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Figure 3 in A new cryptodire from the Eocene of the Na Duong Basin (northern Vietnam) sheds new light on Pan-Trionychidae from Southeast Asia

Figure 3. Striatochelys baba, GPIT-PV-122867, Na Duong Formation, middle–upper Eocene, Vietnam. Carapace in A, B, dorsal and C, D, ventral views. Abbreviations: alp, anterolateral process; co, costal; dr, dorsal rib; hyo, hyoplastron; hyp, hypoplastron; ne, neural; plp, posterolateral process; tv, thoracic vertebra. Scale bar equals 5 cm.

Figure 1 in A new cryptodire from the Eocene of the Na Duong Basin (northern Vietnam) sheds new light on Pan-Trionychidae from Southeast Asia

Figure 1. Map of northern Southeast Asia, showing the Na Duong Basin in north-east Vietnam and the Maoming Basin in southern China. The map was created using the Generic Mapping Tools program (Wessel et al., 2019).

Figure 2 in A new cryptodire from the Eocene of the Na Duong Basin (northern Vietnam) sheds new light on Pan-Trionychidae from Southeast Asia

Figure 2. Striatochelys baba, holotype, GPIT-PV-112860-1, Na Duong Formation, middle–upper Eocene, Vietnam. Carapace in A, B, dorsal and C, D, ventral views. Abbreviations: co, costal; cp, costiform process; dr, dorsal rib; ne, neural; nu, nuchal; tv, thoracic vertebra; xi, xiphiplastron. Scale bar equals 5 cm.

Figure 5 in A new cryptodire from the Eocene of the Na Duong Basin (northern Vietnam) sheds new light on Pan-Trionychidae from Southeast Asia

Figure 5. Striatochelys baba, Na Duong Formation, middle–upper Eocene, Vietnam. Plastron of holotype (GPIT-PV-112860-2, GPIT-PV-112860-3, GPIT-PV-112860-4, GPIT-PV-112860-5, GPIT-PV-112860-1) in A, B, dorsal and C, D, ventral views. Missing bones are mirrored and faded. Right medial hypoplastron fragment (GPIT-PV-122873) in E, dorsal and F, ventral views. Left xiphiplastron (GPIT-PV-122866) in G, dorsal and H, ventral views. Abbreviations: alp, anterolateral process; amp, anteromedial process; ent, entoplastron; hyo, hyoplastron; hyp, hypoplastron; plp, posterolateral process; xi, xiphiplastron. Scale bars equal A–D, 5 cm; E–H, 1 cm.

Figure 4 in A new cryptodire from the Eocene of the Na Duong Basin (northern Vietnam) sheds new light on Pan-Trionychidae from Southeast Asia

Figure 4. Striatochelys baba, Na Duong Formation, middle–upper Eocene, Vietnam. Carapace of GPIT-PV-122872 in A, dorsal and B, ventral views. Carapace of GPIT-PV-112862 in C, dorsal and D, ventral views. Carapace of GPIT-PV-112861 in E, dorsal and F, ventral views. Carapace of GPIT-PV-122879 in G, dorsal and H, ventral views. Abbreviations: co, costal; dr, dorsal rib; ent, entoplastron; epi, epiplastron; hyo, hyoplastron; hyp, hypoplastron; ne, neural; nu, nuchal; tv, thoracic vertebra. Scale bar equals 1 cm.

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2022View details →

Supplementary files for, 'Developmental morphology and anatomy shed light on both parallel and convergent evolution of the umbellate inflorescence in Monocots, underlied by a new variant of metatopy.'

Supplementary file for forth coming manuscript. Consists of Pre-processed microscopy images, FiJI readable annotated stacks and raw laser ablation tomography video data   File name:  MainFigures.zip  File format: .zip, individual images in .bmp format. Description of data: Picolay output of main figure panels.   File name:  Supplementary_File_1 File format: .MOV (video) Description of data: Movie 1 LAT scan of Butomus umbellatus   File name:  Supplementary_File_2 File format: .AVI (video) Description of data: Three-dimensional reconstruction of Butomus umbellatus inflorescence   File name:  Supplementary_File_3 File format: .MOV (video) Description of data: Movie 3 Three-dimensional reconstruction of Butomus umbellatus vasculature   File name:  Supplementary_File_4 File format: .TIFF (Can be opened in FIJI) Description of data: Butomus umbellatus vasculature composite tiff file   File name:  Supplementary_File_5 File format: .MOV (video) Description of data: LAT scan of Ornithogalum umbellatum   File name:  Supplementary_File_6 File format: .TIFF (Can be opened in FIJI) Description of data: Ornithogalum umbellatum vasculature tiff file (Can be opened in FIJI)   File name: Supplementary_File_7 File format: .MOV (video) Description of data: LAT scan of Allium hollandicum inflorescence

Fig. 6 in Fossil coleoid cephalopod from the Mississippian Bear Gulch Lagerstätte sheds light on early vampyropod evolution

Fig. 6 Bayesian tip-dated FBD (Fossilized Birth-Death) morphological phylogeny of neocoleoid cephalopods, showing the position of Syllipsimopodi bideni gen. et sp. nov. Numbers at nodes indicate posterior probabilities (percentage). Tips dated from the first appearance of the oldest member of the relevant lineage in the fossil record (see "Methods" and Supplementary Information). Showing geological timescale dated using Gradstein et al.2, dates in Ma and colors from International Commission on Stratigraphy; Q = Quaternary (pale yellow). Important taxa highlighted: orange = Belemnoidea, purple = Decabrachia, yellow = Prototeuthidina, green = Loligosepiina, cyan = Vampyromorphida, blue = 'teudopseid' grade, red = Octopoda. Tree does not show revised taxonomic designations: Teudopsis bollensis = Briggsiteuthis bollensis gen. et comb. nov., Teudopsis jeletzkyi = Fuchsiteuthis jeletzkyi gen. et comb. nov., Teudopsis subcostata = Suttoniteuthis subcostata gen. et comb. nov., Glyphiteuthis rhinophora = Justinianiteuthis rhinophora gen. et comb. nov., Glyphiteuthis minor = Fisheriteuthis minor gen. et comb. nov., and Trachyteuthis bacchiai = Edmunditeuthis bacchiai gen. et comb. nov. Tree drawn from MrBayes TRE output file using icytree.org. Source data are provided as a Source data file.

Fig. 2 in Fossil coleoid cephalopod from the Mississippian Bear Gulch Lagerstätte sheds light on early vampyropod evolution

Fig. 2 Idealized drawing of vampyropod gladius (based on Vampyroteuthis). Showing median field, hyperbolar zones, lateral fields, and cone flags, with examples of growth lines. Asymptotes denote borders of hyperbolar zones.

Fig. 3 in Fossil coleoid cephalopod from the Mississippian Bear Gulch Lagerstätte sheds light on early vampyropod evolution

Fig. 3 Syllipsimopodi bideni gen. et sp. nov., holotype ROMIP 64897. a Schematic drawing of Syllipsimopodi bideni gen. et sp. nov.; teal = gladius, orange = head (including arms), brown = buccal apparatus, gray = ink sac, blue = conus, magenta = fin support, patterned yellow = scale-like patches (possible connective tissue remnant). b Increased contrast false color image of Syllipsimopodi, holotype ROMIP 64897. Scale = 1 cm. c Artistic reconstruction showing suckers (created by K. Whalen).

Fig. 5 in Fossil coleoid cephalopod from the Mississippian Bear Gulch Lagerstätte sheds light on early vampyropod evolution

Fig. 5 Overview of coleoid shell evolution, showing our interpretations of the gladius/proostracum. Early coleoids, such as Gordoniconus13, add the primordial rostrum85 and proostracum14; vampyropods lose the phragmocone and primordial rostrum, the proostracum is now a gladius14; belemnoids and early decabrachians lose the body chamber86 and add the rostrum85; oegopsids lose the rostrum, some retain a demineralized primordial rostrum85 and phragmocone71, the proostracum is now a gladius14. Structures only labeled when they appear (solid black line) or are lost (dashed black line). Shell tissues: orange = phragmocone + body chamber (dashed = demineralized), blue = proostracum/gladius, green = primordial rostrum (dashed = demineralized), yellow = rostrum.

Fig. 4 in Fossil coleoid cephalopod from the Mississippian Bear Gulch Lagerstätte sheds light on early vampyropod evolution

Fig. 4 Syllipsimopodi bideni gen. et sp. nov., holotype ROMIP 64897, showing arm crown. a–d Scale = 1 cm. a Complete body fossil. b–d Showing arm crown; c arm traces in blue, purple indicates the arm is overlapping below two other arms, green indicates the arm is overlapping above itself; d red and yellow circles mark individual suckers. e–g scale = 5 mm; closeup of arms showing suckers, select suckers indicated with white arrows.

Fig. 1 in Fossil coleoid cephalopod from the Mississippian Bear Gulch Lagerstätte sheds light on early vampyropod evolution

Fig. 1 Overview of neocoleoid interrelationships and divergence time estimates, showing the position of Syllipsimopodi bideni gen. et sp. nov. Based on our Bayesian tip-dated phylogenetic reconstruction (Fig. 6). Shells color coded: blue = proostracum/gladius (hyperbolar zones and lateral reinforcements in darker blue), orange = phragmocone, green = primordial rostrum, yellow = rostrum. Geologic period abbreviations (colors from International Commission on Stratigraphy): = Cambrian (dark green), O = Ordovician (teal), S = Silurian (light blue), D = Devonian (brown), C = Carboniferous (blue), P = Permian (red orange), TR = Triassic (purple), J = Jurassic (cyan), K = Cretaceous (green), PG = Paleogene (orange), N = Neogene (yellow), unlabeled = Quaternary (pale yellow). Purple arrows indicate named nodes, purple bar indicates teudopseid grade. Artistic depictions created by K. Whalen.

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2022View details →

Collection of literature and extracted features in the field of under-frequency load shedding for the period 1954-2020

The number of publications in the field of UFLS research is rapidly increasing. This confirms that the topic is timely, but due to the amount of publications, it is easy to lose track of the prevailing concepts driving the latest technologies. To overcome this problem, researchers resort to subjective review articles in the literature in which individual authors attempt to systematically categorize UFLS algorithms according to their own understanding of a variety of approaches. Since this is not exactly a trivial task and is undoubtedly subject to personal interpretation, it is better to use specialized mathematical techniques for this purpose. Recently, it has been shown that the use of clustering techniques and graph theory can be a useful tool for systematic literature reviews. If one chooses to search for similarities between UFLS algorithms using such techniques, one must first collect the relevant literature in the field and extract important information. Therefore, this collection provides an Excel spreadsheet (.xlsx) of 381 publications in the field of UFLS protection for the period from 1954 to 2020, with the following information for each publication: <ol> <li>authors,</li> <li>title,</li> <li>year of publication (journal, conference proceedings, doctoral dissertation, master's thesis, bachelor's thesis, other),</li> <li>the source from which we obtained the publication,</li> <li>DOI (Digital Object Identifier),</li> <li>extracted general features, and</li> <li>extracted specific features.</li> </ol> Relevant literature was obtained from various open access journals, impact factor journals, repositories of various universities, and archives of various electric utilities and transmission system operators. If the publication in the row can be assigned to the feature specified in column I3-BJ3, the corresponding cell contains the value "1". Otherwise, i.e., if the feature specified in column I3-BJ3 cannot be assigned to the publication, the cell is empty. Detailed descriptions of the individual feature can be found in "Description_of_features.docx". Namely, two identical documents are available, one in English and one in Slovene. Updated versions with more recent data will be uploaded with a differing version number and doi.

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2020View details →

Shedding Light on Metal-Based Nanoparticles in Zebrafish by Computed Tomography with Micrometer Resolution

Supplementary 3D image stacks of microtomography data. 100 layer xy, xz, and yz image stacks Publication included as PDF file (open access, DOI: 10.1002/smll.202000746) ******************************************** Metal-based nanoparticles are clinically used for diagnostic and therapeutic applications. After parenteral administration, they will distribute throughout different organs. Quantification of their distribution within tissues in the 3D space, however, remains a challenge owing to the small particle diameter. In this study, synchrotron radiation-based hard X-ray tomography (SRμCT) in absorption and phase contrast modes is evaluated for the localization of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) in soft tissues based on their electron density and X-ray attenuation. Biodistribution of SPIONs is studied using zebrafish embryos as a vertebrate screening model. This label-free approach gives rise to an isotropic, 3D, direct space visualization of the entire 2.5 mm-long animal with a spatial resolution of around 2 μm. High resolution image stacks are available on a dedicated internet page (http://zebrafish.pharma-te.ch). X-ray tomography is combined with physico-chemical characterization and cellular uptake studies to confirm the safety and effectiveness of protective SPION coatings. It is demonstrated that SRμCT provides unprecedented insights into the zebrafish embryo anatomy and tissue distribution of label-free metal oxide nanoparticles.

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2022View details →

Fig. 26. Lycosa piochardi Simon, 1876, ten carapace molts shed between 9 Mar. 2018–1 Jun. 2020 in Lycosa Latreille, 1804 (Araneae, Lycosidae) of Israel, with a note on Geolycosa Montgomery, 1904

Fig. 26. Lycosa piochardi Simon, 1876, ten carapace molts shed between 9 Mar. 2018–1 Jun. 2020, by a single specimen (HUJ INV-AR20813) in laboratory conditions. Scale bar = 10 mm. Photo by I. Armiach Steinpress.

opencc-by-4.0Mar 2023View details →

Vortex shedding topology for oscillating heavy spherical pendulums underwater

Relevant data of vortex shedding topology for oscillating heavy spherical pendulums underwater to reproduce the major findings of the article "Dynamics of heavy subaqueous spherical pendulums" published in Journal of Fluid Mechanics. The article has been published as open access: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2023.170">https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0086557</a>

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2024View details →

Supplementary Materials of "Elementary mathematics helps to shed light on the transpiration budget under water stress"

This directory contains the Jupyter notebook used to do complete analysis from our paper "Elementary mathematics sheds light on the transpiration budget under water stress" submitted to the Ecohydrology Journal at the Special Issues "ECOHYDROLOGY OF INLAND AND COASTAL WATERS in honor of Ignacio Rodriguez-Iturbe". These materials are referenced in the main text and supplemental text of the publication. The purpose of this repository is to facilitate replication of our analysis by any interested parties.  Specifically, this directory contains ten files: <ul> <li>From 0 to 5, Jupyter Notebook prepared and used for the analysis (please execute the notebooks in numerical sequence). </li> <li>"Table_S1.xlsx" Data From: Kröber, W., H. Heklau, and H. Bruelheide. 2015. “Leaf Morphology of 40 Evergreen and Deciduous Broadleaved Subtropical Tree Species and Relationships to Functional Ecophysiological Traits.” Plant Biology  17 (2): 373–83. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/plb.12250">https://doi.org/10.1111/plb.12250</a>.</li> <li>"Richards_VG.csv" contains Van Genuchten Parameters for various soils.</li> <li>"The_Rosetta_Stone_of_the_Darcy_Buckingham_law.pdf" addresses the challenge of converting water flux units between Darcy-like soil and plant descriptions, where hydrologists use "head" units (meters) and plant physiologists use pressure potential (MPa). The aim is to clarify and perform the necessary unit conversions, with detailed explanations available in the relevant section on <a href="https://abouthydrology.blogspot.com/2022/10/my-water-management-in-agricolture.html">this webpage</a>.</li> </ul>

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Data from: Stochastic character mapping, Bayesian model selection, and biosynthetic pathways shed new light on the evolution of habitat preference in cyanobacteria

Cyanobacteria are the only prokaryotes to have evolved oxygenic photosynthesis paving the way for complex life. Studying the evolution and ecological niche of cyanobacteria and their ancestors is crucial for understanding the intricate dynamics of biosphere evolution. These organisms frequently deal with environmental stressors such as salinity and drought, and they employ compatible solutes as a mechanism to cope with these challenges. Compatible solutes are small molecules that help maintain cellular osmotic balance in high-salinity environments, such as marine waters. Their production plays a crucial role in salt tolerance, which, in turn, influences habitat preference. Among the five known compatible solutes produced by cyanobacteria (sucrose, trehalose, glucosylglycerol, glucosylglycerate, and glycine betaine), their synthesis varies between individual strains. In this study, we work in a Bayesian stochastic mapping framework, integrating multiple sources of information about compatible solute biosynthesis in order to predict the ancestral habitat preference of Cyanobacteria. Through extensive model selection analyses and statistical tests for correlation, we identify glucosylglycerol and glucosylglycerate as the most significantly correlated with habitat preference, while trehalose exhibits the weakest correlation. Additionally, glucosylglycerol, glucosylglycerate, and glycine betaine show high loss/gain rate ratios, indicating their potential role in adaptability, while sucrose and trehalose are less likely to be lost due to their additional cellular functions. Contrary to previous findings, our analyses predict that the last common ancestor of Cyanobacteria (living at around 3180 Ma) had a 97% probability of a high salinity habitat preference and was likely able to synthesize glucosylglycerol and glucosylglycerate. Nevertheless, cyanobacteria likely colonized low-salinity environments shortly after their origin, with an 89% probability of the first cyanobacterium with low-salinity habitat preference arising prior to the Great Oxygenation Event (2460 Ma). Stochastic mapping analyses provide evidence of cyanobacteria inhabiting early marine habitats, aiding in the interpretation of the geological record. Our age estimate of ~2590 Ma for the divergence of two major cyanobacterial clades (Macro- and Microcyanobacteria) suggests that these were likely significant contributors to primary productivity in marine habitats in the lead-up to the Great Oxygenation Event, and thus played a pivotal role in triggering the sudden increase in atmospheric oxygen.

opencc-zeroMay 2024View details →

opencc-by-4.0May 2024View details →

Disentangling the influence of reservoir abundance and pathogen shedding on zoonotic spillover of the Leptospira agent in urban informal settlements

The following datasets were used to carry out the analyses in "Disentangling the influence of reservoir abundance and pathogen shedding on zoonotic spillover of the Leptospira agent in urban informal settlements".  rat_abundance.csv - dataset for rat abundance model. rat_shedding.csv - dataset for individual rat shedding model. human_infections.csv - dataset for human infections (coordinates and valley removed for anonymity). prediction_grid.csv - prediction dataset. Codebook for repository data.pdf - codebook for the included datasets.