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84 results for “spillover”
Does ant-plant mutualism have spillover effects on the non-partner ant community?
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Seasonality modulates habitat cover effects on avian cross-boundary responses and spillover
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Data from: Theory of infectious disease spillover at an ecological boundary: Impacts of seasonality and cross-boundary movement
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Data for: Hedgerows have contrasting effects on pollinators and natural enemies and limited spillover effects on apple production
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Data from: Wildflower strip establishment supports beneficial ground-dwelling arthropods and pest control but has limited effects on weed seed control and spillover to adjacent fields
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Spillover of an alien parasite reduces expression of costly behaviour in native host species
<p>We used a natural experiment of populations of native red squirrels (<em>Sciurus vulgaris</em>) that were colonised by the alien grey squirrel (<em>Sciurus carolinensis</em>), comparing repeated measurements of red squirrel parasite infection and personality with those taken in sites where only the native species occurred.<br> Using data from 323 arena tests across three experimental (native species and IAS) and three control sites (only native species), we found negative correlations between native species’ activity and infection with <em>Strongyloides robustus</em> in the sites invaded by the alien species. Activity was also negatively correlated with infection by its native helminth (<em>Trypanoxyuris sciuri</em>) but only when grey squirrels were present, while in the red-only sites there was no relationship of <em>T. sciuri</em> infection with any of the personality traits. Moreover, individuals that acquired <em>S. robustus</em> during the study reduced their activity after infection, while this was not the case for animals that remained uninfected.</p>
Spillover: physiology: p173, p176
<p>This contains two acquisitions of single spotted metals acquired concurently with the IMC acquisitions for p173, p176 for the publication:</p> <p><strong>A quantitative analysis of the interplay of environment, neighborhood, and cell state in 3D spheroids</strong></p> <p> Vito RT Zanotelli<br> Matthias Leutenegger<br> Xiao‐Kang Lun<br> Fanny Georgi<br> Natalie de Souza<br> Bernd Bodenmiller</p> <p><em>Mol Syst Biol. (2020) 16: e9798</em><br> <a href="https://doi.org/10.15252/msb.20209798">https://doi.org/10.15252/msb.20209798</a></p> <p><em>Please cite this article if you re-use any of the data or code.</em></p> <p>The metals were spotted according to: https://docs.google.com/document/d/11VP3n3ulaSCSXemreJWh66-ogcB5BveHH5gTXAykXgQ/edit?usp=sharing, as described in the paper:</p> <p>"Compensation of signal spillover in suspension and imaging mass cytometry" by Stéphane Chevrier*, Helena L. Crowell*, Vito R.T. Zanotelli*, Stefanie Engler, Mark D. Robinson, and Bernd Bodenmiller which is published in 'Cell Systems' as "Compensation of Signal Spillover in Suspension and Imaging Mass Cytometry" (<a href="http://www.cell.com/cell-systems/abstract/S2405-4712(18)30063-2">http://www.cell.com/cell-systems/abstract/S2405-4712(18)30063-2</a>)</p>
Spillover acquisitions: oexp: p161, p165
<p>This contains two acquisitions of single spotted metals acquired concurently with the IMC acquisitions for p173, p176 for the publication:</p> <p><strong>A quantitative analysis of the interplay of environment, neighborhood, and cell state in 3D spheroids</strong></p> <p> Vito RT Zanotelli<br> Matthias Leutenegger<br> Xiao‐Kang Lun<br> Fanny Georgi<br> Natalie de Souza<br> Bernd Bodenmiller</p> <p><em>Mol Syst Biol. (2020) 16: e9798</em><br> <a href="https://doi.org/10.15252/msb.20209798">https://doi.org/10.15252/msb.20209798</a></p> <p><em>Please cite this article if you re-use any of the data or code.</em></p> <p>The metals were spotted according to: https://docs.google.com/document/d/11VP3n3ulaSCSXemreJWh66-ogcB5BveHH5gTXAykXgQ/edit?usp=sharing, as described in the paper:</p> <p>"Compensation of signal spillover in suspension and imaging mass cytometry" by Stéphane Chevrier*, Helena L. Crowell*, Vito R.T. Zanotelli*, Stefanie Engler, Mark D. Robinson, and Bernd Bodenmiller which is published in 'Cell Systems' as "Compensation of Signal Spillover in Suspension and Imaging Mass Cytometry" (<a href="http://www.cell.com/cell-systems/abstract/S2405-4712(18)30063-2">http://www.cell.com/cell-systems/abstract/S2405-4712(18)30063-2</a>)</p>
Data from: Host species composition influences infection severity among amphibians in the absence of spillover transmission
Wildlife epidemiological outcomes can depend strongly on the composition of an ecological community, particularly when multiple host species are affected by the same pathogen. However, the relationship between host species richness and disease risk can vary with community context and with the degree of spillover transmission that occurs among co-occurring host species. We examined the degree to which host species composition influences infection by Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), a widespread fungal pathogen associated with amphibian population declines around the world, and whether transmission occurs from one highly susceptible host species to other co-occurring host species. By manipulating larval assemblages of three sympatric amphibian species in the laboratory, we characterized the relationship between host species richness and infection severity, whether infection mediates growth and survivorship differently across various combinations of host species, and whether Bd is transmitted from experimentally inoculated tadpoles to uninfected tadpoles. We found evidence of a dilution effect where Bd infection severity was dramatically reduced in the most susceptible of the three host species (Anaxyrus boreas). Infection also mediated survival and growth of all three host species such that the presence of multiple host species had both positive (e.g., infection reduction) and negative (e.g., mortality) effects on focal species. However, we found no evidence that Bd infection is transmitted by this species. While these results demonstrate that host species richness as well as species identity underpin infection dynamics in this system, dilution is not the product of reduced transmission via fewer infectious individuals of a susceptible host species. We discuss various mechanisms, including encounter reduction and antagonistic interactions such as competition and opportunistic cannibalism that may act in concert to mediate patterns of infection severity, growth, and mortality observed in multihost communities.
Data from: Low-load pathogen spillover predicts shifts in skin microbiome and survival of a terrestrial-breeding amphibian
Wildlife disease dynamics are strongly influenced by the structure of host communities and their symbiotic microbiota. Conspicuous amphibian declines associated with the waterborne fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) have been observed in aquatic-breeding frogs globally. However, less attention has been given to cryptic terrestrial-breeding amphibians that have also been declining in tropical regions. By experimentally manipulating multiple tropical amphibian assemblages harboring natural microbial communities, we tested whether Bd spillover from naturally infected aquatic-breeding frogs could lead to Bd amplification and mortality in our focal terrestrial-breeding host: the pumpkin toadlet Brachycephalus pitanga. We also tested whether the strength of spillover could vary depending on skin bacterial transmission within host assemblages. Terrestrial-breeding toadlets acquired lethal spillover infections from neighboring aquatic hosts and experienced dramatic but generally non-protective shifts in skin bacterial composition primarily attributable to their Bd infections. In contrast, aquatic-breeding amphibians maintained mild Bd infections and higher survival, with shifts in bacterial microbiomes that were unrelated to Bd infections. Our results indicate that Bd spillover from even mildly infected aquatic-breeding hosts may lead to dysbiosis and mortality in terrestrial-breeding species, underscoring the need to further investigate recent population declines of terrestrial-breeding amphibians in the tropics.
Data from: Prediction and attenuation of seasonal spillover of parasites between wild and domestic ungulates in an arid mixed-use system
1.Transmission of parasites between host species affects host population dynamics, interspecific competition, and ecosystem structure and function. In areas where wild and domestic herbivores share grazing land, management of parasites in livestock may affect or be affected by sympatric wildlife due to cross-species transmission. 2.We develop a novel method for simulating transmission potential based on both biotic and abiotic factors in a semi-arid system in Botswana. Optimal timing of antiparasitic treatment in livestock is then compared under a variety of alternative host scenarios, including seasonally migrating wild hosts. 3.In this region, rainfall is the primary driver of seasonality of transmission, but wildlife migration leads to spatial differences in the effectiveness of treatment in domestic animals. Additionally, competent migratory wildlife hosts move parasites across the landscape. 4.Simulated transmission potential matches observed patterns of clinical disease in the study area. Increased wildlife contact is correlated with a decrease in disease, suggesting that noncompetent wild hosts may attenuate transmission by removing infective parasite larvae from livestock pasture. 5.Optimising the timing of treatment according to within-year rainfall patterns was considerably more effective than treating at a standard time of year. By targeting treatment in this way, efficient control can be achieved, mitigating parasite spillover from wildlife where it does occur. 6.Synthesis and applications: This model of parasite transmission potential enables evidence-based management of parasite spillover between wild and domestic species in a spatio-temporally dynamic system. It can be applied in other mixed-use systems to mitigate parasite transmission under altered climate scenarios or changes in host ranges.
Data from: Matrix type and landscape attributes modulate avian taxonomic and functional spillover across habitat boundaries in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest
Land use intensification drives biodiversity loss worldwide. In heterogeneous landscape mosaics, both overall forest area and anthropogenic matrix structure induce changes in biological communities in primary habitat remnants. However, community changes via cross-habitat spillover processes along forest-matrix interfaces remain poorly understood. Moreover, information on how landscape attributes affect spillover processes across habitat boundaries are embryonic. Here, we quantify avian and β-diversity (as proxies of spillover rates) across two dominant types of forest-matrix interfaces (forest-pasture and forest-eucalyptus plantation) within the Atlantic Forest biodiversity hotspot in southeast Brazil. We also assess the effects of anthropogenic matrix type and landscape attributes (forest cover, edge density and land-use diversity) on bird taxonomic and functional β-diversity across forest-matrix boundaries. Alpha taxonomic richness was higher in forest edges than within both matrix types, but between matrix types, it was higher in pastures than in eucalyptus plantations. Although significantly higher in forests edges than in the adjacent eucalyptus, bird functional richness did not differ between forest edges and adjacent pastures. Community changes (β-diversity) related to species and functional replacements (turnover component) were higher across forest-pasture boundaries, whereas changes related to species and functional loss (nested component) were higher across forest-eucalyptus boundaries. Forest edges adjacent to eucalyptus had significant higher species and functional replacements than forest edges adjacent to pastures. Forest cover negatively influenced functional β-diversity across both forest-pasture and forest-eucalyptus interfaces. We show the importance of matrix type and the structure of surrounding landscapes (mainly forest cover) on rates of bird assemblage spillover across forest-matrix boundaries, which has profound implications to biological fluxes, ecosystem functioning and land-use management in human-modified landscapes.
Data from: Long-term prevalence data reveals spillover dynamics in a multi-host (Artemia), multi-parasite (Microsporidia) community
In the study of multi-host parasites, it is often found that host species contribute asymmetrically to parasite transmission. Yet in natural populations, identifying which hosts contribute to parasite transmission and maintenance is a recurring challenge. Here, we approach this issue by taking advantage of natural variation in the composition of a host community. We studied the brine shrimps Artemia franciscana and Artemia parthenogenetica and their microsporidian parasites Anostracospora rigaudi and Enterocytospora artemiae. Previous laboratory experiments had shown that each host can transmit both parasites, but could not predict their actual contributions to the parasites' maintenance in the field. To resolve this, we gathered long-term prevalence data from a metacommunity of these species. Metacommunity patches could contain either or both of the Artemia host species, so that the presence of the hosts could be linked directly to the persistence of the parasites. First, we show that the microsporidian A. rigaudi is a spillover parasite: it was unable to persist in the absence of its maintenance host A. parthenogenetica. This result was particularly striking, as A. rigaudi displayed both high prevalence (in the field) and high infectivity (when tested in the laboratory) in both hosts. Moreover, the seasonal presence of A. parthenogenetica imposed seasonality on the rate of spillover, causing cyclical pseudo-endemics in the spillover host A. franciscana. Second, while our prevalence data was sufficient to identify E. artemiae as either a spillover or a facultative multi-host parasite, we could not distinguish between the two possibilities. This study supports the importance of studying the community context of multi-host parasites, and demonstrates that in appropriate multi-host systems, sampling across a range of conditions and host communities can lead to clear conclusions about the drivers of parasite persistence.
Datasets from: The distribution of covert natural enemies of a globally invasive crop pest, the fall armyworm, in Africa; enemy-release and spillover events
<p>These datasets are for the analyses carried out in paper in Journal of Animal Ecology titled 'The distribution of covert natural enemies of a globally invasive crop pest, the fall armyworm, in Africa; enemy-release and spillover events.' The authors of the paper are Amy J. Withers, Annabel Rice, Jolanda de Boer, Philip Donkersley, Aislinn J. Pearson, Gilson Chipabika, Patrick Karangwa, Bellancile Uzayisenga, Benjamin A. Mensah, Samuel Adjei Mensah, Phillip Obed Yobe Nkunika, Donald Kachigamba, Judith A. Smith, Christopher M. Jones and Kenneth Wilson<span>.</span></p> <p><span><span> </span></span><span>Invasive species pose a significant threat to biodiversity and agriculture worldwide, and here we investigated the prevalence of natural enemies in fall armyworm</span><span> (</span><em>Spodoptera frugiperda</em><span>) </span><span>in Africa</span><span>. </span><span>This study aimed to identify which microbial pathogens are present in invasive fall armyworm, and determine the geographical, meteorological, and temporal variables that influence prevalence. </span><span>Larval samples were screened from Malawi, Rwanda, Kenya, Zambia, Sudan, and Ghana for the presence of four different microbial natural enemies; two nucleopolyhedroviruses, Spodoptera frugiperda NPV (SfMNPV) and Spodoptera exempta NPV (SpexNPV); the fungal pathogen </span><em>Metarhizium rileyi</em><span>;</span><span> and the bacterium </span><em>Wolbachia</em><span>. One dataset (</span>ALL_diseaseprevalence_year_season<span>) includes the results of this screening for all four microbial nartural enemies and sampling information, the other dataset (</span>SfMNPVprevalence_weather_topographic_temporal_variables<span>) includes the results for SfMNPV and sampling information alongside variables relating to temperature, rainfall, elevation, growing season and time since the fall armyworm first arrived in each country. These variables were used to investigate whether SfMNPV prevalence was affected by</span><span> </span><span>geographical, meteorological or temporal variables.</span></p>
Replication package for: "The Short- and Long-Run Impacts of Free Education on Schooling: Direct Effects and Intra-household Spillovers"
<p>The replication package contains the following folders: (1) The "do" folder, which contains all ".do" and ".R" files used to reproduce all figures and tables in the paper and the appendix; (2) The "outputs" folder, which stores all figures and tables; and (3) The "add-ons" folder, which includes all necessary Stata or R add-on packages. Additionally, the replication package contains a README PDF file to illustrate the result replication procedure.</p>
Differentiating spillover: an examination of cross-habitat movement
<p>The movement of organisms between habitats is a fundamental process that occurs within all ecological disciplines. Once the organism has entered a recipient habitat, its behavior generates a movement pattern as it may remain, move on, return, or constantly move between, producing different population dynamics and environmental changes. Originally, "spillover" was one of these distinct patterns - the uni-directional movement from a donor habitat to a different, adjacent recipient habitat. However, ecological definitions of spillover have become overly generalized to include any cross-habitat movement. As spillover research has nearly doubled since 2018, it is imperative to have universal nomenclature and methods that can quantify the term. This will allow us to advance our understanding of organism behavior in dynamic landscapes. To assess how spillover has been addressed within empirical literature, we reviewed 337 studies and organized them into the ecological disciplines of agriculture, disease, fisheries, and habitat fragmentation. Each study's definition of spillover and the methods used to quantify the term was analyzed using four definition criteria that differentiates different cross-habitat movement patterns. We then determined the specificity of the definition and if the methods used matched the definition provided. Authors often define spillover as a movement (45%) but assess the location of organisms instead (96%). Additionally, 98% of studies assume direct movement out of the donor habitat, which can lead to an over-estimation of movement distance and spillover effect within the recipient habit. Overall, few studies (12%) included methods that matched their own definition, revealing a distinct mismatch. This was particularly noticeable within the fisheries discipline, likely the result of studies incorporating 1.5-fold more criteria within their definitions. There is much theory of the potential impact of organism movement, yet different movement patterns are often not differentiated empirically. Thus, the actual impact within natural systems is unclear. This ambiguity additionally limits communication and collaboration that need universal definitions and methodology. Techniques that quantify movement directly, such as tracking and capture-mark-recapture, are more suited to understanding effective long-term management implications and the impacts of disturbance on populations and communities.</p>
Data for: Connectedness and spillover effect between cryptocurrency and financial assets
<p><span>Cryptocurrencies have quickly become one type of important financial asset. Accordingly, it is important to understand the interaction between cryptocurrency and other financial asset markets. However, previous literature paid less attention to the correlation between the price trend of cryptocurrencies and other financial assets. Using the vector autoregression model, we analyzed price correlation and spillover effect between cryptocurrencies and financial assets between November 2017 and February 2022. The study concludes that stock price has a spillover effect on cryptocurrencies, government bonds, and precious metals. The research results are useful while allocating portfolios or hedge strategies that include cryptocurrencies and financial assets such as stocks, government bonds, and precious metals.</span></p>
Global misinformation spillovers in the online vaccination debate before and during COVID-19
<p>The dataset includes all the ids of the tweets analysed in the paper "Global misinformation spillovers in the online vaccination debate before and during COVID-19", divided by lang.</p> <p>They are all the tweets containing vaccines keywords in 18 different European languages, spanning the period October 2019 - March 2021 (excluded 2020 Jan - 2020 Jun).</p> <p>Note that a large fraction of the tweets can't be retrieved because of the suspension of the accounts and the removal of the posts by the users, so the study is only partially reproducible.</p> <p>The unzipped dataset has a dimension of 8,0G.</p> <p>The authors of the paper are: Lenti J, Mejova Y, Kalimeri K, Panisson A, Paolotti D, Tizzani M, Starnini M.</p>
Effectiveness, Implementation and Spillover Effects of a Culturally Adapted DPP in Spanish Primary Care Centers
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06871059. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Spillover Effects of Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Interventions on Child Health
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02396407. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 7.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.