Find research datasets worth reusing

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2010View details →

Figure 10. Character 36 in A taxonomic revision of Camptocerus Dejean (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae)

Figure 10. Character 36: Mesosternum shape (A) type A (state 0; Camptocerus aeneipennis); (B) type B (state 1; C. costatus); (C) type C (state 2; C. rectus); (D) type D (state 3; C. mallopterus); (E) type E (state 4; C. latipilis); (F) type F (state 5; Cnemonyx vestitus); (G) type G (state 6; C. boliviae); (H) type H (state 7; Scolytopsis peruanus); (I) type I (state 8; Scolytus propinquus); (J) type J (state 9; S. ventralis LeConte; (K) type K (state A; S. multistriatus (Marsham)); (L) type L (state B; Cnemonyx errans); (M) type M (state C; Scolytus schevyrewi); (N) type N (state D; S. excavatus); (O) type O (state E; Camptocerus zucca); (P) type P (state F; C. unicornus).

Figure 3 in Morphological variability and evaluation of taxonomic characters in the genus Erythemis Hagen, 1861 (Odonata: Libellulidae: Sympetrinae)

Figure 3. PCA diagrams for the first two factors using continuous characters as defined in the present study. a) Biplot shows distribution of morphological characters in M of Erythemis. Numbers represent the following ratio characters: 1) Lab/Lecv-clS3, 2) Lab/LcaS3, 3) LFW/Lnpt, 4) Lab/LclS3, 5) Antr /Lar, 6) Lar/Lba, 7) Acd/lban, 8) AnptHW/LoptHW, 9) Lnpt/Anb, 10) LHW/ Acd, 11) Lban/ Lasa-ca, 12) LHW/Lab, 13) Lban/Anb, 14) LHW/LFW, 15) Las/Ddas, 16) Lba/Lban, 17) LclS3/ LcaS3, 18) Lecv-clS3/LcaS3, 19) Las/Anas, 20) Lab/Las. b) Biplot shows distribution of morphological characters in F of Erythemis. Numbers represent the following characters: 1) Lab/ Lecv-clS3, 2) Lab/LcaS3 3) Lab/LclS3, 4) Lab/Las, 5) LHW/Acd, 6) Lban/Anb, 7) Lecv-clS3/LcaS3, 8) Acd/lban, 9) Lar/Lba, 10) Antr/Lar, 11) LFW/Lnpt, 12) AnptHW/LoptHW, 13) LHW/Lab. See above for abbreviations.

Figure 2 in Morphological variability and evaluation of taxonomic characters in the genus Erythemis Hagen, 1861 (Odonata: Libellulidae: Sympetrinae)

Figure 2. Plots of the first two discriminant functions of the discriminant analysis. a) The first two discriminant functions explain 72.5% in males, the cases in where species are overlapped were analyzed by separated in b. b) The first two discriminant functions explain 88.3% in males, and c) The first two discriminant functions explain 83.7% in F. Polygons define the limits of proposed groups.

Figure 1. a in Morphological variability and evaluation of taxonomic characters in the genus Erythemis Hagen, 1861 (Odonata: Libellulidae: Sympetrinae)

Figure 1. a) Plot showing continuous variation for the character distance between lateral and ventral carinae (dlvc), opposite to meeting point of lateral and medial transverse carinae on S3 (lmt). Numbers represent the following species: 1) E. attala, 2) E. carmelita, 3) E. collocata, 4) E. credula, 5) E. haematogastra, 6) E. mithroides, 7) E. peruviana, 8) E. plebeja, 9) E. simplicicollis, 10) E. vesiculosa. b) S1-3 E. carmelita males showing the measures from Williamson (1923): distance between lateral and ventral carinae (dlvc), divided by the measure of distance between meeting point of lateral and medial transverse carinae and ventral carinae (lmt).

Figures 10–17 in Morphological variability and evaluation of taxonomic characters in the genus Erythemis Hagen, 1861 (Odonata: Libellulidae: Sympetrinae)

Figures 10–17. Discrete characters of vulvar lamina, abdominal appendages, thorax, and femur. Numbers represent the following species: 10) E. peruviana female; 11) E. plebeja female; 12) E. simplicicollis male; 13) E. mithroides male; 14) E. vesiculosa male; 15) E. peruviana female; 16) E. vesiculosa female, 17) E. attala male. Abbreviations indicate the following characters, S 8 -S 9: Abdominal segments 8-9; LV: Vulvar lamina; Pb: Posterior border; Vt: Teeth ventral; Ai: Inferior appendage; As: Antehumeral stripe.

Figures 4–9. Morphometric characters. 4 in Morphological variability and evaluation of taxonomic characters in the genus Erythemis Hagen, 1861 (Odonata: Libellulidae: Sympetrinae)

Figures 4–9. Morphometric characters. 4) S1-3 of E. carmelita male, 5-6) E. simplicicollis male; 7) E. peruviana female; 8) FW of E. vesiculosa male; 9) E. simplicicollis male. Abbreviations indicate the following characters, LFW, LHW: FW or HW length; Lnpt: Nodus-pterostigma length; Antr: Triangle width; Lar: Arculus-second antenodal length; Lba: wing base-arculus length; Lban: Wing base-nodus length; Anpt: Pterostigma width; Lopt: Pterostigma length; Ansbt: Subtriangle width; Acd: HW discoidal field posterior border width; Anb: HW base width; Lasa-ca: Supplementary anal vein-Cu-A crossvein, Lab: Abdomen length; Las: Cercus length; Ddas: reach of teeth on ventral region of cercus; Anas: Anterolateral width of cercus; S: Abdominal segment 3; LclS3: Lateral carina length; LcaS3: 3 Apical carina length; Lecv: Ventral carina length; Lecv-clS3: Basal area between ventral-lateral carinae on S3; Wm: Width medial region of the abdominal segment; S 8: Abdominal segment 8; S 9: Abdominal segment 9; Lal: Female lamina length from base of basal lobe to apex.

Figures 18–25 in Morphological variability and evaluation of taxonomic characters in the genus Erythemis Hagen, 1861 (Odonata: Libellulidae: Sympetrinae)

Figures 18–25. Discrete characters of vesica spermalis. Numbers represent the following species: 18) E. mithroides, dorsal view; 19) E. carmelita, left side view; 20) E. vesiculosa, left side view; 21) E. peruviana, left side view; 22) E. credula, dorsal wiew; 23) E. haematogastra, right side view; 24) E. credula, finger-shaped structures, dorsal view; 25) E. plebeja, dorsal view. Abbreviations indicate the following characters, C: Cornua; L: Lateral lobe; H: Hook; Pb: Posterior border; M: Medial lobe; P: Posterior lobe; NH: Hook not bilobed.

Fig. 49 in Phylogeny, Taxonomic Revision, And Character Evolution Of The Genera Chiasmocleis And Syncope (Anura, Microhylidae) In Amazonia, With Descriptions Of Three New Species

Fig. 49. Optimization of absence (gray) and presence (black) of dermal spines (A, three steps) and of the amount of webbing in males (B, four steps) of Chiasmocleis. Optimizations of both characters required three and four steps, respectively for dermal spines and amount of webbing. Presence of spines is the plesiomorphic state, and they were lost three times independently, while the absence of webbing is the plesiomorphic state and it appears four times independently. Taxonomy updated to the one proposed in the present work. Chiasmocleis devriesi is nested within C. anatipes and is not shown.

Fig. 50 in Phylogeny, Taxonomic Revision, And Character Evolution Of The Genera Chiasmocleis And Syncope (Anura, Microhylidae) In Amazonia, With Descriptions Of Three New Species

Fig. 50. Optimization of absence (gray) and presence (black) of the femoral line in Chiasmocleis. Four equally parsimonious alternative explanations, with four steps each. Scenario (A) shows a single appearance of the femoral line, with three reversals; scenarios (B) and (C) depicts alternative scenarios, involving appearances and reversals to absence; scenario (D) postulates four independent appearances of the femoral line. Taxonomy updated to the one proposed in the present work. Chiasmocleis devriesi is nested within C. anatipes and is not shown.

Fig. 48 in Phylogeny, Taxonomic Revision, And Character Evolution Of The Genera Chiasmocleis And Syncope (Anura, Microhylidae) In Amazonia, With Descriptions Of Three New Species

Fig. 48. Advertisement call of Chiasmocleis royi. (A) Oscillogram and (B) spectrogram of a series of nine consecutive notes emitted by a calling male from the type locality, at Tambopata, Madre de Dios, Peru; recorded on 12 December 1990, at 23.4° C air temperature (USNM 343268, paratype; recorded by R.B. Cocroft; recording number USNM tape 269, cut 13).

Fig. 46 in Phylogeny, Taxonomic Revision, And Character Evolution Of The Genera Chiasmocleis And Syncope (Anura, Microhylidae) In Amazonia, With Descriptions Of Three New Species

Fig. 46. Holotype of Chiasmocleis royi, sp. nov. (USNM 343266), in (A) dorsal and (B) ventral views. SVL 5 20.6 mm.

Fig. 45 in Phylogeny, Taxonomic Revision, And Character Evolution Of The Genera Chiasmocleis And Syncope (Anura, Microhylidae) In Amazonia, With Descriptions Of Three New Species

Fig. 45. Holotype of Chiasmocleis papachibe, sp. nov. (MPEG 30683), in (A) dorsal and (B) ventral views. SVL 5 24.8 mm.

Fig. 44 in Phylogeny, Taxonomic Revision, And Character Evolution Of The Genera Chiasmocleis And Syncope (Anura, Microhylidae) In Amazonia, With Descriptions Of Three New Species

Fig. 44. Advertisement call of Chiasmocleis haddadi. (A) Oscillogram and (B) spectrogram of two consecutive multipulsed notes. Recorded at the type locality, Montagne Kotika, French Guiana (recording number FNJV 30718).

Fig. 47 in Phylogeny, Taxonomic Revision, And Character Evolution Of The Genera Chiasmocleis And Syncope (Anura, Microhylidae) In Amazonia, With Descriptions Of Three New Species

Fig. 47. Variation of ventral color pattern in Chiasmocleis royi, sp. nov. (A) Male, from Parque Ambiental Chico Mendes, Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil (UFAC-RB 3539). (B) Male, paratype, from Puerto Maldonado, Madre de Dios, Peru (USNM 343268, paratype). (C–D) Females, Guajará-Mirim, Rondônia, Brazil (CHUNB 23547, 25555, respectively).

Fig. 42 in Phylogeny, Taxonomic Revision, And Character Evolution Of The Genera Chiasmocleis And Syncope (Anura, Microhylidae) In Amazonia, With Descriptions Of Three New Species

Fig. 42. Holotype of Chiasmocleis haddadi, sp. nov. (MNHNP 2011.0139), in (A) dorsal and (B) ventral views. SVL 5 14.4 mm.

Fig. 41 in Phylogeny, Taxonomic Revision, And Character Evolution Of The Genera Chiasmocleis And Syncope (Anura, Microhylidae) In Amazonia, With Descriptions Of Three New Species

Fig. 41. Distribution of Chiasmocleis ventrimaculata and C. royi. Crosses 5 examined specimens of C. ventrimaculata. Dashed area refers to the extension of the Río Pastaza (5 Pastaza River), inside the territory of Ecuador, given as the type locality of C. ventrimaculata by Andersson (1945). Star 5 type locality of C. royi; circles 5 additional examined specimens of C. royi.

Fig. 40 in Phylogeny, Taxonomic Revision, And Character Evolution Of The Genera Chiasmocleis And Syncope (Anura, Microhylidae) In Amazonia, With Descriptions Of Three New Species

Fig. 40. Variation of ventral color pattern in Chiasmocleis ventrimaculata. (A) Cantadera Tacaná, Letícia, Colombia (ICN 50245). (B) Reserva Extrativista do Alto Juruá, Cruzeiro do Sul, Acre, Brazil (UFAC RB 2252). (C–D) Reserva Extrativista Riozinho da Liberdade, Tarauacá, Acre, Brazil (UFACF 641, and UFACF 910, respectively).

Fig. 36 in Phylogeny, Taxonomic Revision, And Character Evolution Of The Genera Chiasmocleis And Syncope (Anura, Microhylidae) In Amazonia, With Descriptions Of Three New Species

Fig. 36. Distribution of Chiasmocleis supercilialba. Star 5 type locality; circle 5 additional specimens examined; cross 5 specimens from Rondônia, Brazil, tentatively labeled as C. cf. supercilialba.

Fig. 35 in Phylogeny, Taxonomic Revision, And Character Evolution Of The Genera Chiasmocleis And Syncope (Anura, Microhylidae) In Amazonia, With Descriptions Of Three New Species

Fig. 35. Paratype of Chiasmocleis supercilialba Morales and McDiarmid, 2009 (USNM 342862), paratype in (A) dorsal, and (B) ventral views. SVL 5 18.8 mm.

Fig. 34 in Phylogeny, Taxonomic Revision, And Character Evolution Of The Genera Chiasmocleis And Syncope (Anura, Microhylidae) In Amazonia, With Descriptions Of Three New Species

Fig. 34. Distribution of Chiasmocleis shudikarensis and C. papachibe. Circles 5 examined specimens of C. shudikarensis; half circles 5 specimens of C. shudikarensis examined solely from live photographs; cross 5 type locality of C. papachibe; diamond 5 examined specimens of C. papachibe.