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22,455 results for “Diversion”
Research data supporting "Sequence-Dependent Self-Assembly and Structural Diversity of Islet Amyloid Polypeptide-Derived β-Sheet Fibrils"
<p>Research data supporting the publication:</p> <p>Wang, S.-T. et al., 2017, Sequence-Dependent Self-Assembly and Structural Diversity of Islet Amyloid Polypeptide-Derived β-Sheet Fibrils, ACS Nano, http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.7b02325</p>
RAW DATA - The role of aborescent octocorals in shaping the diversity and composition of benthic communities
<p>Spreadsheets with the raw data from the Mediterranean and Antarctic remotely operated vehicle dives used for the Spearman rank correlation analyses, linear regression models, Principal coordinates analyses and PERMANOVA.</p> <p>R code use to carry out all these analyses is also included.</p>
Equilibrium Dynamics Shape Diversity Patterns Across Terrestrial Tetrapod Clades
<p>This repository contains all scripts, data, and documentation supporting the analyses in our study. The materials are organized into folders corresponding to specific steps of the workflow. This README provides a detailed guide to the structure, contents, and usage of each folder.</p> <h2>Folder Structure and Contents</h2> <h3>1. Environmental Variables (<code>Grid_level_environment</code>)</h3> <ul> <li> <p>Contains grid-cell level environmental variables in <code>environmental_data.rds</code>.</p> <ul> <li> <p>Includes <strong>temperature</strong> (°C), <strong>precipitation</strong> (mm), and <strong>net primary productivity (NPP)</strong>.</p> </li> <li> <p>Includes <strong>grid cell IDs</strong> and <strong>latitude/longitude coordinates</strong>.</p> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <h3>2. Evolutionary Rates Across Species and Grid Cells (<code>Grid_level_speciation</code>)</h3> <ul> <li> <p>Contains present-day <strong>speciation rate estimates</strong> for each species.</p> <ul> <li> <p>Includes <strong>DR</strong>, <strong>BAMM</strong>, and <strong>ClaDS</strong> estimates.</p> </li> <li> <p>Maps each species’ speciation rate to its corresponding grid cells.</p> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <h3>3. Evolutionary Time Across Grid Cells (<code>Grid_level_assemblage_age</code>)</h3> <ul> <li> <p>Contains files used for <strong>BioGeoBEARS DEC model integration</strong> at the grid-cell level for each tetrapod clade (amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals).</p> </li> <li> <p>Each clade is organized in a separate folder with the following files:</p> <ul> <li> <p><strong>Assemblage age:</strong> <code>arrival_time_clade*.csv</code></p> </li> <li> <p><strong>Most likely biogeographic areas per grid cell:</strong> <code>clade*_biogeo_area.csv</code></p> </li> <li> <p><strong>Presence/absence matrix:</strong> <code>clade*_PAM.csv</code></p> </li> <li> <p><strong>Clade phylogenetic tree:</strong> <code>clade*_tree.tre</code></p> </li> <li> <p><strong>DEC area file:</strong> <code>geo_area_clade*.data</code></p> </li> <li> <p><strong>DEC outputs:</strong> <code>results_DEC_clade*.Rdata</code></p> </li> <li> <p><strong>Estimated geographic area plots across the phylogeny:</strong> <code>DEC_plot_clade*.pdf</code></p> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <h3>4. Path Analysis Example (<code>Path_model</code>)</h3> <ul> <li> <p>Contains an example R script: <code>path_analysis_clades.R</code>.</p> <ul> <li> <p>Illustrates <strong>path models</strong> applied to tetrapod clades.</p> </li> <li> <p>Example uses <strong>mammalian clades</strong>; replace the dataset to run on other clades.</p> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <h3>5. Path Analysis Outputs (<code>Path_outputs_&_clade_traits</code>)</h3> <ul> <li> <p>Contains outputs from <strong>path analyses</strong> for each tetrapod clade.</p> <ul> <li> <p><code>Path_all_effects.csv</code> consolidates all path outputs and includes <strong>clade-level traits</strong> (see Methods in the main paper).</p> </li> <li> <p>Other files include:</p> <ul> <li> <p><code>Path_direct_effects.csv</code> – direct effects across clades</p> </li> <li> <p><code>Path_indirect_via_productivity.csv</code> – indirect effects via productivity</p> </li> <li> <p><code>Path_indirect_via_speciation.csv</code> – indirect effects via speciation</p> </li> <li> <p><code>Path_indirect_via_time.csv</code> – indirect effects via evolutionary time</p> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <h3>6. Path Output Figures (<code>Path_outputs_figures</code>)</h3> <ul> <li> <p>Contains R scripts to <strong>visualize path model outputs</strong> across tetrapod clades:</p> <ul> <li> <p>Direct effects: <code>Path_direct_effects.R</code></p> </li> <li> <p>Indirect effects: <code>Path_indirect_via_productivity.R</code>, <code>Path_indirect_via_speciation.R</code>, <code>Path_indirect_via_time.R</code></p> </li> <li> <p>Total effects: <code>Path_total_effects.R</code></p> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <h3>7. Clade-Level Trait Effects on Richness (<code>Clade_level_effects.R</code>)</h3> <ul> <li> <p>Contains the R script <code>Clade_level_effects.R</code>.</p> </li> <li> <p>Explores whether <strong>the effects of the tested predictors on species richness depend on clade-level traits</strong>, including:</p> <ul> <li> <p><strong>Physiological traits:</strong> endothermy vs ectothermy</p> </li> <li> <p><strong>Spatial–historical traits:</strong> climate origin, range size, centroid displacement, displacement rate</p> </li> <li> <p><strong>Temporal/size-related traits:</strong> clade age, species richness</p> </li> </ul> </li> </ul>
Data for: A path forward: creating an academic culture of justice, equity, diversity and inclusion
<p>Institutions of higher education (IHE) throughout the United States have a long history of acting out various levels of commitment to diversity advancement, equity, and inclusion (DEI). Despite decades of DEI "<em>efforts</em>," the academy is fraught with legacies of racism that uphold white supremacy and prevent marginalized populations from full participation. Furthermore, politicians have not only weaponized education but passed legislation to actively ban DEI programs and censor general education curricula (<a href="https://tinyurl.com/antiDEI">https://tinyurl.com/antiDEI</a>). Ironically, systems of oppression are particularly apparent in the fields of Ecology, Evolution, and Conservation Biology (EECB)–which recognize biological diversity as essential for ecological integrity and resilience. Yet, amongst EECB faculty, people who do not identify as cis-heterosexual, non-disabled, affluent white males are poorly represented. Furthermore, IHE lack metrics to quantify DEI as a priority. Here we show that only 30.3% of US-faculty positions advertised in EECB from Jan 2019-May 2020 required a diversity statement; diversity statement requirements did not correspond with state-level diversity metrics. Though many announcements "encourage women and minorities to apply," empirical evidence demonstrates that hiring committees at most institutions did not prioritize an applicant's DEI advancement potential. We suggest a model for change and call on administrators and faculty to implement SMART (i.e., Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic, and Timely) strategies for DEI advancement across IHE throughout the United States. We anticipate our quantification of diversity statement requirements relative to other application materials will motivate institutional change in both policy and practice when evaluating a candidate's potential "fit". IHE must embrace a leadership role to not only shift the academic culture to one that upholds DEI, but to educate and include people who represent the full diversity of our society. In the current context of political censure of education including book banning and backlash aimed at Critical Race Theory, which further reinforce systemic white supremacy, academic integrity and justice are more critical than ever. </p>
Georeferenced data for the study Environmental suitability throughout the late Quaternary explains population genetic diversity
<p>Data filtered from GBIF (datasetKey: 50c9509d-22c7-4a22-a47d-8c48425ef4a7) Contains 150 records of the <i>Sciurus aberti </i>squirrel filtered in latitudinal windows of 5 degrees from 20 to 45 degrees N. </p>
Dataset for: The radiation continuum and the evolution of frog diversity
<p>Most of life's vast diversity of species and phenotypes is often attributed to adaptive radiation. Yet its contribution to species and phenotypic diversity of a major group has not been examined. Two key questions remain unresolved. First, what proportion of clades show macroevolutionary dynamics similar to adaptive radiations? Second, what proportion of overall species richness and phenotypic diversity do these adaptive-radiation-like clades contain? We address these questions with phylogenetic and morphological data for 1,226 frog species across 43 families (which represent >99% of all species). Less than half of frog families resembled adaptive radiations (with rapid diversification and morphological evolution). Yet, these adaptive-radiation-like clades encompassed ~75% of both morphological and species diversity, despite rapid rates in other clades (e.g., non-adaptive radiations). Overall, we support the importance of adaptive-radiation-like evolution for explaining diversity patterns and provide a framework for characterizing macroevolutionary dynamics and diversity patterns in other groups.</p>
Is there a latitudinal diversity gradient for symbiotic microbes? A case study with sensitive partridge peas
<p><span>Mutualism is thought to be more prevalent in the tropics than temperate zones and may therefore play an important role in generating and maintaining high species richness found at lower latitudes. However, results on the impact of mutualism on latitudinal diversity gradients are mixed, and few empirical studies sample both temperate and tropical regions. We investigated whether a latitudinal diversity gradient exists in the symbiotic microbial community associated with the legume <em>Chamaecrista</em> <em>nictitans</em>. We sampled bacteria DNA from nodules and the surrounding soil of plant roots across a latitudinal gradient (38.64 °N to 8.68 °N). Using 16S rRNA sequence data, we identified many non-rhizobial species within <em>C. nictitans </em>nodules that cannot form nodules or fix nitrogen. Species richness increased towards lower latitudes in the non-rhizobial portion of the nodule community but not in the rhizobial community. The microbe community in the soil did not effectively predict the non-rhizobia community inside nodules, indicating that host selection is important for structuring non-rhizobia communities in nodules. We next factorially manipulated the presence of three non-rhizobia strains in greenhouse experiments and found that co-inoculations of non-rhizobia strains with rhizobia had a marginal effect on nodule number and no effect on plant growth. Our results suggest that these non-rhizobia bacteria are likely commensals – species that benefit from associating with a host but are neutral for host fitness. Overall, our study suggests that temperate <em>C. nictitans</em> plants are more selective in their associations with the non-rhizobia community, potentially due to differences in soil nitrogen across latitude.</span></p>
Fig. 5 in Bird Diversity Differs Between Industrial Tree Plantations On Borneo: Implications For Conservation Planning
Fig. 5. Nonlinear multidimensional scaling of bird survey data pooled by point-transect. Vectors represent correlations between the ordination and habitat variables. Vectors and Pearson correlation coefficients are plotted for habitat variables with an r2> 0.200 for axis 1.
Fig. 4 in Bird Diversity Differs Between Industrial Tree Plantations On Borneo: Implications For Conservation Planning
Fig. 4. Plots of (A) species and (B) individual rates (from Fig. 1) versus number of species listed by www.birdlife.org (Table 1) per habitat type.
Fig. 1 in Bird Diversity Differs Between Industrial Tree Plantations On Borneo: Implications For Conservation Planning
Fig. 1. Map of forest occurrence in Borneo in 2005 (WWF-Malaysia, 2005) showing the localities of the Sarawak Planted Forest Project and Sabah Softwoods plantation.
Fig. 3 in Phytophagous Scarabaeid Diversity In Swidden Cultivation Landscapes In Sarawak, Malaysia
Fig. 3. Values of Chao1 estimated species richness (a) and values of Simpson's evenness index (b) of the phytophagous scarab beetles across forest types.
Fig. 4 in Phytophagous Scarabaeid Diversity In Swidden Cultivation Landscapes In Sarawak, Malaysia
Fig. 4. Ordination diagram of NMDS scores (along the first two axes) for the scarab beetle community in the study plots.
Fig. 1 in Phytophagous Scarabaeid Diversity In Swidden Cultivation Landscapes In Sarawak, Malaysia
Fig. 1. Satellite image (from IKONOS, 17 Sep.2000 [©SIJ2000/ Kyoto University]) of all the study plots in and around Lambir Hills National Park in Sarawak, Malaysia. The letters H, P, G, F, T, and B indicate the following forest types, respectively: preserved primary forests, isolated primary forests, rubber gardens, old fallows, young fallows, and new fallows.
Fig. 3 in Taxonomic And Functional Diversity Of Ants (Hymenoptera:Formicidae) In An Upper Hill Dipterocarp Forest In Peninsular Malaysia
Fig. 3. Species rank abundance for number of ants caught during the sampling in Temengor Forest Reserve, Peninsular Malaysia in 2008 [Δ], 2009 [ο] and combined [■].
Fig. 1. a. Sampling occurred within a 200 in Taxonomic And Functional Diversity Of Ants (Hymenoptera:Formicidae) In An Upper Hill Dipterocarp Forest In Peninsular Malaysia
Fig. 1. a. Sampling occurred within a 200-ha area of the Perak Integrated Timber Complex (PITC) where 24 sampling plots were established. b. Filled circle shows the location of PITC in the Temengor Forest Reserve in northern Peninsular Malaysia. c. Each sampling plot consisted of a 20 × 80 m rectangle that contained four square subplots (20 × 20 m) delineated within them. Each subplot was further divided into four 10 × 10 m quadrats. Open circles indicate placement of arboreal pitfall and ground pitfall traps and filled circles indicate placement of baits and leaf litter sifting in each quadrat.
Fig. 4 in Taxonomic And Functional Diversity Of Ants (Hymenoptera:Formicidae) In An Upper Hill Dipterocarp Forest In Peninsular Malaysia
Fig. 4. Number of species (bars) and number of individual (lines) of ants from different functional groups. C: Cryptic species; DD: Dominant Dolichoderinae, GM: Generalised Myrmicinae; TCS: Tropical Climate Specialists; O: Opportunists; SC: Subordinate Componitini; SP: Specialist Predators.
Fig. 2 in Taxonomic And Functional Diversity Of Ants (Hymenoptera:Formicidae) In An Upper Hill Dipterocarp Forest In Peninsular Malaysia
Fig. 2. Species accumulation curves with error bars for sampling in Temengor Forest Reserve, Peninsular Malaysia in 2008 [Δ], 2009 [ο] and combined [■].
Fig. 1 in The Composition, Diversity And Community Dynamics Of Limnetic Zooplankton In A Tropical Caldera Lake (Lake Taal, Philippines)
Fig. 1. Map of Lake Taal with the six sampling sites (NB – North Basin, SB – South Basin). The insert shows the location of Lake Taal and the other lakes mentioned in the text (P – Lake Paoay, Lb – Lake Laguna de Bay, N – Lake Naujan and Ln – Lake Lanao).
Fig. 4 in The Composition, Diversity And Community Dynamics Of Limnetic Zooplankton In A Tropical Caldera Lake (Lake Taal, Philippines)
Fig. 4. Monthly variations in Shannon-Wiener Diversity (H') Index values of rotifers and cladocerans in the north and south basins of Lake Taal.
Fig. 3 in The Composition, Diversity And Community Dynamics Of Limnetic Zooplankton In A Tropical Caldera Lake (Lake Taal, Philippines)
Fig. 3. Mean monthly biomass (μg / l) of common zooplankton species from the north and south basins of Lake Taal for the year 2008.
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.