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418 results for “prefrontal cortex”
Spatial Dissection of the Distinct Cellular Responses to Normal Aging and Alzheimer's Disease in Human Prefrontal Cortex at Single-Nucleus Resolution
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Memory reactivation in rat medial prefrontal cortex occurs in a subtype of cortical UP state during slow-wave sleep
Interaction between hippocampal sharp-wave ripples (SWRs) and UP states, possibly by coordinated reactivation of memory traces, is conjectured to play an important role in memory consolidation. Recently, it was reported that SWRs were differentiated into multiple subtypes. However, whether cortical UP states can also be classified into subtypes is not known. Here, we analysed neural ensemble activity from the medial prefrontal cortex from rats trained to run a spatial sequence-memory task. Application of the hidden Markov model (HMM) with three states to epochs of UP–DOWN oscillations identified DOWN states and two subtypes of UP state (UP-1 and UP-2). The two UP subtypes were distinguished by differences in duration, with UP-1 having a longer duration than UP-2, as well as differences in the speed of population vector (PV) decorrelation, with UP-1 decorrelating more slowly than UP-2. Reactivation of recent memory sequences predominantly occurred in UP-2. Short-duration reactivating UP states were dominated by UP-2 whereas long-duration ones exhibit transitions from UP-1 to UP-2. Thus, recent memory reactivation, if it occurred within long-duration UP states, typically was preceded by a period of slow PV evolution not related to recent experience, and which we speculate may be related to previously encoded information. If that is the case, then the transition from UP-1 to UP-2 subtypes may help gradual integration of recent experience with pre-existing cortical memories by interleaving the two in the same UP state. This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue 'Memory reactivation: replaying events past, present and future'.
Data from: The role of ventromedial prefrontal cortex in reward valuation and future thinking during intertemporal choice
<p>The paper investigates the effect of reward magnitude and episodic future thinking (EFT) cues on delay discounting (DD) in 12 patients with lesions to the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC patients) and 41 healthy controls. In the Standard condition, participants viewed pairs of monetary amounts (of different magnitude) and were asked to make hypothetical choices between smaller-immediate rewards and larger rewards available after a delay. In the EFT condition, participants imagined personal events to occur at the delays associated with the larger-delayed rewards. We found that DD was steeper in vmPFC patients compared to controls, and not modulated by reward magnitude. However, EFT cues reduced DD in vmPFC patients as well as controls. </p> <p>This dataset reports individual and group data on the subjective value of small and large rewards at the different task delays, the resulting area under the curve (AuC), and the number of inconsistent choices during DD. </p> <p>A summary of the relevant variables and variable legenda is reported on the README file. </p>
Data from: Parallel cognitive processing streams in human prefrontal cortex: parsing areal-level brain network for response inhibition
<p>Multiple cognitive processes are recruited to achieve adaptive behavior. However, it is poorly understood how such cognitive processes are implemented in temporal cascades of human cerebral cortical areas as processing streams to achieve behavior. In the present study, we identify cortical processing streams for response inhibition and examine relationships among the processing streams. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and time-resolved single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) reveal three distinct critical timings of transient disruption in the functionally essential cortical areas that belong to two distinct cerebrocortical networks. Furthermore, single-pulse TMS following suppression of the ventral posterior inferior frontal cortex (vpIFC) with repetitive TMS reveals information flow from the vpIFC to the presupplementary motor area (preSMA) within the same network but not to the dorsal posterior inferior frontal cortex (dpIFC) across different networks. These causal behavioral effects suggest two parallel processing streams (vpIFC-preSMA versus dpIFC-intraparietal sulcus) that act concurrently during response inhibition.</p>
Single-nucleus RNA-sequencing reveals oligodendrocytes and their progenitors as vulnerable cell types in prefrontal cortex and anterior cingulate of brains with Parkinson's disease
<p>Several prior studies have proposed the involvement of various brain regions and cell types in Parkinson's disease (PD) pathology. Here, we performed snRNA-seq on the prefrontal cortex and anterior cingulate regions from post-mortem control and PD brain tissue. We found a dramatic association of oligodendrocytes and oligodendrocyte precursor cells with PD-linked risk loci and reported several dysregulated genes and pathways, including regulation of tau-protein kinase activity, regulation of inclusion body assembly and protein processing involved in protein targeting to mitochondria.</p>
Non-invasive Intermittent Theta Burst Stimulation of the Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex in People With Functional Movement Disorders
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03263013. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 3.
Multicenter Comparative Study of the Activity of the Medial Prefrontal Cortex in Vulnerability to Depression
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02171923. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Non-invasive Intermittent Theta Burst Stimulation of the Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex in Functional Movement Disorders
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05155059. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Dorsomedial Prefrontal Cortex in Borderline Personality Disorder
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03832777. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Probing Prefrontal Cortex Hemodynamic Alterations for Major Depression Disorder
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03595020. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 1. Publications: 3.
Test of A Model of Representational Knowledge Stored in the Human Prefrontal Cortex
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00024908. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 3.
Efficacy of Intermittent ThetaBurst Stimulation Compared to 10 Hz Stimulation on Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex in Treatment Resistant Major Depressive Disorder: a Double-blind Randomized Study
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02376491. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Effect of Stimulation of the Prefrontal Cortex on Language Production in Aphasic Patients
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02840370. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 5.
Disorder-tailored Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) of the Prefrontal Cortex
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02715128. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 1. Publications: 10.
Prefrontal Cortex Dynamics of the Elderly During a Cognitive Stimulation Programme
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04693611. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 13.
The Role of Primary Motor Cortex and Prefrontal Cortex for Facilitation of Motor System and Working Memory
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02006615. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 3.
Dorsomedial Prefrontal Cortex and the Antidepressant Efficacy of Theta Burst Stimulation in Depressed Patients
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04037592. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Effect of rTMS of the Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex on Language Production in Healthy Participants
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02840396. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 5.
Noninvasive Neuromodulation of the Prefrontal Cortex in Subjects With Obesity
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02953353. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 2. Publications: 10.
Data from: Parallel cognitive processing streams in human prefrontal cortex: parsing areal-level brain network for response inhibition
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.