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65 results for “local knowledge”
Protein Subcellular localization prediction data used in the article entitled "MSclassifier: Median-Supplement model-based Classification tool for automated knowledge discovery"
<p>This repository contains data used to obtain results from a 5-fold cross-validation testing of how MSclassifier and other packages accurately predict protein subcellular localization in the software article entitled "MSclassifier: median-supplement model-based classification tool for automated knowledge discovery." The data used in the software article is derived from data generated in "G. K. Acquaah-Mensah, S. M. Leach, and C. Guda, Predicting the subcellular localization of human proteins using machine learning and exploratory data analysis, Genomics Proteomics Bioinformatics, 4(2):120-133, 2006, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/S1672-0229(06)60023-5">https://doi.org/10.1016/S1672-0229(06)60023-5</a>"</p>
Data from: Using local ecological knowledge to monitor threatened Mekong megafauna in Lao PDR
Pressures on freshwater biodiversity in Southeast Asia are accelerating yet the status and conservation needs of many of the region's threatened fish species are unclear. This impacts the ability to implement conservation activities and to understand the effects of infrastructure developments and other hydrological changes. We used Local Ecological Knowledge from fishing communities on the Mekong River in the Siphandone waterscape, Lao PDR to estimate mean and mode last capture dates of eight rare or culturally significant fish species in order to provide conservation monitoring baselines. One hundred and twenty fishermen, from six villages, were interviewed. All eight species had been captured, by at least one of the interviewees, within the waterscape within the past year. However the mean and mode last capture dates varied between the species. Larger species, and those with higher Red List threat status, were caught less recently than smaller species of less conservation concern. The status of the Critically Endangered Pangasius sanitwongsei (mean last capture date 116.4 months) is particularly worrying suggesting severe population decline although cultural issues may have caused this species to have been under-reported. This highlights that studies making use of Local Ecological Knowledge need to understand the cultural background and context from which data is collected. Nevertheless we recommend our approach, of stratified random interviews to establish mean last capture dates, may be an effective methodology for monitoring freshwater fish species of conservation concern within artisanal fisheries. If fishing effort remains relatively constant, or if changes in fishing effort are accounted for, differences over time in mean last capture dates are likely to represent changes in the status of species. We plan to repeat our interview surveys within the waterscape as part of a long-term fish-monitoring program.
Data for Using Contextual Knowledge in Interactive Fault Localization
<p>Data used for the experiments in the paper.</p>
Local ecological knowledge provides novel evidence on threats and declines for the Caucasian grouse (Lyrurus mlokosiewiczi) in Arasbaran Biosphere Reserve, Iran
<ol> <li>The Caucasian grouse (<em>Lyrurus</em> <em>mlokosiewiczi</em>), one of the most poorly known species of grouse, is experiencing population declines associated with multiple threats. Evaluating species’ population status in relation to different local human activities is important to inform conservation and identify suitable management methods, but determining status and threats for poorly-known taxa may require assessment of non-standard sources of ecological information.</li> </ol>
Data from: Oceanographic currents and local ecological knowledge indicate, and genetics does not refute, a contemporary pattern of larval dispersal for the ornate spiny lobster, Panulirus ornatus in the South-East Asian archipelago
Here we utilize a combination of genetic data, oceanographic data, and local ecological knowledge to assess connectivity patterns of the ornate spiny lobster Panulirus ornatus (Fabricius, 1798) in the South-East Asian archipelago from Vietnam to Australia. Partial mitochondrial DNA control region and 10 polymorphic microsatellites did not detect genetic structure of 216 wild P. ornatus samples from Australia, Indonesia and Vietnam. Analyses show no evidence for genetic differentiation among populations (mtDNA control region sequences ΦST = -0.008; microsatellite loci FST = 0.003). A lack of evidence for regional or localized mtDNA haplotype clusters, or geographic clusters of microsatellite genotypes, reveals a pattern of high gene flow in P. ornatus throughout the South-East Asian Archipelago. This lack of genetic structure may be due to the oceanography-driven connectivity of the pelagic lobster larvae between spawning grounds in Papua New Guinea, the Philippines and, possibly, Indonesia. The connectivity cycle necessitates three generations. The lack of genetic structure of P. ornatus population in the South-East Asian archipelago has important implications for the sustainable management of this lobster in that the species within the region needs to be managed as one genetic stock.
Local ecological knowledge of fisheries charts decline of sharks in data-poor regions
<p>Scientific knowledge is lacking on marine species of economic and conservation importance, hindering their sustainable management. Local Ecological Knowledge (LEK) has the potential to provide valuable insights on large (spatial and temporal) scales, by drawing on the collective experiences of those who work closely with the taxa of interest. This study explored the status of shark population over time in four countries across eastern and southern Arabia (i.e. Kuwait, Bahrain, Oman and Yemen). Results indicate strong declines, with highly experienced fishermen reporting greater perceived declines (80%) in the abundance of sharks (in general), with mean year of perceived decline starting in the late 1990s to early 2000s. For three specific taxa investigated, hammerhead sharks (e.g. Sphyrna mokarran) had the greatest mean perceived decline (80%), while even the group with the least decline (small carcharhinids) had mean perceived declines of 50%. Management measures are urgently required in the region to ensure sustainability of historic shark fisheries that provide food security and coastal livelihoods (e.g. Yemen and Oman), and to prevent regional extinctions (e.g. hammerhead sharks). Older and more experienced fishermen who are both; witness to the greatest declines and may have local standing and influence could be valuable resources in developing more community-based sustainable fisheries, especially given the apparent lack of success of formal management measures.</p>
Local ecological knowledge of fisheries charts decline of sharks in data-poor regions
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Data from: Shifting baselines on a tropical forest frontier: extirpations drive declines in local ecological knowledge
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Data from: Integrating local knowledge and research to refine the management of an invasive non-native grass in critically endangered grassy woodlands
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Data from: Using local ecological knowledge to monitor threatened Mekong megafauna in Lao PDR
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Data from: Integrating local knowledge to prioritise invasive species management
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Data from: Oceanographic currents and local ecological knowledge indicate, and genetics does not refute, a contemporary pattern of larval dispersal for the ornate spiny lobster, Panulirus ornatus in the South-East Asian archipelago
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Using local ecological knowledge as evidence to guide management: A community-led harvest calculator for muskoxen in Greenland
<p>Indigenous peoples manage or have tenure rights on over a quarter of the world's land surface. While there is growing interest in "evidence-based" natural resource management, there are few documented experiences with "evidence-based" practice in community-managed lands. We explore the evidence required for decisions about harvesting of a community-managed muskox herd in Greenland, and the collaboration needed to acquire this evidence. We present the development, application and outcome of a user-friendly demographic model - a harvest calculator - and we show how Local Ecological Knowledge was used throughout the process and combined with scientific knowledge. The community members identified suitable harvest scenarios with the use of the calculator. The calculator's predictions corresponded with their own perceptions of declining numbers of muskox bulls and suggested that reversal was possible under an alternative harvest scenario. As a result, the community members used the findings to request a revised muskox harvest quota, which gained immediate approval by the government. We draw on our experience to propose where community-led harvest calculators can be useful. Community-led harvest calculators can help Indigenous and local communities develop economically within environmentally sustainable limits, while at the same time providing community members a 'voice' in natural resource governance. An effective local management regime will require the sustained application of this tool.</p>
Congruence of local ecological knowledge (LEK)-based methods and line-transect surveys in estimating wildlife abundance in Amazonian forests
<p>1) Effective estimation of wildlife population abundance is an important component of population monitoring, and ultimately essential for the development of conservation actions. Diurnal line transect surveys are one of the most applied methods for abundance estimations. Local ecological knowledge (LEK) is empirically acquired through the observation of ecological processes by local people. LEK-based methods have only been recognized as valid scientific methods for surveying fauna abundance in the last three decades. However, the agreement between both methods has not been extensively analysed.</p> <p>2) We compared concomitant abundance data for 91 wild species (mammals, birds and tortoises) from diurnal line transects (9,221 km of trails) and a LEK-based method (291 structured interviews) at 18 sites in Central and Western Amazonia. We used biological and socioecological factors to assess the agreements and divergences between abundance indices obtained from both methods.</p> <p>3) We found a significant agreement of population abundance indices for diurnal and game species. This relationship was also positive regardless of species sociality (solitary or social), body size and locomotion mode (terrestrial and arboreal); and of sampled forest type (upland and flooded forests). Conversely, we did not find significant abundance covariances for nocturnal and non-game species. Despite the general agreement between methods, line transects were not effective at surveying many species occurring in the area, with 40.2% and 39.8% of all species being rarely and never detected in at least one of the survey sites. On the other hand, these species were widely reported by local informants to occur at intermediate to high abundances.</p> <p>4) Although LEK-based methods have been long neglected by ecologists, our comparative study demonstrated their effectiveness for estimating vertebrate abundance of a wide diversity of taxa and forest environments. This can be used simultaneously with line transects surveys to calibrate abundance estimates and record species that are rarely sighted during surveys on foot, but that are often observed by local people during their daily extractive activities. Thus, the combination of local and scientific knowledge is a potential tool to improve our knowledge of tropical forest species and foster the development of effective strategies to meet biodiversity conservation goals. --</p>
Knowledge, attitude and practice of the local people towards human-carnivore coexistence in Faragosa-Fura landscape, Gamo Zone, Southern Ethiopia
<p>Local people's knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) have played an important role in human-wildlife coexistence and have received increased attention in biodiversity conservation. However, studies on the KAP of local people towards human-carnivore coexistence (HCC) are scarce, species-specific, or limited to the protected areas. Therefore, we investigated the local people's KAP towards carnivores' coexistence with humans, the problem of livestock, and mitigation practices in a human-dominated landscape of Southern Ethiopia. We collected the data from 352 households' interviews using a semi-structured questionnaire and photographic sampling. The respondents mentioned 13 carnivores coexisting with local people belonging to six families. Eighty-five percent of the respondents perceived carnivores as problematic species and expressed a negative attitude towards them, primarily due to the damage they caused to their livestock. Respondents who had better knowledge of carnivores also showed a positive attitude towards carnivores. The cluster analysis showed that the spotted hyena, serval, leopard, common genet, and black-backed jackal were grouped under a high-threat cluster. Chickens and goats were the most threatened livestock reported by respondents. The main predation control methods reported were guarding and fencing for larger livestock and keeping chickens indoors during the night. The regression models predicted that males and literate respondents had better knowledge of carnivores than females and illiterates. The respondents who owned more livestock experienced more damage to livestock, and females showed a negative attitude towards carnivores. Although the study area is the critical conservation value of the 13 carnivore species, livestock predation by carnivores, the local people's negative attitude towards carnivores, and lethal predation control methods practiced by local people were affecting HCC in the area. The findings call for conservation actions such as conservation education to raise awareness and develop a positive attitude and non-lethal predation mitigation measures to promote HCC in consultation with the local community.</p>
Archaeology and Local Knowledge Production at Ingapirka and Koyoktor, Ecuador
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Data from: Using local ecological knowledge to build mutualistic networks in hyper-diverse and logistically challenging ecosystems
<p>1. Collecting interaction data to build frugivory or seed dispersal networks is logistically challenging in ecosystems that have very high plant and animal diversity and/or where fieldwork is difficult or dangerous. Consequently, the majority of available networks are from ecosystems with low species diversity or they represent a sub-set of the community. </p> <p>2. Here, we propose an approach using local ecological knowledge (LEK) of indigenous communities to build interaction databases and weighted networks that would otherwise be difficult to achieve with direct observations. Indigenous communities live and work in many hyper-diverse ecosystems and the people within these communities often have detailed knowledge of ecological processes. </p> <p>3. Working in a Sundaland biodiversity hotspot – Royal Belum State Park, Peninsular Malaysia – we used field data, visually-oriented interviews with indigenous people (Orang Asli, in the Jahai and Temiar ethnic subgroups), and published records to collate interactions, and their frequency of occurrence of animal fruit consumption and seed dispersal. </p> <p>4. We documented 2060 fruit consumption and 1330 seed dispersal interactions among 164 plant species and 34 animal taxa, the latter representing groups of closely related species or individual species. The majority of the interactions (97%) were identified by the LEK interviews, with the additional methods (field data and published records) used to support and marginally expand the interview data. The metrics for the networks we built reflect those of networks structured by biological mechanisms, supporting the validity of our novel method. </p> <p>5. Local ecological knowledge is highly relevant for building detailed databases for mutualistic interactions in hyper-diverse and/or challenging ecosystems. Such ecosystems are among the most vulnerable on earth, harbouring ecological interactions that are often poorly documented at a community-level. We show how LEK can broaden our knowledge of such sensitive ecosystems, but our approach is useful for any ecosystem where people retain rich local ecological knowledge.</p>
Fig. 1 in Local ecological and taxonomic knowledge of snapper fish (Teleostei: Actinopterygii) held by fishermen in Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil
Fig. 1. Map of Bahia State, Brazil, indicating the location of the fishing colonies Z19 and Z34, continental shelf and the municipality of Ilhéus.
Fig. 1. Epinephelus itajara, 328 in Local Ecological Knowledge on the Goliath Grouper Epinephelus itajara (Teleostei: Serranidae) in Southern Brazil
Fig. 1. Epinephelus itajara, 328 kg, caught in Rio de Janeiro (06/12/1997) by Gilberto Bombieri (Brazilian record of spearfishing). Image gently provided by the CBCS (Confederação Brasileira de Caça Submarina).
Using local ecological knowledge as evidence to guide management: A community-led harvest calculator for muskoxen in Greenland
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.