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133 results for “natural environment”
How biomechanics, path-planning and sensing enable gliding flight in a natural environment
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Data from: Large-scale manipulation of the acoustic environment can alter the abundance of breeding birds: evidence from a phantom natural gas field
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Effects of consumer surface sterilization on diet DNA metabarcoding data of terrestrial invertebrates in natural environments and feeding trials
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Data from: Poison frogs rely on vision for homing in natural environments
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Identifying the fitness consequences of sex in complex natural environments
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Data from: Natural language processing systems for pathology parsing in limited data environments with uncertainty estimation
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Pre-trained models for Vietnamese Natural Resources and Environment Domain
<p>Two Pre-trained models for Vietnamese Natural Resources and Environment Domain:</p> <p>- fastText</p> <p>- Word2vec</p>
Vietnamese text datasets for domain of natural resources and environment
<p>Two vietnamese text datasets have been crawlered and pre-processed for domain of natural resources and environment.</p> <p>These text datasets crawlered ( in domain of natural resources and environment) from:</p> <p>- Wikimedia.</p> <p>- Articles from 03 Journals</p> <p>- 19.666 legal documents</p> <p>- 2.637 scientific reports</p> <p>- 1.434 technical standard documents</p> <p>vnNREDataset2020 dataset: in CoNLL format (included Vietnamese NER labels using VnCoreNLP)</p> <p>vnNREsentences2020 dataset: 2.421.138 sentences (word segmented using VnCoreNLP)</p>
Work that body: fin and body movements determine herbivore feeding performance within the natural reef environment
<p>Herbivorous fishes form a keystone component of reef ecosystems, yet the functional mechanisms underlying their feeding performance are poorly understood. In water, gravity is counter-balanced by buoyancy, hence fish are recoiled backwards after every bite they take from the substrate. To overcome this recoil and maintain contact with the algae covered substrate, fish need to generate thrust while feeding. However, the locomotory performance of reef herbivores in the context of feeding has hitherto been ignored. We used a 3D high-speed video system to track mouth and body kinematics during <i>in-situ</i> feeding strikes of fishes in the genus <i>Zebrasoma</i>, while synchronously recording the forces exerted on the substrate. These herbivores committed stereotypic and coordinated body and fin movements when feeding off the substrate and these movements determined algal biomass removed. Specifically, the speed of rapidly backing away from the substrate was associated with the magnitude of the pull force and the biomass of algae removed from the substrate per feeding bout. Our new framework for measuring biting performance <i>in-situ</i> demonstrates that coordinated movements of the body and fins play a crucial role in herbivore foraging performance and may explain major axes of body and fin shape diversification across reef herbivore guilds.</p>
Data from: The third dimension: a novel set-up for filming coelacanths in their natural environment
Here, we describe a novel design to obtain three-dimensional data on the movements of aquatic organisms at depths of up to 140 m. The set-up consists of two synchronized high-speed cameras fixed to two articulated arms. The set-up was successfully used to film and quantify the locomotion of coelacanths Latimeria chalumnae living at a depth of about 120 m in Sodwana Bay, South Africa. As an example, the detailed motion of the dorsal fin is presented here. This set-up can be used for any underwater applications that require synchronized video recordings of medium- to large-sized animals.
Data from: Coral reef carbonate budgets and ecological drivers in the central Red Sea – a naturally high temperature and high total alkalinity environment
The structural framework provided by corals is crucial for reef ecosystem function and services, but high seawater temperatures can be detrimental to the calcification capacity of reef-building organisms. The Red Sea is very warm, but total alkalinity (TA) is naturally high and beneficial for reef accretion. To date, we know little about how such detrimental and beneficial abiotic factors affect each other and the balance between calcification and erosion on Red Sea coral reefs, i.e., overall reef growth, in this unique ocean basin. To provide estimates of present-day reef growth dynamics in the central Red Sea, we measured two metrics of reef growth, i.e., in situ net-accretion/-erosion rates (Gnet) determined by deployment of limestone blocks and ecosystem-scale carbonate budgets (Gbudget), along a cross-shelf gradient (25km, encompassing nearshore, midshore, and offshore reefs). Along this gradient, we assessed multiple abiotic (i.e., temperature, salinity, diurnal pH fluctuation, inorganic nutrients, and TA) and biotic (i.e., calcifier and epilithic bioeroder communities) variables. Both reef growth metrics revealed similar patterns from nearshore to offshore: net-erosive, neutral, and net-accretion states. The average cross-shelf Gbudget was 0.66kg CaCO3m−2yr−1, with the highest budget of 2.44kg CaCO3m−2yr−1 measured in the offshore reef. These data are comparable to the contemporary Gbudgets from the western Atlantic and Indian oceans, but lie well below optimal reef production (5–10kg CaCO3m−2yr−1) and below maxima recently recorded in remote high coral cover reef sites. However, the erosive forces observed in the Red Sea nearshore reef contributed less than observed elsewhere. A higher TA accompanied reef growth across the shelf gradient, whereas stronger diurnal pH fluctuations were associated with negative carbonate budgets. Noteworthy for this oligotrophic region was the positive effect of phosphate, which is a central micronutrient for reef building corals. While parrotfish contributed substantially to bioerosion, our dataset also highlights coralline algae as important local reef builders. Altogether, our study establishes a baseline for reef growth in the central Red Sea that should be useful in assessing trajectories of reef growth capacity under current and future ocean scenarios.
Data from: Divergence in DNA photorepair efficiency among genotypes from contrasting UV radiation environments in nature
Populations of organisms routinely face abiotic selection pressures, and a central goal of evolutionary biology is to understand the mechanistic underpinnings of adaptive phenotypes. Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is one of earth's most pervasive environmental stressors, potentially damaging DNA in any organism exposed to solar radiation. We explored mechanisms underlying differential survival following UVR exposure in genotypes of the water flea Daphnia melanica derived from natural ponds of differing in UVR intensity. The UVR tolerance of a D. melanica genotype from a high-UVR habitat depended on the presence of visible and UV-A light wavelengths necessary for photoenzymatic repair of DNA damage, a repair pathway widely shared across the tree of life. We then measured the acquisition and repair of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers, the primary form of UVR-caused DNA damage, in D. melanica DNA following experimental UVR exposure. We demonstrate that genotypes from high-UVR habitats repair DNA damage faster than genotypes from low-UVR habitats in the presence of visible and UV-A radiation necessary for photoenzymatic repair, but not in dark treatments. Because differences in repair rate only occurred in the presence of visible and UV-A radiation, we conclude that differing rates of DNA repair, and therefore differential UVR tolerance, are a consequence of variation in photoenzymatic repair efficiency. We then rule out a simple gene expression hypothesis for the molecular basis of differing repair efficiency, as expression of the CPD photolyase gene photorepair did not differ among D. melanica lineages, both in the presence and absence of UVR.
Changing environments and genetic variation: natural variation in inbreeding does not compromise short-term physiological responses
<p>Selfing plant lineages are surprisingly widespread and successful in a broad range of environments, despite showing reduced genetic diversity, which is predicted to reduce long-term evolutionary potential. However, appropriate short-term plastic responses to new environmental conditions might not require high levels of standing genetic variation. In this study, we tested whether mating system variation among populations, and associated changes in genetic variability, affected short-term responses to environmental challenges. We compared relative fitness and metabolome profiles of naturally outbreeding (genetically diverse) and inbreeding (genetically depauperate) populations of a perennial plant, Arabidopsis lyrata, under constant growth chamber conditions and an outdoor common garden environment outside its native range. We found no effect of inbreeding on survival, flowering phenology or short-term physiological responses. Specifically, naturally occurring inbreeding had no significant effects on the plasticity of metabolome profiles, using either multivariate approaches or analysis of variation in individual metabolites, with inbreeding populations showing similar physiological responses to outbreeding populations over time in both growing environments. We conclude that low genetic diversity in naturally inbred populations may not always compromise fitness or short-term physiological capacity to respond to environmental change, which could help to explain the global success of selfing mating strategies.</p>
Figure 4 in Tardigrade diversity: an evaluation of natural and disturbed environments of the province of Salta (Argentina)
Figure 4. Partition of gamma diversity into its alpha and beta components and the relationship between observed and expected diversity at each partition level. *Statistically significant differences between two values.
Figure 2 in Tardigrade diversity: an evaluation of natural and disturbed environments of the province of Salta (Argentina)
Figure 2. Comparison of tardigrade community structure in selected habitats of Salta province (Argentina) by Whittaker curves, where the species are ordered from most to least abundant. The native community fits better to a broken-stick model showing evenness, meanwhile the log series model best describes the data of urban and rural tardigrade communities.
Figure 3 in Tardigrade diversity: an evaluation of natural and disturbed environments of the province of Salta (Argentina)
Figure 3. NMS showing the similitude of tardigrade assemblages from the sampled communities ordered by habitat on the first axis.
Figure 1 in Tardigrade diversity: an evaluation of natural and disturbed environments of the province of Salta (Argentina)
Figure 1. Sample site locations in urban, rural and native communities in relation to central Salta province. NR9, National Route No. 9.
Fig. 2 in The hydroperoxyl radical scavenging activity of natural hydroxybenzoic acids in oil and aqueous environments: Insights into the mechanism and kinetics
Fig. 2. The optimized structures of TS of the HOO• + HBA reactions following the FHT mechanism in pentyl ethanoate.
Fig. 4 in The hydroperoxyl radical scavenging activity of natural hydroxybenzoic acids in oil and aqueous environments: Insights into the mechanism and kinetics
Fig. 4. Calculated log(koverall) at 298.15 K, in the reactions of the HBA with HOO• in water following pH values.
A fine-grained dataset named iSOOD for sewage outfalls objective detection in natural environments
<p><strong>Basic Information:</strong></p> <p>The 10481 images in iSOOD were captured using UAVs and handheld cameras by individuals from the river basin in China. Our study has carefully annotated these images to ensure accuracy and consistency. The iSOOD has undergone technical validation utilizing the YOLOv5 objective detection model. The iSOOD have been publicly released after undergoing desensitization, with the goal of promoting interdisciplinary collaboration and accelerating advancements in the intelligence watershed management. We expect that the iSOOD dataset is anticipated to inspire further research on the SOs detection and the control of pollution migration paths, and serve as a fundamental resource for the use of advanced deep learning visual technology in environmental monitoring.</p> <p><strong>Usage Policy:</strong><br>If you plan to use our data in a scientific analysis paper, we strongly recommend contacting us in advance to seek opinions, and consider our contributions in the acknowledgments or as co-authors.</p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.