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56 results for “stem anatomy”
Data from: Growing at the arid edge: Leaf anatomy variations are more extensive than stems in five Mediterranean species across contrasting moisture regimes-all the raw data of the anatomic measurements
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FIG. 3 in Anatomy, affinities, and evolutionary implications of new silicified stems of Sphenophyllum Brongniart, 1828 from the early Carboniferous (Mississippian) of France and Germany
FIG. 3. — Specimen from Puech de la Suque, Montagne Noire, France (MN201): A, MN201-E2, general view showing several fragments of plants inside a partly decayed Clepsydropsis leclercqii Galtier, 1966 (Cl). A young Sphenophyllum stem (S) in transverse view is present at the bottom right; B, MN201-E2, general view of the Sphenophyllum stem on A showing the ribbed cortex (C) and the triangular stele with three protoxylem strands (arrows); C, MN201-E2, detail of the triangular stele; note the small lacunae in the best preserved protoxylem strand (arrow); D, MN201-E2, detail of the cortex; E, same specimen as A-D (MN201-F1) at another level, less well preserved but showing branching; F, same photo than E with the outline indicated in yellow, as well as the location of the primary xylem of the main axis (a) and of a lateral axis (b) also viewed in transverse section; the general outline of the cortex and oblique orientation of the tissue suggest the existence of another lateral organ towards the top of the photo (c); the tissues in the upper right corner correspond to part of the xylem of a Clepsydropsis Unger, 1856 rachis. Scale bars: A, 2 mm; B, E, 500 µm; C, D, 100 µm.
FIG. 4 in Anatomy, affinities, and evolutionary implications of new silicified stems of Sphenophyllum Brongniart, 1828 from the early Carboniferous (Mississippian) of France and Germany
FIG. 4. — Specimen from Coumiac,Montagne Noire, France (MN911):A, slide MN911-A1,general view of the specimen above the level of branching,showing a main axis (a) on the left with a trace to a leaf (l) and a smaller axis (b) on the right;this section corresponds to the level 7 on Figure 7; B, slide MN911-A1,general view of the main axis in transverse section showing the cortex with six lobes and triangular primary xylem (arrows); C, slide MN911-A1,detail of the stele on A; note the presence of lacunae (arrow) at the extremity of each arm of the stele and the lack of secondary vascular tissues;D, slide MN911-A2,pitting on the primary xylem of an outgoing branch trace;E, slide MN911-A2, general view of the smaller axis shown on A; note smaller size of the primary xylem compared to B; F, slide MN911-A2,detail of the largest axis showing outgoing paired vascular traces at the extremity of the arm; G, slide MN911-A2, detail of F showing the protoxylem strand (arrow) and two outgoing traces (lt); H-K, successive sections showing the branching of the axis; H, below the division; I, node with leaves; J, branching; K, branching complete. These photos correspond to the levels 1, 2, 4, and 5 on Figure 7 and to polished surfaces MN911-B1i, MN911-B1s, MN911-B2s, and MN911-B3i. Scale bars: A, H-K, 1 mm; B, E, F, 200 µm; C, 80 µm; D, 50 µm.
FIG. 6 in Anatomy, affinities, and evolutionary implications of new silicified stems of Sphenophyllum Brongniart, 1828 from the early Carboniferous (Mississippian) of France and Germany
FIG. 6. — Specimens with secondary growth from Kahlleite, Germany (KLC4 & KLC3): A, B, slides KLC4-A1 and KLC4-B1, general view of KLC4 in transverse sections at two different levels showing the triangular stele with three strands of protoxylem (arrows) and the outer cortex with 7 (A) or 6 (B) ridges; C, slide KLC4-B1, detail of the protostele in KLC 4 in transverse section showing a lacuna in at least one of the protoxylem locations; D, slide KLC4-B1, detail of the primary (X1) and secondary (X2) xylem in KLC4; note the files of secondary xylem tracheids separated by rays (arrows); E, slide KLC4-B1, detail of the outer cortex showing a decrease in cell diameter towards the outside of the stem (top of the image); F, slide KLC3-C, centre of KLC3 in a region where the center is preserved; arrows indicate the tip of the three arms of the actinostele; G, slide KLC3-C, detail of the protostele of KLC3 showing a primary xylem pole (arrow) and the development of secondary xylem (X2) around the primary xylem (X1); H, slide KLC3-C, detail of the secondary xylem in KLC 3 showing tracheids and rays (arrows) in transverse section. Scale bars: A, B, 500 µm; C, 200 µm; D, H, 50 µm; E, 20 µm; F, 250 µm; G, 100 µm.
FIG. 5 in Anatomy, affinities, and evolutionary implications of new silicified stems of Sphenophyllum Brongniart, 1828 from the early Carboniferous (Mississippian) of France and Germany
FIG. 5. — Specimen with secondary growth from Puech de la Suque, Montagne Noire, France (MN864): A, slide MN864-C1, general view of the specimen in transverse section; the cortex is flattened but the central vascular tissues are not distorted; B, slide MN864-C1, central part of the axis in transverse section showing the cortex (C), the triangular shape of the primary xylem (X1), the position of the protoxylem (arrows), and a little development of secondary xylem (X2); a lacuna is present at the location of the protoxylem in the top right arm of the stele; C, slide MN864-C1, detail of secondary xylem (X2) in transverse section, with row of tracheids and possible ray cells (arrows); D, slide MN864-C1, more or less radial section through the stem showing the central part composed of primary and secondary xylem (X) and cortex (C); E, slide MN864-A5, detail of the box on element D showing possible tangentially elongated pits on the radial wall of secondary xylem tracheids; F, slide MN864-C1, detail of the cortex in transverse section showing a decrease in cell size and increase in wall thickness towards the periphery of the axis; G, slide MN864-A5, longitudinal section showing elongated cells of the cortex; H, slide MN864-A5, longitudinal section at a node showing the cortex (C) and a leaf base (l) cut obliquely; I, slide MN864-A5, detail of the leaf base on H; J, slide MN864-A6, longitudinal section at a node showing the cortex (C) and a leaf (l) showing its length and thickness. Scale bars: A, H, J, 500 µm; B, I, 200 µm; C, E-G, 50 µm; D, 250 µm.
FIGURE 3. Phyllanthus pterocaulis M.J in A new Critically Endangered species of stone breaker (Phyllanthus, Phyllanthaceae) from Central Brazil, with notes on its leaf and stem anatomy
FIGURE 3. Phyllanthus pterocaulis M.J. Silva. Distribution map.
FIG. 4 in Stem and caudex anatomy of succulent plant species
FIG. 4. — Transverse sections of stem and caudices, unless otherwise noted: A-C, Adenia glauca Schinz; A, caudex, conjunctive tissue; B, caudex, wood gelatinous fibers; C, caudex, parenchymatous wood; D-E, Cyphostemma juttae (Dinter & Gilg) Desc.; D, stem, multiseriate rays; E, caudex, parenchymatous wood; F, caudex wood, vasicentric enlarged axial parenchyma. Abbreviations: mr, multiseriate rays; sp, secondary phloem; ct, conjunctive tissue; p, enlarged parenchyma cells. Scale bars: 50 µm.
FIGURE 1 in Stem anatomy and its systematic implication in Bufonia (Caryophyllaceae, Sagineae) and related genera
FIGURE 1. Cross-section of the stem in a perennial species, Bufonia virgata Boissier (1867: 665).
Figure 6 in Feeding mechanics in Triassic stem-group sauropterygians: the anatomy of a successful invasion of Mesozoic seas
Figure 6. Hypothetical reconstruction of the jaw adductor musculature in Henodus chelyops. Superficial view of jaw addductor musculature. Abbreviations: amem, m. adductor mandibulae externus medialis; amep, m. adductor mandibulae externus profundus; ames-1b, 1b-portion of m. adductor mandibulae externus superficialis; bo.ap, bodenaponeurosis; dm, depressor mandibulae; m.pt, m. pterygoideus.
Figure 5 in Feeding mechanics in Triassic stem-group sauropterygians: the anatomy of a successful invasion of Mesozoic seas
Figure 5. Hypothetical reconstruction of the jaw adductor musculature in Placochelys placodonta. A–C, Successively deeper layers of dissection. Abbreviations: amem, m. adductor mandibulae externus medialis; amep, m. adductor mandibulae externus profundus; ames-1b, 1b-portion of m. adductor mandibulae externus superficialis; amp, m. adductor mandibulae posterior; bo.ap, bodenaponeurosis; dm, depressor mandibulae; m.ps, m. pseudotemporalis; m.pt, m. pterygoideus.
FIGURE 6 in Comparative anatomy of young stems and leaves of 16 Dalbergia species (Fabaceae) from Madagascar and their taxonomic significance
FIGURE 6. Cross-sections in the midrib, shape, vascularization and type of bundle sheath. A. Dalbergia lemurica, flat-flat, flat arc and bundle sheath type I on abaxial side of vascular bundle. B. D. abrahamii, flat-slightly convex, flat arc and bundle sheath type I partially surrounds the vascular bundle, inset show the large parenchyma cells, thin-walled, irregularly shaped. C. D. obtusa, slightly-fat convex, U-shaped vascular bundle and bundle sheath type II completely surrounds the vascular bundle. Inset shows the parenchyma cells, thickwalled, round shaped. D. D. razakamalalae, flat-convex, U-shaped and bundle sheath type II partially surrounds the vascular bundle. E. D. baronii, flat-strongly convex, V-shaped, bundle sheath type I partially surrounds the vascular bundle. F. D. purpurascens, slightly convex-convex, flat arc, bundle sheath type I at left and right sides of vascular bundle. G. D. bathiei, concave-convex, V-shaped, bundle sheath type I almost completely surrounds the vascular bundle. H. D. pseudobaronii, strongly concave-convex, flat arc and bundle sheath type I completely surrounds the vascular bundle. BSh.I: Bundle sheath type I, BSh.II: Bundle sheath type II.
FIGURE 5 in Comparative anatomy of young stems and leaves of 16 Dalbergia species (Fabaceae) from Madagascar and their taxonomic significance
FIGURE 5. Cross-sections of the lamina. A. D. greveana, three layers of palisade parenchyma, two layers of hypoderm. B. D. baronii, hypodermis, abaxial epidermis papillose C. Dalbergia chlorocarpa, one layer of palisade parenchyma. D. D. normandii, one to two layers of palisade parenchyma. E. D. urschii, two layers of palisade parenchyma, intercellular spaces in spongy parenchyma. F. D. razakamalalae, mesophyll entirely occupied by 5 layers of palisade parenchyma. G. D. lemurica, starch grains in spongy parenchyma. H. D. purpurascens, styloid in palisade parenchyma. Ab. E: abaxial epidermis, Ad. E: adaxial epidermis, is: intercellular space, h: hypodermis, sg: starch grain, ep: epidermis papillose, st: styloid, pp: palisade parenchyma, sp: spongy parenchyma.
Figure 8 in Cranial anatomy of the stem salamander Kokartus honorarius (Amphibia: Caudata) from the Middle Jurassic of Kyrgyzstan
Figure 8. Spinal cord supports in the neural canal of the vertebrae of Caudata. A, B, Andrias sp., USNM 218487. A, atlas in anterior view. B, trunk vertebra in anterior view. C, D, Kokartus honorarius, ZIN PH 66/47. C, D, fragment of trunk vertebra in anterolateral or posterolateral and dorsolateral views. Arrows indicate spinal cord supports. Scale bar for C, D = 2 mm.
Figure 6. Kokartus honorarius, isolated cranial bones. A, B, CCMGE 94 in Cranial anatomy of the stem salamander Kokartus honorarius (Amphibia: Caudata) from the Middle Jurassic of Kyrgyzstan
Figure 6. Kokartus honorarius, isolated cranial bones. A, B, CCMGE 94/12937, CCMGE 111/12937, right premaxilla. C, D, CCMGE 1/11998, left frontal (holotype), in ventral and dorsal views. E, F, CCMGE 3/12937, left parietale and frontale, in dorsal and ventral views. G, CCMGE 5/12937, left pterygoid in dorsal view. H, I, CCMGE 3/11998, parasphenoid in ventral and dorsal views. Abbreviations: ap, alary process of premaxilla; apt, anterior process of pterygoid; if, internarial fenestra; ip, incisure of parasphenoid rostrum; lp, lateral process of frontal; vr, ventral ridge. Scale bars = 5 mm.
High-resolution transcriptome analysis of mouse subventricular zone reveals features of stem cell lineage, anatomy, and aging
GEO Series GSE107220. Mus musculus. 8 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Figure 11 in Cranial anatomy of the stem salamander Kokartus honorarius (Amphibia: Caudata) from the Middle Jurassic of Kyrgyzstan
Figure 11. Reconstruction of Kokartus honorarius as a neotenic salamander. Drawn by V. N. Glinskiy.
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