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126 results for “resistance to invasion”
Nutrient enrichment undermines invasion resistance to Spartina alterniflora in a saltmarsh: Insights from modern coexistence theory
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Species identity and diversity effects on invasion resistance of tropical freshwater plant communities
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Direct and indirect effects of native plants and herbivores on biotic resistance to alien aquatic plant invasions
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Native plant species are more resistant than invasive aliens to escalating environmental change factors
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The soil bacterium Lysobacter capsici attaches to the nematode surface, and triggers induced systemic resistance in barley, impairing the invasion of root-lesion nematodes
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Wild herbivores enhance resistance to invasion by exotic cacti in an African savanna
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Trophic rewilding revives biotic resistance to shrub invasion
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Data from: Multivariate selection mediated by aridity predicts divergence of drought resistant traits along natural aridity gradients of an invasive weed
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CSR strategy shifts under biotic resistance and grazing drive invasion success of <em>Solanum rostratum</em> in northern China
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Data from: Chemical novelty facilitates herbivore resistance and biological invasions in some introduced plant species
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The role of body size and cuticular hydrocarbons in the desiccation resistance of invasive Argentine ants (Linepithema humile)
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Data from: Biotic resistance to tropical ornamental invasion
We examined invasive, casual (found occasionally outside cultivation) and non-invasive (found only in cultivation) species to investigate the role of species traits and two forms of biotic resistance (plant neighbours and herbivores) in limiting invasion in Hawaiian lowlands. Seeds of 21 species of common woody ornamentals from three plant families (Acanthaceae, Apocynaceae, Bignoniaceae) that are non-invasive, casual or invasive in Hawai'i were outplanted at two field sites. We measured germination of seeds and growth and survival of seedlings for one year in plots with and without neighbours from the naturally-assembled community. The presence of neighbours reduced survival in some species, mostly non-invasive or casual species and completely excluded two non-invasive species from community plots. Damage from the existing community of herbivores was correlated with lower survival in the Acanthaceae and Bignoniaceae, but not the Apocynaceae. Non-invasive and casual species had lower survival and growth rates than invasive species and lower photosynthetic rates in the presence of neighbours than invasive species. Non-invasives without neighbours also had lower specific leaf area than invasives and casuals. We found evidence for barriers to invasion in some non-invasive and casual species, including low growth rate, low survival, or low survival in the presence of neighbours. By contrast, five of the six invasives flowered and three began setting fruit within the duration of the experiment, as did one of the casual species. Synthesis: Our research demonstrates biotic resistance, presumably as a result of competition. Neighbouring plants reduced survival and growth for most species. For non-invasive species with low survival and growth even without competition from neighbouring plants, this resulted in complete exclusion from community plots or such low growth rates that exclusion over longer time frames was likely. We also provide evidence for traits-based barriers to invasion in non-invasive and casual species. However, no single barrier to invasion was shared across all non-invasive and casual species.
Disentangling the role of environmental filtering and biotic resistance on alien invasions in a reservoir area
<p>Data from: Disentangling the role of environmental filtering and biotic resistance on alien invasions in a reservoir area</p>
Higher order metabolic interactions in resistance to Clostridioides difficile invasion
<p>This dataset contains relative metabolite concentrations in human fecal and synthetic bacterial cumminities grown using a minibioreactor array. The synthetic and fecal microbiota communities were treated with antibiotics and Clostridiodes difficile to determine the role of microbiota in excluding C. difficile and the metabolites invovled in the pathogen exclusion</p>
Data & code from: Simulated invasion suggests rapid evolution of biotic resistance to a range-shifting competitor
<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p> <p>Variable climate-change-driven range shifts will likely create novel species interactions. Most research has focused on how these interactions may impact expansion rates and adaptation of species on the move (range-shifting invaders). However, slower-moving (resident) species could also adapt to novel competitors. Here we construct populations of eight duckweed genotypes (<em>Lemna minor</em> = resident) from various localities near and beyond the range edge of a potential range-shifting competitor, <em>S. polyrhiza</em> (invader), and invade them with one genotype of <em>S. polyrhiza</em>. Following a 14-week invasion, we observed significant rapid evolution and phenotypic plasticity in the resident. Selection favoured genotypes with faster growth and smaller root-to-frond-area ratios. These changes led to slight reductions in invasibility, indicating weakly increased biotic resistance. This suggests that range-shifting species, even at low densities, may drive evolution, plasticity, and evolution of biotic resistance in resident competitors, which could feed back to influence the range expansion of the invader.</p> <p><strong>Methods</strong></p> <p>This dataset repository contains the analysis scripts/ R markdown files and collected data from "Simulated invasion suggests rapid evolution of biotic resistance to a range-shifting competitor" by Emma Menchions and Amy Angert. The collected data includes frond counts for <em>L. minor</em> and <em>S. polyrhiza </em>in the experimental populations, images (experimental populations and sampled rafts), as well as measurements on frond area, root length, and the number of fronds per raft on duckweed rafts sampled from experimental and control populations. </p> <p><strong>Usage notes</strong></p> <p>See the README files in the repository. </p> <p> </p>
Data from: Evolution of starvation resistance in an invasive insect species, Aethina tumida (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae)
<p>Starvation resistance, or the ability to survive periods without food, can shed light on selection pressure imposed by food scarcity, including chances to invade new regions as a result of human transport. Surprisingly little information is known about starvation resistance for invasive insect species. Given that native and invasive populations differ in starvation resistance, this would suggest different selection scenarios and adaptive shifts fostering invasion success. Here, we show striking differences in starvation resistance of adult small hive beetles Aethina tumida (SHB) between native and invasive populations. In the laboratory, starvation resistance of freshly-emerged laboratory-reared and field-collected adult females and males was evaluated in the beetle's native African range and in their invasive North American range. SHB in their native African range survived longer than SHB in their invasive North American range. Across ranges, females survived longer than males. Field-collected SHB survived in Africa longer than freshly-emerged ones, but not in the invasive range. This suggests no selection for starvation resistance in the invasive range, possibly due to differences between African and European-derived honey bee hosts facilitating a tradeoff scenario between reproduction and starvation resistance. The ability of adult females to survive up to two months without food appears to be one factor contributing to the invasion success of this species. Assuming food availability is usually high in the invasive ranges, and trade-offs between starvation resistance and fecundity/reproduction are common, it seems as if selection for starvation resistance during transport could set up potential trade-offs that enhance reproduction after invasion. It would be interesting to see if this is a possible general pattern for invasive insect species.</p>
Rapid evolutionary tradeoffs between resistance to herbivory and tolerance to abiotic stress in an invasive plant
<p>The datatset was collected from field survey, common garden experiments and lab experiments. All data analyses were performed in R 4.1.3 (R Development Core Team 2021) and SPSS 20.0 (IBM SPSS, Somers, NY, USA). The effects of re-association history (infested vs. uninfested; 0-, 9-, 13-, 17-year-reassociation) on insect bioassays (i.e., development time, weight, pepsin and trypsin enzyme activity of <em>O. communa</em>), plant assays including biomass ratio, MDA change rate and antioxidant capacity (DPPH and ABTS), and leaf chemical assays (concentrations of tannin, lignin, CGA, two individual flavonol derivates, nitrogen and carbon) were estimated using general linear mixed models (LMMs) in R, with reassociation history as a fixed factor and population (nested within reassociation history) as a random factor. For all these data, we also separately assessed correlations with the duration of re-association with the specialist natural enemy (the number of re-association years, i.e., 0, 9, 13, 17) at the individual level using Spearman correlation assays in SPSS 20.0. To analyze the correlation between insect traits (i.e., development time, weight, pepsin and trypsin enzyme activity of <em>O. communa</em>) and leaf defensive chemicals (i.e., tannin and lignin), we calculated the mean value of each index at the population level for each of the four re-association durations and used Pearson correlation assays in SPSS 20.0. The same procedure was followed for analyzing the correlation between drought stress tolerance and concentrations of leaf antioxidant chemicals. In addition, for the widely targeted metabolic data, principal component analysis (PCA) was performed using R to visualize the sample distributions.</p>
Timing of invasive species removal influences nonnative biotic resistance and trajectories of community reassembly
<p><span>As biological invasions increasingly threaten biodiversity, the removal of invasive nonnative species emerges as a possibility to recover the structure and function of native communities. Yet, we have limited knowledge of how communities assemble after nonnative removals. Since most ecosystems are invaded by multiple nonnative species, the impact of their removal likely depends on the interactions among nonnative species which, in turn, are contingent on the environmental context in which they occur. </span></p> <p><span>We evaluated the community assembly after the targeted removal of two highly invasive shrubs, Sweetbriar rose (<em>Rosa</em> <em>rubiginosa</em>) and Scotch broom (<em>Cytisus</em> <em>scoparius</em>). The removal was performed at two different times in the growing season (early or late removal) in field and mesocosm communities. In search of general patterns across species, we modeled species responses as a function of their origin (i.e., native / nonnative) and functional traits. </span></p> <p><span>We found evidence for negative and asymmetric interactions between dominant invasive species that translated into changes in the abundances of the rest of the species in the community. Depending on the identity of the removed species, the removal of invasive species affected community assembly by promoting other nonnative species or hindering the performance of native species. These effects were modulated by the timing of removal and did not depend on leaf or seed traits.</span></p> <p><span><em>Synthesis</em>: Accounting for nonnative interactions and their temporal dependency should </span><span>improve our inferences about assembly processes and the effectiveness of nonnative </span><span>removal </span><span>aimed at reduci</span><span>ng the accumulation of nonnatives.</span><span> <br></span></p>
Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation for Medication-Resistant Auditory Hallucinations in Schizophrenia Patients
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02240446. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 4.
Impact of Thermocoagulation During Invasive EEG Monitoring in Children With Focal Drug-resistant Epilepsies
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02886650. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
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OpenNeuro
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