population monitoring, and ultimately essential for the development of conservation actions. Diurnal line transect surveys are one of the most applied methods for abundance estimations. Local ecological knowledge (LEK) is empirically acquired through the observation of ecological processes by local people. LEK-based methods have only been recognized as valid scientific methods for surveying fauna abundance in the last three decades. However, the agreement between both methods has not been extensively analysed.</p> <p>2) We compared concomitant abundance data for 91 wild species (mammals, birds and tortoises) from diurnal line transects (9,221 km of trails) and a LEK-based method (291 structured interviews) at 18 sites in Central and Western Amazonia. We used biological and socioecological factors to assess the agreements and divergences between abundance indices obtained from both methods.</p> <p>3) We found a significant agreement of population abundance indices for diurnal and game species. This relationship was also positive regardless of species sociality (solitary or social), body size and locomotion mode (terrestrial and arboreal); and of sampled forest type (upland and flooded forests). Conversely, we did not find significant abundance covariances for nocturnal and non-game species. Despite the general agreement between methods, line transects were not effective at surveying many species occurring in the area, with 40.2% and 39.8% of all species being rarely and never detected in at least one of the survey sites. On the other hand, these species were widely reported by local informants to occur at intermediate to high abundances.</p> <p>4) Although LEK-based methods have been long neglected by ecologists, our comparative study demonstrated their effectiveness for estimating vertebrate abundance of a wide diversity of taxa and forest environments. This can be used simultaneously with line transects surveys to calibrate abundance estimates and record species that are rarely sighted during surveys on foot, but that are often observed by local people during their daily extractive activities. Thus, the combination of local and scientific knowledge is a potential tool to improve our knowledge of tropical forest species and foster the development of effective strategies to meet biodiversity conservation goals. --</p>
Figure 4 from: Volcan MV, Severo-Neto F, Lanés LEK (2018) Unrecognized biodiversity in a world's hotspot: three new species of Melanorivulus (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae) from tributaries of the right bank of the Rio Paraná basin, Brazilian Cerrado. Zoosystematics and Evolution 94(2): 263-280. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.94.24406
Figure 4 First order stream (typical "veredas" habitat), tributary of headwaters of Rio Pardo, M. interruptus type locality.
Figure 13 from: Volcan MV, Severo-Neto F, Lanés LEK (2018) Unrecognized biodiversity in a world's hotspot: three new species of Melanorivulus (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae) from tributaries of the right bank of the Rio Paraná basin, Brazilian Cerrado. Zoosystematics and Evolution 94(2): 263-280. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.94.24406
Figure 13 Variation of colour pattern of the caudal fin of females of different species of the Melanorivulus pictus specis group from Rio Paraná, Brazil. A) M. amambaiensis; B) M. apiamici; C) M. egens; D) M. interruptus; E) M. ivinhemensis; F) M. nigropunctatus; G) M. ofaie; H) M. scalaris.
Figure 12 from: Volcan MV, Severo-Neto F, Lanés LEK (2018) Unrecognized biodiversity in a world's hotspot: three new species of Melanorivulus (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae) from tributaries of the right bank of the Rio Paraná basin, Brazilian Cerrado. Zoosystematics and Evolution 94(2): 263-280. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.94.24406
Figure 12 Variation of colour pattern of the caudal fin of males of different species of the Melanorivulus pictus group from Rio Paraná, Brazil. A) M. amambaiensis; B) M. apiamici; C) M. egens; D) M. interruptus; E) M. ivinhemensis; F) M. nigropunctatus; G) M. ofaie; H) M. scalaris.
Figure 10 from: Volcan MV, Severo-Neto F, Lanés LEK (2018) Unrecognized biodiversity in a world's hotspot: three new species of Melanorivulus (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae) from tributaries of the right bank of the Rio Paraná basin, Brazilian Cerrado. Zoosystematics and Evolution 94(2): 263-280. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.94.24406
Figure 10 Water source of a first-order stream on the left bank of the Rio Amambaí, marginally situated along the BR 487 highway, type locality of M. amambaiensis.
Figure 7 from: Volcan MV, Severo-Neto F, Lanés LEK (2018) Unrecognized biodiversity in a world's hotspot: three new species of Melanorivulus (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae) from tributaries of the right bank of the Rio Paraná basin, Brazilian Cerrado. Zoosystematics and Evolution 94(2): 263-280. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.94.24406
Figure 7 Sampling sites of Melanorivulus ivinhemensis sp. n. (a) Wetland associated with a small drainage, direct tributary of Rio Ivinhema, type locality, (b) wetland along BR 376 highway, (c) small drainage, direct tributary of Rio Ivinhema.
Figure 1 from: Volcan MV, Severo-Neto F, Lanés LEK (2018) Unrecognized biodiversity in a world's hotspot: three new species of Melanorivulus (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae) from tributaries of the right bank of the Rio Paraná basin, Brazilian Cerrado. Zoosystematics and Evolution 94(2): 263-280. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.94.24406
Figure 1 Melanorivulus interruptus sp. n., MCP 53145, holotype, male, 32.3 mm SL, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
Figure 3 from: Volcan MV, Severo-Neto F, Lanés LEK (2018) Unrecognized biodiversity in a world's hotspot: three new species of Melanorivulus (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae) from tributaries of the right bank of the Rio Paraná basin, Brazilian Cerrado. Zoosystematics and Evolution 94(2): 263-280. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.94.24406
Figure 3 Distribution of species of the Melanorivulus pictus group in the Rio Paraná (grey) and Rio Araguaia and Tocantins (light grey) basins. Stars indicate the type localities of the new species.
Figure 9 from: Volcan MV, Severo-Neto F, Lanés LEK (2018) Unrecognized biodiversity in a world's hotspot: three new species of Melanorivulus (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae) from tributaries of the right bank of the Rio Paraná basin, Brazilian Cerrado. Zoosystematics and Evolution 94(2): 263-280. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.94.24406
Figure 9 Colour pattern variation of females of M. amambaiensis (not preserved), sp. n., small stream tributary of Rio Amambaí, Mato Grosso do Sul state.
Figure 8 from: Volcan MV, Severo-Neto F, Lanés LEK (2018) Unrecognized biodiversity in a world's hotspot: three new species of Melanorivulus (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae) from tributaries of the right bank of the Rio Paraná basin, Brazilian Cerrado. Zoosystematics and Evolution 94(2): 263-280. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.94.24406
Figure 8 Colour pattern variation of male paratypes of M. amambaiensis sp. n., MCP 53151, small stream tributary of Rio Amambaí, Mato Grosso do Sul state.
Figure 5 from: Volcan MV, Severo-Neto F, Lanés LEK (2018) Unrecognized biodiversity in a world's hotspot: three new species of Melanorivulus (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae) from tributaries of the right bank of the Rio Paraná basin, Brazilian Cerrado. Zoosystematics and Evolution 94(2): 263-280. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.94.24406
Figure 5 Colour pattern variation of male paratypes of M. ivinhemensis sp. n., MCP 53153, Nova Andradina municipality, Rio Ivinhema, Mato Grosso do Sul state.
Figure 2 from: Volcan MV, Severo-Neto F, Lanés LEK (2018) Unrecognized biodiversity in a world's hotspot: three new species of Melanorivulus (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae) from tributaries of the right bank of the Rio Paraná basin, Brazilian Cerrado. Zoosystematics and Evolution 94(2): 263-280. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.94.24406
Figure 2 Melanorivulus interruptus sp. n., MCP 53146, paratypes, living male (above) and female (below), Campo Grande city, Mato Grosso do Sul state, Brazil.
Figure 6 from: Volcan MV, Severo-Neto F, Lanés LEK (2018) Unrecognized biodiversity in a world's hotspot: three new species of Melanorivulus (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae) from tributaries of the right bank of the Rio Paraná basin, Brazilian Cerrado. Zoosystematics and Evolution 94(2): 263-280. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.94.24406
Figure 6 Female paratypes of M. ivinhemensis sp. n., MCP 53153, Nova Andradina municipality, Rio Ivinhema, Mato Grosso do Sul state.
Figure 11 from: Volcan MV, Severo-Neto F, Lanés LEK (2018) Unrecognized biodiversity in a world's hotspot: three new species of Melanorivulus (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae) from tributaries of the right bank of the Rio Paraná basin, Brazilian Cerrado. Zoosystematics and Evolution 94(2): 263-280. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.94.24406
Figure 11 Males of different species of the M. pictus group recorded in the region of the right bank of Rio Paraná. A) M. apiamici; B) M. egens; C) M. nigropunctatus; D) M. ofaie; E) M. scalaris. Photos by Matheus Volcan.
Genotype-by-environment interactions for precopulatory mate guarding in a lek-mating insect
In sexually reproducing species males often experience strong pre- and postcopulatory sexual selection leading to a wide variety of male adaptations. One example is mate guarding, where males prevent females from mating with other males either before or after they (will) have mated themselves. In case social conditions vary short-term and in an unpredictable manner and if there is genetic variation in plasticity of mate guarding (i.e. genotype-by-environment interaction, G x E), adaptive behavioral plasticity in mate guarding may evolve. Here, we test for genetic variation in the plasticity of precopulatory mate guarding behavior in the lek-mating lesser wax moth Achroia grisella. When offered two females in rapid succession, virgin males of this species usually copulate around 10-20 min with the first female. With the second female, however, they engage in copulation posture for many hours until they have produced another spermatophore, an unusual behavior among insects possibly functioning as precopulatory mate guarding. Previous studies showed the mating latency with the second female to be shorter under higher perceived sperm competition risk. We accordingly measured the mate guarding behavior of males from six inbred lines under either elevated perceived male-male competition risk or under control conditions allowing us to test for G x E interactions. We found significant inbred line-by-competitor treatment interactions on mating latency and copulation duration with the second female suggesting genetic variation in the degree of behavioral plasticity. However, we found no significant G x E interaction on the sum of mating latency and copulation duration. Our results suggest a potential for adaptive evolution of mate guarding plasticity in natural populations of lek-mating species. Future studies using selection experiments and experimental evolution approaches in laboratory populations, or comparisons of multiple natural populations will be helpful to study under which conditions plasticity in male mate guarding behavior evolves.
A Crossover Bioequivalence Study of Olaparib Tablets, 150 mg (Lek Pharmaceuticals d.d.) and Lynparza® (Olaparib) Tablets 150 mg (AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP), in Patients With Breast Cancer Gene (B
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05258747. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Data from: Climate, demography, and lek stability in an Amazonian bird
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Congruence of local ecological knowledge (LEK)-based methods and line-transect surveys in estimating wildlife abundance in Amazonian forests
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Data from: Variation in adult sex ratio alters the association between courtship, mating frequency and paternity in the lek-forming fruitfly Ceratitis capitata.
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Genotype-by-environment interactions for precopulatory mate guarding in a lek-mating insect
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