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545 results for “synchronization”
Data for: Land use change and coastal water darkening drive synchronous dynamics in phytoplankton and fish phenology on centennial time scales
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Data from: Ecological and anthropogenic drivers of waterfowl productivity are synchronous across species, space, and time
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Data from: Bioelectrical synchronization of Picea abies during a solar eclipse
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Spatial, environmental, and functional distances among temporal ponds attenuate synchronization, stabilizing plant richness and biomass dynamics
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Data and code from: 3D-SOCS: synchronized video capture for posture estimation
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Data for: Is there synchronicity between brachiopod diversity changes and palaeobiogeographical shifts across the Late Ordovician mass extinction?
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Data from: Coincident development and synchronization of sleep-dependent delta in the cortex and medulla
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Toulouse Campus Surveillance Dataset: scenarios, soundtracks, synchronized videos with overlapping and disjoint views
<p>The Toulouse Campus surveillance Dataset, named ToCaDa, contains two sets of 25 temporally synchronized videos corresponding to two scripted scenarios.<br> <br> With the help of about 50 persons (actors and camera holders), these videos were shot on July 17th 2017 at 9:50 a.m. and 11:04 a.m. respectively.<br> <br> Among the cameras:<br> • 9 were located inside the main building and shot from the windows at different floors. All these cameras are focusing the car park and the path leading to the main entrance of the building with large overlapping fields of view.<br> • 8 were located in front of the building and filmed it with large overlapping fields of view.<br> • 8 cameras were arranged further, scattered around the university campus. Each of their views is disjoint from all the others.<br> <br> About 20 actors were asked to follow two realistic scenarios by performing scripted actions, like driving a car, walking, entering or leaving a building, or holding an item in hand while being filmed.<br> <br> In addition to ordinary actions, some suspicious behaviors are present.</p> <p><strong>Irregularities:</strong></p> <p>Due to the wide variety of devices used during the shooting of the two scenarios, issues were encountered on some cameras, leading to videos where a few seconds are lacking. To ensure temporal synchronization between videos, black frames were added on the missing intervals of time. We list these particular videos and their lacking times below:</p> <p>F1C3: the first 66 seconds are missing.<br> F1C5: the first 2 seconds are missing.<br> F1C8: the first 3 seconds are missing.<br> F1C13: the first 10 seconds are missing.<br> F1C15: the first second is missing.<br> F1C19: the first second is missing.<br> F2C1: the video is accelerated and only lasts a few seconds. We thus did not provide it.<br> F2C6: lacks from 4:01 to 4:12 and from 4:25 to 4:28.<br> F2C16: lack from 5:15 to 5:26.</p> <p>Some videos were recorded with mobile devices whose pixel resolution was lower than 1920 x 1080:</p> <p>F1C3 and F2C3: pixel resolution is 1280 x 720.<br> F1C4 and F2C4: pixel resolution is 640 x 480.<br> F1C15 and F2C15: pixel resolution is 1280 x 720.<br> F1C20 and F2C20: pixel resolution is 1440 x 1080.<br> <br> More detailed information about the position of the cameras can be found on the following link:<br> <a href="http://ubee.enseeiht.fr/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=public:tocada">http://ubee.enseeiht.fr/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=public:tocada</a><br> <br> <strong>Citation</strong><br> T. Malon, G. Roman-Jimenez, P. Guyot, S. Chambon, V. Charvillat, A. Crouzil, A. Péninou, J. Pinquier, F. Sèdes and C. Sénac, Toulouse campus surveillance dataset: scenarios, soundtracks, synchronized videos with overlapping and disjoint views, ACM Multimedia Systems Conference, 2018.</p>
supplementary materials (source code and raw experimental results) for the paper Precision, Recall, and Sensitivity of Monitoring Partially Synchronous Distributed Programs
<p>This is the supplementary materials (source code and raw experimental results) for the paper Precision, Recall, and Sensitivity of Monitoring Partially Synchronous Distributed Systems.</p> <p>Please contact Duong Nguyen (<a href="mailto:nguye476@msu.edu">nguye476@msu.edu</a>) for any questions.</p> <p>Content:</p> <pre><code>TPDS-Precision-Recall-Upload | +- program: source code | +- aws-experiment: source code for running programs and monitors on Amazon Web Service (AWS) | +- interval-based | +- lib: relevant libraries for compiling code | +- wcp-process: source code of programs | +- wcp_process_compile_and_export_jar.sh: script for compiling program | +- simulations: source code for simulations | +- data: experiment and simulation results</code></pre>
Paired fruit flies synchronize behavior - data
<p>This contains the .mat file with behavioral labels, heading direction, and centroid data for female/female, male/male, and courtship (female/male) pairings of <em>Drosophila melanogaster. </em></p> <p> </p>
Data from: Visualizing mineralization processes and fossil anatomy using synchronous synchrotron X-ray fluorescence and X-ray diffraction mapping
<p>Fossils, including those that occasionally preserve decay-prone soft-tissues, are mostly made of minerals. Accessing their chemical composition provides unique insight into their past biology and/or the mechanisms by which they preserve, leading to a series of developments in chemical and elemental imaging. However, the mineral composition of fossils, particularly where soft-tissues are preserved, is often only inferred indirectly from elemental data, while X-ray diffraction that specifically provides phase identification received little attention. Here, we show the use of synchrotron radiation to generate not only X-ray fluorescence elemental maps of a fossil, but also mineralogical maps in transmission geometry using a two-dimensional area detector placed behind the fossil. This innovative approach was applied to millimetre-thick cross-sections prepared through three-dimensionally preserved fossils, as well as to compressed fossils. It identifies and maps mineral phases and their distribution at the microscale over centimetre-sized areas, benefitting from the elemental information collected synchronously, and further informs on texture (preferential orientation), crystallites size and local strain. Probing such crystallographic information is instrumental in defining mineralization sequences, reconstructing the fossilization environment and constraining preservation biases. Similarly, this approach could potentially provide new knowledge on other (bio)mineralization processes in environmental sciences. We also illustrate that mineralogical contrasts between fossil tissues and/or the encasing sedimentary matrix can be used to visualize hidden anatomies in fossils.</p>
Control strategies and electric drive design of induction and synchronous reluctance motors for e-mobility
<p>Second webinar of ReFreeDrive's webinar series. This webinar presents the control algorithms developed for both technologies, as well as the electric drive design (power electronics).</p>
Introduction to and application of synchronization theory
<p><strong>Abstract of the lecture</strong></p> <p>In nature, oscillations are one of the main forms of motion and these oscillating systems are not isolated. So, they interact, communicate in different kinds of complex ways. With this, synchronization is the most fundamental phenomenon exhibited by these systems. In the first part this talk, the basics of synchronization theory will be discussed. Applications of synchronization theory will be demonstrated in different engineering and natural systems, in the second part of my lecture. The engineering systems include thermoacoustic system, aeroelastic system, and natural circulation loop. Through these applications, we will discuss how synchronization theory helps not only describing different transitional phenomena but also indicating the possible control measures.</p> <p><strong>References:</strong></p> <ol> <li>Mondal, S., Unni, V. R., & Sujith, R. I. (2017). Onset of thermoacoustic instability in turbulent combustors: an emergence of synchronized periodicity through formation of chimera-like states. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 811, 659.</li> <li>Mondal, S., Pawar, S. A., & Sujith, R. I. (2017). Synchronous behaviour of two interacting oscillatory systems undergoing quasiperiodic route to chaos. Chaos: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science, 27(10), 103119.</li> <li>Thomas, N., Mondal, S., Pawar, S. A., & Sujith, R. I. (2018). Effect of time-delay and dissipative coupling on amplitude death in coupled thermoacoustic oscillators. Chaos: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science, 28(3), 033119.</li> <li>Dange, S., Manoj, K., Banerjee, S., Pawar, S. A., Mondal, S., & Sujith, R. I. (2019). Oscillation quenching and phase-flip bifurcation in coupled thermoacoustic systems. Chaos: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science, 29(9), 093135.</li> <li>Raaj, A., Venkatramani, J., & Mondal, S. (2019). Synchronization of pitch and plunge motions during intermittency route to aeroelastic flutter. Chaos: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science, 29(4), 043129.</li> <li>Mondal, S., Pawar, S. A., & Sujith, R. I. (2019). Forced synchronization and asynchronous quenching of periodic oscillations in a thermoacoustic system. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 864, 73-96.</li> <li>Roy, A., Mondal, S., Pawar, S. A., & Sujith, R. I. (2020). On the mechanism of open-loop control of thermoacoustic instability in a laminar premixed combustor. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 884.</li> </ol>
Temporal instability of lake charr phenotypes: Synchronicity of growth rates and morphology linked to environmental variables?
<p>Pathways through which phenotypic variation among individuals arise can be complex. One assumption often made in relation to intraspecific diversity is that the stability or predictability of the environment will interact with expression of the underlying phenotypic variation. <span>To address</span> biological complexity below the species level<span>, we investigated variability across years in morphology and annual growth increments between and within two sympatric lake charr <i>Salvelinus namaycush</i> ecotypes in Rush Lake, USA. </span>A rapid phenotypic shift in body and head shape was found within a decade. The magnitude and direction of the observed phenotypic change was consistent in both ecotypes, which suggests similar pathways caused the variation over time. Over the same time period, annual growth increments declined for both lake charr ecotypes and corresponded with a consistent phenotypic shift of each ecotype. Despite ecotype-specific annual growth changes in response to winter conditions, the observed annual growth shift for both ecotypes was linked, to some degree, with variation in the environment. Particularly, a declining trend in regional cloud cover was associated with an increase of early stage (ages 1-3) annual growth for lake charr of Rush Lake. Underlying mechanisms causing changes in growth rates and constrained morphological modulation are not fully understood. An improved knowledge of the biology hidden within the expression of phenotypic variation promises to clarify our understanding of temporal morphological diversity and instability.</p>
Data associated with "Modulation of intercolumnar synchronization by endogenous electric fields in cerebral cortex"
<p>These is data associated with the article "Modulation of intercolumnar synchronization by endogenous electric fields in cerebral cortex" in Science Advances 2021, by the same authors.</p>
Synchronization of seasonal acclimatization and short-term heat hardening improves physiological resilience in a changing climate
<p><b>Summary</b></p> <p>1. Animal survival and species distribution in the face of global warming and increasing occurrences of heatwave largely depend on how heat tolerance shifts with plastic responses at different spatiotemporal scales, including long-term acclimation/acclimatization and short-term heat hardening. However, knowledge about the interaction of these plastic responses is still unclear.</p> <p>2. To understand how plastic responses at different timescales work together to adjust heat tolerance of organisms, we examined the effect of heat hardening on the upper thermal limits of an intertidal mudflat bivalve, the razor clam <i>Sinonovacula constricta</i>, for different seasons by using heart rate as a proxy.</p> <p>3. We observed a stronger heat hardening response of<i> S. constricta</i> in warm seasons, implying that heat hardening worked synchronously with seasonal acclimatization to increase resistance of the clams to high temperatures in warm seasons. In warm seasons, heat hardening increased heat tolerance by 2-4<sup>°</sup>C and showed a 24-h temporal dependence, suggesting an adaptation to the diel fluctuation of thermal regimes in summer.</p> <p>4. Furthermore, thermal stress resembling seasonal maximum environmental temperature induced stronger heat hardening effects, indicating that heat hardening is an essential plastic response to extreme hot weather, complementing seasonal acclimatization.</p> <p>5. Our results suggest that high temperature risk can be alleviated jointly by seasonal acclimatization and heat hardening, and emphasize the importance of considering physiological plasticity on both long-term and short-term temporal scales in evaluating and forecasting vulnerability of organisms to climate change.</p>
Data from: Estimating synchronous demographic changes across populations using hABC and its application for a herpetological community from northeastern Brazil
Many studies propose that Quaternary climatic cycles contracted and /or expanded the ranges of species and biomes. Strong expansion-contraction dynamics of biomes presume concerted demographic changes of associated fauna. The analysis of temporal concordance of demographic changes can be used to test the influence of Quaternary climate on diversification processes. Hierarchical approximate Bayesian computation (hABC) is a powerful and flexible approach that models genetic data from multiple species, and can be used to estimate the temporal concordance of demographic processes. Using available single-locus data we can now perform large-scale analyses, both in terms of number of species and geographic scope. Here we first compared the power of four alternative hABC models for a collection of single-locus data. We found that the model incorporating an a priori hypothesis about the timing of simultaneous demographic change had the best performance. Secondly, we applied the hABC models to a dataset of 7 squamate and 4 amphibian species occurring in the Seasonally Dry Tropical Forests (Caatinga) in Northeastern Brazil, which, according to paleoclimatic evidence, experienced an increase in aridity during the Pleistocene. If this increase was important for the diversification of associated xeric-adapted species, simultaneous population expansions should be evident at the community level. We found a strong signal of synchronous population expansion in the Late Pleistocene, supporting the expansion of the Caatinga during this time. This expansion likely enhanced the formation of communities adapted to high aridity and seasonality and caused regional extirpation of taxa adapted to wet forest.
Data from: Synchronized mating signals in a communication network: the challenge of avoiding predators while attracting mates
Conspicuous mating signals attract mates but also expose signalers to predators and parasites. Signal evolution, therefore, is driven by conflicting selective pressures from multiple receivers, both target and nontarget. Synchronization of mating signals, for example, is an evolutionary puzzle given the assumed high cost of reduced female attraction when signals overlap. Synchronization may be beneficial, however, if overlapping signals reduce attraction of nontarget receivers. We investigate how signal synchronization is shaped by the tradeoff between natural and sexual selection in two anuran species: pug-nosed tree frogs (<i>Smilisca sila</i>), in which males produce mating calls in near-perfect synchrony, and túngara frogs (<i>Engystomops pustulosus</i>), in which males alternate their calls. To examine the tradeoff imposed by signal synchronization, we conducted field and laboratory playback experiments on eavesdropping enemies (bats and midges) and target receivers (female frogs). Our results suggest that, while synchronization can be a general strategy for signalers to reduce their exposure to eavesdroppers, relaxed selection by females for unsynchronized calls is key to the evolution and maintenance of signal synchrony. This study highlights the role of relaxed selection in our understanding the origin of mating signals and displays.
Data from: Why is Amazonia a 'source' of biodiversity? climate-mediated dispersal and synchronous speciation across the Andes in an avian group (Tityrinae)
Amazonia is a 'source' of biodiversity for other Neotropical ecosystems, but which conditions trigger in situ speciation and emigration is contentious. Three hypotheses for how communities have assembled include (1) a stochastic model wherein chance dispersal events lead to gradual emigration and species accumulation, (2) diversity-dependence wherein successful dispersal events decline through time due to ecological limits, and (3) barrier displacement wherein environmental change facilitates dispersal to other biomes via transient habitat corridors. We sequenced thousands of molecular markers for the Neotropical Tityrinae (Aves) and applied a novel filtering protocol to identify loci with high utility for dated phylogenomics. We used these loci to estimate divergence times and model Tityrinae's evolutionary history. We detected a prominent role for speciation driven by barriers including synchronous speciation across the Andes, and found that dispersal increased toward the present. Because diversification was continuous but dispersal was non-random over time, we show that barrier displacement better explains Tityrinae's history than stochasticity or diversity-dependence. We propose that Amazonia is a source of biodiversity because (1) it is a relic of a biome that was once more extensive, (2) environmentally-mediated corridors facilitated emigration, and (3) constant diversification is attributed to a spatially heterogeneous landscape that is perpetually dynamic through time.
Data from: Rethinking 'normal': the role of stochasticity in the phenology of a synchronously breeding seabird
1. Phenological changes have been observed in a variety of systems over the past century. There is concern that, as a consequence, ecological interactions are becoming increasingly mismatched in time, with negative consequences for ecological function. 2. Significant spatial heterogeneity (inter-site) and temporal variability (inter-annual) can make it difficult to separate intrinsic, extrinsic, and stochastic drivers of phenological variability. The goal of this study was to understand the timing and variability of breeding phenology of Adélie penguins under fixed environmental conditions, and to use those data to identify a 'null model' appropriate for disentangling the sources of variation in wild populations. 3. Data on clutch initiation were collected from both wild and captive populations of Adélie penguins. Clutch initiation in the captive population was modeled as a function of year, individual, and age to better understand phenological patterns observed in the wild population. 4. Captive populations displayed as much inter-annual variability in breeding phenology as wild populations, suggesting that variability in breeding phenology is the norm and thus may be an unreliable indicator of environmental forcing. The distribution of clutch initiation dates was found to be moderately asymmetric (right skewed) both in the wild and in captivity, consistent with the pattern expected under social facilitation. 5. The role of stochasticity in phenological processes has heretofore been largely ignored. However, these results suggest that inter-annual variability in breeding phenology can arise independent of any environmental or demographic drivers and that synchronous breeding can enhance inherent stochasticity. This complicates efforts to relate phenological variation to environmental variability in the wild. Accordingly, we must be careful to consider random forcing in phenological processes, lest we fit models to data dominated by random noise. This is particularly true for colonial species where breeding synchrony may outweigh each individual's effort to time breeding with optimal environmental conditions. Our study highlights the importance of identifying appropriate null models for studying phenology.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.