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64 results for “vegetation diversity”
Data from: Changes in Eocene plant diversity and composition of the vegetation: the lacustrine archive of Messel (Germany)
Based on high resolution palynological analysis of 680 samples from a core, short-term changes in plant diversity and floristic composition within the Paleogene greenhouse have been detected in the lacustrine succession of a Lower to Middle Eocene maar lake at Messel (Federal State of Hesse, Germany). The microfloristic data show that taxonomic diversity increased rapidly within some decades during recolonization of a volcanically devastated area around the lake. With the establishment of a climax vegetation at the end of recolonization the maximum in palynological diversity was reached in the crater area. During the following 640 Kyr the composition of the palynospectrum changed only gradually. However, different richness and evenness estimations show that alpha and gamma diversity decreased up to 35% which can be related to the establishment of an equilibrium stage within the climax vegetation that led to the dominance of an assemblage of self-replacing species. Nevertheless, time series analysis of alpha diversity changes within the climax vegetation reveals that orbitally controlled climate change of Milankovitch and Sub-Milanovitch order influenced the diversity of the vegetation resulting in a rise of beta diversity. Based on the composition of the vegetation and comparison to modern analogues our analysis now proves that Eocene paratropical plant diversity increased during periods of slightly higher temperature and precipitation. Therefore, both composition and diversity of the vegetation was highly susceptible to minor-scale short-term changes in climate even during equable greenhouse conditions.
Data from: Dispersal versus environmental filtering in a dynamic system: drivers of vegetation patterns and diversity along stream riparian gradients
1. Both environmental filtering and dispersal filtering are known to influence plant species distribution patterns and biodiversity. Particularly in dynamic habitats, however, it remains unclear whether environmental filtering (stimulated by stressful conditions) or dispersal filtering (during re-colonization events) dominates in community assembly, or how they interact. Such a fundamental understanding of community assembly is critical to the design of biodiversity conservation and restoration strategies. 2. Stream riparian zones are species-rich dynamic habitats. They are characterized by steep hydrological gradients likely to promote environmental filtering, and by spatiotemporal variation in the arrival of propagules likely to promote dispersal filtering. We quantified the contributions of both filters by monitoring natural seed arrival (dispersal filter) and experimentally assessing germination, seedling survival and growth of 17 riparian plant species (environmental filter) along riparian gradients of three lowland streams that were excavated to bare substrate for restoration. Subsequently, we related spatial patterns in each process to species distribution and diversity patterns after 1 and 2 years of succession. 3. Patterns in initial seed arrival were very clearly reflected in species distribution patterns in the developing vegetation and were more significant than environmental filtering. However, environmental filtering intensified towards the wet end of the riparian gradient, particularly through effects of flooding on survival and growth, which strongly affected community diversity and generated a gradient in the vegetation. Strikingly, patterns in seed arrival foreshadowed the gradient that developed in the vegetation; seeds of species with adult optima at wetter conditions dominated seed arrival at low elevations along the riparian gradient while seeds of species with drier optima arrived higher up. Despite previous assertions suggesting a dominance of environmental filtering, our results demonstrate that nonrandom dispersal may be an important driver of early successional riparian vegetation zonation and biodiversity patterns as well. 4. Synthesis: Our results demonstrate (and quantify) the strong roles of both environmental and dispersal filtering in determining plant community assemblies in early successional dynamic habitats. Furthermore, we demonstrate that dispersal filtering can already initiate vegetation gradients, a mechanism that may have been overlooked along many environmental gradients where interspecific interactions are (temporarily) reduced.
Figure 2 in Grasshopper diversity and abundance in relation to elevation and vegetation from a snapshot in Mediterranean Anatolia: role of latitudinal position in altitudinal differences
Figure 2. Relationship between elevation and species diversity (solid lines with open diamonds) and specimen numbers (dashed lines with full dots) for grasshoppers and the three most speciose subfamilies (Gomphocerinae, Oedipodinae and Calliptaminae). Notes: Six altitudinal sites in the Akdaglar range are: KA, Kalkan; SU, Sütlegen; ZT, Ziyaret Tepe; ET, Eren Tepe; AS, Akdag Subasi; AI, Akdag Ikiz Göl.
Figure 1 in Grasshopper diversity and abundance in relation to elevation and vegetation from a snapshot in Mediterranean Anatolia: role of latitudinal position in altitudinal differences
Figure 1. Map showing geographical location of the study area and the sites visited to collect Caelifera specimens. Notes: Six altitudinal sites in the Akdaglar range are: KA, Kalkan; SU, Sütlegen; ZT, Ziyaret Tepe; ET, Eren Tepe; AS, Akdag Subasi; AI, Akdag Ikiz Göl.
Figure 3 in Grasshopper diversity and abundance in relation to elevation and vegetation from a snapshot in Mediterranean Anatolia: role of latitudinal position in altitudinal differences
Figure 3. Relationship between plant species diversity (histograms) and Caelifera species diversity (solid lines with open diamonds) and specimen numbers (dashed lines with full dots). Notes: Six altitudinal sites in the Akdaglar range are: KA, Kalkan; SU, Sütlegen; ZT, Ziyaret Tepe; ET, Eren Tepe; AS, Akdag Subasi; AI, Akdag Ikiz Göl.
Figure 4 in Grasshopper diversity and abundance in relation to elevation and vegetation from a snapshot in Mediterranean Anatolia: role of latitudinal position in altitudinal differences
Figure 4. Dendogram of six stations in the Akdaglar mountain range grouped according to Caeliferan species associations determined by cluster analysis based on Bray–Curtis similarity coefficient. Notes: KA, Kalkan; SU, Sütlegen; ZT, Ziyaret Tepe; ET, Eren Tepe; AS, Akdag Subasi; AI, Akdag Ikiz Göl.
Data for the article "Organic farming increases functional diversity and ecosystem service provision of spontaneous vegetation in Mediterranean vineyards"
<p>Research data for the article "<strong>Organic farming increases functional diversity and ecosystem service provision of spontaneous vegetation in Mediterranean vineyards</strong>" made by Roser Rotchés-Ribalta, Joan Marull and Joan Pino published in Ecological Indicators.</p> <p>It includes:</p> <p>- Species and functional diversities of spontaneous plant species in the different plots surveyed per field</p> <p>- The cover of each species per plot in each field</p> <p>- The functional traits used for each species</p> <p>- The physico-chemical soil data of each plot per field </p>
Data from: Combining optimization and simulation modelling to measure the cumulative impacts of prescribed fire and wildfire on vegetation species diversity
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Data from: Changes in Eocene plant diversity and composition of the vegetation: the lacustrine archive of Messel (Germany)
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Data from: Dispersal versus environmental filtering in a dynamic system: drivers of vegetation patterns and diversity along stream riparian gradients
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Data from: Diverse temperate forest bird assemblages demonstrate closer correspondence to plant species composition than vegetation structure
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Data from: Quantification and characterization of vegetation and functional trait diversity of riparian zones of the protected forest of Kashmir Himalaya, India
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Data from: Use and categorization of Light Detection and Ranging vegetation metrics in avian diversity and species distribution research
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Dataset from: Reed bed vegetation structure and plant species diversity depend on management type and the time period since last management by Andersen et al. 2020 Applied Vegetation Science
<p>The dataset behind the paper Reed bed vegetation structure and plant species diversity depend on management type and the time period since last management by Andersen et al. 2020, Applied Vegetation Science, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/avsc.12531">https://doi.org/10.1111/avsc.12531</a></p> <p>The data contains information on the vegetation of four reed bed treatments all located within De Østlige Vejler, Denmark:</p> <p>- A 0-year-old harvested reed bed</p> <p>- A 0-year-old cut reed bed (reed stems left behind)</p> <p>- A 3-year-old harvested reed bed</p> <p>- A 25-year-old harvested reed bed</p>
Climatic and Vegetational Drivers of Insect Beta Diversity at the Continental Scale
<p>Aim</p> <p>We construct a framework for mapping pattern and drivers of insect diversity at the continental scale, and use it to test whether and which environmental gradients drive insect beta diversity.</p> <p>Location</p> <p>Global; North and Central America; Western Europe</p> <p>Time period</p> <p>21st century</p> <p>Major taxa studied</p> <p>Insects</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>An informatics system was developed to integrate terrestrial data on insects with environmental parameters. We mined repositories of data for distribution, climatic data was retrieved (WorldClim), and vegetation parameters inferred from remote sensing analysis (MODIS Vegetation Continuous Fields). Beta diversity between sites was calculated and then modelled with two methods, Mantel test with Multiple Regression and Generalized Dissimilarity Modelling.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Geographic distance was usually the main driver of insect beta diversity. Independent of geographic distance, bioclimate variables explained more variance in dissimilarity than vegetation variables, although the particular variables found to be significant were more consistent in the latter, particularly, tree cover. Tree cover gradients drove compositional dissimilarity at denser coverages, in both continental case studies. For climate, gradients in temperature parameters were significant in driving beta diversity more so than gradients in precipitation parameters.</p> <p>Main conclusions</p> <p>Although environmental gradients drive insect beta diversity independently of geography, the relative contribution of different climatic and vegetational parameters is not expected to be consistent in different study systems. With further incorporation of additional temporal information and variables, this approach will enable development of a predictive framework for conserving insect biodiversity at the global-scale.</p> <p> </p>
Data from: Fuels and fires influence vegetation via above- and below-ground pathways in a high-diversity plant community
1. Fire strongly influences plant populations and communities around the world, making it an important agent of plant evolution. Fire influences vegetation through multiple pathways, both above- and belowground. Few studies have yet attempted to tie these pathways together in a mechanistic way through soil heating even though the importance of soil heating for plants in fire-prone ecosystems is increasingly recognized. 2. Here we combine an experimental approach with structural equation modelling (SEM) to simultaneously examine multiple pathways through which fire might influence herbaceous vegetation. In a high-diversity longleaf pine groundcover community in Louisiana, USA, we manipulated fine-fuel biomass and monitored the resulting fires with high-resolution thermocouples placed in vertical profile above- and belowground. 3. We predicted that vegetation response to burning would be inversely related to fuel load owing to relationships among fuels, fire temperature, duration and soil heating. 4. We found that fuel manipulations altered fire properties and vegetation responses, of which soil heating proved to be a highly accurate predictor. Fire duration acting through soil heating was important for vegetation response in our SEMs, whereas fire temperature was not. 5. Our results indicate that in this herbaceous plant community, fire duration is a good predictor of soil heating and therefore of vegetation response to fire. Soil heating may be the key determinant of vegetation response to fire in ecosystems wherein plants persist by resprouting or reseeding from soil-stored propagules. 6. Synthesis. Our SEMs demonstrate how the complex pathways through which fires influence plant community structure and dynamics can be examined simultaneously. Comparative studies of these pathways across different communities will provide important insights into the ecology, evolution and conservation of fire-prone ecosystems.
Data from: Changes in aspects of emergent and submerged vegetation cover, richness, and diversity in a fragmenting marsh system
<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Habitat fragmentation is a global environmental challenge, and the marshes of southeastern Louisiana are a hotspot for habitat fragmentation. Evaluating marsh ecosystems during the transition from intact to fragmented is critical to predict future changes and inform effective conservation and restoration plans. We sampled three sites in Terrebonne Basin, Louisiana to characterize a fragmenting emergent-vegetation dominated system, investigate the relationship between plant species richness and diversity and marsh fragmentation, and determine the relationship between marsh fragmentation and cover of submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV). Emergent plant richness and diversity were higher in areas with low salinity and high surface elevation. Although these areas had relatively low fragmentation, there was no direct relationship between richness or diversity and measures of marsh fragmentation. Despite greater light availability in highly fragmented areas, SAV was restricted to areas with low fragmentation, suggesting light availability was not the factor limiting SAV colonization into open water areas. Results from this study highlight the complex interactions of geomorphological and biotic processes within a fragmenting marsh and suggest that physical drivers such as salinity and elevation are a better indicator of emergent plant community structure in this system than degree of fragmentation. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
Data from: Changes in aspects of emergent and submerged vegetation cover, richness, and diversity in a fragmenting marsh system
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Data from: Climatic and vegetational drivers of insect beta diversity at the continental scale
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Data from: Fuels and fires influence vegetation via above- and below-ground pathways in a high-diversity plant community
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Allen Brain Atlas
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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