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743 results for “long-term effects”
Long-term effectiveness of sustainable land management practices to control runoff, soil erosion, and nutrient loss and the role of rainfall intensity in Mediterranean rainfed agroecosystems
<p>This data set corresponds to the open-access article "Long-term effectiveness of sustainable land management practices to control runoff, soil erosion, and nutrient loss and the role of rainfall intensity in Mediterranean rainfed agroecosystems" published in CATENA. (<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2019.104352">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2019.104352</a>), funded by he European Commission Horizon 2020 project Diverfarming [grant agreement 728003]. </p>
Data from: Single cell RNA-seq analysis reveals that prenatal arsenic exposure results in long-term, adverse effects on immune gene expression in response to Influenza A infection
<p>Arsenic exposure via drinking water is a serious environmental health concern. Epidemiological studies suggest a strong association between prenatal<i> </i>arsenic exposure and subsequent childhood respiratory infections, as well as morbidity from respiratory diseases in adulthood, long after systemic clearance of arsenic.<i> </i>We investigated the impact of exclusive prenatal arsenic exposure on the inflammatory immune response and respiratory health after an adult influenza A (IAV) lung infection. C57BL/6J mice were exposed to 100 ppb sodium arsenite<i> in utero,</i> and subsequently infected with IAV (H1N1) after maturation to adulthood. Assessment of lung tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) at various time points post IAV infection reveals greater lung damage and inflammation in arsenic exposed mice versus control mice. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of immune cells harvested from IAV infected lungs suggests that the enhanced inflammatory response is mediated by dysregulation of innate immune function of monocyte derived macrophages, neutrophils, NK cells, and alveolar macrophages. Our results suggest that prenatal arsenic exposure results in lasting effects on the adult host innate immune response to IAV infection, long after exposure to arsenic, leading to greater immunopathology. This study provides the first direct evidence that exclusive prenatal exposure to arsenic in drinking water causes predisposition to a hyperinflammatory response to IAV infection in adult mice, which is associated with significant lung damage.</p>
Data from: The ghost of disturbance past: long-term effects of pulse disturbances on community biomass and composition
<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Current global change is associated with an increase in disturbance frequency and intensity, with the potential to trigger population collapses and to cause permanent transitions to new ecosystem states. However, our understanding of ecosystem responses to disturbances is still incomplete. Specifically, there is a mismatch between the diversity of disturbance regimes experienced by ecosystems and the one-dimensional description of disturbances used in most studies on ecological stability. To fill this gap, we conducted a full factorial experiment on microbial communities, where we varied the frequency and intensity of disturbances affecting species mortality, resulting in twenty different disturbance regimes. We explored the <span><span>direct</span></span> and long-term effects of these disturbance regimes on community biomass. While most communities were able to recover biomass and composition states similar to undisturbed controls after a halt of the disturbances, we identified some disturbance thresholds that had long-lasting legacies on communities. <span><span>Using a model based on logistic growth, we identified qualitatively</span></span> the sets of disturbance frequency and intensity that had equivalent long-term <span><span>negative</span></span> impacts on experimental communities. Our results show that an increase in disturbance intensity is a bigger threat for biodiversity and biomass recovery than the occurrence of more frequent but less intense disturbances.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
Data & R Scripts - Short and long-term effects of low-sulphur fuels on marine zooplankton communities
<p>Data and R scripts associated with "Short and long-term effects of low-sulphur fuels on marine zooplankton communities" https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2020.105592 </p>
Long-term effects of antibiotic treatments on honeybee colony fitness – a modelling approach
<p><b>1.</b> Gut microbiome disequilibrium is increasingly <span>implicated </span>in host fitness reductions, including for the economically important and disease-challenged western honey bee, <i>Apis mellifera</i>. In lab experiments the antibiotic tetracycline, which is used to prevent American Foulbrood Disease in countries including the US, elevates honey bee mortality by disturbing the microbiome. It is unclear however, how elevated individual mortality affects colony level fitness.</p> <p><b>2.</b> We used an agent-based model (BEEHAVE) and empirical data to assess colony level effects of antibiotic-induced worker bee mortality, by measuring colony size. We investigated the relationship between the duration that the antibiotic-induced mortality probability is imposed for and colony size.</p> <p><b>3.</b> We found that when simulating antibiotic-induced mortality of worker bees from just 60 days per year, up to a permanent effect, the colony is reduced such that tetracycline treatment would not meet the European Food Safety Authority's (EFSA) honey bee protection goals. When antibiotic mortality was imposed for the hypothetical minimal exposure time, which assumes that antibiotics only impact the bee's fitness during the recommended treatment period of fifteen days in both spring and autumn, the colony fitness reduction was only marginally under the EFSA's threshold.</p> <p><b>4.</b> Synthesis and Applications: Modelling colony level impacts of antibiotic treatment shows that individual antibiotic-induced honey bee worker mortality can lead to colony mortality. To assess the full impact, the persistence of antibiotic-induced mortality in honey bees must be determined experimentally, <i>in vivo</i>. We caution that as the domestication of new insect species increases, maintaining healthy gut microbiomes is of paramount importance to insect health and commercial productivity. The recommendation from this work is to limit prophylactic use of antibiotics and to not exceed recommended treatment strategies for domesticated insects. This is especially important for highly social insects as excess antibiotic use will likely decrease colony growth and an increase in colony mortality.</p>
The long-term effect of restoration interventions, landscape composition, and time on the restoration success of Pannonic sand grasslands
<p>Data for the manuscript</p>
Dynamics of leaching of POPs and additives from plastic in a Procellariiform gastric model: Diet and polymer dependent effects and implications for long-term exposure
<p>Procellariiform seabirds are known to have high rates of plastic ingestion. We investigated the bioaccessibility of plastic-associated chemicals [plastic additives and sorbed persistent organic pollutants (POPs)] leached from plastic over time using an in vitro Procellariiform gastric model. High-density polyethylene (HDPE) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC), commonly ingested by Procellariiform seabirds, were manufactured with one additive [decabrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE-209) or bisphenol S (BPS)]. HDPE and PVC added with PBDE-209 were additionally incubated in salt water with 2,4,4'-trichloro-1,1'-biphenyl (PCB-28) and 2,2',3,4,4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl (PCB-138) to simulate sorption of POPs on plastic in the marine environment. Our results indicate that the type of plastic (nature of polymer and additive), presence of food (i.e., lipids and proteins) and gastric secretions (i.e., pepsin) influence the leaching of chemicals in a seabird. In addition, 100% of the sorbed POPs were leached from the plastic within 100 hours, while only 2-5% of the additives were leached from the matrix within 100 hours, suggesting that the remaining 95% of the additives could continue to be leached. Overall, our study illustrates how plastic type, diet and plastic retention time can influence a Procellariform's exposure risk to plastic-associated chemicals.</p>
Short and long-term effects of endogenous cortisol on personality traits and behavioral syndromes
<p>Animals express consistent individual differences in some behaviours, termed animal personality but behaviours can also considerably vary within individuals, within minutes or hours, due to environmental stimuli. Consistent among-individual variation is often assumed to be mediated by hormonal mechanisms. Hormones are also involved in flexible and fast responses towards environmental stimuli. Even though basic mechanisms by which hormones regulate behaviours are known, much of the quantitative patterns underlying hormone-behaviour interactions within and among individuals, remain unclear. Here, we conducted two experiments to investigate the immediate, short-term effects of experimentally elevated cortisol titres on well-known animal personality traits (Experiment 1) and the potential long-term effects of such experimentally elevated cortisol titres (Experiment 2) in the medium-sized cavy (<em>Cavia aperea</em>). Therefore, we tested how personality traits related to stress-coping, novelty seeking and social behaviour react within hours towards elevated cortisol. In Experiment 2, we tested if a three-weeks elevation of cortisol affects the same personality traits after cessation of the hormone treatment. We investigated effects on the mean levels of behaviours, i.e., the personality type, the temporal consistency, i.e., repeatability and among-individual correlations of traits. In experiment 1, we found cortisol to lead to more aggressive behaviour and more passive stress-coping while other traits were unaffected. In experiment 2, we found no long-term persisting effects. Both measured hormones, cortisol and testosterone, showed correlations to several personality traits, these correlations were, however, unaffected by the cortisol treatment. Animals receiving the cortisol treatment showed higher repeatability, for one stress-coping trait and lower repeatability for testosterone concentration. Interestingly, sexes differed only in few mean trait expressions but showed different correlation structures across traits. Taken together, our data indicate that personality traits in adult individuals are very consistent and only react via short-term fluctuations towards internal hormonal signals.</p>
Stress axis programming generates long-term effects on cognitive abilities in a cooperative breeder
<p><span>The ability to flexibly adjust behaviour to social and non-social challenges is important for successfully navigating variable environments. Social competence, i.e., adaptive behavioural flexibility in the social domain, allows individuals to optimize their expression of social behaviour. Behavioural flexibility outside the social domain aids in coping with ecological challenges. However, it is unknown if social and non-social behavioural flexibility share common underlying cognitive mechanisms. Support for such shared mechanism would be provided if the same neural mechanisms in the brain affected social and non-social behavioural flexibility similarly. We used individuals of the cooperatively-breeding fish <em>Neolamprologus pulcher</em> that had undergone early-life programming of the hypothalamic-pituitary-interrenal (HPI) axis by exposure to (i) cortisol, (ii) the glucocorticoid-receptor antagonist mifepristone or (iii) control treatments, and where effects of stress-axis programming on social flexibility occurred. One year after the treatments, adults learned a colour-discrimination task, and subsequently, a reversal-learning task testing for behavioural flexibility. Early-life mifepristone treatment only marginally affected learning performance, whereas cortisol treatment significantly reduced behavioural flexibility. Thus, early-life cortisol treatment reduced both social and non-social behavioural flexibility, suggesting a shared cognitive basis of behavioural flexibility. Further our findings imply that early-life stress programming affects the ability of organisms to flexibly cope with environmental stressors.</span></p>
Effect of long-term physical disability and aging on extracellular matrix biogenesis in human skeletal muscle
<p>Supplemental Table for a study <strong>Effect of long-term physical disability and aging on extracellular matrix biogenesis in human skeletal muscle</strong></p>
Assessment of the Effectiveness of Coarse Resolution Fire Products in Monitoring Long-term Changes in Fire Regime within Protected Areas in South Africa
<p>The dataset includes fire histrory (shapefiles with data perimeters for 2003-2020) within 3 protected areas in South Africa, Blyde, Manyeleti, and Songimvelo.</p>
Data for: Using a demographic model to project the long-term effects of fire management on tree biomass in Australian savannas
<p>Tropical savannas are characterised by high primary productivity and high fire frequency, such that much of the carbon captured by vegetation is rapidly returned to the atmosphere. Hence, there have been suggestions that management-driven reductions in savanna fire frequency and/or severity could significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions and sequester carbon in tree biomass. However, a key knowledge gap is the extent to which savanna tree biomass will respond to modest shifts in fire regimes due to plausible, large-scale management interventions. Here, we: (1) characterise relationships between the frequency and severity of fires and key demographic rates of savanna trees, based on long-term observations in vegetation monitoring plots across northern Australia; (2) use these relationships to develop a process-explicit demographic model describing the effects of fire on savanna tree populations; and (3) use the demographic model to address the question: to what extent is it feasible, through the strategic application of prescribed burning, to increase tree biomass in Australian tropical savannas? Our long-term tree monitoring dataset included observations of 12,344 tagged trees in 236 plots, monitored for between 3 and 24 years. Analysis of this dataset showed that frequent high-severity fires significantly reduced savanna tree recruitment, survival and growth. Our demographic model suggested that: (1) despite the negative effects of frequent high-severity fires on demographic rates, savanna tree biomass appears to be suppressed by only a relatively small amount by contemporary fire regimes, characterised by a mix of low- to high-severity fires; and (2) plausible, management-driven reductions in the frequency of high-severity fires are likely to lead to increases in tree biomass of about 11.0 t DM ha<sup>–1</sup> (95% confidence interval: -1.2–20.8) over a century. Accounting for this increase in carbon storage could generate significant carbon credits, worth on average three times those generated annually by current greenhouse gas (methane and nitrous oxide) abatement projects, and has the potential to significantly increase the economic viability of fire/carbon projects, thereby promoting ecologically sustainable management of tropical savannas in Australia and elsewhere. This growing industry has the potential to bring much-needed economic activity to savanna landscapes, without compromising important natural and cultural values.</p>
Data for: Grazing effects of wintering geese on grassland yield: A long-term study from NW-Germany
<p>Conflicts between grassland farming and wintering geese stimulated a long-term study on goose-dependent yield losses. In the period 1996-2018 the loss of dry biomass of the first harvest increased from ca. 15 % to 50 % which corresponds with changes in the number and migratory behaviour of the barnacle goose. In contrast we found no decline in grassland yields with increasing number of greater white-fronted geese. The second harvest was not affected by wintering geese. The present study forms the basis for a fair and comprehensible system of compensation payments fo affected farmers.</p>
Data from: Contrasting long-term trends in juvenile abundance of a widespread cold-water salmonid along a latitudinal gradient: Effects of climate, stream size and migration strategy
<p><span>A changing climate reshapes the range distribution of many organisms, and species with relatively low thermal optima, like many salmonids, are increasingly expected to face local population extinctions at lower latitudes. Understanding where and how fast these changes are happening is of pivotal importance for successful mitigation and conservation efforts.</span></p> <p><span>We used an extensive electrofishing database to explore temporal trends of brown trout juveniles (<em>Salmo</em> <em>trutta</em> L.) in 218 locations from 174 Swedish streams, over the last 30 years (1991–2020). We hypothesized that 1) declines in abundance have occurred predominately in the warmer, southern regions, while increases have occurred in the colder, northern regions, 2) larger stream sizes may partly offset negative effects of climate, and 3) migrating and resident populations are affected differently by a warming climate.</span></p> <p><span>We found that abundance of brown trout juveniles generally declined in warmer regions, especially in smaller streams (≤ 6 m wide), while the abundance increased in colder regions. In larger streams, negative effects of higher temperatures were seemingly buffered, as we found lower rates of decline or even positive trends. The rate of change (i.e. the slopes of the trends in abundance) was more pronounced towards the climate extremes and was on average zero in regions with a normal annual air temperature (average temperature over 30-year period) around 5–6 ºC. Warmer climate had stronger effects on migrating compared to resident populations, suggesting that climate-induced loss of stream connectivity could be an additional factor that hinders recruitment in anadromous populations in a changing climate.</span></p> <p><span>Considering predictions of increasing temperatures and frequency of summer droughts, management of cold-water salmonid populations should focus on conserving and restoring riparian vegetation, wetlands, climate and thermal refugia, and habitat integrity overall. Such measures may, however, not suffice for small streams at lower latitudes, unless hydrological connectivity is maintained.</span></p>
Long-term effect of forest harvesting on boreal species assemblages under climate change
<p>Logging is the main human disturbance impacting biodiversity in forest ecosystems. However, the impact of forest harvesting on biodiversity is modulated by abiotic conditions through complex relationships that remain poorly documented. Therefore, the interplay between forest management and climate change can no longer be ignored. Our aim was to study the expected long-term variations in the assemblage of bird and beetle communities following modifications in forest management under different climate change scenarios. We developed species distribution models to predict the occurrence of 88 species of birds and beetles in eastern Canadian boreal forests over the next century.</p> <p>We simulated three climate scenarios (baseline, RCP4.5 and RCP8.5) under which we varied the level of harvesting. We also analyzed the regional assemblage dissimilarity by decomposing it into balanced variations in species occupancy and occupancy gradient. We predict that forest harvesting will alter the diversity by increasing assemblage dissimilarity under all the studied climate scenarios, mainly due to species turnover. Species turnover intensity was greater for ground-dwelling beetles, probably because they have lower dispersal capacity than flying beetles or birds. A good dispersal capacity allows species to travel more easily between ecosystems across the landscape when they search for suitable habitats after a disturbance. Regionally, an overall increase in the probability of occupancy is projected for bird species, whereas a decrease is predicted for beetles, a variation that could reflect differences in ecological traits between taxa. Our results further predict a decrease in the number of species that increase their occupancy after harvest under the most severe climatic scenario for both taxa. We anticipate that under severe climate change, increasing forest disturbance will be detrimental to beetles associated with old forests but also with young forests after disturbances.</p>
Effects of long-term mowing on leaf- and root-associated bacterial community structures are linked to functional traits in 11 plant species from a temperate steppe
<ol> <li><span>Long-term mowing can cause morphological stuntedness of plants, thus reducing grassland productivity and exacerbating grassland degradation. Although plant microbiomes can enhance plant resistance against disturbance, considerable uncertainty exists regarding how mowing and mowing-induced plant trait plasticity affect plant microbiomes in natural grasslands. </span></li> <li><span>Here we examined the responses of leaf-/root-associated bacterial (LAB/RAB) communities of 11 dominant herbaceous perennials (6 replicates per species) to a 17-year mowing treatment in a temperate grassland. We also measured leaf/root physiological and morphological traits and analyzed the relationships among mowing practice, bacterial community structures, and leaf/root trait parameters. </span></li> <li><span>We found that both leaf and root functional traits showed interspecific variations (variations across different plant species), while only the leaf traits exhibited intraspecific variation (treatment-induced variations within plant species) between the treatments. Similarly, the LAB community structure was more sensitive to mowing but less influenced by host species identity, compared to the RAB community. The RAB community structure was primarily shaped by host species identity, while mowing was a secondary influencing factor. </span></li> <li> <span>The different patterns of LAB and RAB communities in response to mowing could be specifically explained by the inter-/intraspecific variations of the related leaf and root traits. The LAB community was strongly correlated with the leaf traits which exhibited mowing-induced plasticity (intraspecific variation), with the correlations with nitrogen resorption efficiency and aboveground dry weight being the greatest. The root traits were important indicators of bacterial community structure in the root compartment across the hosts, rather than between the treatments. Root tissue density</span> <span>showed the strongest interspecific variation, and was identified as an overwhelming driver of the RAB community. The shifts in LAB/RAB communities under mowing were largely attributed to the increased proportions of Actinobacteria. The high mowing sensitivity of the LAB community was associated with the enrichment of soil-derived Actinobacteria in leaves under mowing. Actinobacteria were also the main keystone taxa in the bacterial community networks under mowing.</span> </li> <li><span>Our results demonstrate that the magnitude of plant-associated microbial community response to long-term mowing is plant compartment- and trait-variation-dependent, and advance our understanding of the leaf/root microbiome-trait relationships in complex plant communities.</span></li> </ol>
Drought neutralizes positive effects of long-term grazing on grassland productivity through altering plant-soil interactions
<p>Livestock grazing is among the most intensive land-use activities in grasslands and can affect plant communities directly or indirectly via grazing-induced soil legacies. Under climate change, grasslands are threatened globally by recurrent drought. However, the extent to which drought influences grazing-induced soil legacy effects on plant biomass production and community composition remains largely unexplored.</p> <p>We grew five naturally co-occurring plant species (three dominants and two subordinates) in mixed communities in a glasshouse experiment in live and sterilized soil that had or had not been subjected to 19 years of grazing; these plant communities were then exposed to a subsequent drought. We tested the treatment effects on plant community biomass, proportional aboveground biomass of individual species, arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal root colonization, and soil nutrient availability.</p> <p>Under drought-free conditions, soils from grazed plots produced significantly higher plant aboveground and total community biomass compared to soils from ungrazed plots. In contrast, plant aboveground and total community biomass were similar between grazed and ungrazed soils under drought conditions. Similarly, soils from grazed plots increased the proportional biomass of dominant species but decreased the proportion of subordinate species; however, the proportional biomass of dominant and subordinate species was similar between grazed and ungrazed soils under drought conditions. Soil NO3--N in grazed soil was significantly higher compared to ungrazed soil. Drought dramatically increased soil NO3--N in sterilized soil and had a more pronounced increase in grazed soil than in ungrazed soil. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal root colonization from grazed soil was lower compared to ungrazed soil. Drought significantly increased the soil available phosphorus concentration, as well as plant community AM fungal root colonization.</p> <p>Synthesis. Our study suggests that drought can neutralize positive grazing effects on plant community biomass production via altered plant-soil interactions. Also, we found that drought can alleviate the negative effects of grazing legacies on subordinate species by reducing the competitiveness of dominant species. Our study provides new insights for understanding the underlying mechanisms of grazing effects on grassland productivity under climate change.</p>
Long-term nitrogen deposition inhibits soil priming effects by enhancing phosphorus limitation in a subtropical forest
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>It is widely accepted that phosphorus (P) limits microbial metabolic processes and thus soil organic carbon (SOC) decomposition in tropical forests.</span><span> Global change factors like elevated atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition can enhance P limitation, raising concerns about the fate of SOC. However, how elevated N deposition affects the soil priming effect (PE) (<em>i</em>.<em>e</em>., fresh C inputs induced changes in SOC decomposition) in tropical forests remains unclear. We incubated soils exposed to nine years of experimental N deposition in a subtropical evergreen broadleaved forest with two types of <sup>13</sup>C-labeled substrates of contrasting bioavailability (glucose and cellulose) with and without P amendments. We found that N deposition decreased soil total P and microbial biomass P, suggesting enhanced P limitation. In P unamended soils, N deposition significantly inhibited the PE. In contrast, adding P significantly increased the PE under N deposition and by a larger extent for the PE of cellulose (PE<sub>cellu</sub>) than the PE of glucose (PE<sub>glu</sub>). Relative to adding glucose or cellulose solely, adding P with glucose alleviated the suppression of soil microbial biomass and C-acquiring enzymes induced by N deposition, whereas adding P with cellulose attenuated the stimulation of acid phosphatase induced by N deposition. Across treatments, the PE<sub>glu</sub> increased as C-acquiring enzyme activity increased, whereas the PE<sub>cellu</sub> increased as acid phosphatase activity decreased. This suggests that P limitation, enhanced by N deposition, inhibits the soil PE through varying mechanisms depending on substrate bioavailability; that is, P limitation regulates the PE<sub>glu</sub> by affecting soil microbial growth and investment in C acquisition, whereas regulates the PE<sub>cellu</sub> by affecting microbial investment in P acquisition. These findings provide new insights for tropical forests impacted by N loading, suggesting that expected changes in C quality and P limitation can affect the long-term regulation of the soil PE.</span></p>
Effects of long-term fixed fire regimes on African savanna vegetation biomass, vertical structure and tree stem density
<ol> <li><span>Fire plays an integral role in shaping the vegetation structure of savanna ecosystems. However, effects of fire regime characteristics, such as frequency and season of burn, on savanna vegetation structure, biomass and tree abundance across landscape types are largely unknown. </span></li> <li><span>We used high-resolution airborne Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) to investigate the long-term effects of fire manipulation on savanna vegetation in Kruger National Park, South Africa. We analysed the effects of fire exclusion and experimental burns every 1, 2, 3, 4 and 6 years and during different seasons on aboveground biomass (AGB), tree stem densities and vegetation vertical height profiles across a rainfall gradient and on contrasting geologies. </span></li> <li><span>Across savanna types, and especially in drier savannas, fire season was more influential for constraining AGB than was fire frequency. Plots experiencing fires during the late- and mid-dry season had 44.50% and 43.60%, respectively, lower AGB relative to unburnt plots than wet-season fires. However, in mesic savannas, fire frequency interacted with fire season to influence AGB: plots subjected to high frequency, dry season fires had 55.35% lower AGB than unburnt plots, whereas plots burnt in the wet season at lower frequencies had lower AGB (24.40% lower than unburnt plots) than plots subjected to high frequency, wet-season fires (13.74% lower AGB than unburnt plots). </span></li> <li><span>Fire regimes had variable effects on tree densities, and effects varied with savanna type. Woody vertical vegetation profiles showed the largest differences in response to dry season fires, with the greatest divergence in vegetation height classes < 5m. </span></li> <li><span><em>Synthesis and applications</em>. Understanding the influence of fire regimes on vegetation structure has important implications for the management of savanna heterogeneity, and for predicting trajectories of change in savanna vegetation as fire regimes vary with climate change. We show that the magnitude of the effect of fire on woody vegetation structure varies with savanna context. Our results suggest that heterogeneous vegetation structure can be achieved by applying fires in the dry season in mesic savannas, whereas in dry savannas, variation in fire regimes is less consequential for constraining biomass accumulation and altering vegetation structure. </span></li> </ol>
Data and code for "Dietary carotenoid supplementation has long-term and community-wide effects on the amphibian skin microbiome"
<p>Data, R code and R markdown report for the manuscript "Dietary carotenoid supplementation has long-term and community-wide effects on the amphibian skin microbiome" by Risely, A., Phillip G. Byrne, Bethany J. Hoye, and Aimee J. Silla</p> <p><strong>Data</strong></p> <p>frog_final.RDS = Processed phyloseq dataset of frog skin microbiome</p> <p><strong>Code</strong></p> <p>Frog_diet_analysis_V1.Rmd = Rmarkdown code</p> <p>Frog_diet_analysis_V1.html = Rmarkdown report (html version - need to download to view)</p> <p>Frog_diet_analysis_V1.pdf = Rmarkdown report (PDF version)</p>
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.