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732 results for “population variation”
Data from: Environmental variation causes different (co) evolutionary routes to the same adaptive destination across parasite populations
Epidemics are engines for host-parasite coevolution, where parasite adaptation to hosts drives reciprocal adaptation in host populations. A key challenge is to understand whether parasite adaptation and any underlying evolution and coevolution is repeatable across ecologically realistic populations that experience different environmental conditions, or if each population follows a completely unique evolutionary path. We established twenty replicate pond populations comprising an identical suite of genotypes of crustacean host, Daphnia magna, and inoculum of their parasite, Pasteuria ramosa. Using a time-shift experiment, we compared parasite infection traits before and after epidemics and linked patterns of parasite evolution with shifts in host genotype frequencies. Parasite adaptation to the sympatric suite of host genotypes came at a cost of poorer performance on foreign genotypes across populations and environments. However, this consistent pattern of parasite adaptation was driven by different types of frequency-dependent selection that was contingent on an ecologically relevant environmental treatment (whether or not there was physical mixing of water within ponds). In unmixed ponds, large epidemics drove rapid and strong host-parasite coevolution. In mixed ponds, epidemics were smaller and host evolution was driven mainly by the mixing treatment itself; here, host evolution and parasite evolution were clear, but coevolution was absent. Population mixing breaks an otherwise robust coevolutionary cycle. These findings advance our understanding of the repeatability of (co)evolution across noisy, ecologically realistic populations.
Abundant genetic variation is retained in many laboratory schistosome populations - Code and data
<p>Code and data used for the generation of figures in manuscript.</p>
Epigenetic diversity underlying seasonal and annual variations in brown planthopper (BPH) populations as revealed by methylation-sensitive restriction assay
<p>Raw data files for the image analysis.</p>
Figure 4 in Morphogeometric and genetic variations among North African populations of the Mediterranean killifish Aphanius fasciatus (Valenciennes, 1821) from different habitats
Figure 4. – Neighbour-joining tree on genetic distances D (Reynolds et al., 1983) between A. fasciatus samples from four North African habitats.
Supplementary material 8 from: Vanegas-Ríos JA, Serra Alanís WS, Azpelicueta MM, Litz T, Malabarba LR (2024) Population variation of Diapoma pampeana (Characiformes, Characidae, Stevardiinae) from an isolated coastal drainage in Uruguay, with new records: comparing morphological and molecular data. Zoosystematics and Evolution 100(1): 69-85. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.100.112778
Table of coordinates used
Supplementary material 7 from: Vanegas-Ríos JA, Serra Alanís WS, Azpelicueta MM, Litz T, Malabarba LR (2024) Population variation of Diapoma pampeana (Characiformes, Characidae, Stevardiinae) from an isolated coastal drainage in Uruguay, with new records: comparing morphological and molecular data. Zoosystematics and Evolution 100(1): 69-85. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.100.112778
Haplotype network of the COI data analyzed of D. pampeana
Supplementary material 2 from: Vanegas-Ríos JA, Serra Alanís WS, Azpelicueta MM, Litz T, Malabarba LR (2024) Population variation of Diapoma pampeana (Characiformes, Characidae, Stevardiinae) from an isolated coastal drainage in Uruguay, with new records: comparing morphological and molecular data. Zoosystematics and Evolution 100(1): 69-85. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.100.112778
Scree plots obtained from the morphometric and meristic data analyzed
Supplementary material 5 from: Vanegas-Ríos JA, Serra Alanís WS, Azpelicueta MM, Litz T, Malabarba LR (2024) Population variation of Diapoma pampeana (Characiformes, Characidae, Stevardiinae) from an isolated coastal drainage in Uruguay, with new records: comparing morphological and molecular data. Zoosystematics and Evolution 100(1): 69-85. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.100.112778
Tukey box plot of most distinctive meristic data observed in analyzed specimens of Diapoma pampeana
Figure 4 from: Vanegas-Ríos JA, Serra Alanís WS, Azpelicueta MM, Litz T, Malabarba LR (2024) Population variation of Diapoma pampeana (Characiformes, Characidae, Stevardiinae) from an isolated coastal drainage in Uruguay, with new records: comparing morphological and molecular data. Zoosystematics and Evolution 100(1): 69-85. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.100.112778
Figure 4 Most discriminant axes obtained from the PCA analyses performed using morphometric and meristic data of studied specimens of Diapoma pampeana (in each plot, the loadings are scaled to 90% of the PC scores). Size-corrected measurements: A. PC1 vs. PC2 plot; B. PC3 vs. PC4 plot. Meristic data; C. PC1 vs. PC2 plot; D. PC3 vs. PC4 plot. Only these variables that most loaded the components are indicated as follows: E- depth at dorsal-fin origin; F- snout to dorsal-fin origin; G- snout to pelvic-fin origin; H- Snout to anal-fin origin; I- distance between dorsal- and adipose-fin origins; J- dorsal fin to caudal-fin base; K- anal-fin base length; L- caudal peduncle length; M- longitudinal scales; N- lateral-line scales; P- scales between lateral line-dorsal origin; Q- scales between lateral line-pelvic origin; R- circumpeduncular scales; S- predorsal scales; T- number of branched anal-fin rays; U- gill rakers on upper limb of branchial arch; V- gill rakers on lower limb of branchial arch; W- number of maxillary teeth; X- number of dentary teeth.
Figure 3 from: Vanegas-Ríos JA, Serra Alanís WS, Azpelicueta MM, Litz T, Malabarba LR (2024) Population variation of Diapoma pampeana (Characiformes, Characidae, Stevardiinae) from an isolated coastal drainage in Uruguay, with new records: comparing morphological and molecular data. Zoosystematics and Evolution 100(1): 69-85. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.100.112778
Figure 3 Geographic distribution of Diapoma pampeana. A. View within South America; B. View within Brazil and Uruguay. All studied specimens from the Pando (Circle), Santa Lucía (triangle), Yi (diamond), and Upper Negro (star; holotype represented by not-filled pattern) are depicted. Other records presented by Ito et al. (2022) are also included.
Figure 1 from: Vanegas-Ríos JA, Serra Alanís WS, Azpelicueta MM, Litz T, Malabarba LR (2024) Population variation of Diapoma pampeana (Characiformes, Characidae, Stevardiinae) from an isolated coastal drainage in Uruguay, with new records: comparing morphological and molecular data. Zoosystematics and Evolution 100(1): 69-85. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.100.112778
Figure 1 Coloration in life of D. pampeana (A, B) from the Pando stream, Canelones Uruguay. Photo by J. Pfleiderer.
Figure 6 from: Vanegas-Ríos JA, Serra Alanís WS, Azpelicueta MM, Litz T, Malabarba LR (2024) Population variation of Diapoma pampeana (Characiformes, Characidae, Stevardiinae) from an isolated coastal drainage in Uruguay, with new records: comparing morphological and molecular data. Zoosystematics and Evolution 100(1): 69-85. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.100.112778
Figure 6 Bayesian topology of phylogenetic relationships among the analyzed Diapoma species (comparing specimens of D. pampeana from the Pando stream and Upper Negro basin) based on COI sequence data. Numbers at nodes correspond to posterior probabilities.
Supplementary material 6 from: Vanegas-Ríos JA, Serra Alanís WS, Azpelicueta MM, Litz T, Malabarba LR (2024) Population variation of Diapoma pampeana (Characiformes, Characidae, Stevardiinae) from an isolated coastal drainage in Uruguay, with new records: comparing morphological and molecular data. Zoosystematics and Evolution 100(1): 69-85. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.100.112778
Uncorrected pairwise genetic distances using the COI data matrix
Supplementary material 3 from: Vanegas-Ríos JA, Serra Alanís WS, Azpelicueta MM, Litz T, Malabarba LR (2024) Population variation of Diapoma pampeana (Characiformes, Characidae, Stevardiinae) from an isolated coastal drainage in Uruguay, with new records: comparing morphological and molecular data. Zoosystematics and Evolution 100(1): 69-85. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.100.112778
Total variance accounted for the PCA performed for the morphometric and meristic data
Supplementary material 1 from: Vanegas-Ríos JA, Serra Alanís WS, Azpelicueta MM, Litz T, Malabarba LR (2024) Population variation of Diapoma pampeana (Characiformes, Characidae, Stevardiinae) from an isolated coastal drainage in Uruguay, with new records: comparing morphological and molecular data. Zoosystematics and Evolution 100(1): 69-85. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.100.112778
All COI sequences analyzed in the present work
Figure 2 from: Vanegas-Ríos JA, Serra Alanís WS, Azpelicueta MM, Litz T, Malabarba LR (2024) Population variation of Diapoma pampeana (Characiformes, Characidae, Stevardiinae) from an isolated coastal drainage in Uruguay, with new records: comparing morphological and molecular data. Zoosystematics and Evolution 100(1): 69-85. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.100.112778
Figure 2 Extern morphology of studied specimens of Diapoma pampeana. A. MLP 11443, male, 30.6 mm SL, Uruguay, Pando Stream; B. MLP 11445, female, 35.1 mm SL, Uruguay, Pando Stream; C. MHNM 1125, female, 31.3 mm SL, Uruguay, Canelón Grande Stream; D. MHNM 4018, male, 29.8 mm SL, Uruguay, marginal lagoon to Rio Yi; E. MHNM 4018, female, 29.3 mm SL, Uruguay, marginal lagoon to Rio Yi. Photographs of the specimens from the Upper Negro are available in Ito et al. (2022). Scale bar: 1 mm.
Figure 5 from: Vanegas-Ríos JA, Serra Alanís WS, Azpelicueta MM, Litz T, Malabarba LR (2024) Population variation of Diapoma pampeana (Characiformes, Characidae, Stevardiinae) from an isolated coastal drainage in Uruguay, with new records: comparing morphological and molecular data. Zoosystematics and Evolution 100(1): 69-85. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.100.112778
Figure 5 Neighbor-Joining topology of analyzed Diapoma specimens based on Tamura-Nei model and COI sequence data. Bootstrap values (10000 replicates) are shown below the branches. SBL = 0.783.
Supplementary material for Duruflé et al. "Natural variation in chalcone isomerase defines a major locus controlling growth variation between Populus nigra populations"
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Data from: A time series model for estimating temporal variation in phenotypic selection on laying dates in a Dutch great tit population
[No abstract entered]
Supplementary material 7 from: Virgilio M, Delatte H, Nzogela YB, Simiand C, Quilici S, De Meyer M, Mwatawala M (2015) Population structure and cryptic genetic variation in the mango fruit fly, Ceratitis cosyra (Diptera, Tephritidae). In: De Meyer M, Clarke AR, Vera MT, Hendrichs J (Eds) Resolution of Cryptic Species Complexes of Tephritid Pests to Enhance SIT Application and Facilitate International Trade. ZooKeys 540: 525-538. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.540.9618
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