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159 results for “pollination interactions”

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dryad36/100

Flower color and flowering phenology mediate plant-pollinator interaction assembly in a diverse co-flowering community

Uncovering the role of competition and facilitation in community assembly is central for developing a predictive understanding of the forces that organize biodiversity. Standard trait-based approaches however rely on detection of only one assembly mechanism (competition or facilitation) along a single trait even though pollinator-mediated plant-plant interactions can be structured along multiple phenotypic, phenological and ecological traits. We evaluated plant species distribution along multiple phenotypic and ecological traits (flower color, flowering time, pollinator sharing) and described an entire co-flowering community as a set of modules with unique patterns of assembly, to test predictions regarding the relative contribution of competition and facilitation to the assembly of a diverse co-flowering community. We show a modular pattern of flower color assembly. Flower color modules differ in their spectral reflectance patterns including color hue and saturation. Within modules, however, species are differentially assembled along phenological and ecological traits (pollinator sharing) depending on the main pollinator group visiting plant species within each module. Results suggest different trait assembly patterns within individual trait-modules in the same co-flowering community and that different trait-patterns can result from the same type of ecological interaction. This study reveals empirical evidence of community assembly along multiple axes of trait differentiation and raises caution when interpreting assembly patterns based on a single trait.

opencc-zeroJul 2022View details →

dryad36/100

Landscape simplification leads to loss of plant-pollinator interaction diversity and flower visitation frequency despite buffering by abundant generalist pollinators

Global change, especially landscape simplification, is a main driver of species loss that can alter ecological interaction networks, with potentially severe consequences to ecosystem functions. Therefore, understanding how landscape simplification affects the rate of loss of plant-pollinator interaction diversity (i.e., number of unique interactions) compared to species diversity alone, and the role of persisting abundant pollinators, is key to assess the consequences of landscape simplification on network stability and pollination services. We analysed 24 landscape-scale plant-pollinator networks from standardised transect walks along landscape simplification gradients in three countries. We compared the rates of species and interaction diversity loss along the landscape simplification gradient and then stepwise excluded the top 1-20% most abundant pollinators from the data set to evaluate their effect on interaction diversity, network robustness to secondary loss of species, and flower visitation frequencies in simplified landscapes. Interaction diversity was not more vulnerable than species diversity to landscape simplification, with pollinator and interaction diversity showing similar rates of erosion with landscape simplification. We found that 20% of both species and interactions are lost with an increase of arable crop cover from 30 to 80% in a landscape. The decrease in interaction diversity was partially buffered by persistent abundant generalist pollinators in simplified landscapes, which were nested subsets of pollinator communities in complex landscapes, while plants showed a high turnover in interactions across landscapes. The top 5% most abundant pollinator species also contributed to network robustness against secondary species loss, but could not prevent flowers from a loss of visits in simplified landscapes. Although persistent abundant pollinators buffered the decrease in interaction diversity in simplified landscapes and stabilised network robustness, flower visitation frequency was reduced, emphasising potentially severe consequences of further ongoing land-use change for pollination services.

opencc-zeroApr 2024View details →

zenodo36/100

The golden threat: Solidago invasion alters native plant-pollinator interactions through vegetative structures

This folder includes all files that were used for the article entitled "The golden threat: Solidago invasion alters native plant-pollinator interactions through vegetative structures". It includes: a README file, the input data for the two research question (Q1 and Q2), the RData of the respective fitted models, the PDF of the main text and sup. mat. figues, and the Rscript to reproduce them.

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2024View details →

zenodo36/100

Data from: Spatiotemporal variation in the role of floral traits in shaping tropical plant-pollinator interactions

Supplementary datasets for Klomberg et al. 2021 Spatiotemporal variation in the role of floral traits in shaping tropical plant-pollinator interactions. Ecology Letters. All related information can be found in the cited paper. When using the dataset for anything, cite the Klomberg et al. paper. For additional information, refer to the paper or write to robert.tropek@gmail.com

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2021View details →

dryad36/100

High species turnover and unique plant–pollinator interactions make a hyperdiverse mountain

1. We studied α- and β-diversity of pollinators, flowering plants, and plant–pollinator interactions along the altitudinal gradient of Mt. Olympus, a legendary mountain and biodiversity hotspot in Central Greece. 2. We explored ten study sites located on the north-eastern slope of the mountain, from 327 to 2,596 m a.s.l. Insect surveys were conducted once a month using hand netting (years 2013, 2014, and 2016), and they were combined with recordings of flowering plant diversity (species richness and flower cover). We then calculated α- and β-diversity of pollinators, plants in flower, and plant–pollinator interactions, and explored their demographic response along the altitudinal gradient. 3. Alpha‐diversity of pollinators, plants, and plant–pollinator interactions were altitude-dependent; α‐diversity of all pollinators, bees, non-bumblebee bees, bee flies, and butterflies showed linear declines with altitude, whereas those of hoverflies and bumblebees showed unimodal patterns. Beta-diversity and its turnover component of all pollinators, hoverflies, bees, bumblebees, non-bumblebee bees, butterflies, and plants showed linear increases, whereas those of bee flies and of plant–pollinator interactions varied independently from the pairwise altitudinal difference. 4. The high dissimilarity and uniqueness of pollination networks, which is probably a result of the high biodiversity and endemism of Mt. Olympus, is driven by species turnover and the formation of new interactions between new species. Contrasting to the monotonic decline of the remaining groups, the unimodal patterns of hoverfly and bumblebee α‐diversity are probably the effect of a higher tolerance of these groups to high-altitude environmental conditions. Our findings highlight that the high turnover of species and of pollination interactions along the altitudinal gradient is the mainstay of hyperdiverse mountains, a fact that conveys important historical, ecological, and conservational implications.

opencc-zeroFeb 2023View details →

dryad36/100

Data from: Scale-dependent effects of landscape structure on pollinator traits, species interactions and pollination success

Data: Plant-pollinator interactions, pollinator body size (inter-tegular distance, ITD) and plant reproductive success (number of seeds produced). Data collected by Christie J. Webber. Data collected in 14 experimental flowering plant patches during December 2012–February 2013. Patches were located in a 105 hectare sheep farm pasture in Oxford, North Canterbury, New Zealand (43°19'21"S 172°12'25"E). Files: <ul> <li>Data_S1: contains plant-pollinator interactions sampled and pollinator inter-tegular distance (ITD). Data_S1 columns: patch ID where the interaction was recorded, plant species, pollinator ITD (mm), and pollinator family, genus and species.</li> <li>Data_S2: contains the number of seeds produced by each of the five flowers of each plant individual from each plant species on each patch. Data_S2 columns: patch ID where the measurement was taken, plant species, plant number (individual sampled), number of seeds.</li> </ul> Dataset used in "Scale-dependent effects of landscape structure on pollinator traits, species interactions and pollination success" by G. Peralta, C.J. Webber, G.L.W. Perry, D.B. Stouffer, D.P. Vázquez and J.M. Tylianakis.

opencc-zeroFeb 2023View details →

dryad36/100

Data from: Components of local adaptation and divergence in pollination efficacy in a coevolving species interaction

Selection leading to adaptation to interactions may generate rapid evolutionary feedbacks and drive diversification of species interactions. The challenge is to understand how the many traits of interacting species combine to shape local adaptation in ways directly or indirectly resulting in diversification. We used the well-studied interactions between Lithophragma plants (Saxifragaceae) and Greya moths (Prodoxidae) to evaluate how plants and moths together contribute to local divergence in pollination efficacy. Specifically, we studied L. bolanderi and its two specialized Greya moth pollinators in two contrasting environments in the Sierra Nevada, California. Both moths pollinate L. bolanderi during nectaring, and one of them – G. politella – also while ovipositing through the floral corolla into the ovary. Firstly, field surveys of floral visitors and the presence of G. politella eggs and larvae in developing capsules showed that one population is visited only by G. politella and few other pollinators, whereas the other is visited by both Greya species and other pollinators. Secondly, L. bolanderi in these two natural populations differed in several floral traits putatively important for pollination efficacy. Thirdly, laboratory experiments with greenhouse-grown plants and field-collected moths showed that L. bolanderi is more efficiently pollinated by local compared to non-local nectaring moths of both species. Pollination efficacy of ovipositing G. politella was also higher for local moths for the L. bolanderi population that relies more heavily on this species in nature. Finally, time-lapse photography in the laboratory showed that G. politella from different populations differ in oviposition behavior, suggesting the potential for local adaptation also among Greya populations. Collectively, our results are a rare example of components of local adaptation contributing to divergence in pollination efficiency in a coevolving interaction and, thus, provide insights into how geographic mosaics of coevolution may lead to coevolutionary diversification in species interactions.

opencc-zeroMar 2023View details →

dryad36/100

Data for: Honey bees (Apis mellifera) modify plant-pollinator network structure, but do not alter wild species' interactions

Honey bees (Apis mellifera) are widely used for honey production and crop pollination, raising concern for wild pollinators, as honey bees may compete with wild pollinators for floral resources. The first sign of competition, before changes appear in wild pollinator abundance or diversity, may be changes to wild pollinator interactions with plants. Such changes for a community can be measured by looking at changes to metrics of resource use overlap in plant-pollinator interaction networks. Studies of honey bee effects on plant-pollinator networks have usually not distinguished whether honey bees alter wild pollinator interactions, or if they merely alter total network structure by adding their own interactions. To test this question, we experimentally introduced honey bees to a Canadian grassland and measured plant-pollinator interactions at varying distances from the introduced hives. We found that honey bees increased the network metrics of pollinator and plant functional complementarity and decreased interaction evenness. However, in networks constructed from just wild pollinator interactions, honey bee abundance did not affect any of the metrics calculated. Thus, all network structural changes to the full network (including honey bee interactions) were due only to honey bee-plant interactions, and not to honey bees causing changes in wild pollinator-plant interactions. Given widespread and increasing use of honey bees, it is important to establish whether they affect wild pollinator communities. Our results suggest that honey bees did not alter wild pollinator foraging patterns in this system, even in a year that was drier than the 20-year average.

opencc-zeroJun 2023View details →

dryad36/100

Dataset: Plant-mediated effects of fire and fragmentation drive plant–pollinator interaction β-diversity in fire-dependent pine savannas

Interaction β-diversity is a measure essential for understanding and conserving species interactions and ecosystem functioning. Interaction β-diversity explains the variation in species interactions across spatial and temporal gradients, resulting from species turnover or interaction rewiring. Each component of interaction β-diversity has different ecological implications and practical consequences. While interaction β-diversity due to species turnover is related to assembly processes and fragmentation, rewiring can support high biodiversity and confer resilience to ecological networks. However, it is unclear whether both components respond to the same or different ecological drivers. Here, we assessed the ecological drivers of plant–pollinator interaction β-diversity and its components across 24 sites in 9 longleaf pine (LLP) savannas in north and central Florida. We evaluated the effects of flowering plant composition and flower abundance, vegetation, fire regime, soil moisture, terrain characteristics, climate, spatial context and geographic location. We used path analysis to evaluate the drivers of spatial interaction β-diversity and its main components. We then used generalized linear mixed models to assess the temporal patterns of spatial β-diversity among sites within preserves. We found that plant–pollinator networks in LLP savannas are highly variable across space and time, mainly due to species turnover and possibly in response to abiotic gradients and dispersal boundaries. Flower abundance and flowering plant composition, geographic location, fire seasonality, soil moisture, and landscape context were the main drivers of plant–pollinator β-diversity, highlighting the role of fire management and habitat connectivity in preserving plant–pollinator networks.

opencc-zeroOct 2023View details →

dryad36/100