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60 results for “timing of breeding”
Data from: Climate change and nest predation affect shifts in timing and duration of breeding as well as reproductive success in a migratory species
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Data from: Timing of arrival in the breeding area is repeatable and affects reproductive success in a non-migratory population of blue tits
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Data from: Different ultimate factors define timing of breeding in two related species
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Data from: Phenological mismatch drives selection on elevation, but not on slope, of breeding time plasticity in a wild songbird
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Data from: Timing of breeding in an ecologically trapped bird
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Data from: Sex-specific arrival times on the breeding grounds: hybridizing migratory skuas provide empirical support for the role of sex ratios
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Data from: Multidimensional environmental influences on timing of breeding in a tree swallow population facing climate change
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Data from: Timing of spring departure of long distance migrants correlates with previous year's conditions at their breeding site
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Data from: Novel insights into relationships between egg corticosterone and timing of breeding revealed by LC-MS/MS
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Data from: Candidate gene-environment interactions and their relationships with timing of breeding in a wild bird population
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Data from: Individuality in northern lapwing migration and its link to timing of breeding
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Data from: Marked reduction in demographic rates and reduced fitness advantage for early breeding is not linked to reduced thermal matching of breeding time
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Data from: Density-mediated carry-over effects explain variation in breeding output across time in a seasonal population
In seasonal environments, where density dependence can operate throughout the annual cycle, vital rates are typically considered to be a function of the number of individuals at the beginning of each season. However, variation in density in the previous season could also cause surviving individuals to be in poor physiological condition, which could carry over to influence individual success in the following season. We examine this hypothesis using replicated populations of Drosophila melanogaster, the common fruitfly, over 23 non-overlapping generations with distinct breeding and non-breeding seasons. We found that the density at the beginning of the non-breeding season negatively affected the fresh weight of individuals that survived the non-breeding season and resulted in a 25% decrease in per capita breeding output among those that survived to the next season to breed. At the population level, per capita breeding output was best explained by a model that incorporated density at the beginning of the previous non-breeding season (carry-over effect, COE) and density at the beginning of the breeding season. Our results support the idea that density-mediated COEs are critical for understanding population dynamics in seasonal environments.
Does hatch date set the clock? Timing of post-fledging movements for families of a colonially breeding, long-distance migratory songbird
<p><span>Factors that influence the development of migration timing in juvenile songbirds have implications for the ability of individuals to respond positively to rapid environmental changes. We investigated the impacts of nest timing on the post-fledging movement timing of juveniles and adults of a migratory songbird. We tested whether first egg date and environmental factors predicted the initiation of post-fledging stages: fledge date for juveniles, and colony departure date for both adults and juveniles. At breeding colonies of purple martin (<i>Progne subis</i>) in southern Ontario, Canada, we monitored nests to determine the date of nest initiation ('first egg date') and deployed 122 coded radio-frequency tracking tags on young and adults to determine the timing of post-fledging stages. We found that first egg date, the number of nestmates and age of parents were the main predictors of fledge date. Of these three factors, only first egg date was carried through post-fledge to influence colony departure date for juvenile birds, but this relationship weakened between first egg date and departure date. Nestmates tended to fledge together (range 0-4 days) but exhibited greater variation in colony departure timing (range 0-11 days). Further, while first egg influenced departure date, increasing variation between fledge and departure led to some birds departing breeding colonies at a younger age, suggesting in influence of local environmental factors (e.g. social or photoperiod change) in departure decisions. The timing of adult colony departure date was independent of first egg dates. In sum, our results suggest a role for 1<sup>st</sup> egg dates in setting timing of post-breeding movements, but with variation introduced between fledge and departure dates. Experimental manipulations of photoperiod in a wild setting are needed and future research should investigate whether the timing of movement driven by nesting timing, holds across the rest of migration or even the lifetime of birds. </span></p>
Variation and correlation in the timing of breeding of North Atlantic seabirds across multiple scales
<p><span>Timing of breeding, an important driver of fitness in many populations, is widely studied in the context of global change, yet despite considerable efforts to identify environmental drivers of seabird nesting phenology, for most populations we lack evidence of strong drivers. Here we adopt an alternative approach, examining the degree to which different populations positively covary in their annual phenology to infer whether phenological responses to environmental drivers are likely to be (i) shared across species at a range of spatial scales, (ii) shared across populations of a species, or (iii) idiosyncratic to populations.</span></p> <p><span>We combined 51 long-term datasets on breeding phenology spanning 50 years from nine seabird species across 29 North Atlantic sites and examined </span><span>the extent to which different populations share early versus late breeding seasons depending on a hierarchy of spatial scales comprising breeding site, small-scale region, large-scale region and the whole North Atlantic. </span></p> <p><span>In about a third of cases we found laying dates of populations of different species sharing the same breeding site or small-scale breeding region were positively correlated, which is consistent with the hypothesis that they share phenological responses to the same environmental conditions. In comparison we found no evidence for positive phenological covariation among populations across species aggregated at larger spatial scales. </span></p> <p><span>In general we found little evidence for positive phenological covariation between populations of a single species, and in many instances the inter-year variation specific to a population was substantial, consistent with each population responding idiosyncratically to local environmental conditions. Black-legged kittiwake (<em>Rissa tridactyla</em>) was the exception, with populations exhibiting positive covariation in laying dates that decayed with the distance between breeding sites, suggesting that populations may be responding to a similar driver.</span></p> <p><span>Our approach sheds light on the potential factors that may drive phenology in our study species, thus furthering our understanding of the scales at which different seabirds interact with interannual variation in their environment. We also identify additional systems and phenological questions to which our inferential approach could be applied.</span></p>
Does hatch date set the clock? Timing of post-fledging movements for families of a colonially breeding, long-distance migratory songbird
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Data from: Integrating candidate gene and quantitative genetic approaches to understand variation in timing of breeding in wild tit populations
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Data from: Breeding timed to maximize reproductive success for a migratory songbird: the importance of phenological asynchrony
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Data from: Density-mediated carry-over effects explain variation in breeding output across time in a seasonal population
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Variation and correlation in the timing of breeding of North Atlantic seabirds across multiple scales
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OpenNeuro
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