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FIG. 8 in Late Triassic to Early Jurassic radiolarian, conodont and ammonite assemblages from the Tavuscayiri block, Mersin Mélange, southern Turkey: Time constraints for the T/J boundary and sedimentary evolution of the southern margin of the northern Neotethys

FIG. 8. — Photomicrographs of the radiolarians from the Orbuklukeli section; A-H, Acanthotetrapaurinella kennecottensis (Carter in Longridge, Carter, Smith & Tipper, 2007); A-E, G, Orbuk-26, F, H, Orbuk-27; I-O, Paurinella liassica Tekin, n. sp.; I, Holotype, Orbuk-27; J-O, Paratypes; J, N, Orbuk-27; K-M, Orbuk-32; O, Orbuk-26; P-V, Tetrapaurinella sphaerica Tekin, n. sp.; P, Holotype, Orbuk-32; Q-V, Paratypes; Q, Orbuk-32; R-T, Orbuk-27, U, Orbuk-26; V, Orbuk-31; W-Y, Orbiculiformella callosa (Yeh, 1987); W, X, Orbuk-36; Y, Orbuk-41. Scale bar: G-H, 100 µm; A-F, I-V, 150 µm; W-Y, 200 µm.

FIG. 13 in Late Triassic to Early Jurassic radiolarian, conodont and ammonite assemblages from the Tavuscayiri block, Mersin Mélange, southern Turkey: Time constraints for the T/J boundary and sedimentary evolution of the southern margin of the northern Neotethys

FIG. 13. — Photomicrographs of the radiolarians and conodonts from the Orbuklukeli section: A, Saitoum sp. aff. S. triumphense Whalen & Carter in Carter, Whalen & Guex, 1998, Orbuk-32; B, Saitoum sp. A, Orbuk-32; C-E, Katroma ninstintsi Carter in Carter, Cameron & Smith, 1988, Orbuk-46; F-G, Ares sutherlandi Whalen & Carter in Carter, Whalen & Guex, 1998, Orbuk-32; H-I, Bipedis douglasi Whalen & Carter in Carter, Whalen & Guex, 1998, Orbuk-32; J-L, Bipedis hannai Whalen & Carter in Carter, Whalen & Guex, 1998; J, Orbuk-27; K, L, Orbuk-32; M, Bipedis helenae Whalen & Carter in Carter, Whalen & Guex, 1998, Orbuk-27; N, Epigondolella sp. cf. E. postera Kozur & Mostler, 1971, Orbuk-2; O, Hindeodella sp., Orbuk-12; P, Misikella hernsteini (Mostler, 1967), Orbuk-9; Q-T, Misikella posthernsteini Kozur & Mock, 1974; Q-R, Orbuk-13, S, T, Orbuk-15; U, Misikella rhaetica Mostler, 1978, Orbuk-9; V-X, Misikella ultima Kozur & Mock, 1991, Orbuk-15. Scale bar: A-B, F-M, 100 µm; N-X, 150 µm; C-E, 180 µm.

FIG. 11 in Late Triassic to Early Jurassic radiolarian, conodont and ammonite assemblages from the Tavuscayiri block, Mersin Mélange, southern Turkey: Time constraints for the T/J boundary and sedimentary evolution of the southern margin of the northern Neotethys

FIG. 11. — Photomicrographs of the radiolarians from the Orbuklukeli section; A, B, Droltus sp. aff. D. eurasiaticus Kozur & Mostler, 1990, Orbuk-32; C, Droltus hecatensis Pessagno & Whalen, 1982, Orbuk-32; D-F, Droltus laseekensis Pessagno & Whalen, 1982, Orbuk-27; G-J, Trexus dodgensis Whalen & Carter in Carter, Whalen & Guex, 1998; G-H, Orbuk-27; I, J, Orbuk-32; K-O, Canoptum cephalobulbosum Tekin, n. sp.; K, Holotype, Orbuk-15; L-O, Paratypes, Orbuk-15; P, Canoptum columbiaense Whalen & Carter in Carter, Whalen & Guex, 1998, Orbuk-27; Q, Canoptum merum Pessagno & Whalen, 1982, Orbuk-15; R-U, Canoptum productum Tekin, n. sp.; R, Holotype, Orbuk-15; S-U, Paratypes, Orbuk-15; V-X, Canoptum rarum Tekin, n. sp.; V, Holotype, Orbuk-15; W-X, Paratypes, Orbuk-15. Scale bar: A, B, 200 µm; C, P, 120 µm; D-J, 100 µm; K-O, R-X, 80 µm.

FIG. 5 in Late Triassic to Early Jurassic radiolarian, conodont and ammonite assemblages from the Tavuscayiri block, Mersin Mélange, southern Turkey: Time constraints for the T/J boundary and sedimentary evolution of the southern margin of the northern Neotethys

FIG. 5. — Field photographs from the Lower Jurassic part of the section: A, Thin to medium-bedded, gray, red to purple-colored limestones with red-colored chert interlayers from where the sample Orbuk-39 was collected; B, Alternating thin-bedded, purple-colored limestone, and thin-bedded, red-colored chert corresponding to the level of sample Orbuk-42; C, Thin-bedded, red-colored cherts with thin-bedded, purple-colored limestone interlayers of the sample point Orbuk-45; D, General view of purple-colored, nodular limestones showing typical features of Ammonitico Rosso facies from the top of the section; E-J, Different ammonite taxa from the Ammonitico rosso facies in the section place and Kuzyurt region to the 850 m NE of section place (E, Pseudomercaticeras sp.; F, phylloceratid; G, H, J,? harpoceratid; I, lytoceratid); K, General view from southwest to northeast showing section location; L, General view from southeast to northwest showing the eastern side of Orbuklukeli hill. Abbreviation: A.R., Ammonitico rosso.

FIG. 2 in Late Triassic to Early Jurassic radiolarian, conodont and ammonite assemblages from the Tavuscayiri block, Mersin Mélange, southern Turkey: Time constraints for the T/J boundary and sedimentary evolution of the southern margin of the northern Neotethys

FIG. 2. — Detailed geological map of the Orbuklukeli hill surroundings, northwest of Mersin city (after Tekin et al. 2016a). Key: a, Mersin Mélange; 1, Middle Permian brecciated limestone; 2, Middle Triassic basic volcanic rocks; 3, Upper Triassic conglomerate, sandstone, and silt-claystone; 4, Upper Triassic massive platform limestone; 5, Upper Triassic alternating tuff, tuffite with limestone; 6, Upper Triassic cherty limestone; 7, Lower Jurassic alternating chert and limestone (including Ammonitico rosso facies); 8, Middle-Upper Jurassic radiolarite and mudstone; 9, Lower Cretaceous alternating chert and mudstone; 10, Undifferentiated mélange (mainly matrix); b, Stratigraphic contact; c, Fault; d, Strike-slip fault; e, Thrust; f, Toarcian ammonite fauna near the Kuzyurt region; g, Section location (revised after Tekin et al. 2016a).

FIG. 1 in Late Triassic to Early Jurassic radiolarian, conodont and ammonite assemblages from the Tavuscayiri block, Mersin Mélange, southern Turkey: Time constraints for the T/J boundary and sedimentary evolution of the southern margin of the northern Neotethys

FIG. 1. — Geological base map showing the distribution of the Mersin Ophiolitic Complex and surrounding tectonic units in the northwest of Mersin city, southern Turkey (revised after Senel 2002 and Alan et al. 2007). For a detailed geological sketch of the Orbuklukeli section, see Fig. 2. Inset: Distribution of ophiolites and mélanges in Turkey with the location of Fig. 1.

FIG. 3 in Late Triassic to Early Jurassic radiolarian, conodont and ammonite assemblages from the Tavuscayiri block, Mersin Mélange, southern Turkey: Time constraints for the T/J boundary and sedimentary evolution of the southern margin of the northern Neotethys

FIG. 3. — Columnar section of the Orbuklukeli section and sampling points. Key: a, Limestone; b, Limestone with chert nodules; c, Alternating chert and limestone with chert nodules; d, Brecciated limestone; e, Nodular limestone with ammonites; f, Tuffite; g, Radiolarian occurrence; h, Conodont occurrence; i, Tuffite sample. Abbreviations: Sinemur., Sinemurian; Toar., Toarcian.

FIG. 4 in Late Triassic to Early Jurassic radiolarian, conodont and ammonite assemblages from the Tavuscayiri block, Mersin Mélange, southern Turkey: Time constraints for the T/J boundary and sedimentary evolution of the southern margin of the northern Neotethys

FIG. 4. — Field photographs of the Orbuklukeli section: A-G, Upper Triassic part of the section; A, General view of the Orbuklukeli section around Orbuklukeli hill, view from southwest to northeast; B, Basal part of the section represented by medium to thick-bedded, gray-colored limestones with chert nodules; C, Medium-bedded, gray to yellow-colored limestones with chert nodules where sample Orbuk-3 was collected, overlain by meter-thick mass-flow bed; D, Thin to medium-bedded, gray to beige-colored limestones of sample Orbuk-10 with thin-bedded, gray-colored chert interlayers; E, Medium-bedded, gray to beige-colored, brecciated limestones with rare gray-colored chert nodules and beds where sample Orbuk-12 was obtained; F, Brecciated limestones with pyritized chert and limestone pebbles from where sample Orbuk-13 was collected; G, The upper part of the Upper Triassic sequence of the section representing by thin to medium-bedded, gray to beige-colored, locally brecciated limestones with chert nodules; H, The upper part of the limestones with chert nodules of Late Triassic age followed by Early Jurassic chert-rich platy limestone; I, The boundary between Upper Triassic limestones with chert nodules, tuffite layer and thin-bedded, chert-rich limestone of Early Jurassic age; J, Basal part of the Lower Jurassic sequence characterized by alternating thin-bedded, gray-colored limestone and thin-bedded, gray-colored chert from where samples from Orbuk-16 to Orbuk-20 have been collected; K, Alternating thin-bedded, gray-colored limestone, and thin-bedded, gray-colored chert corresponding to the level of sample Orbuk-30. Abbreviation: T., Tuffite.

FIG. 9 in Late Triassic to Early Jurassic radiolarian, conodont and ammonite assemblages from the Tavuscayiri block, Mersin Mélange, southern Turkey: Time constraints for the T/J boundary and sedimentary evolution of the southern margin of the northern Neotethys

FIG. 9. — Photomicrographs of the radiolarians from the Orbuklukeli section: A-E, Orbiculiformella pulchra Tekin, n. sp.; A, Holotype, Orbuk-32; B-E, Paratypes; B, Orbuk-31; C-E, Orbuk-32; F-G, Orbiculiformella? trispina trispina (Yeh, 1987), Orbuk-32; H, Orbiculiformella sp. A, Orbuk-27; I, Danubea sp. A, Orbuk-27; J-L, Charlottea elegantissima Tekin, n. sp.; J, Orbuk-32, Holotype; K-L, Paratypes; K, Orbuk-27; L, Orbuk-32; M, N, Charlottea johnsoni Whalen & Carter in Carter, Whalen & Guex, 1998, Orbuk-32; O, Charlottea sp. A sensu Whalen & Carter (2002), Orbuk-41; P-R, Tozerium orbuklukeliense Tekin, n. sp.; P, Holotype, Orbuk-32; Q-R. Paratypes; Q, Orbuk-32; R, Orbuk-31; S-T, Tozerium sp. A; S, Orbuk-41; T, Orbuk-44; U, Ferresium sp. cf. F. teekwoonense Carter, 1993, Orbuk-15; V, Palaeosaturnalis blomei Kozur & Mostler, 1990, Orbuk-32; W, Palaeosaturnalis liassicus Kozur & Mostler, 1990, Orbuk-38; X, Palaeosaturnalis schaafi Kozur & Mostler, 1990, Orbuk-38; Y, Palaeosaturnalis subovalis Kozur & Mostler, 1990, Orbuk-38. Scale bar: A-E, 200 µm; F-H, 170 µm; I, 80 µm; J-L, P-R, 120 µm; M-O, S-U, 150 µm; W, X, 220 µm.

FIG. 10 in Late Triassic to Early Jurassic radiolarian, conodont and ammonite assemblages from the Tavuscayiri block, Mersin Mélange, southern Turkey: Time constraints for the T/J boundary and sedimentary evolution of the southern margin of the northern Neotethys

FIG. 10. — Photomicrographs of the radiolarians from the Orbuklukeli section: A, Palaeosaturnalis subovalis Kozur & Mostler, 1990, Orbuk-44; B, C, Mesosaturnalis artus (Donofrio & Mostler, 1978), Orbuk-21; D, E, Mesosaturnalis octospinus Sugiyama, 1997, Orbuk-21; F, G, Praehexasaturnalis merici Tekin, 2002; F, Orbuk-46; G, Orbuk-47; H, I, Praehexasaturnalis poultoni Whalen & Carter in Carter, Whalen & Guex, 1998, Orbuk-31; J, K, Praehexasaturnalis tenuispinosus (Donofrio & Mostler, 1978); J, Orbuk-26; K, Orbuk-31; L, M, Praehexasaturnalis tetraradiatus Kozur & Mostler, 1990; L, Orbuk-31; M, Orbuk-32; N-O, Stauroacanthocircus dickinsoni (Yeh, 1989); N, Orbuk-31; O, Orbuk-47; P, Q, Stauroacanthocircus? poetschensis Kozur & Mostler, 1990, Orbuk-31; R, Stauroacanthocircus sp. A, Orbuk-32; S, T, Pseudoacanthocircus mediospinosus Kozur & Mostler, 1990; S, Orbuk-38; T, Orbuk-44; U, Pseudoacanthocircus mocki Kozur & Mostler, 1990, Orbuk-44; V, Pseudoacanthocircus troegeri Kozur & Mostler, 1990, Orbuk-44; W, Pseudoacanthocircus sp. B sensu Sugiyama (1997), Orbuk-31; X, Y, Droltus eurasiaticus Kozur & Mostler, 1990, Orbuk-32. Scale bar: A, 220 µm; B, C, 120 µm; D-G, L-P, R-V, 200 µm; H-K, W, 170 µm; Q, 240 µm; X, Y, 90 µm.

aquila (Whalen & Carter in Carter, Whalen & Guex, 1998), Orbuk-32; R, Pseudoeucyrtis busuangaensis (Yeh & Cheng, 1998), Orbuk-32; S, Farcus graylockensis Pessagno, Whalen & Yeh, 1986, Orbuk-32; T-U, Farcus sp. A, Orbuk-26; V, Farcus sp. B, Orbuk-27; W-X, Anaticapitula anatiformis (De Wever, 1982); W, Orbuk-32; X, Orbuk-38; Y, Saitoum sp. aff. S. triumphense Whalen & Carter in Carter, Whalen & Guex, 1998, Orbuk-32. Scale bar: A-C, K-L, T-U, W-Y, 100 µm; D-J, M-O, 120 µm; P-S, V, 150 µm. in Late Triassic to Early Jurassic radiolarian, conodont and ammonite assemblages from the Tavuscayiri block, Mersin Mélange, southern Turkey: Time constraints for the T/J boundary and sedimentary evolution of the southern margin of the northern Neotethys

aquila (Whalen & Carter in Carter, Whalen & Guex, 1998), Orbuk-32; R, Pseudoeucyrtis busuangaensis (Yeh & Cheng, 1998), Orbuk-32; S, Farcus graylockensis Pessagno, Whalen & Yeh, 1986, Orbuk-32; T-U, Farcus sp. A, Orbuk-26; V, Farcus sp. B, Orbuk-27; W-X, Anaticapitula anatiformis (De Wever, 1982); W, Orbuk-32; X, Orbuk-38; Y, Saitoum sp. aff. S. triumphense Whalen & Carter in Carter, Whalen & Guex, 1998, Orbuk-32. Scale bar: A-C, K-L, T-U, W-Y, 100 µm; D-J, M-O, 120 µm; P-S, V, 150 µm.

FIG. 7 in Late Triassic to Early Jurassic radiolarian, conodont and ammonite assemblages from the Tavuscayiri block, Mersin Mélange, southern Turkey: Time constraints for the T/J boundary and sedimentary evolution of the southern margin of the northern Neotethys

FIG. 7. — Photomicrographs of the radiolarians from the Orbuklukeli section: A-D, Praeudalia rhaetica Tekin, n. gen., n. sp.; A, Holotype, Orbuk-15; B-D, Paratypes, Orbuk-15; E, Udalia dennisoni Whalen & Carter in Carter, Whalen & Guex, 1998, Orbuk-32; F-G, Udalia infrequens Tekin, n. sp.; F, Holotype, Orbuk-36; G, Paratype, Orbuk-36; H-J, Udalia primaeva Whalen & Carter in Carter, Whalen & Guex, 1998, Orbuk-27; K-M, Thurstonia gibsoni Whalen & Carter in Carter, Whalen & Guex, 1998, Orbuk-26; N, Thurstonia minutaglobus Whalen & Carter in Carter, Whalen & Guex, 1998, Orbuk-32; O, Thurstonia timberensis Whalen & Carter in

FIG. 6 in Late Triassic to Early Jurassic radiolarian, conodont and ammonite assemblages from the Tavuscayiri block, Mersin Mélange, southern Turkey: Time constraints for the T/J boundary and sedimentary evolution of the southern margin of the northern Neotethys

FIG. 6. — Photomicrographs of the radiolarians from the Orbuklukeli section: A, Betraccium kennecottense Carter, 1993, Orbuk-15; B, Betraccium perilense Carter, 1993, Orbuk-15; C, D, Gorgansium alpinum Kozur & Mostler, 1990, Orbuk-32; E, F, Gorgansium gongyloideum Kishida & Hisada, 1985, Orbuk-41; G, Pantanellium fosteri Pessagno & Blome, 1980, Orbuk-15; H-J, Pantanellium freboldi Whalen & Carter in Carter, Whalen & Guex, 1998; H-I, Orbuk-27; J, Orbuk-31; K-O, Pantanellium giganteum Tekin, n. sp.; K, Holotype, Orbuk-26; L-O, Paratypes; L, Orbuk-26; M, Orbuk-27; N-O, Orbuk-31; P, Pantanellium kluense Pessagno & Blome, 1980, Orbuk-26; Q, R, Pantanellium tanuense Pessagno & Blome,1980; Q, Orbuk-26; R, Orbuk-27; S-U, Novamuria impensa (Whalen & Carter in

FIG. 12 in Late Triassic to Early Jurassic radiolarian, conodont and ammonite assemblages from the Tavuscayiri block, Mersin Mélange, southern Turkey: Time constraints for the T/J boundary and sedimentary evolution of the southern margin of the northern Neotethys

FIG. 12. — Photomicrographs of the radiolarians from the Orbuklukeli section; A, B, Canoptum rhaeticum Kozur & Mostler, 1981, Orbuk-15; C, Canoptum striatum (Kozur & Mostler, 1990), Orbuk-27; D-J, Laxtorum breve Tekin, n. sp.; D, Holotype, Orbuk-32; E-J, Paratypes, Orbuk-32; K-L, Laxtorum obscurum Tekin, n. sp., K, Holotype, Orbuk-27; L, Paratype, Orbuk-27; M-N, Atalantria emmela (Cordey & Carter, 1996), Orbuk-32; O, Atalantria sp. A, Orbuk-27; P-Q, Pseudoeucyrtis

FIG. 14 in Late Triassic to Early Jurassic radiolarian, conodont and ammonite assemblages from the Tavuscayiri block, Mersin Mélange, southern Turkey: Time constraints for the T/J boundary and sedimentary evolution of the southern margin of the northern Neotethys

FIG. 14. — Upper Triassic-Lower Jurassic radiolarian, Conodont and Ammonoid zonations from North America (after Carter 1993; Carter et al. 1998, 2010). Abbreviations: Hettan., Hettangian; M.U. Norian, Middle-Upper Norian; UA, Unitary Association.

FIGURE 18. a – c in Bathyal Mollusca from the cold-water coral biotope of Santa Maria di Leuca (Apulian margin, southern Italy)

FIGURE 18. a – c: Turbonilla micans (Monterosato, 1875), sample BC 51, scale bars: 0.5 mm (a), 0.2 mm (b – c, protoconch); d – f: Graphis gracilis (Monterosato, 1874), sample BC 72, scale bars: 0.5 mm (d), 0.2 mm (e – f, protoconch); g – i: Crenilabium exile (Jeffreys, 1870), samples BC 67 (g) and BC 04 (h – i), scale bars: 2 mm (g), 0.2 mm (h – i, protoconch); j – l: Japonacteon pusillus (MacGillivray, 1843), sample BC 72, scale bars: 2 mm (j), 0.2 mm (k – l, protoconch); m – o: Callostracon thyrrenicum (Smriglio & Mariottini, 1996), sample BC 71, scale bars: 1 mm (m), 0.2 mm (n – o, protoconch).

FIGURE 19. a – b in Bathyal Mollusca from the cold-water coral biotope of Santa Maria di Leuca (Apulian margin, southern Italy)

FIGURE 19. a – b: Ringicula sp., sample BC 72, scale bars: 0.5 mm (a), 0.1 mm (b, protoconch); c – d: Diaphana globosa (Lovén, 1846), sample BC 05, scale bars: 1 mm (c), 0.2 mm (d, protoconch); e – f: Diaphana cf. lactea (Jeffreys, 1877), sample BC 05, scale bars: 1 mm (e), 0.2 mm (f, protoconch); g – j: Philine quadrata (Wood, 1839), samples BC 72 (g – h) and BC 05 (i – j), scale bars: 2 mm (g – h), 0.2 mm (i – j, protoconch); k – n: Philine scabra (Müller, 1784), sample BC 72, scale bars: 2 mm (k), 0.5 mm (l, juvenile), 0.2 mm (m – n, protoconch); o – q: Roxania monterosatoi Dautzenberg & Fischer, 1896, samples BC 67 (o) and BC 72 (p – q), scale bars: 1 mm (o), 0.5 mm (p, juvenile), 0.2 mm (q, protoconch).

FIGURE 17. a – c in Bathyal Mollusca from the cold-water coral biotope of Santa Maria di Leuca (Apulian margin, southern Italy)

FIGURE 17. a – c: Mathilda cochlaeformis Brugnone, 1873, samples BC 71 (a) and BC 66 (b – c), scale bars: 2 mm (a), 0.2 mm (b – c, protoconch); d – g: Mathilda coronata Monterosato, 1875, sample BC 71, scale bars: 2 mm (d), 0.2 mm (e – g, protoconch); h – j: Eulimella scillae (Scacchi, 1835), sample BC 72, scale bars: 1 mm (h), 0.2 mm (i – j, protoconch); k – m: Eulimella unifasciata (Forbes, 1844), sample BC 72, scale bars: 2 mm (k), 0.2 mm (l – m, protoconch); n – o: Chrysallida flexuosa (Monterosato, 1874), sample BC 67, scale bars: 0.5 mm (n), 0.2 mm (o, protoconch); p – r: Liostomia sp., sample BC 72, scale bars: 1 mm (p), 0.2 mm (q – r, protoconch).

FIGURE 16. a – c in Bathyal Mollusca from the cold-water coral biotope of Santa Maria di Leuca (Apulian margin, southern Italy)

FIGURE 16. a – c: Pleurotomella gibbera Bouchet & Warén, 1980, sample BC 66, scale bars: 1 mm (a), 0.2 mm (b – c, protoconch); d – f: Discotectonica discus (Philippi, 1844), sample BC 72, scale bars: 2 mm (d – e), 0.2 mm (f, protoconch); g – h: Pseudomalaxis zanclaeus (Philippi, 1844), sample BC 72, scale bar 5 mm; i – k: Solatisonax alleryi (Seguenza, 1876), sample BC 72, scale bars: 2 mm (i – j), 0.2 mm (k, protoconch); l – n: Solatisonax bannocki (Melone & Taviani, 1980), sample BC 71, scale bars: 2 mm (l – m), 0.2 mm (n, protoconch); o – q: Spirolaxis centrifugus (Monterosato, 1890), sample BC 72, scale bars: 1 mm (o – p), 0.2 mm (q, protoconch).

FIGURE 13. a – c in Bathyal Mollusca from the cold-water coral biotope of Santa Maria di Leuca (Apulian margin, southern Italy)

FIGURE 13. a – c: Akritogyra conspicua (Monterosato, 1880), sample BC 05, scale bars: 0.5 mm (a – b), 0.1 mm (c, protoconch); d – f: Epitonium tiberii (de Boury, 1889), sample BC 66, scale bars: 0.5 mm (d), 0.1 mm (e – f, protoconch); g – i: Alvania cimicoides (Forbes, 1844), sample BC 72, scale bars: 1 mm (g), 0.1 mm (h – i, protoconch); j – l: Alvania testae (Aradas & Maggiore, 1844), sample BC 72, scale bars: 0.5 mm (j), 0.1 mm (k – l, protoconch); m – o: Benthonella tenella (Jeffreys, 1869), sample BC 04, scale bars: 0.5 mm (m), 0.1 mm (n – o, protoconch).