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91 results for “soil chemistry”
Data for: Plant diversity effects on herbivory are related to soil biodiversity and plant chemistry
<p><span>Insect herbivory is a key process in ecosystem functioning. While theory predicts that plant diversity modulates herbivory, the mechanistic links remain unclear. We postulated that the plant metabolome mechanistically links plant diversity and herbivory.</span></p> <p>In late summer and in spring, we assessed individual plant aboveground herbivory rates and metabolomes of seven plant species in experimental plant communities varying in plant species diversity and resource acquisition strategies. In the same communities, we also measured plant individual biomass as well as soil microbial and nematode community composition.</p> <p>Herbivory rates decreased with increasing plant species richness. Path modelling revealed that plant species richness and community resource acquisition strategy correlated with soil community composition. In particular, changes in nematode community composition were related to plant metabolome composition and thereby herbivory rates.</p> <p><span>These results suggest that soil community composition plays an important role in reducing herbivory rates with increasing plant diversity by changing plant metabolomes.</span></p>
Soil, litter and vegetation carbon for the 6 simulations performed in CLM5 of "Chemistry-albedo feedbacks offset up to a third of forestation's CO2 removal benef"
<p>Soil, litter and vegetation carbon for the 6 simulations performed in CLM5 (Table S1) of "Chemistry-albedo feedbacks from reforestation reduce climate benefits and crop yields"</p> <p>i.clm5.global_MF_SSP1.h1.2015-2100_zip.nc - SSP126_MF_Land</p> <p>i.clm5.global_SSP1_nolulcc.clm2.h1.2015-2100_zip.nc - SSP126_2015_Land </p> <p>i.clm5.global_SSP1.h1.2015-2100_zip.nc - SSP126_Land</p> <p>i.clm5.global_MF_SSP3.02.h1.2015-2100_zip.nc - SSP370_MF_Land</p> <p>i.clm5.global_SSP3.02.h1.2015-2100_zip.nc - SSP370_Land</p> <p>i.clm5.global_SSP3_nolulcc.clm2.h1.2015-2100_zip.nc - SSP370_2015_Land</p> <p> </p> <p>These simulations were performed by Dr James King, University of Sheffield.</p> <p> </p>
The contribution of Fe(III) reduction to soil carbon mineralization in montane meadows depends on soil chemistry, not parent material or microbial community
<p>The long-term stability of soil carbon (C) is strongly influenced by organo-mineral interactions. Iron (Fe)-oxides can both inhibit microbial decomposition by providing physicochemical protection for organic molecules and enhance rates of C mineralization by serving as a terminal electron acceptor, depending on redox conditions. Restoration of floodplain hydrology in montane meadows has been proposed as a method of sequestering C for climate change mitigation. However, dissimilatory microbial reduction of Fe(III) could lead to C losses under increased reducing conditions. In this study, we explored variations in Fe-C interactions over a range of redox conditions and in soils derived from two distinct parent materials to elucidate biochemical and microbial controls on soil C cycling in Sierra Nevada montane meadows. Differences in parent material were associated with different rates of Fe(III) reduction at increasing soil moisture levels, but not with differences in soil C mineralization. Known Fe(III)-reducing taxa were present in all samples but neither the relative abundance nor richness of Fe(III) reducers corresponded with measured rates of Fe(III) reduction. Under reducing conditions, our results suggest that Fe(III) reduction contributes to C mineralization only when Fe-bound C is present. However, Fe-bound C was not present in all of our soils and was below theoretical limits for C sorption onto Fe-oxides where it was found. Overall, our results suggest that meadow-specific soil chemistry drives Fe-C interactions and that the impact of Fe on C cycling in montane meadows may be smaller than in other ecosystems.</p>
Belowground fungi, soil, and root chemistry in tropical landuse systems
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Data for: Plant diversity effects on herbivory are related to soil biodiversity and plant chemistry
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Data from: Converting conventional agriculture to poplar bioenergy crops: soil chemistry
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Plant litter chemistry controls coarse-textured soil carbon dynamics
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The contribution of Fe(III) reduction to soil carbon mineralization in montane meadows depends on soil chemistry, not parent material or microbial community
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Bacterial communities and soil chemistry from ten established invasions of Lupinus polyphyllus in southwestern Finland, 2020
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Data from: Fuel accumulation shapes post-fire fuel decomposition through soil heating effects on plants, fungi, and soil chemistry
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Complex interactions of deer herbivory, soil chemistry, and competing vegetation explain oak-hickory forest tree regeneration in central Pennsylvania, USA
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American Residential Macrosystems - Soil chemistry data within residential yards in six major metropolitan areas, 2012-2013
"In six major U.S. metropolitan cities (Boston, Baltimore, Los Angeles, Miami, Minneapolis/St. Paul, and Phoenix), 1-meter soil cores were collected to evaluate soil microbial carbon and nitrogen cycle processes that are sensitive to land management. Laboratory methods followed those used by Raciti et al. (2011a,b) to measure microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen content, microbial respiration, potential net nitrogen mineralization, potential net nitrification, potential denitrification, and pools of extractable ammonium and nitrate. "
The Bear Brook Watershed in Maine, USA: Soil quantitative pit chemistry 1998 - 2010
This dataset includes soil chemistry data for the Bear Brook Watershed in Maine (BBWM). The BBWM consists of two watersheds, the reference East Bear (EB), receiving ambient deposition, and the treated West Bear (WB), which received experimental elevated N+S deposition for 27 years. Quantitative soil pits (71x71 cm) and mini-pits (30x30 cm) were dug at multiple times over the three decades of this experiment, and samples were analyzed for chemistry. Data are available both, as concentrations, as well as nutrient stocks for each watershed.
Long-Term Nitrogen Deposition During Grassland Succession: 2018 broad soil chemistry
The purpose of this experiment is to measure how initially disturbing an area and adding nitrogen over a long time will affect the number of species, the type of species present, the amount of annual growth, and the change from year to year in the growth of each species in a plant community which is also relieved of grazing by large and small mammals. This experiment is conducted within fields (A, B, and C) which were initially low in soil nutrients. The ground was disturbed by thoroughly disking the area prior to establishment of the experiment. There are 8 different levels of nitrogen addition with other nutrients added to ensure that nitrogen remains the limiting nutrient, and a control which receives no nutrients. Nitrogen fertilizer (NH4NO3) is applied twice per year, once in early May and once in late June. There are six replicates of each treatment per field. The treatments were randomly assigned to plots of size 4 by 4 meters. The plots are in 6 plot by 9 plot grids with 1 meter aisles between plots. The plot grids are enclosed by a fence to keep out mammalian herbivores. Gophers are trapped and removed as they appear. In the spring of 1992, subexperiments E097 and E098 were established. E097 is in fields A and C where randomly selected plots within each treatment no longer receive fertilizer. E098 is in field B where randomly selected plots within each treatment are burned. Note that the design of E002 is similar to E001 except E002 was thoroughly disked prior to establishment.
Soil solution chemistry measurements at the snow cover experiment, Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, 1997-1999
The effect of soil freezing on soil cation and anion losses was assessed using zero-tension lysimeters placed in plots of the snow removal experiment at the Hubbard Brook Expermental Forest. Four plots were used in which one subplot accumulated snow cover at natural rates throughout the winter (C), while the second subplot had snow removed from the first snowfall through early February (F). Replicate lysimeters were installed below the Oa and within the Bs soil horizons and soil solution collected weekly for two winters (1997 - 1998 and 1998 - 1999). This dataset includes solution chemistry measurements for individual lysimeters collected during that time period. These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
Comprehensive Soil Water Chemistry at the Kellogg Biological Station, Hickory Corners, MI (1999 to 2003)
Dataset Abstract Soil water samples are collected every other week during the growing season from treatments 1-7 (replicates 2-4) and the successional and forest sites using Prenart soil water samplers (sometimes referred to as lysimeters). Three sampling stations are located in each treatment and are grouped in this analysis. In this dataset, the following chemical variables were measured from 1999-2005: Ca, Mg, Na, K, NO3, total alkalinity, Cl, SO4, NH4,PO4, DOC, specific conductance, total dissolved phosphorus and Si. See also the dataset entitled Soil Water Nitrate on the Main Cropping System Experiment which covers a longer time period. See the following reference for methods: Hamilton,S.K., A.L. Kurzman, C.Arango, L. Jin, and G.P. Robertson. 2007. Evidence for carbon sequestration by agricultural liming. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 21, GB2021, doi: 10.1029/2006GB002738. original data source http://lter.kbs.msu.edu/datasets/72
Vegetation structure and soil chemistry on Hog Island, Northampton Co. Virginia, May/June 2012
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Hog Island Soil Water Nutrient Chemistry 1990-1992
Soil water samples were collected at two depths (15 cm and 50 cm) with porus cup lysimeters from all dune and swale sites across the Hog Island Chronosequence. This included samples from N-fertilized areas on the dunes.
Col d'Olen, soil chemistry (extractable N-NH4) 2008-2019
<p>Dataset provides information about soil temperature, soil C and N dynamics at different sites in the alpine tundra, along an elevational gradient from 2500 to 2900 m asl during the period 2005-2018. The soil was sampled in triplicate in each the sites and the N-NH4 concentration is measured in soil K2SO4 extracts. The ongoing studies aimed at investigating how the meteorological variables affect the biogeochemistry of seasonally snow covered areas, with a special focus on the effect of the snow cover duration on soil and water C and N dynamics during the growing season.</p>
Data set: Burn severity and soil chemistry are weak drivers of early vegetation succession following a boreal mega-fire in a production forest landscape
<p>Data used in the analyses of the study. Data set on soil chemistry (pH, organic content, nutrient content), plots distance to the fire perimeter, and plant communities (vascular plants and bryophytes) recorded in permanent plots on clearcuts in a burn-severity gradient two and five years following a wildfire. Data collected from a 13000 hectare wildfire that occurred in 2014, in boreal southern Sweden. Calculated trait means from data bases, and plant community data from unburned plots from another study, are are also included here.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.