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536 results for “maternal effects”
Data from: Maternal effects and the legacy of extreme environmental events for wild mammals
<p><span>Nutrition underpins population dynamics of large herbivores. The environmental, physiological, and nutritional state of a mother can have a lifetime effect on her offspring. For ungulates, nutrition of the mother during gestation can have an important and often underappreciated effect on the lifetime phenotype, behavior, and success of her offspring. Research in captive settings has shown even with animals that are closely related (i.e., have similar genetic makeups), maternal condition can have serious lifetime implications for an animal's offspring; mothers in poor condition give birth to sons that exhibit stunted growth compared with sons born to mothers in good condition. Yet, identifying the role of maternal effects in wild animals can be difficult. It requires information on the nutritional legacy of a mother in combination with information on current environmental conditions.</span></p> <p><span>We evaluated how nutrition of a mother potentially affected her male offspring's lifetime trajectory using ingesta-free body fat measurements of mule deer (<em>Odocoileus hemionus</em>) in the Wyoming Range of western Wyoming, USA. Following a very harsh winter, one female gave birth to a male who remained small for the entirety of his lifetime, which may be attributed to the nutritional stress his mother experienced during that winter. This dataset includes the means and standard errors of IFBFat for female deer captured in March from 2013–2021 and for male deer captured in December from 2018–2021.</span></p>
Indirect maternal effects via nest microbiome composition drives gut colonization in altricial chicks
<p>The new version of the dataset includes the raw data and R scripts necessary to reproduce the analyses and figures explained in the manuscript "Indirect maternal effects via nest microbiome composition drives gut colonization in altricial chicks"<strong>. </strong></p> <p>The manuscript linked to this data has undergone a first round of peer-reviewed, which explains the differences between the first and second (current) version of the dataset.</p> <p>Notice that the manuscript has a new title and consequently the dataset title has been updated.</p> <p>This dataset includes:</p> <p>- ASV.xlxs: Complete ASV table of the field experiment. We collected cloacal swabs from parents and chicks in ten nests of Great tits (<em>Parus major</em>) and ten nests of Blue tis (<em>Cyanistes caeruleus</em>) together with nest and water microbiome. The Genbank accession numbers of the samples are given in each column (Bioproject: PRJNA800248). This file has been placed out of the folder "project data & code" for easy access.</p> <p>- README.docx: Complete explanation of the different raw data used for the statistical analyses, together with the link to the R script where data is analyzed. We recommend to read this document before diving into the data and scripts.</p> <p>- Project data & code: Two separate folders for raw data and code.</p>
Data for: Plastic maternal effects of social density on reproduction and fitness in the least killifish, Heterandria formosa
<p>Environmental parental effects, also known as transgenerational plasticity, are widespread in plants and animals. Less well known is whether those effects contribute to maternal fitness in the same manner in different populations. We carried out a multi-generational laboratory experiment with females drawn from two populations of the Least Killifish, <em>Heterandria</em> <em>formosa</em>, to assess transgenerational plasticity in reproductive traits in response to differences in social density and its effects on maternal fitness. In the first and second generations, increased density decreased reproductive rate and increased offspring size in females from both populations. There were complicated patterns of transgenerational plasticity on maternal fitness that differed between females from different populations. Females from a population with historically low densities whose mothers experienced lower density had higher fitness than females whose mothers experienced higher density, regardless of their own density. The opposite pattern emerged in females from the population with historically high densities: females whose mothers experienced higher density had higher fitness than females whose mothers experienced lower density. This transgenerational plasticity is not anticipatory but might be considered adaptive in both populations if providing those "silver spoons" enhances offspring fitness in all environments.</p>
Cognitive development among children in a low-income setting: cost-effectiveness analysis of a maternal nutrition education intervention in rural Uganda
<p><span>Inadequate nutrition and insufficient stimulation in early childhood can lead to long-term deficits in cognitive and social development. Evidence for policy and decision-making regarding the cost of delivering nutrition education is lacking in low and middle-income countries (LMIC). In rural Uganda, we conducted a cluster-randomized controlled trial (RCT) examining the effect of a maternal nutrition education intervention on developmental outcomes among children aged 6–8 months. This intervention led to significantly improved cognitive scores when the children reached the age of 20–24 months. When considering the potential for this intervention's future implementation, the desired effects should be weighed against the increased costs.</span><span> This study therefore aimed to assess the cost-effectiveness of this education intervention compared with current practice.</span><span> Health outcome data were based on the RCT. Cost data were collected via interviews with researchers involved in processing the intervention. This study considered a healthcare provider perspective for an 18-month time horizon.</span><span> The control group was considered as the current practice for the future large-scale implementation of this intervention. </span><span>A cost-effectiveness analysis was performed, including calculations of incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs). In addition, uncertainty in the results was characterized using one-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses. The ICER for the education intervention compared with current practice was USD ($) 16.50 per cognitive composite score gained, with an incremental cost of </span><span>$265.79 and an incremental cognitive composite score of 16.11. The sensitivity analyses indicated the robustness of these results. The ICER was sensitive to changes in cognitive composite score and the cost of personnel, but the education intervention can be considered cost-effective compared with the current practice. The outcome of this study, including the cost analysis, health outcome, cost-effectiveness, and sensitivity analysis, can be useful to inform policymakers and stakeholders about effective resource allocation processes in Uganda and possibly other LMIC.</span></p>
Data from: Rapid decline of prenatal maternal effects with age is independent of postnatal environment in a precocial bird
<p><span>Maternal effects are an important source of phenotypic variation with potentially large fitness consequences,</span> <span>but how their importance varies with the quality of the environment across an individual's ontogeny is poorly understood. We bred Japanese quail (<em>Coturnix</em> <em>japonica</em>) of known pedigree and experimentally manipulated the quality of offspring diet to estimate the importance of prenatal maternal effects in shaping variation in body mass from hatching to adulthood. Maternal genetic effects on body mass at hatching were strong, and largely caused by variation in egg mass, but their importance rapidly declined with age. Whereas there was a large effect of diet on growth, this did not affect the decline of maternal effects variance. The importance of additive genetic and residual variance increased with age, with the latter being considerably larger in the poor diet treatment. Hence, we found no evidence for prenatal maternal effect by postnatal environment interactions, and that prenatal maternal effects are rapidly replaced by direct additive genetic and residual effects when offspring start to develop outside the egg. Thereby these results shed new light on the dynamics of the role of maternal versus offspring genes across ontogeny and environments.</span></p>
Heat-induced maternal effects shape avian eggshell traits and embryo development and phenotype at high incubation temperatures
<p>Phenotypic plasticity is an important avenue by which organisms may persist in the face of rapid environmental change. Environmental cues experienced by the mother can also influence the phenotype of offspring, a form of plasticity called maternal effects. Maternal effects can adaptively prepare offspring for the environmental conditions they will experience, however, their ability to buffer offspring against environmental stressors as embryos is understudied. Using captive zebra finches, we performed a maternal-offspring environmental match-mismatch experiment utilizing a 2x2x2 factorial design. Mothers were exposed to a mild heat conditioning (38 °C) or control (22 °C) treatment as juveniles, an acute high heat (42 °C) or control (22 °C) treatment as adults, then paired for breeding. The eggs produced by those females were incubated at a hyperthermic (38.5 °C) or optimal temperature (37.2 °C). We found that when mothers were exposed to a mild heat conditioning as juveniles, their embryos exhibited reduced water loss, longer development times, and produced hatchlings with heavier pectoralis muscles when incubated at high incubation temperatures, compared to embryos from control mothers. Mothers exposed to both the mild heat conditioning as juveniles and a high heat stressor as adults produced eggs with a higher density of shell pores, and embryos with lower heart rates during development. However, there was a cost when there was a mismatch between maternal and embryo environment. Embryos from these conditioned and heat-stressed mothers had reduced survival at control incubation temperatures, indicating the importance of offspring environment when interpreting potential adaptive effects.</p>
Fetal and Infant Effects of Maternal Buprenorphine Treatment
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01561079. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 1. Publications: 2.
Effects of Ambulation During First Stage of Labour on Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03447015. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 8.
The Effect of Neuraxial Analgesia on Maternal Breastfeeding
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01074190. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 5.
Effectiveness and Safety in Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes in Water Birth.
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06429111. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 1. Publications: 16.
Effect of Conventional vs Intensive Management on Gestational Diabetes and Maternal Fetal Outcomes
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT07336914. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 6.
Effectiveness of Maternal Immunization With Boostrix at Preventing Pertussis Among Infants <2 Months Old in the United States
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03973905. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Effects of Maternal Interpretation Biases on Child Anxiety and Related Responses
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02095340. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 4.
Data from: Maternal effects and the legacy of extreme environmental events for wild mammals
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The maternal effects of dietary restriction on Dnmt expression and reproduction in two clones of Daphnia pulex
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Data from: Rapid decline of prenatal maternal effects with age is independent of postnatal environment in a precocial bird
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Maternal and cohort effects modulate offspring responses to multiple stressors
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Data from: Transgenerational effects in an ecological context: conditioning of adult sea urchins to upwelling conditions alters maternal provisioning and progeny phenotype
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Data from: incubation as a driver of maternal effects: temperature influences levels of yolk maternally derived 5α-dihydrotestosterone
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Cognitive development among children in a low-income setting: cost-effectiveness analysis of a maternal nutrition education intervention in rural Uganda
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Allen Brain Atlas
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.