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952 results for “Noise”
Data from: Harbour seals avoid tidal turbine noise: implications for collision risk
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Data from: Vessel noise levels drive behavioural responses of humpback whales with implications for whale-watching
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Anthropogenic light and noise affect the life histories of female Gryllus veletis field crickets
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Ambient noise cross-correlation functions and three-dimensional S-wave velocity structure in the Noto Peninsula, Japan
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Dataset to reproduce "SeisNoise.jl: Ambient Noise Cross-Correlation on the CPU and GPU in Julia"
<p>These data are the 188 LHZ channels from Jan 1, 2019- Jan 1, 2020 mentioned in "SeisNoise.jl: Ambient Noise Cross-Correlation on the CPU and GPU in Julia" by Clements et al. (2020), submitted to Seismological Research Letters.</p> <p>Waveform data used in this study was downloaded from IRIS. Data is from the Berkeley Digital Seismic Network (https://doi.org/10.7932/BDSN), Southern California Seismic Network (https://doi.org/10.7914/SN/CI), Caribbean USGS Network (https://doi.org/10.7914/SN/CU), GEOSCOPE network (https://doi.org/10.18715/GEOSCOPE.G), Global Seismograph Network - IRIS/IDA (https://doi.org/10.7914/SN/II), Global Seismograph Network - IRIS/USGS (https://doi.org/10.7914/SN/IU), United States National Seismic Network (https://doi.org/10.7914/SN/US) and the West Indies French Seismic Network (https://doi.org/10.18715/antilles.WI).</p>
Data: Interacting effects of short-term and long-term noise exposure on anti-predator behaviour: A field experiment with sand gobies
<p>Data on anti-predator behaviour of sand gobies during trials with exposure to either boat noise or a silent control. Gobies were living in a range of quiet to noisy habitats.</p>
Using Seismic Noise Levels to Monitor Social Isolation: An Example from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
<p>Paper</p> <p>Dias, F.L., M. Assumpção, P.S. Peixoto, M.B. Bianchi, B. Collaço, J. Calhau (2020), <strong>Using Seismic Noise Levels to Monitor Social Isolation: </strong><strong>An Example from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. </strong><em>Geophysical Research Letters.</em></p> <p>1) Daily median particle velocity amplitudes for station ON.ON02. Each amplitude is the median of all values between 09 AM - 6 PM local time.</p> <p>median_VEL_4_14_Hz.csv = median daily velocity (m/s) in the 4-14Hz frequency band.</p> <p>median_VEL_8_14_Hz.csv = median daily velocity (m/s) in the 8-14Hz frequency band. Data used in Fig. 2.</p> <p>median_VEL_4_8_Hz.csv = median daily velocity (m/s) in the 4-8Hz frequency band. Data used in Fig. 4.</p> <p>The raw data from station ON.ON02 can be retrieved from the RSBR (Brazilian Seismic Network) database at www.rsbr.gov.br</p> <p>2) <em>In Loco</em> Isolation index for Rio de Janeiro city. Data provided by <em>In Loco</em> company on 2020 April 22.</p> <p>InLoco_IsolationIndex_RioDeJaneiroCity.txt = date and <em>Ik</em> index for Rio de Janeiro city.</p> <p>Data used in Figs. 2, 4 and 5.</p>
Data of seismic urban noise in the city of Hamburg, Germany 2018
<p>Use is free for scientific purposes, provided the aforementioned reference is appropriately cited.</p> <p>The dataset contains raw seismic data in mini-seed format which was used in the publication: doi will follow soon.</p> <p>The zip-file contains the raw data of three broadband stations and their inventories as xml-files. The recording time ranges from 2018-01-01 until 2018-04-19.</p> <p>The data presented here is partly funded through the German Research Foundation (DFG) under Germany‘s Excellence Strategy – EXC 2037 'CLICCS - Climate, Climatic Change, and Society' – Project Number: 390683824, and the Cluster of Excellence 'CliSAP' (EXC177), contribution to the Center for Earth System Research and Sustainability (CEN) of Universität Hamburg.</p> <p> </p>
Noise pollution: acute noise exposure increases susceptibility to disease and chronic exposure reduces host survival
<p>Anthropogenic noise is a pervasive global pollutant that has been detected in every major habitat on the planet. Detrimental impacts of noise pollution on physiology, immunology and behaviour have been shown in terrestrial vertebrates and invertebrates. Equivalent research on aquatic organisms has until recently been stunted by the misnomer of a silent underwater world. In fish, however, noise pollution can lead to stress, hearing loss, behavioural changes and impacted immmunity. But, the functional effects of impacted immunity on disease resistance due to noise exposure have remained neglected. Parasites that cause transmissible disease are key drivers of ecosystem biodiversity and a significant factor limiting the sustainable expansion of the animal trade. Therefore, understanding how a pervasive stressor is impacting host-parasite interactions will have far reaching implications for global animal health. </p> <p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Here, we investigated the impact of acute and chronic noise on vertebrate susceptibility to parasitic infections, using a model host-parasite system (guppy-<i>Gyrodactylus turnbulli</i>). Hosts experiencing acute noise suffered significantly increased parasite burden compared to those in no noise treatments. In contrast, fish experiencing chronic noise had the lowest parasite burden. However, these hosts died significantly earlier compared to those exposed to acute and no noise treatments, demonstrating a potential functional trade-off between improved parasite-resistance and shorter life span. By revealing the detrimental impacts of acute and chronic noise on host-parasite interactions, we add to the growing body of evidence demonstrating a link between noise pollution and reduced animal health. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
Data from: Anthropogenic noise reduces male reproductive investment in an acoustically signaling insect
<p>Rapidly changing environments impose novel selection pressures on organisms, and sometimes adaptive phenotypic plasticity allows organisms to survive and reproduce in the face of environmental change. However, plastic responses can also be maladaptive. In this study, we investigate whether male reproductive investment responds plastically to varied experience with traffic noise. We exposed male crickets chronically to one of three noise treatments from the 2<sup>nd</sup>-3<sup>rd</sup>instar until their natural death: masking traffic noise (including noise that overlaps in frequency with the male crickets' mating calls), non-masking traffic noise (an identical traffic noise track from which we digitally removed the frequencies that mask the crickets' mating call), and silence. We dissected and weighed their testes and spermatophore molds. Controlling for body mass, we found that the spermatophore molds of crickets reared in masking and non-masking noise were 29% and 24% lighter, respectively, than those of crickets reared in silence There were no differences in body mass adjusted testes mass among treatments. If spermatophore mold mass is positively associated with male reproductive output, this reduction in size could have negative fitness consequences for animals exposed to traffic noise. We encourage future work to investigate impacts of noise on reproductive investment in other study systems that are likely sensitive to anthropogenic noise (e.g., birds, frogs, singing insects).</p>
Event-Related Coherence in Visual Cortex and Brain Noise: An MEG Study
<p>Experimental data analysed in the publication:</p> <p>Chholak, P.; Kurkin, S.A.; Hramov, A.E.; Pisarchik, A.N. Event-Related Coherence in Visual Cortex and Brain Noise: An MEG Study. <em>Appl. Sci.</em> <strong>2020</strong>, 0, 5. https://doi.org/10.3390/app0010005</p> <p> </p>
Data from: Anthropogenic noise disrupts mate searching in Gryllus bimaculatus
Many animals use acoustic communication as a means of sending important biological information, such as their location, to potential receivers. However, anthropogenic noise is known to affect the ability of some species to either produce or receive signals, which may influence their reproductive success. In this study, we investigate the effect of anthropogenic noise on the mate searching behaviors of the field cricket Gryllus bimaculatus. To accomplish this, phonotaxis trials were conducted with female field crickets under different acoustic conditions, and their ability to detect and move towards conspecific male calls was assessed. The presence of traffic noise reduced the likelihood that the female would approach the male calls and also reduced the time that the female spent attending to the calling stimulus before making her decision. However, the presence of white noise did not reduce the likelihood of approaching the calling speaker, indicating that the average amplitude of anthropogenic noise is, alone, not important in this conflict, but frequency and fluctuations in the stimulus or other characteristic might be. This study supports the hypothesis that anthropogenic noise does indeed influence the detectability of acoustic mate location signals, thus disrupting mate searching behavior.
Data from: Environmentally-induced noise dampens and reddens with increasing trophic level in a complex food web
Stochastic variability of key abiotic factors including temperature, precipitation and the availability of light and nutrients greatly influences species' ecological function and evolutionary fate. Despite such influence, ecologists have typically ignored the effect of abiotic stochasticity on the structure and dynamics of ecological networks. Here we help to fill that gap by advancing the theory of how abiotic stochasticity, in the form of environmental noise, affects the population dynamics of species within food webs. We do this by analysing an allometric trophic network model of Lake Constance subjected to positive (red), negative (blue), and non-autocorrelated (white) abiotic temporal variability (noise) introduced into the carrying capacity of basal species. We found that, irrespective of the colour of the introduced noise, the temporal variability of the species biomass within the network both reddens (i.e. its positive autocorrelation increases) and dampens (i.e. the magnitude of variation decreases) as the environmental noise is propagated through the food web by its feeding interactions from the bottom to the top. The reddening reflects a buffering of the noise-induced population variability by complex food web dynamics such that non-autocorrelated oscillations of noise-free deterministic dynamics become positively autocorrelated. Our research helps explain frequently observed red variability of natural populations by suggesting that ecological processing of environmental noise through food webs with a range of species' body sizes reddens population variability in nature.
Data from: Colour as a backup for scent in the presence of olfactory noise: testing the efficacy backup hypothesis using bumblebees (Bombus terrestris)
The majority of floral displays simultaneously broadcast signals from multiple sensory modalities, but these multimodal displays come at both a metabolic cost and an increased conspicuousness to floral antagonists. Why then do plants invest in these costly multimodal displays? The efficacy backup hypothesis suggests that individual signal components act as a backup for others in the presence of environmental variability. Here, we test the efficacy backup hypothesis by investigating the ability of bumblebees to differentiate between sets of artificial flowers in the presence of either chemical interference or high wind speeds, both of which have the potential to impede the transmission of olfactory signals. We found that both chemical interference and high wind speeds negatively affected forager learning times, but these effects were mitigated in the presence of a visual signal component. Our results suggest that visual signals can act as a backup for olfactory signals in the presence of chemical interference and high wind speeds, and support the efficacy backup hypothesis as an explanation for the evolution of multimodal floral displays.
Data from: A single microphone noise reduction algorithm based on the detection and reconstruction of spectro-temporal features
Animals throughout the animal kingdom excel at extracting individual sounds from competing background sounds, yet current state-of-the-art signal processing algorithms struggle to process speech in the presence of even modest background noise. Recent psychophysical experiments in humans and electrophysiological recordings in animal models suggest that the brain is adapted to process sounds within the restricted domain of spectro-temporal modulations found in natural sounds. Here, we describe a novel single microphone noise reduction algorithm called spectro-temporal detection–reconstruction (STDR) that relies on an artificial neural network trained to detect, extract and reconstruct the spectro-temporal features found in speech. STDR can significantly reduce the level of the background noise while preserving the foreground speech quality and improving estimates of speech intelligibility. In addition, by leveraging the strong temporal correlations present in speech, the STDR algorithm can also operate on predictions of upcoming speech features, retaining similar performance levels while minimizing inherent throughput delays. STDR performs better than a competing state-of-the-art algorithm for a wide range of signal-to-noise ratios and has the potential for real-time applications such as hearing aids and automatic speech recognition.
Data from: The noise egg: a cheap and simple device to produce low-frequency underwater noise for laboratory and field experiments
Studying the effect of anthropogenic noise on animal behaviour and physiology is a field of growing scientific and management interest. Anthropogenic noise is internationally seen as major environmental concern, but knowledge of the response of animals to noise and its ecological and evolutionary consequences is disparate. Even though fish and invertebrates form the majority of aquatic taxa, the effects of noise on these taxa are largely understudied. Especially the consequences of noise for short-range communication and behavioural interactions are yet unknown. While experimental studies on this subject are thus greatly needed, the expense of the equipment can be a main factor limiting data generation. Speakers that produce low-frequency sounds under water are currently either too large or too expensive to allow for sufficient replication in many research set-ups. Here, we describe a device that can produce a low-frequency sound, which can be used as an experimental source of noise both in aquaria and in the field. The device is completely self-contained and costs around 10 euros per 'noise egg'. The sound created consists of frequency bands (harmonics), which has the advantage that broadband and pulsed sounds, such as sounds produced by vocal fish, are easily detected in a spectrogram. Because the sound from the egg attenuates quickly, it can be used in aquaria and in the field to target certain study species or individuals without affecting a large part of the surrounding area. We have developed the device to study the effects of noise on communication and behaviour in small aquatic animals; however, it could be used for other purposes, such as testing the propagation of certain frequencies in shallow-water habitats. We hope the described method will facilitate the generation of experimental data on the effect of noise on behaviour and communication in aquatic animals in a wide variety of study systems and study areas.
Data from: Does bat response to traffic noise support the misleading cue hypothesis?
The world has become a noisier place due to the increase in urbanization. Noise is generally considered an impediment, altering an animal's behavior through masking or distraction. But noise can also provide useful information about the environment. For animals that rely on natural environmental noise as an indicator of favorable foraging conditions, increasing levels of anthropogenic noise might mislead informed decision-making. Bats use rain noise, a natural environmental cue, to delay their emergence from the roost, presumably to avoid sensory and metabolic costs associated with foraging in heavy rain. Here we tested the 'misleading cue hypothesis', asking whether traffic noise is mistaken for rain noise by bats. Given the acoustic similarity between rain noise and traffic noise, we predicted that bats would confuse the two. We conducted a playback experiment using rain, traffic, and ambient noise at natural roosts of common big-eared bats (Micronycteris microtis, Phyllostomidae) and recorded bat emergence behavior. In contrast to their response to rain noise, the bats did not delay roost emergence in response to traffic noise. Thus, we found that bats were able to discriminate between traffic noise and rain noise and were not misled by similarity in acoustic parameters in the two noise types, when emerging from their roost. Emerging bats did show more exploration flights during traffic noise than during rain noise, but not during ambient noise, suggesting that they perceive traffic noise as a novel acoustic cue. Our data provides new insights into perception of traffic noise by bats.
Data from: Long-term use benefits of personal frequency-modulated systems for speech in noise perception in patients with stroke with auditory processing deficits: a non-randomised controlled trial study
Objectives: Approximately one in five stroke survivors suffer from difficulties with speech reception in noise, despite normal audiometry. These deficits are treatable with personal Frequency Modulated systems (FMs). This study aimed to evaluate long term benefits in speech reception in noise, after daily 10 week use of personal FMs, in non-aphasic stroke patients with auditory processing deficits. Design: This was a prospective non randomised controlled trial study. Patients were allocated to an intervention care group or standard care subjects group according to their willingness to use the intervention or not. Setting: Tertiary care setting. Participants: Nine non-aphasic subjects with ischemic stroke, normal/near normal audiometry, and auditory processing deficits and with reported difficulties understanding speech in background noise were recruited in the subacute stroke stage (3-12 months after stroke). Interventions: Four patients (intervention care subjects) used the FMs in their daily life over 10 weeks. Five patients (standard care subjects) received standard care. Primary outcome measures: All subjects were tested at baseline (visit 1) and 10 weeks later (visit 2) on a sentences in noise test with the FMs (aided) and without the FMs (unaided). Results: Speech reception thresholds showed clinically and statistically significant improvements in intervention but not in standard care subjects at 10 weeks in both aided and unaided conditions. Conclusions: 10 week use of FM systems by adult stroke patients may lead to benefits in unaided speech in noise perception. Our findings may indicate auditory plasticity type changes and require further investigation.
Data from: Smooth enlargement of human standing sway by instability due to weak reaction floor and noise
Human quiet standing is accompanied by body sway. The amplitude of this body sway is known to be larger than would be predicted from simple noise effects, and sway characteristics are changed by neurological disorders. This large sway is thought to arise from nonlinear control with prolonged periods of no control (intermittent control), and a nonlinear control system of this kind has been predicted to exhibit bifurcation. The presence of stability-dependent transition enables dynamic reaction that depends on the stability of the environment, and can explain the change in sway characteristics that accompanies some neurological disorders. This research analyses the characteristics of a system model that induces transition, and discusses whether human standing reflects such a mechanism. In mathematical analysis of system models, (intermittent control-like) nonlinear control with integral control is shown to exhibit Hopf bifurcation. Moreover, from the analytical solution of the system model with noise, noise is shown to work to smooth the enlargement of sway around the bifurcation point. This solution is compared with measured human standing sway on floors with different stabilities. By quantitatively comparing the control parameters between human observation and model prediction, enlargement of sway is shown to appear as predicted by the model analysis.
Data from: A revised design for microarray experiments to account for experimental noise and uncertainty of probe response
Background: Although microarrays are analysis tools in biomedical research, they are known to yield noisy output that usually requires experimental confirmation. To tackle this problem, many studies have developed rules for optimizing probe design and devised complex statistical tools to analyze the output. However, less emphasis has been placed on systematically identifying the noise component as part of the experimental procedure. One source of noise is the variance in probe binding, which can be assessed by replicating array probes. The second source is poor probe performance, which can be assessed by calibrating the array based on a dilution series of target molecules. Using model experiments for copy number variation and gene expression measurements, we investigate here a revised design for microarray experiments that addresses both of these sources of variance. Results: Two custom arrays were used to evaluate the revised design: one based on 25 mer probes from an Affymetrix design and the other based on 60 mer probes from an Agilent design. To assess experimental variance in probe binding, all probes were replicated ten times. To assess probe performance, the probes were calibrated using a dilution series of target molecules and the signal response was fitted to an adsorption model. We found that significant variance of the signal could be controlled by averaging across probes and removing probes that are nonresponsive or poorly responsive in the calibration experiment. Taking this into account, one can obtain a more reliable signal with the added option of obtaining absolute rather than relative measurements. Conclusion: The assessment of technical variance within the experiments, combined with the calibration of probes allows to remove poorly responding probes and yields more reliable signals for the remaining ones. Once an array is properly calibrated, absolute quantification of signals becomes straight forward, alleviating the need for normalization and reference hybridizations.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.