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69 results for “plant diversification”
Why are there so many flowering plants? A multi-scale analysis of plant diversification
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Data from: Host plant associations and geography interact to shape diversification in a specialist insect herbivore
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Data from: Shifts in diversification rates and host jump frequencies shaped the diversity of host range among Sclerotiniaceae fungal plant pathogens
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Data from: Sympatric diversification vs. immigration: deciphering host-plant specialization in a polyphagous insect, the stolbur phytoplasma vector Hyalesthes obsoletus (Cixiidae)
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Species complex diversification by host plant use in an herbivorous insect: The source of Puerto Rican cactus mealybug pest and implications for biological control
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What drives diversification in a pantropical plant lineage with extraordinary capacity for long-distance dispersal and colonisation?
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The contribution of the edaphic factor as a driver of recent plant diversification in a Mediterranean biodiversity hotspot
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Data from: Biogeographic barriers drive co-diversification within associated eukaryotes of the Sarracenia alata pitcher plant system
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Data from: Mutualism with plants drives primate diversification
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Food plant shifts drive the diversification of Sack-bearer moths
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Data from: Diversification and phylogeographic structure in widespread Azteca plant-ants from the northern Neotropics
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Data from: Unravelling the role of host plant expansion in the diversification of a Neotropical butterfly genus
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Mitochondrial genes from eighteen angiosperms fill sampling gaps for phylogenomic inferences of the early diversification of flowering plants
<p class="Default"><span>The early diversification of angiosperms is a rapid yet complicated process and thus it renders the phylogenetic analyses of early-diverging angiosperms much difficulty. Plastid and nuclear phylogenomic studies have raised several controversial hypotheses regarding the angiosperm phylogeny, whereas mitochondrial genomes have been largely ignored. In this study, we newly sequenced mitochondrial genomes from 18 angiosperms to fill the sampling gaps in magnoliids, Austrobaileyales, Chloranthales, Ceratophyllales, and early-diverging lineages of eudicots and monocots. A data matrix of 38 mitochondrial genes from 107 taxa was assembled to address this question. Although conflicting phylogenies were recovered in this study from different datasets and analytical methods, congruence was achieved regarding the deep relationships of several major angiosperm lineages: Chloranthales always groups with Ceratophyllales, Austrobaileyales is sister to mesangiosperms, and a previously unplaced clade—Dilleniales—is consistently resolved as a sister to superasterids. Substitutional saturation, GC compositional heterogeneity, and codon-usage bias are suggested as common reasons for the noisy signals that impact phylogenetic reconstructions, and angiosperm mitochondrial genes seem to hardly suffer from these factors. In addition, the 3<sup>rd</sup> codon positions of the mitochondrial genes contained more phylogenetic signals than the 1<sup>st</sup> and 2<sup>nd</sup> codon positions, which might be responsible for the incongruent results recovered among different datasets. Due to the rapid radiation process, the relationships among these early lineages are not well resolved. Nevertheless, this study based on mitochondrial genomes provides additional evidence and alternative hypotheses for the early evolution and diversification of angiosperms.</span></p>
Data from: Testing for ecological limitation of diversification: a case study using parasitic plants
Imbalances in phylogenetic diversity could be the result of variable unbounded diversification rates, differing limits on diversity, or a combination of the two. We propose an approach to distinguish between rates and limits as the primary cause of phylogenetic imbalance, using parasitic plants as a model. With sister-taxon comparisons, we show that parasitic plant lineages are typically much less diverse than their autotrophic sisters. We then use age estimates for taxa used in the sister-taxon comparisons to test for correlations between clade age and diversity. We find that parasitic plant diversity is not significantly correlated with the age of the lineage, whereas there is a strong positive correlation between the age and diversity of autotrophic sister lineages. The Ericaceae sister-pair Monotropoideae (parasitic) and Arbutoideae (autotrophic) are sufficiently well samples at the species level to allow more parametric comparisons of diversification patterns. Model-fitting for this group supports ecological limitation in Monotropoideae and unconstrained diversification in Arbutoideae. Thus, differences in diversity between parasitic plants and their autotrophic sisters might be caused by a mixture of ecological limitation and unbounded diversification. A combination of sister-taxon comparisons of diversity and age, coupled with model-fitting of well-sampled phylogenies of focal taxa, provides a powerful test of likely causes of asymmetry in the diversity of lineages.
Data from: Both temperature fluctuations and East Asian monsoons have driven plant diversification in the karst ecosystems from southern China
Karst ecosystems in southern China are species-rich and have high levels of endemism, yet little is known regarding the evolutionary processes responsible for the origin and diversification of karst biodiversity. The genus Primulina (Gesneriaceae) comprises ca. 170 species endemic to southern China with high levels of ecological (edaphic) specialization, providing an exceptional model to study the plant diversification in karsts. We used molecular data from nine chloroplast and 11 nuclear regions and macroevolutionary analyses to assess the origin and cause of species diversification due to paleoenvironmental changes and edaphic specialization in Primulina. We found that speciation was positively associated with changes in past temperatures and East Asian monsoons through the evolutionary history of Primulina. Climatic change around the mid-Miocene triggered an early burst followed by a slowdown of diversification rate towards the present with the climate cooling. We detected different speciation rates among edaphic types, and transitions among soil types were infrequently and did not impact the overall speciation rate. Our findings suggest that both global temperature changes and East Asian monsoons have played crucial roles in floristic diversification within the karst ecosystems in southern China, such that speciation was higher when climate was warmer and wetter. This is the first study to directly demonstrate that past monsoon activity is positively correlated with speciation rate in East Asia. This case study could motivate further investigations to assess the impacts of past environmental changes on the origin and diversification of biodiversity in global karst ecosystems, most of which are under threat.
Data from: Habitat diversification associated with urban development has a little effect on genetic structure in the annual native plant Commelina communis in an East Asian megacity
<p>Basic statistics for each population and genetic and landscape data between populations.</p>
Figure 1 from: Kissling WD (2017) Has frugivory influenced the macroecology and diversification of a tropical keystone plant family? Research Ideas and Outcomes 3: e14944. https://doi.org/10.3897/rio.3.e14944
Figure 1 - Global functional trait distributions of palms (n = 2469) and frugivorous consumers (n = 3835, incl. birds and mammals), showing large-scale co-variation between (a) palm fruit size (length in cm) and (b) consumer body size (mass in kg). Symbols are plotted for the mass centroids of geographic units ('botanical countries', TDWG level 3 units) and represent mean values across all species in a given unit. Values are calculated across a total of 29,032 species-level occurrences (5,218 for palms, 23,814 for consumers).
Figure 2 from: Kissling WD (2017) Has frugivory influenced the macroecology and diversification of a tropical keystone plant family? Research Ideas and Outcomes 3: e14944. https://doi.org/10.3897/rio.3.e14944
Figure 2 - Global diversification of palms. Branches are coloured by mean diversification rates across the time-calibrated generic-level phylogeny of palms estimated using Bayesian Analysis of Macroevolutionary Mixtures (BAMM).
Data from: Do latex and resin canals spur plant diversification? re-examining a classic example of escape and radiate coevolution
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Data from: Sequestration and biosynthesis of cyanogenic glucosides in passion vine butterflies and consequences for the diversification of their host plants
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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