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112 results for “soil CO2”
Soil, litter and vegetation carbon for the 6 simulations performed in CLM5 of "Chemistry-albedo feedbacks offset up to a third of forestation's CO2 removal benef"
<p>Soil, litter and vegetation carbon for the 6 simulations performed in CLM5 (Table S1) of "Chemistry-albedo feedbacks from reforestation reduce climate benefits and crop yields"</p> <p>i.clm5.global_MF_SSP1.h1.2015-2100_zip.nc - SSP126_MF_Land</p> <p>i.clm5.global_SSP1_nolulcc.clm2.h1.2015-2100_zip.nc - SSP126_2015_Land </p> <p>i.clm5.global_SSP1.h1.2015-2100_zip.nc - SSP126_Land</p> <p>i.clm5.global_MF_SSP3.02.h1.2015-2100_zip.nc - SSP370_MF_Land</p> <p>i.clm5.global_SSP3.02.h1.2015-2100_zip.nc - SSP370_Land</p> <p>i.clm5.global_SSP3_nolulcc.clm2.h1.2015-2100_zip.nc - SSP370_2015_Land</p> <p> </p> <p>These simulations were performed by Dr James King, University of Sheffield.</p> <p> </p>
Data for: Coupled anaerobic methane oxidation and metal reduction in soil under elevated CO2
<p><span>Continued current emissions of carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) and methane (CH<sub>4</sub>)</span><span> by human activities will increase global atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> and CH<sub>4</sub> concentrations and surface temperature significantly. Fields of paddy rice, the most important form of anthropogenic wetlands, account for about 9% of anthropogenic sources of CH<sub>4</sub>. Elevated atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> may enhance CH<sub>4</sub> production in rice paddies, potentially reinforcing the increase in atmospheric CH<sub>4</sub>. </span><span>However, what is not known is whether and how elevated CO<sub>2</sub> influences CH<sub>4</sub> consumption under anoxic soil conditions in rice paddies, as the net emission of CH<sub>4</sub> is a balance of methanogenesis and methanotrophy. In this study, we used a long-term free-air CO<sub>2</sub> enrichment experiment to examine the impact of elevated CO<sub>2</sub> on the transformation of CH<sub>4</sub> in a paddy rice agroecosystem. We demonstrate that elevated CO<sub>2</sub> substantially increased anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) coupled to manganese and/or iron oxides reduction in the calcareous paddy soil. We further show that elevated CO<sub>2</sub> may stimulate the growth and metabolism of Candidatus Methanoperedens nitroreducens, which is actively involved in catalyzing AOM when coupled to metal reduction, mainly through enhancing the availability of soil CH<sub>4</sub>. These findings suggest that a thorough evaluation of climate-carbon cycle feedbacks may need to consider the coupling of methane and metal cycles in natural and agricultural wetlands under future climate change scenarios.</span></p>
Soil CO2 Flux Data from the southern Malawi Rift
<p>Soil CO<sub>2</sub> data collected in transects across faults in the southern Malawi Rift in August 2018.</p> <p>Measurements of soil CO<sub>2</sub> flux were collected during a survey in August 2018 during the dry season in Malawi, in order to attempt to reduce the possibility of a high biogenic flux obscuring the output of deeper CO<sub>2</sub>. We collected measurements using the accumulation chamber method (Chiodini et al., 1998), where a soil collar is coupled to the ground surface, and the gas flux is sampled and analysed for CO<sub>2</sub> using a PP Systems EGM-4 Environmental Gas Analyser and a SRC-1 Soil Respiration Chamber.</p> <p>A high-resolution digital elevation model (DEM; 12.5 m TanDEM-X), was used to identify active fault scarps in southern Malawi (following Wedmore et al., 2020), which were the focus of our investigation. We collected flux measurements running from the footwall across the active faults and into the hanging wall of the scarps that we identified, with approximately 10-50 m spacing between individual sampling locations.</p> <p>Also published here is an ipython notebook to analyse the data.</p>
Data from: Constraining soil hydrothermal CO2 degassing across the Changbaishan volcanic area: insights from 13C-14C perspective
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Data from: Drought in a warmer, CO2-rich climate restricts grassland water use and soil water mixing
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Divergent terrestrial responses of soil N2O emissions to different levels of elevated CO2 and temperature
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Soil disturbance and invasion magnify CO2 effects on grassland productivity, reducing diversity
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Mycorrhizal effects on decomposition and soil CO2 flux depend on changes in nitrogen availability during forest succession
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Data for: Coupled anaerobic methane oxidation and metal reduction in soil under elevated CO2
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Data from: Plant biomass, not plant economics traits, determines responses of soil CO2 efflux to precipitation in the C4 grass Panicum virgatum
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Soil ammonium: BioCON : Biodiversity, Elevated CO2, and N Enrichment
BioCON (Biodiversity, CO2, and Nitrogen) is an ecological experiment started in 1997 at the University of Minnesota's Cedar Creek Ecosystem Science Reserve. BioCON's goal is to explore the ways in which plant communities will respond to three environmental changes that are known to be occurring on a global scale: increasing nitrogen deposition, increasing atmospheric CO2, and decreasing biodiversity. Why Biodiversity, CO2, and Nitrogen? While there are many uncertainties in global change biology, there are also some well documented facts. Some of these are: 1. The amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere is rising. Since the industrial revolution, the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere has increased from approximately 275 parts per million (ppm) to about 378 ppm today. This has been largely the result of fossil fuel burning. It is expected that CO2 levels will continue to rise, and that by the year 2050 these levels will be approximately 550 ppm. CO2 is the raw material for photosynthesis and is known to affect plant growth and development. 2. The amount of nitrogen moving through terrestrial ecosystems has increased in the recent past. While natural "background" levels of nitrogen fixation have remained constant, human additions to the system through fertilizer production and fossil fuel use have increased dramatically. Nitrogen is a key nutrient for plant growth and plays a critical role in plant community structure and composition in many environments. 3. Biodiversity levels are falling. While the research and data are not as complete as they are for CO2 and nitrogen, data indicate that the number of species globally, is being reduced. Perhaps more important for ecosystem function, diversity levels on local to regional scales have fallen due to land use change, biotic invasion and many other drivers. While much is known about how each of these factors affects ecosystem functioning, many questions remain. There is also little data on how these issues affe
Soil nitrate and ammonium: BioCON : Biodiversity, Elevated CO2, and N Enrichment
BioCON (Biodiversity, CO2, and Nitrogen) is an ecological experiment started in 1997 at the University of Minnesota's Cedar Creek Ecosystem Science Reserve. BioCON's goal is to explore the ways in which plant communities will respond to three environmental changes that are known to be occurring on a global scale: increasing nitrogen deposition, increasing atmospheric CO2, and decreasing biodiversity. Why Biodiversity, CO2, and Nitrogen? While there are many uncertainties in global change biology, there are also some well documented facts. Some of these are: 1. The amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere is rising. Since the industrial revolution, the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere has increased from approximately 275 parts per million (ppm) to about 378 ppm today. This has been largely the result of fossil fuel burning. It is expected that CO2 levels will continue to rise, and that by the year 2050 these levels will be approximately 550 ppm. CO2 is the raw material for photosynthesis and is known to affect plant growth and development. 2. The amount of nitrogen moving through terrestrial ecosystems has increased in the recent past. While natural "background" levels of nitrogen fixation have remained constant, human additions to the system through fertilizer production and fossil fuel use have increased dramatically. Nitrogen is a key nutrient for plant growth and plays a critical role in plant community structure and composition in many environments. 3. Biodiversity levels are falling. While the research and data are not as complete as they are for CO2 and nitrogen, data indicate that the number of species globally, is being reduced. Perhaps more important for ecosystem function, diversity levels on local to regional scales have fallen due to land use change, biotic invasion and many other drivers. While much is known about how each of these factors affects ecosystem functioning, many questions remain. There is also little data on how these issues affe
Soil bulk density: BioCON : Biodiversity, Elevated CO2, and N Enrichment
BioCON (Biodiversity, CO2, and Nitrogen) is an ecological experiment started in 1997 at the University of Minnesota's Cedar Creek Ecosystem Science Reserve. BioCON's goal is to explore the ways in which plant communities will respond to three environmental changes that are known to be occurring on a global scale: increasing nitrogen deposition, increasing atmospheric CO2, and decreasing biodiversity. Why Biodiversity, CO2, and Nitrogen? While there are many uncertainties in global change biology, there are also some well documented facts. Some of these are: 1. The amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere is rising. Since the industrial revolution, the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere has increased from approximately 275 parts per million (ppm) to about 378 ppm today. This has been largely the result of fossil fuel burning. It is expected that CO2 levels will continue to rise, and that by the year 2050 these levels will be approximately 550 ppm. CO2 is the raw material for photosynthesis and is known to affect plant growth and development. 2. The amount of nitrogen moving through terrestrial ecosystems has increased in the recent past. While natural "background" levels of nitrogen fixation have remained constant, human additions to the system through fertilizer production and fossil fuel use have increased dramatically. Nitrogen is a key nutrient for plant growth and plays a critical role in plant community structure and composition in many environments. 3. Biodiversity levels are falling. While the research and data are not as complete as they are for CO2 and nitrogen, data indicate that the number of species globally, is being reduced. Perhaps more important for ecosystem function, diversity levels on local to regional scales have fallen due to land use change, biotic invasion and many other drivers. While much is known about how each of these factors affects ecosystem functioning, many questions remain. There is also little data on how these issues affe
Total and non-hydrolyzable soil carbon and nitrogen:BioCON : Biodiversity, Elevated CO2, and N Enrichment
BioCON (Biodiversity, CO2, and Nitrogen) is an ecological experiment started in 1997 at the University of Minnesota's Cedar Creek Ecosystem Science Reserve. BioCON's goal is to explore the ways in which plant communities will respond to three environmental changes that are known to be occurring on a global scale: increasing nitrogen deposition, increasing atmospheric CO2, and decreasing biodiversity. Why Biodiversity, CO2, and Nitrogen? While there are many uncertainties in global change biology, there are also some well documented facts. Some of these are: 1. The amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere is rising. Since the industrial revolution, the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere has increased from approximately 275 parts per million (ppm) to about 378 ppm today. This has been largely the result of fossil fuel burning. It is expected that CO2 levels will continue to rise, and that by the year 2050 these levels will be approximately 550 ppm. CO2 is the raw material for photosynthesis and is known to affect plant growth and development. 2. The amount of nitrogen moving through terrestrial ecosystems has increased in the recent past. While natural "background" levels of nitrogen fixation have remained constant, human additions to the system through fertilizer production and fossil fuel use have increased dramatically. Nitrogen is a key nutrient for plant growth and plays a critical role in plant community structure and composition in many environments. 3. Biodiversity levels are falling. While the research and data are not as complete as they are for CO2 and nitrogen, data indicate that the number of species globally, is being reduced. Perhaps more important for ecosystem function, diversity levels on local to regional scales have fallen due to land use change, biotic invasion and many other drivers. While much is known about how each of these factors affects ecosystem functioning, many questions remain. There is also little data on how these issues affe
1996 Ring soil texture, pH and Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC):BioCON : Biodiversity, Elevated CO2, and N Enrichment
BioCON (Biodiversity, CO2, and Nitrogen) is an ecological experiment started in 1997 at the University of Minnesota's Cedar Creek Ecosystem Science Reserve. BioCON's goal is to explore the ways in which plant communities will respond to three environmental changes that are known to be occurring on a global scale: increasing nitrogen deposition, increasing atmospheric CO2, and decreasing biodiversity. Why Biodiversity, CO2, and Nitrogen? While there are many uncertainties in global change biology, there are also some well documented facts. Some of these are: 1. The amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere is rising. Since the industrial revolution, the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere has increased from approximately 275 parts per million (ppm) to about 378 ppm today. This has been largely the result of fossil fuel burning. It is expected that CO2 levels will continue to rise, and that by the year 2050 these levels will be approximately 550 ppm. CO2 is the raw material for photosynthesis and is known to affect plant growth and development. 2. The amount of nitrogen moving through terrestrial ecosystems has increased in the recent past. While natural "background" levels of nitrogen fixation have remained constant, human additions to the system through fertilizer production and fossil fuel use have increased dramatically. Nitrogen is a key nutrient for plant growth and plays a critical role in plant community structure and composition in many environments. 3. Biodiversity levels are falling. While the research and data are not as complete as they are for CO2 and nitrogen, data indicate that the number of species globally, is being reduced. Perhaps more important for ecosystem function, diversity levels on local to regional scales have fallen due to land use change, biotic invasion and many other drivers. While much is known about how each of these factors affects ecosystem functioning, many questions remain. There is also little data on how these issues affe
TeRaCON eight years data - species composition, productivity (NPP), soil carbon emissions and plant carbon stocks:BioCON: Biodiversity, CO2, and Nitrogen
BioCON (Biodiversity, CO2, and Nitrogen) is an ecological experiment started in 1997 at the University of Minnesota's Cedar Creek Ecosystem Science Reserve. BioCON's goal is to explore the ways in which plant communities will respond to three environmental changes that are known to be occurring on a global scale: increasing nitrogen deposition, increasing atmospheric CO2, and decreasing biodiversity. Why Biodiversity, CO2, and Nitrogen? While there are many uncertainties in global change biology, there are also some well documented facts. Some of these are: 1. The amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere is rising. Since the industrial revolution, the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere has increased from approximately 275 parts per million (ppm) to about 378 ppm today. This has been largely the result of fossil fuel burning. It is expected that CO2 levels will continue to rise, and that by the year 2050 these levels will be approximately 550 ppm. CO2 is the raw material for photosynthesis and is known to affect plant growth and development. 2. The amount of nitrogen moving through terrestrial ecosystems has increased in the recent past. While natural "background" levels of nitrogen fixation have remained constant, human additions to the system through fertilizer production and fossil fuel use have increased dramatically. Nitrogen is a key nutrient for plant growth and plays a critical role in plant community structure and composition in many environments. 3. Biodiversity levels are falling. While the research and data are not as complete as they are for CO2 and nitrogen, data indicate that the number of species globally, is being reduced. Perhaps more important for ecosystem function, diversity levels on local to regional scales have fallen due to land use change, biotic invasion and many other drivers. While much is known about how each of these factors affects ecosystem functioning, many questions remain. There is also little data on how these issues affe
TeRaCON eight year mean of NPP, carbon pools, and soil flux:BioCON : Biodiversity, Elevated CO2, and N Enrichment
BioCON (Biodiversity, CO2, and Nitrogen) is an ecological experiment started in 1997 at the University of Minnesota's Cedar Creek Ecosystem Science Reserve. BioCON's goal is to explore the ways in which plant communities will respond to three environmental changes that are known to be occurring on a global scale: increasing nitrogen deposition, increasing atmospheric CO2, and decreasing biodiversity. Why Biodiversity, CO2, and Nitrogen? While there are many uncertainties in global change biology, there are also some well documented facts. Some of these are: 1. The amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere is rising. Since the industrial revolution, the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere has increased from approximately 275 parts per million (ppm) to about 378 ppm today. This has been largely the result of fossil fuel burning. It is expected that CO2 levels will continue to rise, and that by the year 2050 these levels will be approximately 550 ppm. CO2 is the raw material for photosynthesis and is known to affect plant growth and development. 2. The amount of nitrogen moving through terrestrial ecosystems has increased in the recent past. While natural "background" levels of nitrogen fixation have remained constant, human additions to the system through fertilizer production and fossil fuel use have increased dramatically. Nitrogen is a key nutrient for plant growth and plays a critical role in plant community structure and composition in many environments. 3. Biodiversity levels are falling. While the research and data are not as complete as they are for CO2 and nitrogen, data indicate that the number of species globally, is being reduced. Perhaps more important for ecosystem function, diversity levels on local to regional scales have fallen due to land use change, biotic invasion and many other drivers. While much is known about how each of these factors affects ecosystem functioning, many questions remain. There is also little data on how these issues affe
SGS-LTER CO2 Elevation Study: Weekly volumetric soil water content, from TDR probes, for Open Top Chamber plots on the Central Plains Experimental Range, Nunn, Colorado, USA 1997-2001
This data package was produced by researchers working on the Shortgrass Steppe Long Term Ecological Research (SGS-LTER) Project, administered at Colorado State University. Long-term datasets and background information (proposals, reports, photographs, etc.) on the SGS-LTER project are contained in a comprehensive project collection within the Digital Collections of Colorado (http://digitool.library.colostate.edu/R/?func=collections&collection_id=3429). The data table and associated metadata document, which is generated in Ecological Metadata Language, may be available through other repositories serving the ecological research community and represent components of the larger SGS-LTER project collection. Additional information and referenced materials can be found: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/82454. Volumetric soil water content was measured in the 0-15 cm soil depth layer using TDR probes, nearly weekly, in ambient and elevated CO2 open-top-chambers, and unchambered plots. A consistent improvement in SWC was seen in the elevated CO2 plots, while ambient-chambered plots often had lowest SWC. This research was conducted at the Central Plains Experimental Range, near Nunn, CO; lat.40degrees 40 minutes N; long. 104 degrees 45 minutes W in the shortgrass steppe region of NE Colorado, USA and as a collaboration between SGS-LTER and USDA-ARS researchers.
Dataset: Seasonality, drivers, and isotopic composition of soil CO2 fluxes from tropical forests of the Congo Basin
<p>These data sets contain data from soil CO2 flux measurements and its drivers (soil moisture, soil temperature) from lowland and montane tropical forests of the Congo Basin. Additionally, 13C values of soil emitted CO2, SOC, Leaflitter, and stream dissolved CO2 are reported. A Manuscript using these data sets has been submitted to Biogeosciences</p>
Data from: Multiple constraints cause positive and negative feedbacks limiting grassland soil CO2 efflux under CO2 enrichment
<p>Terrestrial ecosystems are increasingly enriched with resources such as atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> that limit ecosystem processes. The consequences for ecosystem carbon cycling depend on the feedbacks from other limiting resources and plant community change, which remain poorly understood for soil CO<sub>2</sub> efflux, J<sub>CO2</sub>, a primary carbon flux from the biosphere to the atmosphere. We applied a unique CO<sub>2</sub> enrichment gradient (250 to 500 µL L<sup>-1</sup>) for eight years to grassland plant communities on soils from different landscape positions. We identified the trajectory of J<sub>CO2</sub> responses and feedbacks from other resources, plant diversity (effective species richness, exp(H)), and community change (plant species turnover). We found linear increases in J<sub>CO2</sub> on an alluvial sandy loam and a lowland clay soil, and an asymptotic increase on an upland silty clay soil. Structural equation modelling identified CO<sub>2</sub> as the dominant limitation on J<sub>CO2</sub> on the clay soil. In contrast with theory predicting limitation from a single limiting factor, the linear J<sub>CO2</sub> response on the sandy loam was reinforced by positive feedbacks from aboveground net primary productivity and exp(H), while the asymptotic J<sub>CO2</sub> response on the silty clay arose from a net negative feedback among exp(H), species turnover, and soil water potential. These findings support a multiple resource limitation view of the effects of global change drivers on grassland ecosystem carbon cycling and highlight a crucial role for positive or negative feedbacks between limiting resources and plant community structure. Incorporating these feedbacks will improve models of terrestrial carbon sequestration and ecosystem services.</p>
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