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99 results for “sperm whale”
Figure 10 in Killer sperm whale: a new basal physeteroid (Mammalia, Cetacea) from the Late Miocene of Italy
Figure 10. Zygophyseter varolai gen. et sp. nov. Postcranial skeleton of the holotype (MAUL 229/1). A, atlas; B, D, thoracic vertebrae; E, lumbar vertebra; in (1) anterior, (2) dorsal and (3) lateral views; F–Q, right ribs in lateral view; R, left scapula in medial view.
Figure 6 in Killer sperm whale: a new basal physeteroid (Mammalia, Cetacea) from the Late Miocene of Italy
Figure 6. Zygophyseter varolai gen. et sp. nov. Left incomplete ear bones of the holotype (MAUL 229/1). A–F, periotic in (A) dorsal, (B) dorsomedial, (C, D) ventral, (E) medial and (F) anterior views. G, articulated periotic and tympanic bulla in lateral view; H–L, tympanic bulla in (H) dorsal, (J) ventral, (K) medial and (L) anterior views. D shows detail of the anterior process with the accessory ossicle not removed.
Figure 13 in Killer sperm whale: a new basal physeteroid (Mammalia, Cetacea) from the Late Miocene of Italy
Figure 13. Posterior portion of dentary of (A) Zygophyseter varolai gen. et sp. nov. (holotype, MAUL 229/1), (B) Naganocetus shigensis (from Hirota & Barnes, 1995: Fig. 9), (C) 'Aulophyseter' rionegrensis (from Gondar, 1975: pl. 1, Fig. c), (D) Physeter macrocephalus (MSNTUP M267), (E) Kogia sima (from Caldwell & Caldwell, 1989: Fig. 6D), (F) Kogia breviceps (MBMS 4000), (G) Mesoplodon bowdoini (MSNTUP M269), (H) Delphinus delphis (MSNTUP M287) and (I) Zygorhiza kochii (cast of USNM 11962). A, medial view; B–I, lateral views. The arrows indicate the location of the condyle.
Figure 7 in Killer sperm whale: a new basal physeteroid (Mammalia, Cetacea) from the Late Miocene of Italy
Figure 7. Zygophyseter varolai gen. et sp. nov. Incomplete left periotic of the holotype (MAUL 229/1) in (A) dorsal, (B) ventral and (C) medial views.
Figure 5 in Killer sperm whale: a new basal physeteroid (Mammalia, Cetacea) from the Late Miocene of Italy
Figure 5. Zygophyseter varolai gen. et sp. nov. Details (A–D) and lateral view (E) of the cranium of the holotype (MAUL 229/1). A, narial area in dorsal view; B, foramina and antorbital lamina of maxilla in dorsal view; C, left orbital area in ventral view; D, posteroventral surface. The vertical scale bar refers to A–D.
Figure 4 in Killer sperm whale: a new basal physeteroid (Mammalia, Cetacea) from the Late Miocene of Italy
Figure 4. Zygophyseter varolai gen. et sp. nov. Skull of holotype (MAUL 229/1) in (A) dorsal and (B) lateral views. The non-preserved portion is reconstructed in dorsal view and is shaded in lateral view.
Figure 3 in Killer sperm whale: a new basal physeteroid (Mammalia, Cetacea) from the Late Miocene of Italy
Figure 3. Zygophyseter varolai gen. et sp. nov. Skull of holotype (MAUL 229/1) in (A) dorsal, (B) ventral and (C) lateral views.
Figure 2 in Killer sperm whale: a new basal physeteroid (Mammalia, Cetacea) from the Late Miocene of Italy
Figure 2. Sketch showing in plain view the relative positions of the skeletal elements of MAUL 229/1, holotype of Zygophyseter varolai gen. et sp. nov. as they were preserved. CV, caudal vertebrae; LV, lumbar vertebrae; MD, mandible; RB, ribs; SC(l), left scapula; SC(r), right scapula; SK, skull; TV, thoracic vertebrae.
Figure 1 in Killer sperm whale: a new basal physeteroid (Mammalia, Cetacea) from the Late Miocene of Italy
Figure 1. Map of south-eastern Italy showing the location of the Cisterna Quarry, the type locality of Zygophyseter varolai gen. et sp. nov.
Data from: Genomics reveals the role of admixture in the evolution of structure among sperm whale populations within the Mediterranean Sea
<p>In oceanic ecosystems, the nature of barriers to gene flow, and the processes by which populations may become isolated are different from the terrestrial environment, and less well understood. In this study, we investigate a highly mobile species (the sperm whale, <em>Physeter macrocephalus</em>) that is genetically differentiated between an open North Atlantic population and the populations in the Mediterranean Sea. We apply high-resolution single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) analysis to study the nature of barriers to gene flow in this system, comparing gene flow across the putative boundary into the Mediterranean (Strait of Gibraltar and Alboran Sea region) with novel analyses on structuring among sperm whale populations within the Mediterranean basin. Our data support a recent founding of the Mediterranean, around the time of the last glacial maximum, and shows concerted historical demographic profiles in both the Atlantic and the Mediterranean. In each region, there is evidence for a population decline around the time of the founder event, more extreme within the Mediterranean Sea where effective population size is substantially lower. While differentiation is strongest at the Atlantic/Mediterranean boundary, there is also significant differentiation between the Eastern and Western basins of the Mediterranean Sea. We propose, however, that the mechanisms are different. While post-founding gene flow was reduced between the Mediterranean and Atlantic populations, within the Mediterranean an important factor differentiating the basins is likely a greater degree of admixture between the Western basin and the North Atlantic.</p>
Exploring variability in the diet of depredating sperm whales in the Gulf of Alaska through stable isotope analysis
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Data from: Genomics reveals the role of admixture in the evolution of structure among sperm whale populations within the Mediterranean Sea
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Dataset accompanying: Echolocation click parameters and biosonar behaviour of the dwarf sperm whale (Kogia sima)
<p>This dataset accompanies the manuscript "Echolocation click parameters and biosonar behaviour of the dwarf sperm whale (<em>Kogia sima</em>)." All source parameters of on-axis clicks are available in MATLAB files, for both the deep water (n=46) and shallow harbour (n=870) datasets. The deep water dataset was collected using a 7-channel vertical hydrophone array in the Bahamas, and the shallow harbour dataset was collected using a single-channel recorder in South Africa. Metadeta explaining the variables are found within the MATLAB files under 'Comments'. Details on data collection, curation and analysis can be found in the Malinka et al., Kogia publication (https://jeb.biologists.org/content/224/6/jeb240689).</p> <p>For comments/questions, please contact chloe.e.malinka [at] bio.au.dk</p>
Dataset from 'Size Distribution of Sperm Whales Acoustically Identified During Long Term Deep-Sea Monitoring in the Ionian Sea'
<p>This dataset is from the study:</p> <p>Caruso Francesco, Virginia Sciacca, Giorgio Bellia, Emilio De Domenico, Giuseppina Larosa, Elena Papale, Carmelo Pellegrino, Sara Pulvirenti, Giorgio Riccobene, Francesco Simeone, Fabrizio Speziale, Salvatore Viola and Gianni Pavan. “Size Distribution of Sperm Whales Acoustically Identified During Long Term Deep-Sea Monitoring in the Ionian Sea.”</p> <p>The archive named NEMO-OvDE Dataset.zip contains the results of an automatic analysis developed and applied to the data acquired by the Ocean noise Detection Experiment. In detail, a subsample of the large dataset was processed to assess the size of the recorded sperm whales, by measuring the structure of their acoustic signals. The dataset consists in several plots generated by the algorithm described in the cited research article. The files are in PNG format. These data were used to study the size distribution of the sperm whale recorded during the OvDE Passive Acoustic Monitoring.</p> <p>For further information: riccobene@lns.infn.it (Principal Investigator of the Ocean noise Detection Experiment)</p>
Distinctive, fine-scale distribution of Eastern Caribbean sperm whale vocal clans reflects island fidelity rather than environmental variables
<p>Environmental variables are often the primary drivers of species' distributions as they define their niche. However, individuals, or groups of individuals, may sometimes adopt a limited range within this larger suitable habitat as a result of social and cultural processes. This is the case for Eastern Caribbean sperm whales. While environmental variables are reasonably successful in describing the general distribution of sperm whales in the region, individuals from different cultural groups have distinct distributions around the Lesser Antilles islands. Using data collected over two years of dedicated surveys in the Eastern Caribbean, we conducted habitat modelling and habitat suitability analyses to investigate the mechanisms responsible for such fine-scale distribution patterns. Vocal clan-specific models were dramatically more successful at predicting distribution than general species models, showing how a failure to incorporate social factors can impede accurate predictions. Habitat variation between islands did not explain vocal clan distributions, suggesting that cultural group segregation in the Eastern Caribbean sperm whale is driven by traditions of site/island fidelity (most likely maintained through conformism and homophily) rather than habitat type specialization. Our results provide evidence for the key role of cultural knowledge in shaping habitat use of sperm whales within suitable environmental conditions and highlight the importance of cultural factors in shaping sperm whale ecology. We recommend that social and cultural information be incorporated into conservation and management as culture can segregate populations on fine spatial scales in the absence of environmental variability.</p>
Carved Sperm Whale Tooth (Scrimshaw)
This engraved Sperm Whale Tooth with a farewell maritime scene comes from the collection of the [Scottish Fisheries Museum](http://http://www.scotfishmuseum.org/) in Anstruther (Fife). The art of engraving designs on to the teeth, bones or baleen of sperm whales and other marine mammals is called a scrimshaw. It was a common pastime of sailers on long whaling voyages. Sperm whales have 23 pairs of teeth which were particularly prized for scrimshaw. After extraction, the teeth were scraped smooth and polished. The design could be engraved freehand or copied using a template. The 3D model was created by the Scottish Maritime Museum as a part of the Scanning The Horizon project, working with collections from Industrial Museums Scotland ([Go Industrial](http://www.goindustrial.co.uk/)). Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Data from: A treasure from the past: former sperm whale distribution in Indonesian waters unveiled using distribution models and historical whaling data
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Distinctive, fine-scale distribution of Eastern Caribbean sperm whale vocal clans reflects island fidelity rather than environmental variables
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
The long-range echo scene of the sperm whale biosonar
<p>Sperm whales use their gigantic nose to produce the most powerful sounds in the animal kingdom, presumably to echolocate deep-sea prey at long ranges and possibly to debilitate prey. To test these hypotheses, we deployed sound recording tags (DTAG-4) on the tip of the nose of three sperm whales. One of these recordings yielded over 6000 echo streams from organisms detected up to 144 m ahead of the whale, supporting a long-range prey detection function of the sperm whale biosonar. The whale navigated this complex acoustic scene by maintaining a stable, long-range acoustic gaze suggesting continual resource evaluation. Less than 10% of the echoic organisms recorded by the tag were targeted for capture and only 18% of the buzzes were emitted within the 50 m depth interval of maximum organism encounter rate, demonstrating echo guided prey selection. Buzzes were initiated >20 m from the prey, showing that sperm whales do not debilitate their prey with sound, but trade echo levels for reduced forward masking and rapid updates on prey location in keeping with the lower manoeuvrability of these large predators. We conclude that the powerful biosonar of sperm whales enables long-range echolocation and selection of prey, but not acoustic debilitation.</p>
Data from: Nasal compartmentalization in Kogiidae (Cetacea, Physeteroidea): Insights from a new late Miocene dwarf sperm whale from the Pisco Formation
<p class="Abstract"><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Facial compartmentalization in the skull of extant pygmy whales (Kogiidae) is a unique feature among cetaceans that allows the housing of a wide array of organs responsible for echolocation. Recent fossil findings depict a remarkable disparity of the facial bone organization in Miocene kogiids, but the significance of such a rearrangement for the evolution of the clade has been barely explored. Here we describe <i>Kogia danomurai</i> sp. nov., a late Miocene (ca. 5.8 Ma) taxon from the Pisco Formation (Peru), based on a partially preserved skull with a new facial bone pattern. Our phylogenetic analysis recovers <i>K. danomurai</i> as the most basal representative of the extant genus <i>Kogia</i>, displaying a combination of derived (incipiently developed and excavated sagittal facial crest) and plesiomorphic features (high position of the temporal fossa and antorbital notch not transformed into a narrow slit). Furthermore, when compared with the extant <i>Kogia</i>, the facial patterning found in <i>K. danomurai</i> indicates differential development among the facial organs, implying different capabilities of sound production relative to extant <i>Kogia</i> spp. Different facial bone patterns are particularly notable within the multi-species kogiid assemblage of the Pisco Formation, which suggests causal connections between different patterns and feeding ecologies (e.g., nekton piscivory and benthic foraging). At about 5.8 Ma, <i>K. danomurai</i> was part of a cetacean community composed by clades typical of the late Miocene as well as other early representatives of extant taxa, a mixture probably depicting the initial faunal change toward the coastal ecosystem dynamics of the present-day Southeastern Pacific.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.