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65 results for “warming experiment”
No water, no eggs: insights from a warming outdoor mesocosm experiment
<p>Insects are susceptible to dehydration and change in atmospheric humidity could affect their fitness. To understand the impacts of humidity changes on insect's reproductive fitness we released an outcrossed <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> population to outdoor mesocosm units and tracked their fecundity over ninety days under progressively developing summer season. The study was carried out in a tropical urban garden. Often temperature has been found to be the key player in changes in reproductive output in a considerable number of laboratory based studies. Our work suggested that temperature and humidity interactions determine the physiological state of an organism which could untimely impact organismal fitness in a given environmental set-up. This work suggested that fecundity in <i>Drosophila</i> populations was significantly influenced by relative humidity and its interaction with temperature. This together suggested that while temperature was an important parameter for fecundity, relative humidity individually and in combination with temperature also played an important role for fecundity in <i>Drosophila</i>. Thus, the combination of temperature and relative humidity was a better metric to predict the fecundity in <i>Drosophila</i> populations than considering these parameters individually under natural conditions. It clearly indicated that future warming events could drastically impact insects' reproductive output.</p>
Data from: Modeling intraspecific adaptation of Abies sachalinensis to local altitude and responses to global warming, based on a 36-year reciprocal transplant experiment
Intraspecific adaptation in Abies sachalinensis was examined using models based on long-term monitoring data gathered during a reciprocal transplant experiment with eight seed source populations and six transplantation sites along an altitudinal gradient. The consequence of local adaptation was evaluated by testing the home-site advantage for upslope and downslope transplants at five ages. The populations' fitness-linked trait was set as their productivity (tree height ×survival rate) at each age. The effects of global warming were evaluated on the basis of the 36-year performance of downslope transplants. Evidence was found for adaptive genetic variation affecting both height and survival from an early age. Increasing the distance between seed source and planting site significantly reduced productivity for both upslope and downslope transplantation, demonstrating the existence of a significant home-site advantage. The decrease in productivity was most distinct for upslope transplantations, indicating strong local adaptation to high altitudes. Global warming is predicted to increase the productivity of high-altitude populations. However, due to their existing local adaptation, all tested populations exhibited lower productivity under warming than demes that were optimal for the new climate. These negative predictions should be considered when planning the management of locally-adapted plant species such as A. sachalinensis.
Pastures and climate extremes: Impacts of cool season warming and drought on the productivity of key pasture species in a field experiment
<p>Shifts in the timing, intensity and/or frequency of climate extremes, such as severe drought and heatwaves, can generate sustained shifts in ecosystem function with important ecological and economic impacts for rangelands and managed pastures. The Pastures and Climate Extremes experiment (PACE) in Southeast Australia was designed to investigate the impacts of a severe winter/spring drought (60% rainfall reduction) and, for a subset of species, a factorial combination of drought and elevated temperature (ambient +3 °C) on pasture productivity. The experiment included nine common pasture and Australian rangeland species from three plant functional groups (C<sub>3</sub> grasses, C<sub>4</sub> grasses and legumes) planted in monoculture. Winter/spring drought resulted in productivity declines of 45% on average and up to 74% for the most affected species (<i>Digitaria eriantha</i>) during the 6-month treatment period, with eight of the nine species exhibiting significant yield reductions. Despite considerable variation in species' sensitivity to drought, C<sub>4</sub> grasses were more strongly affected by this treatment than C<sub>3</sub> grasses or legumes. Warming also had negative effects on cool-season productivity, associated at least partially with exceedance of optimum growth temperatures in spring and indirect effects on soil water content. The combination of winter/spring drought and year-round warming resulted in the greatest yield reductions. We identified responses that were either additive such that there was only as significant warming effect under drought (<i>Festuca</i>), or less-than-additive, where there was no drought effect under warming (<i>Medicago</i>), compared to ambient plots. Results from this study highlight the sensitivity of diverse pasture species to increases in winter and spring drought severity similar to those predicted for this region, and that anticipated benefits of cool-season warming are unlikely to be realised. Overall, the substantial negative impacts on productivity suggest that future, warmer, drier climates will result in shortfalls in cool-season forage availability, with profound implications for the livestock industry and natural grazer communities.</p>
Integrating laboratory experiments and biogeographic modelling approaches to understand sensitivity to ocean warming in rare and common marine annelids
<p><span>Among ectotherms, rare species are expected to have a narrower thermal niche breadth and reduced acclimation capacity and thus be more vulnerable to global warming than their common relatives. To assess these hypotheses, we experimentally quantified the thermal sensitivity of seven common, uncommon, and rare species of temperate marine annelids of the genus <em>Ophryotrocha</em> to assess those species' vulnerability to ocean warming. We measured the upper and lower limits of physiological thermal tolerance, survival, and reproductive performance of each species along a temperature gradient (18, 24, and 30 °C). We then combined this information to produce curves of each species' fundamental thermal niche by including trait plasticity. Each thermal curve was then</span> <span>expressed as a habitat suitability index (HSI) and projected for the Mediterranean Sea and temperate Atlantic Ocean under a present day (1970-2000), mid- (2050-2059) and late- (2090-2099) 21st Century scenario for two climate change scenarios (RCP2.6 and RCP8.5). Rare and uncommon species showed a reduced upper thermal tolerance compared to common species, and the niche breadth and acclimation capacity were comparable among groups. The simulations predicted an overall increase in the HSI for all species and identified potential hotspots of HSI decline for uncommon and rare species</span> <span>along the warm boundaries of their potential distribution, though they failed to project the higher sensitivity of these species into a greater vulnerability to ocean warming. In the discussion, we provide elements and caveats on the implications of our results for conservation efforts.</span></p>
Dataset for 'Massive warming-induced carbon loss from subalpine grassland soils in an altitudinal transplantation experiment' Volk et al. 2022
<p>These files contain the essential data used to produce the above paper</p>
Warm_it_up_experiment_video
<p>Video of the experiment described in the paper : <em>Warm It Up! Using Experimental Archaeology to Test Shark Teeth Extraction Hypotheses</em></p>
cGENIE model experiment results for 'Sensitivity of ocean circulation to warming during the Early Eocene greenhouse'
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Dataset: Numerical experiments on the sensitivity of Chesapeake Bay N2O cycles to climate warming and nutrient reductions and the associated code and input files
<p>A three-dimensional numerical model of the Chesapeake Bay (East Coast of the United States) was used to simulate the N<sub>2</sub>O cycle. The model is an implementation of the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS, <a href="https://www.myroms.org/" target="_new" rel="noopener">https://www.myroms.org/</a>) with modules for sediment resuspension (Warner et al. 2008) and biogeochemistry (St-Laurent et al. 2020), with the latest addition of N<sub>2</sub>O as a separate state variable. It simulates hydrodynamics and biogeochemistry with a horizontal resolution of approximately 1.8 km and 20 topography-following vertical levels. Physical forcings include the ERA5 reanalysis (3-hourly) and tidal constituents from Szpilka et al. (2016).</p> <p>The dataset includes four primary numerical experiments designed to highlight the sensitivity of the Chesapeake Bay N<sub>2</sub>O cycle to climate warming and terrestrial nutrient management. The reference run was conducted for the year 2016, which represents a normal streamflow year. Three sensitivity experiments retained the same model forcings as in the reference run, except for one of the following combinations:</p> <ol> <li>Decreased atmospheric N<sub>2</sub>O concentrations, decreased atmospheric temperature, and increased riverine nitrate and organic nitrogen concentrations to 1986 levels (<strong>Test1986</strong>).</li> <li>Decreased atmospheric N<sub>2</sub>O concentrations and increased riverine nitrate and organic nitrogen concentrations to 1986 levels (<strong>Test1986warming</strong>).</li> <li>Increased atmospheric N<sub>2</sub>O concentrations, increased atmospheric temperature, and decreased riverine nitrate and organic nitrogen concentrations to 2050 levels (<strong>Test2050</strong>).</li> </ol> <p>The file <code>Results_for_plot.zip</code> includes model outputs used to generate figures, including monthly Bay-wide N<sub>2</sub>O distribution and the daily N<sub>2</sub>O budget integrated over the Bay. In addition to the model outputs, this archive contains the computer code (<code>ROMS_Code.zip</code>) and the input files necessary to reproduce the model results (<code>input_files.zip</code>). The total size of the dataset is approximately 5 GB.</p> <p>References:</p> <p>Scavia, D., Kelly, E. L. A., & Hagy, J. D. (2006). A simple model for forecasting the effects of nitrogen loads on Chesapeake Bay hypoxia. <em>Estuaries and Coasts</em>, 29(4), 674–684. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02784292">https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02784292</a></p> <p>St-Laurent, P., Friedrichs, M. A. M., Najjar, R. G., Shadwick, E. H., Tian, H., & Yao, Y. (2020). Relative impacts of global changes and regional watershed changes on the inorganic carbon balance of the Chesapeake Bay. <em>Biogeosciences</em>, 17(14), 3779–3796. <a href="https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3779-2020">https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3779-2020</a></p> <p>Warner, J. C., Sherwood, C. R., Signell, R. P., Harris, C. K., & Arango, H. G. (2008). Development of a three-dimensional, regional, coupled wave, current, and sediment-transport model. <em>Computers & Geosciences</em>, 34(10), 1284–1306. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2008.02.012">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2008.02.012</a></p>
Sequential stressor mesocosm experiment - fish x warming
<p>Cumulative impacts of multiple extreme and novel environmental changes on communities are often the result of asynchronous rather than simultaneous exposures to such stressors. Yet, the importance of temporal dynamics remains a major knowledge gap in multiple stressor ecology, lacking theory or evidence. We provide a conceptual template for predicting the ecological importance of the order in which consecutive stressors occur (i.e. an exposure order effect) based on correlated species responses. Negative correlation of species responses is hypothesized to increase, while positive correlation is expected to reduce, exposure order effects of consecutive stressors on communities. Towards a proof of concept, we experimentally exposed planktonic communities from fishless mountain lakes to different temporal sequences of two stressors, namely invasive sportfish and elevated water temperatures. Both stressors suppressed the same resident top predator and large grazers while eliciting positive responses from smaller tolerant taxa, attesting to their interchangeable effects across species based on size selection. As a result, reversal of the order of exposure to the two stressors did not alter their combined effects on community composition and function. Our findings suggest that the order in which consecutive stressors occur may not matter to a community if ecological memory of either stressor induces tolerance of the other.</p>
Warming experiment with interactive/prescribed soil moisture
<p>dp_exp (warming experiment of radiative-convective equilibrium in a doubly-periodic domain)</p> <p>rce_fixSST33_bucket_C32_ann_3co2.wa.nc</p> <p>rce_fixSST33_sf0p5_C32_ann_3co2.wa.nc</p> <p>rce_fixSST29_bucket_C32_ann.wa.nc</p> <p>rce_fixSST29_sf0p5_C32_ann.wa.nc</p> <p>rce_slab0p5_bucket_C32_ds.wa.nc</p> <p>rce_slab0p5_bucket_C32_ds_3co2.wa.nc</p> <p>rce_slab0p5_sf0p5_C32_ds.wa.nc</p> <p>rce_slab0p5_sf0p5_C32_ds_3co2.wa.nc</p> <p> </p> <p>gfdlam2_exp (warming experiment using GFDL-AM2.1)</p> <p>AMIPclim.cntl.ymon.nc</p> <p>AMIPclim.p4K3co2.ymon.nc</p> <p>AMIPclim.fixSoil_p4K3co2.ymon.nc</p> <p>AMIPclim.fixSoil.ymon.nc</p> <p>AMIPclim.futureSoil_p4K3co2.ymon.nc</p>
Pastures and climate extremes: Impacts of cool season warming and drought on the productivity of key pasture species in a field experiment
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Integrating laboratory experiments and biogeographic modelling approaches to understand sensitivity to ocean warming in rare and common marine annelids
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Sequential stressor mesocosm experiment - fish x warming
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No water, no eggs: insights from a warming outdoor mesocosm experiment
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Data from: Modeling intraspecific adaptation of Abies sachalinensis to local altitude and responses to global warming, based on a 36-year reciprocal transplant experiment
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Raw data for: "Abrupt declines marine phytoplankton production driven by warming and biodiversity loss in a microcosm experiment"
<p><strong>Raw data for the article:</strong> Bestion, E, Barton, S, García, FC, Warfield, R, Yvon-Durocher, G (2020). Abrupt declines in marine phytoplankton production driven by warming and biodiversity loss in a microcosm experiment. Ecology Letters. 2020.</p> <p><br> <strong>This data should be cited as:</strong> Bestion, E, Barton, S, García, FC, Warfield, R, Yvon-Durocher, G (2020). Raw data for: "Abrupt declines marine phytoplankton production driven by warming and biodiversity loss in a microcosm experiment" [Data set]. Bestion et al 2020 Ecology Letters. Zenodo. http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3555223<br> -----------------------------</p> <p><strong>The data is composed of two datasets:</strong><br> -----------------------------------------<br> - Biodiversity_ecosystem_function_data.csv<br> - Cell_traits_data.csv</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Composition of the Biodiversity ecosystem function dataset</strong><br> ------------------------------------------------------------<br> The dataset contains 27 columns<br> - Temperature: the temperature treatment, either 15, 25or 30°C<br> - R: the community richness (1, 2, 4, 8 or 16 species)<br> - log2_R: the log2-scaled richness<br> - M: the community identity (e.g. ABCD is a community composed of 4 species, species A, B, C and D)<br> - P: the partition id (5 independent partitions of the species pool were drawn, following Bell et al 2009)<br> - Q: the partitioned species pool id (following Bell et al 2009)<br> - R: the replicate id (3 replicates per community within a partition, named 1 to 3)<br> - SA to SP: the species presence-absence status for each of the 16 species (species A to species P), with 1: species present within the community, 0: species absent<br> - Abundance: number of cells per ml at the end of the experiment<br> - ln_Abundance: log-transformed Abundance<br> - Chl_a : chlorophyll a content at the end of the experiment in pg ml-1<br> - ln_Chl_a : log-transformed chlorophyll a</p> <p><br> <strong>Composition of the Cell traits dataset</strong><br> -----------------------------------------<br> The dataset contains 9 columns<br> - Species_alpha: the alphanumeric id of the species used in the Biodiversity ecosystem function dataset<br> - Species_name: species identity<br> - Phylum: the phylum<br> - ln.c: the ln transformed metabolic rate b(Tc) at the reference temperature Tc = 293.15°K from the Sharpe-Schoolfield equation (eq. 4 in the article) in µgO2 cell-1 hour-1<br> - Ea: the activation energy (eV) from the Sharpe-Schoolfield equation<br> - Eh: the deactivation energy (eV) from the Sharpe-Schoolfield equation<br> - Th: the temperature at which half of the enzyme have become non functional (°K) from the Scharpe-Schoolfield equation<br> - Topt: the optimum temperature from differentiating the Sharpe-Schoolfield equation. It is presented in °C to be easier to link to the temperature treatments in the experiment<br> - cell_volume: the cell volume, in µm3</p>
phytoplankton dataset: Marine diatoms in a warming world: phospholipidome model experiments and long-term field analysis
<p>Phytoplankton data set for Marine diatoms in a warming world: phospholipidome model experiments and long-term field analysis. The data set includes abundances of total phytoplankton and of Chaetoceros pseudocurvisetus.</p>
Translocation experiment reveals capacity for mountain pine beetle persistence under climate warming
<p>Predicting species response to climate change is a central challenge in ecology, particularly for species that inhabit large geographic areas. The mountain pine beetle (MPB) is a significant tree mortality agent in western North America with a distribution limited by climate. Recent warming has caused large-scale MPB population outbreaks within its historical distribution, in addition to migration northward in western Canada. The relative roles of genetic and environmental sources of variation governing MPB capacity to persist-in-place in a changing climate, and the migratory potential at its southern range edge in the United States, have not been investigated. We reciprocally translocated MPB populations taken from the core and southern edge of their range, and simultaneously translocated both populations to a warmer, low-elevation site near the southern range boundary where MPB activity has historically been absent despite suitable hosts. We found genetic variability and extensive plasticity in multiple fitness traits that would allow both populations to persist in a warming climate that resembles the thermal regime of our low-elevation site. We demonstrate, for the first time, that supercooling points in MPBs are influenced both by genetic and environmental factors. Both populations reproduced with seasonally appropriate univoltine generation times at all translocated sites, and bivoltinism was not observed. The highest reproductive success occurred at the warmest, out-of-range low-elevation site, suggesting that southward migration may not be temperature-limited.</p>
Data from a mesocosm experiment on responses of larval fish and their prey to warming and browning
<p><span><span>This dataset contains data from from a mesocom experiment with larval fish as described in the paper: "Huss, M., van Dorst, R.M., and Gårdmark, A. (2021) </span></span>Larval fish body growth responses to simultaneous browning and warming"</p> <p><span><span>The data comes from </span></span><span>a fully factorial experiment of warming and browning in pelagic mesocosms in two adjacent areas in the Baltic Sea archipelago; an artificially heated coastal bay and a natural area with ambient temperatures. T</span><span><span>o answer the question how simultaneous warming and browning of coastal food webs impact body growth and survival of larval perch. we innoculated t</span></span><span>he mesocosms, varying in temperature and colour, </span><span><span>with larval Eurasian perch (<i>Perca fluviatilis</i>) and zooplankton prey. </span></span><span>Browning was simulated by adding coloured substances to the mesocosm bags, whereas the water masses surrounding them in the heated and the natural bay provided the temperature treatment. </span><span><span> </span></span></p> <p><span><span>The main result is that browning decreased body growth and survival of larval perch, whereas warming increased body growth but had no effect on survival.</span> To understand these results, data on daily fish body growth estimates based on otolith microstructure analysis and size composition and abundance of available prey were analysed. </span></p> <p><span>The overall conclusion is that larval fish responses to climate change may depend on the relative rate and extent of both warming and browning, as that they may even cancel each other out.</span></p>
Nudging the tropical Indian Ocean Applied to the IPSL-CM6A-LR model - Warming Experiments
<p>This experiment applies monthly nudging of -2, -1, +1, and +2 degree C to the tropical Indian Ocean region in the IPSL-CM6A-LR pre-industrial control run. The methods of nudging are defined in Ferster et al. (2021), where we apply a constant nudging and refer to the experiments as TIOxC, where "x" is the monthly nudging value (as in Ferster et al., 2021). Additional experiments were simulated for a paper within the submission process (to be included and updated within future versions) including the "TIOc" and "C0C" experiments, where the TIOC nudges towards towards the time-mean climatology and the C0C nudges at each monthly time step towards the pre-industrial control's corresponding monthly value (similar to adding white noise at each time step).</p> <p>The datasets are included from the experiments to help share our results and reproducibility of the figures within our manuscripts, the original model output is stored on the TGCC computing machine Irene. All datasets are saved on this data repository are saved as annual means! These datasets represent the +1 and +2 degree C experiments.</p> <p>Please use the additional thredds link to access the full IPSL output for the experiments:</p> <p>https://thredds-su.ipsl.fr/thredds/catalog/tgcc_thredds/store/fersterb/IPSLCM6/DEVT/TIO-Experiment/P1C-TIO/1950-01-01/P1C-TIO1950-01/catalog.html</p> <p>https://thredds-su.ipsl.fr/thredds/catalog/tgcc_thredds/store/fersterb/IPSLCM6/DEVT/TIO-Experiment/P2C-TIO/1950-01-01/P2C-TIO1950-01/catalog.html</p> <p>The pre-industrial control from IPSL can be found on the CMIP6-ESGF servers and the TGCC computing machine Irene.</p> <p>Please contact us for additional explanations, datasets, or collaboration.</p> <p>*The datasets are created from the IPSL-CM6A-LR output files</p> <p>**This version serves as a preliminary version of the dataset for publication purposes, additional output is available and the experiment output exceeds the 50gb of storage offered through this platform (TGCC Irene). </p> <p>***Contact: brady.ferster@locean.ipsl.fr or brady.ferster@yale.edu</p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.