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Branch wood chemistry of tree species in old-growth and selectively logged forest
<b>Description: </b><p>Carbon and nitrogen concentration of branch wood, analysed with and without bark, for tree species in selectively logged forest at SAFE and in old-growth forest in Danum Valley and Maliau Basin. Sampled during the BALI project traits campaign. Analysed in the laboratory of Dr Norma Salinas, Lima, Peru.</p><p><b>Project: </b>This dataset was collected as part of the following SAFE research project: <a href="https://www.safeproject.net/projects/project_view/55"><b>Biodiversity and land-use impacts on tropical ecosystem function (BALI): Quantifying functional trait distributions across the disturbance gradient</b></a></p><p><b>Funding: </b>These data were collected as part of research funded by: </p><ul><li>NERC (Standard grant, NE/K016253/1)</li></ul><p>This dataset is released under the CC-BY 4.0 licence, requiring that you cite the dataset in any outputs, but has the additional condition that you acknowledge the contribution of these funders in any outputs.</p><p></p><p><b>Permits: </b>These data were collected under permit from the following authorities:</p><ul><li>Sabah Biodiversity Centre (Research licence JKM/MBS.1000-2.2(385))</li></ul><p></p><p><b>XML metadata: </b>GEMINI compliant metadata for this dataset is available <a href="https://www.safeproject.net/datasets/xml_metadata?id=3402748">here</a></p><p><b>Files: </b>This consists of 1 file: Both_wood_chemistry.xlsx</p><p><b>Both_wood_chemistry.xlsx</b></p><p>This file contains dataset metadata and 1 data tables:</p><ol><li><p><b>Wood_chemistry</b> (described in worksheet Wood_chemistry)</p><p>Description: Carbon and nitrogen concentration of branch wood, analysed with and without bark, for tree species in selectively logged forest at SAFE and in old-growth forest in Danum Valley and Maliau Basin. Wood samples were cut from branches, that sampled during the BALI project traits campaign. Analyses were conducted on samples with bark removed or not removed. Analysed in the laboratory of Dr Norma Salinas, Lima, Peru.</p><p>Number of fields: 15</p><p>Number of data rows: 1520</p><p>Fields: </p><ul><li><b>location</b>: Location within the SAFE landscape (Field type: location)</li><li><b>forest_type</b>: Forest type: OG: old-growth plots, Maliau and Danum; SL: selectively logged plots at SAFE (Field type: categorical)</li><li><b>forestplots_name</b>: Plot name coherent with forestplots database (Field type: id)</li><li><b>plot_name_trait_campaign</b>: Plot name used during the BALI trait campaign (Field type: id)</li><li><b>sample_code</b>: Sample code referencing: plot-'T'(ree) ID-branch type (Field type: id)</li><li><b>branch_type</b>: Binary classification of branch sampled depending on their position in the tree crown. BS: sun branch; BSH: shade branch (Field type: id)</li><li><b>tree_id</b>: Reference for tree tag label (Field type: id)</li><li><b>species</b>: Tree species (Field type: taxa)</li><li><b>sample_type</b>: Binary classification of branch wood sample, B: wood sample with bark; NB: wood sample without bark. Number refers to internal replicated sample collection (Field type: id)</li><li><b>complete_sample_code</b>: Sample code referencing: plot-'T'(ree) ID-branch type (Field type: id)</li><li><b>replicate</b>: Replicate number if samples analyses were replicated (in a subset of samples) (Field type: id)</li><li><b>Date</b>: Date of sample analyses, conducted in the laboratory of Dr Norma Salinas (Lima, Peru) (Field type: date)</li><li><b>Time</b>: Time of of sample analyses, conducted in the laboratory of Dr Norma Salinas (Lima, Peru) (Field type: time)</li><li><b>N_perc</b>: Nitrogen concentration of the branch wood sample (Field type: numeric trait)</li><li><b>C_perc</b>: Carbon concentration of the branch wood sample (Field type: numeric trait)</li></ul></li></ol><p><b>Date range: </b>2014-05-01 to 2018-09-01</p><p><b>Latitudinal extent: </b>4.5000 to 5.0700</p><p><b>Longitudinal extent: </b>116.7500 to 117.8200</p><p><b>Taxonomic coverage: </b><br> All taxon names are validated against the GBIF backbone taxonomy. If a dataset uses a synonym, the accepted usage is shown followed by the dataset usage in brackets. Taxa that cannot be validated, including new species and other unknown taxa, morphospecies, functional groups and taxonomic levels not used in the GBIF backbone are shown in square brackets.</p><div> -  Plantae <br> -  -  Tracheophyta <br> -  -  -  Magnoliopsida <br> -  -  -  -  Rosales <br> -  -  -  -  -  Moraceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Antiaris</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Antiaris toxicaria</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Artocarpus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Artocarpus anisophyllus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Artocarpus glaucus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Artocarpus integer</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Artocarpus odoratissimus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Artocarpus tamaran</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ficus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ficus hispida</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ficus septica</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ficus uncinata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ficus variegata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Cannabaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Gironniera</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Gironniera nervosa</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Trema</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Trema orientalis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Rosaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Prunus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Prunus javanica</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pygeum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pygeum beccarii</i> (as synonym: <i>Prunus beccarii</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  -  Urticaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dendrocnide</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dendrocnide elliptica</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Lamiales <br> -  -  -  -  -  Oleaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chionanthus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chionanthus macrocarpus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chionanthus pluriflorus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Lamiaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Callicarpa</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Callicarpa pentandra</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Fabales <br> -  -  -  -  -  Fabaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Sindora</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Sindora</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cynometra</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cynometra mirabilis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Fordia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Fordia brachybotrys</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Fordia splendidissima</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Crudia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Crudia reticulata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Crudia tenuipes</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dialium</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dialium indum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dialium kunstleri</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Archidendron</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Archidendron clypearia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Polygalaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Xanthophyllum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Xanthophyllum flavescens</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Magnoliales <br> -  -  -  -  -  Annonaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cyathocalyx</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Monoon</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Phaeanthus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Phaeanthus splendens</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Stelechocarpus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Stelechocarpus cauliflorus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pseuduvaria</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pseuduvaria borneensis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Xylopia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Xylopia ferruginea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Xylopia stenopetala</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Neo-uvaria</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Neo-uvaria acuminatissima</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Miliusa</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Miliusa macropoda</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Orophea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Orophea myriantha</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Polyalthia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Polyalthia obliqua</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Maasia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Maasia sumatrana</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Maasia sumatrana</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Magnoliaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Magnolia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Magnolia borneensis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Magnolia liliifera</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Magnolia tsiampacca</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Myristicaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Knema</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Knema glauca</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Knema latifolia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Knema laurina</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Knema oblongata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Myristica</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Myristica smythiesii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Horsfieldia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Horsfieldia crassifolia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Myrtales <br> -  -  -  -  -  Combretaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Terminalia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Terminalia citrina</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Terminalia foetidissima</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Lythraceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Duabanga</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Duabanga moluccana</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Myrtaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium caudatilimbum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium chloranthum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium elopurae</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium grande</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium griffithii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium kunstleri</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium panzeri</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium pustulatum</i> (as synonym: <i>Syzygium perpuncticulatum</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium racemosum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium rheophyticum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium caudatilimbum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium chloranthum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium elopurae</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium grande</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium griffithii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium kunstleri</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium panzeri</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium pustulatum</i> (as synonym: <i>Syzygium perpuncticulatum</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium racemosum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium rheophyticum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium caudatilimbum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium chloranthum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium elopurae</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium grande</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium griffithii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium kunstleri</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium panzeri</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium pustulatum</i> (as synonym: <i>Syzygium perpuncticulatum</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium racemosum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium rheophyticum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Tristaniopsis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Tristaniopsis whiteana</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Asterales <br> -  -  -  -  -  Asteraceae <br> -  -  -  -  Laurales <br> -  -  -  -  -  Lauraceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Actinodaphne</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Beilschmiedia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Beilschmiedia micrantha</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Beilschmiedia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Beilschmiedia micrantha</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Litsea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Litsea accedens</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Litsea angulata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Litsea caulocarpa</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Litsea garciae</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Litsea grandis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Litsea cordata</i> (as synonym: <i>Litsea mappacea</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Litsea rubiginosa</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Caryodaphnopsis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Caryodaphnopsis tonkinensis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Nothaphoebe</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Nothaphoebe umbelliflora</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lindera</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lindera lucida</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Phoebe</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Phoebe grandis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dehaasia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dehaasia caesia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dehaasia incrassata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cryptocarya</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cryptocarya nigra</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cryptocarya nitens</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Eusideroxylon</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Eusideroxylon zwageri</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Malvales <br> -  -  -  -  -  Dipterocarpaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea almon</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea angustifolia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea argentifolia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea beccariana</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea faguetiana</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea fallax</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea gibbosa</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea guiso</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea johorensis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea laevis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea leprosula</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea leptoderma</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea macrophylla</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea macroptera</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea ovalis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea ovata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea parvifolia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea parvistipulata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea pauciflora</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea superba</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea symingtonii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea xanthophylla</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea almon</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea angustifolia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea argentifolia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea beccariana</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea faguetiana</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea fallax</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea gibbosa</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea guiso</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea johorensis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea laevis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea leprosula</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea leptoderma</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea macrophylla</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea macroptera</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea ovalis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea ovata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea parvifolia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea parvistipulata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea pauciflora</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea superba</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea symingtonii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea xanthophylla</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dipterocarpus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dipterocarpus caudiferus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Hopea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Hopea plagata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Hopea sangal</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Parashorea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Parashorea malaanonan</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Parashorea smythiesii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Parashorea warburgii</i> (as synonym: <i>Parashorea tomentella</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dryobalanops</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dryobalanops lanceolata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Vatica</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Vatica dulitensis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Vatica odorata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Thymelaeaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Aquilaria</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Aquilaria beccariana</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Malvaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Sterculia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Sterculia rubiginosa</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Sterculia stipulata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Heritiera</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Heritiera elata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Microcos</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Microcos crassifolia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pterygota</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pterygota alata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Durio</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Durio graveolens</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Boschia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Boschia grandiflora</i> (as synonym: <i>Durio grandiflorus</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pentace</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pentace borneensis</i> (as synonym: <i>Pentace laxiflora</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  Celastrales <br> -  -  -  -  -  Celastraceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lophopetalum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lophopetalum beccarianum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lophopetalum glabrum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lophopetalum javanicum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Ericales <br> -  -  -  -  -  Sapotaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Payena</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Payena acuminata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Palaquium</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Palaquium dasyphyllum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Palaquium obovatum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Palaquium sericeum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Madhuca</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Madhuca dubardii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Madhuca korthalsii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Primulaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ardisia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ardisia macrophylla</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Symplocaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Symplocos</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Symplocos fasciculata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Pentaphylacaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Adinandra</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Adinandra dumosa</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Ebenaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Diospyros</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Diospyros andamanica</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Diospyros curranii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Diospyros daemona</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Diospyros dictyoneura</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Diospyros macrophylla</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Diospyros muricata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Diospyros toposia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Diospyros tuberculata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Diospyros pilosanthera</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Lecythidaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Planchonia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Planchonia brevistipitata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Barringtonia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Barringtonia lanceolata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Barringtonia macrostachya</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Barringtonia sarcostachys</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Theaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pyrenaria</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pyrenaria tawauensis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Fagales <br> -  -  -  -  -  Fagaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lithocarpus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lithocarpus blumeanus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lithocarpus echinifer</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lithocarpus gracilis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lithocarpus leptogyne</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lithocarpus sundaicus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lithocarpus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lithocarpus blumeanus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lithocarpus echinifer</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lithocarpus gracilis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lithocarpus leptogyne</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lithocarpus sundaicus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Trigonobalanus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Trigonobalanus verticillata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Castanopsis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Castanopsis hypophoenicea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Quercus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Quercus argentata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Quercus lowii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Quercus merrillii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Santalales <br> -  -  -  -  -  Strombosiaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Scorodocarpus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Scorodocarpus borneensis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Coulaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ochanostachys</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ochanostachys amentacea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Malpighiales <br> -  -  -  -  -  Chrysobalanaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Atuna</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Atuna racemosa</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Licania</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Licania splendens</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Phyllanthaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Antidesma</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Aporosa</i> (as synonym: <i>Aporusa</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cleistanthus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cleistanthus hirsutulus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cleistanthus hylandii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cleistanthus oblongifolius</i> (as synonym: <i>Cleistanthus myrianthus</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cleistanthus paxii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cleistanthus pubens</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cleistanthus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cleistanthus hirsutulus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cleistanthus hylandii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cleistanthus oblongifolius</i> (as synonym: <i>Cleistanthus myrianthus</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cleistanthus paxii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cleistanthus pubens</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Glochidion</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Glochidion borneensis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Phyllanthus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Phyllanthus lutescens</i> (as synonym: <i>Glochidion lutescens</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Phyllanthus ruber</i> (as synonym: <i>Glochidion rubrum</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Baccaurea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Baccaurea lanceolata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Baccaurea macrocarpa</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Baccaurea tetrandra</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Baccaurea pubera</i> (as synonym: <i>Baccaurea latifolia</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  -  Calophyllaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Mesua</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Mesua oblongifolia</i> (as synonym: <i>Kayea oblongifolia</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Mesua borneensis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Mesua macrantha</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Calophyllum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Calophyllum soulattri</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Calophyllum woodii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Clusiaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Garcinia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Garcinia benthamiana</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Garcinia forbesii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Garcinia nervosa</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Garcinia parvifolia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Salicaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Flacourtia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Flacourtia rukam</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Homalium</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Homalium foetidum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Putranjivaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Drypetes</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Drypetes longifolia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Irvingiaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Irvingia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Irvingia malayana</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Achariaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Hydnocarpus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Hydnocarpus woodii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Hydnocarpus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Hydnocarpus woodii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ryparosa</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ryparosa acuminata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Euphorbiaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Spathiostemon</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Macaranga</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Macaranga conifera</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Macaranga gigantea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Macaranga hypoleuca</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Macaranga pearsonii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Macaranga winkleri</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Blumeodendron</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Blumeodendron kurzii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Blumeodendron tokbrai</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ptychopyxis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ptychopyxis arborea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Mallotus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Mallotus leucodermis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Mallotus miquelianus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Mallotus mollissimus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Mallotus wrayi</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Hancea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Hancea penangensis</i> (as synonym: <i>Mallotus penangensis</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Neoscortechinia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Neoscortechinia kingii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Neoscortechinia philippinensis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Centroplacaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Bhesa</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Bhesa indica</i> (as synonym: <i>Bhesa paniculata</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  Cornales <br> -  -  -  -  -  Nyssaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Mastixia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Mastixia trichotoma</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Cornaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Alangium</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Alangium javanicum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Gentianales <br> -  -  -  -  -  Rubiaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Neolamarckia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Neolamarckia cadamba</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Neonauclea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Neonauclea gigantea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Psydrax</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Psydrax dicoccos</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Nauclea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Nauclea officinalis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Nauclea subdita</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Urophyllum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Urophyllum polyneurum</i> (as synonym: <i>Pleiocarpidia polyneura</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ludekia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ludekia borneensis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Apocynaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Alstonia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Alstonia angustiloba</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Oxalidales <br> -  -  -  -  -  Elaeocarpaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Sloanea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Sloanea javanica</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Elaeocarpus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Elaeocarpus floribundus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Elaeocarpus pedunculatus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Elaeocarpus stipularis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Sapindales <br> -  -  -  -  -  Burseraceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Canarium</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Canarium decumanum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Canarium denticulatum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Canarium odontophyllum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Canarium pilosum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Santiria</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Santiria laevigata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dacryodes</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dacryodes rostrata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dacryodes rugosa</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Rutaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Melicope</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Melicope confusa</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Anacardiaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Melanochyla</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Melanochyla bullata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Melanochyla tomentosa</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Parishia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Parishia insignis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Gluta</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Gluta aptera</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Gluta wallichii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Mangifera</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Mangifera odorata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Meliaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chisocheton</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chisocheton ceramicus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chisocheton macranthus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chisocheton patens</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chisocheton</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chisocheton ceramicus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chisocheton macranthus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chisocheton patens</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dysoxylum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dysoxylum cyrtobotryum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dysoxylum densiflorum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Aglaia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Aglaia crassinervia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Aglaia leptantha</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Aglaia macrocarpa</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Aglaia odoratissima</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Aglaia oligophylla</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Aglaia silvestris</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Aglaia tomentosa</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Aphanamixis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Aphanamixis polystachya</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Reinwardtiodendron</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Reinwardtiodendron humile</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Walsura</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Walsura pinnata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lansium</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lansium domesticum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Sapindaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Nephelium</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Nephelium cuspidatum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pometia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pometia pinnata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dimocarpus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dimocarpus longan</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Tristiropsis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Tristiropsis acutangula</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Paranephelium</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Paranephelium macrophyllum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Paranephelium xestophyllum</i> <br></div><p></p>
Data from: Old-growth forests buffer climate-sensitive bird populations from warming
Aim: Habitat loss and climate change constitute two of the greatest threats to biodiversity worldwide, and theory predicts that these factors may act synergistically to affect population trajectories. Recent evidence indicates that structurally complex old-growth forest can be cooler than other forest types during spring and summer months, thereby offering potential to buffer populations from negative effects of warming. Old growth may also have higher food and nest-site availability for certain species, which could have disproportionate fitness benefits as species approach their thermal limits. Location: Pacific Northwestern United States. Methods: We predicted that negative effects of climate change on 30-year population trends of old-growth-associated birds should be dampened in landscapes with high proportions of old-growth forest. We modelled population trends from Breeding Bird Survey data for 13 species as a function of temperature change and proportion old-growth forest. Results: We found a significant negative effect of summer warming on only two species. However, in both of these species, this relationship between warming and population decline was not only reduced but reversed, in old-growth-dominated landscapes. Across all 13 species, evidence for a buffering effect of old-growth forest increased with the degree to which species were negatively influenced by summer warming. Main conclusions: These findings suggest that old-growth forests may buffer the negative effects of climate change for those species that are most sensitive to temperature increases. Our study highlights a mechanism whereby management strategies to curb degradation and loss of old-growth forests—in addition to protecting habitat—could enhance biodiversity persistence in the face of climate warming.
Two decades of annual landscape-scale tree growth and dynamics in old-growth tropical rainforest in the CARBONO Project, La Selva Biological Station, 1997-2018
<p>Here we present the complete data series from a 21-yr study of the annual growth and dynamics of trees, palms and lianas in the old-growth tropical rainforest at the La Selva Biological Station in Costa Rica. These observations were part of the CARBONO Project, a multidisciplinary team study of forest carbon cycling. The project was designed to assess forest processes at the landscape scale by sampling with replication across the within-landscape edaphic heterogeneity typical of tropical forests. Through more than two decades, forest growth and dynamics were assessed annually. The annual time-step used in the CARBONO Project effectively captured forest responses to major disturbances and to interannual and climatic variation. Annual measurements also enhanced the accuracy and long-term consistency of the data. To our knowledge, the resulting records are unique for tropical forests, where the dominant approach to studying the dynamics of a given forest has been to use a single plot and multi-year inter-census intervals. To date these CARBONO Project data have revealed: multi-decadal forest stability in spite of the short-term changes in forest structure resulting from major natural disturbances (e.g., the 1997-1998 Strong El Niño, and the extreme windstorm of May 2018); the dynamics and importance of large trees; and the responses of a major component of ecosystem productivity, aboveground wood production, to interannual and long-term climatic and atmospheric change. These data have also contributed to many remote-sensing studies.</p> <p>The data set consists of annual observations through the period 1997–2018 of the floristics, survival, recruitment, and growth of all woody stems (diameter <u>></u> 10 cm) in a landscape-scale plot network. At completion of the study, the data spanned 6705 individuals and 21 years. The data set is complete and has been through extensive internal checks for quality assurance. Detailed data documentation and an emphasis on measurement repeatability were prioritized through the study. The metadata include an extensive README file describing the data files and the methods, a document detailing the data management and qa/qc, and the scanned original field data-sheets for the 22 annual censuses.</p> <p>We gratefully acknowledge the careful long-term field work and data entry and checking by paraforesters Leonel Campos Otoya and William Miranda Conejo. Logistical support and the long-term protection of the La Selva reserve were provided by the Organization for Tropical Studies. The Ministerio de Ambiente y Energía of Costa Rica granted permits to carry out this study through the years of the study (most recently: Resolución No. 037-2018-ACCVC-PI).</p>
Anatomical wood traits of tree species in old-growth and selectively logged forest
<b>Description: </b><p>Traits matrix of wood anatomical characteristics for tree species in selectively logged forest at SAFE and in old-growth forest in Danum Valley and Maliau Basin. Sampled during the BALI project traits campaign</p><p><b>Project: </b>This dataset was collected as part of the following SAFE research project: <a href="https://www.safeproject.net/projects/project_view/55"><b>Biodiversity and land-use impacts on tropical ecosystem function (BALI): Quantifying functional trait distributions across the disturbance gradient</b></a></p><p><b>Funding: </b>These data were collected as part of research funded by: </p><ul><li>NERC (Standard grant, NE/K016253/1)</li></ul><p>This dataset is released under the CC-BY 4.0 licence, requiring that you cite the dataset in any outputs, but has the additional condition that you acknowledge the contribution of these funders in any outputs.</p><p></p><p><b>Permits: </b>These data were collected under permit from the following authorities:</p><ul><li>Sabah Biodiversity Centre (Research licence JKM/MBS.1000-2.2(385))</li></ul><p></p><p><b>XML metadata: </b>GEMINI compliant metadata for this dataset is available <a href="https://www.safeproject.net/datasets/xml_metadata?id=5513918">here</a></p><p><b>Files: </b>This consists of 1 file: Both_wood_anatomical_traits_complete_dataset.xlsx</p><p><b>Both_wood_anatomical_traits_complete_dataset.xlsx</b></p><p>This file contains dataset metadata and 1 data tables:</p><ol><li><p><b>Wood_anatomical_traits</b> (described in worksheet Wood_anatomical_traits)</p><p>Description: Traits matrix of wood anatomical characteristics for tree species in selectively logged forest at SAFE and in old-growth forest in Danum Valley and Maliau Basin. Sampled during the BALI project traits campaign</p><p>Number of fields: 18</p><p>Number of data rows: 596</p><p>Fields: </p><ul><li><b>location</b>: Location (Field type: location)</li><li><b>forest_type</b>: Forest type: OG: old-growth plots, Maliau and Danum; SL: selectively logged plots at SAFE (Field type: categorical)</li><li><b>forestplots_name</b>: Plot name coherent with forestplots database (Field type: id)</li><li><b>plot_name_trait_campaign</b>: Plot name used during the BALI trait campaign (Field type: id)</li><li><b>sample_code</b>: Sample code referencing: plot-'T'(ree) ID-branch type (Field type: id)</li><li><b>branch_type</b>: Binary classification of branch sampled depending on their position in the tree crown. BS: sun branch; BSH: shade branch (Field type: id)</li><li><b>sampling_date</b>: Date of sampling (Field type: date)</li><li><b>tree_id</b>: Reference for tree tag label (Field type: id)</li><li><b>species</b>: Tree species (Field type: taxa)</li><li><b>Wedge.area.micron2</b>: Area of wedge from microtome slice used for analysis. (Field type: numeric trait)</li><li><b>No.vessel.wedge</b>: Count of vessels in the respective wedge area. (Field type: numeric trait)</li><li><b>Vessel.diameter.micron</b>: Mean vessel diameter. Vessel diameter is determined as the mean of the maximum and minimum (lumen) diameters. (Field type: numeric trait)</li><li><b>Median.vessel.diameter.micron</b>: The middle value of the vessel diameter data set. (Field type: numeric trait)</li><li><b>Hydraulically.weighted.diameter.micron</b>: Hydraulically weighted mean diameter. Calculated as (∑ diameter^5) / (∑ diameter^4). (Field type: numeric trait)</li><li><b>Vessel.area.micron2</b>: Mean vessel area. Vessel area is determined by the average cross-sectional area of all vessel lumens (excluding vessel walls) in the wedge-shaped transect of the branch wood cross-section. (Field type: numeric trait)</li><li><b>Median.vessel.area.micron2</b>: The middle value of the vessel area data set. (Field type: numeric trait)</li><li><b>Vessel.lumen.tot.area</b>: Total area of the vessel lumens in the wedge-shaped transect of the branch wood cross-section. (Field type: numeric trait)</li><li><b>vessel.lumen.f.wedge</b>: Vessel lumen fraction. From the vessel areas and transect areas, vessel lumen fraction is calculated as the fraction of transect area filled by vessel lumens. (Field type: numeric trait)</li></ul></li></ol><p><b>Date range: </b>2014-05-01 to 2018-09-01</p><p><b>Latitudinal extent: </b>4.5000 to 5.0700</p><p><b>Longitudinal extent: </b>116.7500 to 117.8200</p><p><b>Taxonomic coverage: </b><br> All taxon names are validated against the GBIF backbone taxonomy. If a dataset uses a synonym, the accepted usage is shown followed by the dataset usage in brackets. Taxa that cannot be validated, including new species and other unknown taxa, morphospecies, functional groups and taxonomic levels not used in the GBIF backbone are shown in square brackets.</p><div> -  Plantae <br> -  -  Tracheophyta <br> -  -  -  Magnoliopsida <br> -  -  -  -  Malpighiales <br> -  -  -  -  -  Chrysobalanaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Licania</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Licania splendens</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Hypericaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cratoxylum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Irvingiaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Irvingia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Irvingia malayana</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Centroplacaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Bhesa</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Bhesa indica</i> (as synonym: <i>Bhesa paniculata</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  -  Clusiaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Garcinia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Garcinia benthamiana</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Garcinia forbesii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Garcinia parvifolia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Salicaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Homalium</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Homalium foetidum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Putranjivaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Drypetes</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Drypetes longifolia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Achariaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Hydnocarpus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ryparosa</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ryparosa acuminata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Euphorbiaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Spathiostemon</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Hancea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Hancea penangensis</i> (as synonym: <i>Mallotus penangensis</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Neoscortechinia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Neoscortechinia kingii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Neoscortechinia philippinensis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Mallotus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Mallotus leucodermis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Mallotus miquelianus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Mallotus mollissimus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Mallotus wrayi</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ptychopyxis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ptychopyxis arborea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Macaranga</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Macaranga conifera</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Macaranga gigantea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Macaranga hypoleuca</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Macaranga pearsonii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Macaranga winkleri</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Blumeodendron</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Blumeodendron kurzii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Blumeodendron tokbrai</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Phyllanthaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Aporosa</i> (as synonym: <i>Aporusa</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cleistanthus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cleistanthus hirsutulus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cleistanthus hylandii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cleistanthus oblongifolius</i> (as synonym: <i>Cleistanthus myrianthus</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Glochidion</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Phyllanthus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Phyllanthus lutescens</i> (as synonym: <i>Glochidion lutescens</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Phyllanthus ruber</i> (as synonym: <i>Glochidion rubrum</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Baccaurea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Baccaurea lanceolata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Baccaurea macrocarpa</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Baccaurea tetrandra</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Calophyllaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Mesua</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Mesua oblongifolia</i> (as synonym: <i>Kayea oblongifolia</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Mesua macrantha</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Calophyllum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Calophyllum soulattri</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Malvales <br> -  -  -  -  -  Malvaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Heritiera</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Heritiera elata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pterygota</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pterygota alata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pentace</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pentace borneensis</i> (as synonym: <i>Pentace laxiflora</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Sterculia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Sterculia stipulata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Microcos</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Microcos crassifolia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Scaphium</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Scaphium macropodum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Boschia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Boschia grandiflora</i> (as synonym: <i>Durio grandiflorus</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Durio</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Durio graveolens</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Dipterocarpaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea almon</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea angustifolia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea argentifolia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea beccariana</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea faguetiana</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea falciferoides</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea fallax</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea gibbosa</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea guiso</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea johorensis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea leprosula</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea leptoderma</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea macrophylla</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea macroptera</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea ovalis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea ovata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea parviflora</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea parvifolia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea parvistipulata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea pauciflora</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea pinanga</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea superba</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea symingtonii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea xanthophylla</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea almon</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea angustifolia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea argentifolia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea beccariana</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea faguetiana</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea falciferoides</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea fallax</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea gibbosa</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea guiso</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea johorensis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea leprosula</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea leptoderma</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea macrophylla</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea macroptera</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea ovalis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea ovata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea parviflora</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea parvifolia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea parvistipulata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea pauciflora</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea pinanga</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea superba</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea symingtonii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea xanthophylla</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Vatica</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Vatica dulitensis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Vatica odorata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Hopea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Hopea plagata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Hopea sangal</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dipterocarpus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dipterocarpus caudiferus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dryobalanops</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dryobalanops lanceolata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Parashorea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Parashorea malaanonan</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Parashorea smythiesii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Parashorea warburgii</i> (as synonym: <i>Parashorea tomentella</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  -  Thymelaeaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Aquilaria</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Aquilaria beccariana</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Celastrales <br> -  -  -  -  -  Celastraceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lophopetalum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lophopetalum beccarianum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lophopetalum javanicum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Santalales <br> -  -  -  -  -  Coulaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ochanostachys</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ochanostachys amentacea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Fagales <br> -  -  -  -  -  Fagaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lithocarpus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lithocarpus blumeanus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lithocarpus conocarpus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lithocarpus echinifer</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lithocarpus gracilis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lithocarpus leptogyne</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lithocarpus sundaicus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lithocarpus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lithocarpus blumeanus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lithocarpus conocarpus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lithocarpus echinifer</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lithocarpus gracilis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lithocarpus leptogyne</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lithocarpus sundaicus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Quercus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Quercus argentata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Quercus lowii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Quercus merrillii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Trigonobalanus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Trigonobalanus verticillata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Castanopsis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Castanopsis hypophoenicea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Lamiales <br> -  -  -  -  -  Lamiaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Callicarpa</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Callicarpa pentandra</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Oleaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chionanthus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chionanthus macrocarpus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chionanthus pluriflorus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Rosales <br> -  -  -  -  -  Urticaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dendrocnide</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dendrocnide elliptica</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Rosaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Prunus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Prunus javanica</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pygeum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pygeum beccarii</i> (as synonym: <i>Prunus beccarii</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  -  Moraceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ficus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ficus hispida</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ficus septica</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ficus uncinata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ficus variegata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Antiaris</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Antiaris toxicaria</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Artocarpus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Artocarpus anisophyllus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Artocarpus glaucus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Artocarpus integer</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Artocarpus odoratissimus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Artocarpus tamaran</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Cannabaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Trema</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Trema orientalis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Cornales <br> -  -  -  -  -  Nyssaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Mastixia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Mastixia trichotoma</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Cornaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Alangium</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Alangium javanicum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Gentianales <br> -  -  -  -  -  Apocynaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Alstonia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Alstonia angustiloba</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Rubiaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Neonauclea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Neonauclea gigantea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ludekia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ludekia borneensis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Psydrax</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Psydrax dicoccos</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Urophyllum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Urophyllum polyneurum</i> (as synonym: <i>Pleiocarpidia polyneura</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Neolamarckia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Neolamarckia cadamba</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Nauclea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Nauclea subdita</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Fabales <br> -  -  -  -  -  Fabaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Sindora</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Crudia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Crudia reticulata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Fordia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Fordia brachybotrys</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Fordia splendidissima</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dialium</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dialium indum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dialium kunstleri</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Archidendron</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Archidendron clypearia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cynometra</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cynometra mirabilis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Sapindales <br> -  -  -  -  -  Meliaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chisocheton</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chisocheton ceramicus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chisocheton macranthus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chisocheton patens</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dysoxylum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dysoxylum cyrtobotryum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dysoxylum densiflorum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Aphanamixis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Aphanamixis polystachya</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lansium</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lansium domesticum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Aglaia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Aglaia crassinervia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Aglaia leptantha</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Aglaia macrocarpa</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Aglaia odoratissima</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Aglaia oligophylla</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Aglaia silvestris</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Aglaia tomentosa</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Sapindaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Nephelium</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Paranephelium</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Paranephelium macrophyllum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Paranephelium xestophyllum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dimocarpus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dimocarpus longan</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Tristiropsis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Tristiropsis acutangula</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pometia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pometia pinnata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Burseraceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Santiria</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Santiria laevigata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Canarium</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Canarium decumanum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Canarium denticulatum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Canarium odontophyllum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Canarium pilosum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dacryodes</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dacryodes rostrata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dacryodes rugosa</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Rutaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Melicope</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Melicope confusa</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Anacardiaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Mangifera</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Mangifera odorata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Parishia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Parishia insignis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Gluta</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Gluta aptera</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Gluta wallichii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Melanochyla</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Melanochyla bullata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Melanochyla tomentosa</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Laurales <br> -  -  -  -  -  Lauraceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Actinodaphne</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Beilschmiedia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Beilschmiedia micrantha</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Phoebe</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Phoebe grandis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Litsea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Litsea accedens</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Litsea angulata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Litsea caulocarpa</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Litsea garciae</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Litsea grandis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Litsea cordata</i> (as synonym: <i>Litsea mappacea</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Litsea rubiginosa</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lindera</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lindera lucida</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Eusideroxylon</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Eusideroxylon zwageri</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Nothaphoebe</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Nothaphoebe umbelliflora</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cryptocarya</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cryptocarya nigra</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cryptocarya nitens</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Caryodaphnopsis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Caryodaphnopsis tonkinensis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dehaasia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dehaasia caesia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dehaasia incrassata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Magnoliales <br> -  -  -  -  -  Annonaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cyathocalyx</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Monoon</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Polyalthia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Polyalthia obliqua</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Sageraea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Sageraea elliptica</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Miliusa</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Miliusa macropoda</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Stelechocarpus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Stelechocarpus cauliflorus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Xylopia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Xylopia ferruginea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Xylopia stenopetala</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Phaeanthus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Phaeanthus splendens</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Maasia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Maasia sumatrana</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Neo-uvaria</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Neo-uvaria acuminatissima</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Orophea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Orophea myriantha</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pseuduvaria</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pseuduvaria borneensis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Magnoliaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Magnolia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Magnolia borneensis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Magnolia liliifera</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Magnolia tsiampacca</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Myristicaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Knema</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Knema glauca</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Knema latifolia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Knema laurina</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Knema oblongata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Myristica</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Myristica smythiesii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Horsfieldia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Horsfieldia crassifolia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Ericales <br> -  -  -  -  -  Primulaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ardisia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ardisia macrophylla</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Lecythidaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Planchonia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Planchonia brevistipitata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Barringtonia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Barringtonia lanceolata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Barringtonia macrostachya</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Barringtonia sarcostachys</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Symplocaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Symplocos</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Symplocos fasciculata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Ebenaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Diospyros</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Diospyros andamanica</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Diospyros curranii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Diospyros daemona</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Diospyros dictyoneura</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Diospyros macrophylla</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Diospyros muricata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Diospyros tuberculata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Diospyros pilosanthera</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Theaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pyrenaria</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pyrenaria tawauensis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Pentaphylacaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Adinandra</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Adinandra dumosa</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Sapotaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Payena</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Payena acuminata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Madhuca</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Madhuca dubardii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Madhuca korthalsii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Palaquium</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Palaquium dasyphyllum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Palaquium sericeum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Oxalidales <br> -  -  -  -  -  Elaeocarpaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Elaeocarpus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Elaeocarpus floribundus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Elaeocarpus pedunculatus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Elaeocarpus stipularis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Sloanea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Sloanea javanica</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Myrtales <br> -  -  -  -  -  Melastomataceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Memecylon</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Memecylon oleifolium</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Combretaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Terminalia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Terminalia citrina</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Terminalia foetidissima</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Myrtaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium chloranthum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium elopurae</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium grande</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium griffithii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium kunstleri</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium lineatum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium panzeri</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium pustulatum</i> (as synonym: <i>Syzygium perpuncticulatum</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium racemosum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium rheophyticum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium chloranthum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium elopurae</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium grande</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium griffithii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium kunstleri</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium lineatum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium panzeri</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium pustulatum</i> (as synonym: <i>Syzygium perpuncticulatum</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium racemosum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium rheophyticum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium chloranthum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium elopurae</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium grande</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium griffithii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium kunstleri</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium lineatum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium panzeri</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium pustulatum</i> (as synonym: <i>Syzygium perpuncticulatum</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium racemosum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium rheophyticum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Lythraceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Duabanga</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Duabanga moluccana</i> <br></div><p></p>
Two decades of annual landscape-scale tree growth and dynamics in old-growth tropical rainforest in the CARBONO Project, La Selva Biological Station, 1997-2018
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Species-specific water-use characteristics of trees in old-growth and secondary tropical forests of Thailand
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Data from: Diversity effects and compensatory dynamics drive productivity and stability in temperate old-growth forests
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Data from: Old-growth forests buffer climate-sensitive bird populations from warming
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Three-dimensional stratification pattern in an old-growth lowland forest: how does height in canopy and season influence temperate bat activity?
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Data: Interactive effects of drought and edge exposure on old-growth forest understory species
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Data from: Forest loss and treeless matrices cause the functional impoverishment of sapling communities in old-growth forest patches across tropical regions
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Data from: Potential trajectories of old-growth Neotropical forest functional composition under climate change
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Data from: Positive spatial and temporal density-dependence drive early reproductive economy-of-scale effects of masting in a European old-growth forest community
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Highly-replicated soil, topography and vegetation sampling across an old-growth tropical rain forest landscape
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Data from: Tree recruitment failure in old-growth forest patches across human-modified rainforests
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Total, foliar, and reproductive fine litter production for up to 38 years for four old-growth forests in central Panama
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Soil organic carbon accumulation modes between pioneer and old-growth forest ecosystems
<p>1. Increasing evidence suggests that high biomass and litterfall do not necessarily bring about soil organic carbon (SOC) sinks, contrary to the assumption that higher litterfall implies higher SOC when designing carbon models. The underlying mechanism is related to the quality of litter. 2. We conducted 15 years (2000–2015) of consecutive field measurements of δ13C values in SOC and plants in a pioneer forest (Pinus massoniana forest, PF) and an old-growth forest (monsoon evergreen broadleaved forest, BF), using an isotope mixing model based on mass balance to quantify the effects of vegetation on SOC stock and soil characteristics. 3. The carbon to nitrogen (C/N) ratio of litter in BF was lower than that in PF. The proportion of organic carbon yield input to the soil (Cinput) to the total litter carbon loss during decomposition was 38.7 ± 3.3% and 28.0 ± 2.1% in BF and PF, respectively. New carbon input was higher in BF (148.7 ± 8.8 g C m−2 yr−1) than PF (99.7 ± 4.5 g C m−2 yr−1), though there was a non-significant difference in annual litterfall between the two forests. Moreover, the Cinput was concentrated in the topsoil layer in PF but distributed in a more dispersed state across the whole soil profile in BF. Consequently, only the δ13C values of SOC decreased in the topsoil layer of PF, whereas these decreased at both soil depths in BF from 2000 to 2015. 4. Compared with PF, BF exhibited higher carbon input and a more favourable soil environment for carbon storage. It was the amount of intermediate product (i.e., Cinput) of litter decomposition, not the amount of litterfall itself, that drove the contrasting differences in SOC status. 5. Synthesis and applications. Litter quality controls SOC accumulation by regulating the fate of decomposing litter, which may explain why old-growth forests can sustainably accumulate carbon in soil. This finding questions the carbon models that predict the dependence of SOC accumulation on biomass and litter yield and suggests that litter quality should be valued in future carbon cycling models.30-Jul-2020</p>
Data from: Fine-root exploitation strategies differ in tropical old-growth and logged-over forests in Ghana
Understanding the changes in root exploitation strategies during post-logging recovery is important for predicting forest productivity and carbon dynamics in tropical forests. We sampled fine (diameter < 2 mm) roots using the soil-core method to quantify fine-root biomass, and architectural and morphological traits to determine root exploitation strategies in an old-growth forest and in a 54-year-old logged-over forest influenced by similar parent material and climate. Seven root traits were considered: four associated with resource exploitation potential or an 'extensive' strategy (fine-root biomass, length, surface area and volume); and three traits which reflect exploitation efficiency or an 'intensive' strategy (specific root area, specific root length and root tissue density). We found that total fine-root biomass, length, surface area, volume, and fine-root tissue density were higher in the logged-over forest, whereas the old-growth forest had higher total specific root length and specific root surface area than the logged-over forest. The results suggest different root exploitation strategies between the forests. Plants in the old-growth forest invest root biomass more efficiently to maximize soil volume explored, whereas plants in the logged-over forest increase the spatial distribution of roots resulting in the expansion of the rhizosphere.
Data from: Topsoil removal through scarification improves natural regeneration in high-graded Nothofagus old-growth forests
1.High grading by removing the majority of trees with superior timber quality has led to loss of productivity and biodiversity in forests. Typically, after high grading, little attention is given to tree regeneration. Thus, undesirable understory vegetation often dominates for a long time, leading to stagnation in forest recovery and so-called arrested succession. In such settings, managing understory vegetation using topsoil removal through scarification has been proposed as a restoration tool to encourage tree regeneration. 2.We investigated the effectiveness of topsoil removal as a restoration technique in high-graded Nothofagus old-growth forests in the Chilean Andes. In these forests, high grading often leads to understories being dominated by dense thickets of native bamboo, Chusquea culeou. These understory conditions typically delay succession by preventing tree regeneration. 3.T-tests were used to compare vegetation development in areas with topsoil removal against those without. Non-parametric multiplicative regression (NPMR) was used to investigate which environmental variables were mainly related to regeneration of different plant groups (short and long-lived early and late-seral tree species) and C. culeou abundance in areas with and without topsoil removal. 4.Topsoil removal improved the regeneration of early-seral tree species and constrained C. culeou. In areas without topsoil scarification, higher abundances of C. culeou were reflected in a higher transmitted radiation and litter cover. In these areas, the presence of early-seral tree species was related to higher soil water content and transmitted radiation. However, topsoil removal altered these response patterns for early-seral trees. For instance, the interaction between higher soil water content and more exposed mineral soil was reflected in a higher likelihood of finding early-seral tree seedlings. 5.Synthesis and applications. Topsoil removal was a successful restoration tool for overcoming arrested succession in Nothofagus old-growth forests in the Chilean Andes by encouraging the regeneration of early-seral trees in high-graded forests. Contrasting environmental conditions of pre- and post-topsoil removal allowed insights into the processes and mechanisms responsible for forests with arrested succession and for succession progression. This understanding provides guidance regarding the range of conditions under which topsoil removal can be used as a successful restoration practice.
FIGURE 1 in Ongoing invasions of old-growth tropical forests: establishment of three incestuous beetle species in southern Central America (Curculionidae: Scolytinae)
FIGURE 1. Invasive Asian xyleborine ambrosia beetles in Central American forests. (a–c) Xylosandrus crassiusculus: the shape (a), size (2.2–2.5 mm), and dull declivity with dense long setae and dense, scattered granules (c) are characteristic. (d) Xyleborinus exiguus: note the plain, convex declivity with a distinctive border of large teeth at the apex. (e–h) Euwallacea fornicatus: arrow (g) indicates suture on the posterior face of the antennal club (upper antenna in figure shows anterior face).
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.