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1,423 results for “separation”
LC-DAD separation of Kahweol and cafestol oleate and palmitate from coffee
<p>Analysis of diterpene esters (kahweol oleate -KO; cafestol oleate -CO; kahweol palmitate -KP; cafestol palmitate -CP) by LC DAD in standards and coffees.</p> <p><strong>Separation conditions: </strong></p> <p>Coffee brews were extracted using 5 mL of diethyl ether. The mixture was vortexed for 2 min, and after centrifugation, the upper phase was transferred to a clean test tube. Next, the aqueous solution was re-extracted using diethyl ether, and the combined ether phase was washed with 5mL of 2 M NaCl solution followed by centrifugation (4000 rpm, 10 min. Finally, the clean ether phase was dried under an azote stream. Samples were kept at –22ºC until analysis using LC–DAD. Separation was achieved using a Purospher STAR LichroCART RP 18 end-capped (250 × 4 mm, 5 µm) column attached. Before injection, the dried extract was dissolved in 2.5 mL of acetonitrile and filtered through 0.45 µm filter membrane (PTFE, VWR, USA). Twenty microliters of sample were injected, and the separation was achieved using isocratic conditions for 35 min with the mobile phase made of acetonitrile/isopropanol (70:30, v/v) and pumped at 0.4 mL/min. A diode array detector, in the range of 200–400 nm, was used. After each run, the acquisition software exported data as a comma-separated-values format (EZChrom Elite 3.1.6).</p> <p>For the calibration curves, mixtures of the four diterpenes esters at similar concentrations were used in the range of 2 to 200 mg/L. Eight samples were prepared and run in duplicates</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Files: </strong></p> <p><a href="https://zenodo.org/api/files/9c2c7a63-966d-4b4b-a1bf-5b8d8228ac48/FTIRATR_Pulse.mat">Data.mat</a>: Matlab structure with, as fields:<br> <Time> : a 3751 length vector. Time axis in min<br> <Wavelength> : a 201 length vector, Wavelength of detection<br> <Names_calibration> : Name of the samples for calibrations<br> <Data_calibration> : a 3751x201x16 matrix with in first dimension the retention time, in second dimension the wavelength for detection and third dimension the calibration samples.<br> <Data_samples> : a 3751x201x4 matrix with in first dimension the retention time, in second dimension the wavelength for detection and third dimension the coffee samples.<br> <Names_Samples> : Name of the samples<br> <Concentrations_calibration>: Table with the real concentration (mg/L) used in the standard samples.</p>
FIGURE 6 in Molecular studies of Iranian populations support the morphology-based taxonomic separation of Medicago rigidula and M. rigiduloides
FIGURE 6. Neighbor-net network of Medicago rigidula and M. rigiduloides populations generated from the complement of Dice similarity coefficient. For an explanation of populations' abbreviation, see Table 1.
FIGURE 4 in Molecular studies of Iranian populations support the morphology-based taxonomic separation of Medicago rigidula and M. rigiduloides
FIGURE 4. PCoA plot of SSR data in Medicago rigidula and M. rigiduloides populations. For an explanation of populations' abbreviation, see Table 1.
FIGURE 2 in Molecular studies of Iranian populations support the morphology-based taxonomic separation of Medicago rigidula and M. rigiduloides
FIGURE 2. Mantel test result of the relationship between geographical and genetic distances matrix on Nei genetic distance matrix for Medicago rigidula and M. rigiduloides populations.
FIGURE 1. A in Molecular studies of Iranian populations support the morphology-based taxonomic separation of Medicago rigidula and M. rigiduloides
FIGURE 1. A) Delta k calculation to determine the actual number of genetic clusters in Medicago rigidula and M. rigiduloides populations. B) STRUCTURE plot in map the populations based on k = 2 of SSR data. For an explanation of populations' abbreviation, see Table 1.
FIGURE 5 in Molecular studies of Iranian populations support the morphology-based taxonomic separation of Medicago rigidula and M. rigiduloides
FIGURE 5. Neighbor-joining dendrogram based on Nei's Genetic distance showing relationships among the Medicago rigidula and M. rigiduloides populations. For an explanation of populations' abbreviation, see Table 1.
Novel gyrochronology tests with wide-separation binaries
<p>Gyrochronology is the technique that uses rotation periods to derive stellar ages via age-rotation relations. If properly calibrated, its potential applications to Galactic, stellar and exoplanetary astrophysics are far-reaching. Thanks to the exquisite high-precision photometry provided by space-based missions such as Kepler, TESS, and the upcoming PLATO, the number of stars with measured rotation periods will continue to drastically increase in the coming years. Accordingly, it has become imperative to comprehensively test gyrochronology, so its remarkable applications can be fully exploited, and its limits well understood. This work presents a novel technique that tests the state-of-the-art age-rotation relations in under-explored domains using wide binary stars. The components of a given binary are co-eval and taken together they can provide exquisite assessments of gyrochronology. The results of a dedicated test on a sample of Kepler-field binaries and star clusters show that: 1) statistically, the commonly used age-rotation relations do have predictive power in identifying co-eval populations of field stars; 2) they achieve the best results when used in the members of young clusters (ages < 1 Gyr); 3) their performance decreases when used in field wide binaries, as well as in older clusters. All in all, the existing relations need better calibrations, particularly in the regime of ages older than a few Gyr. This work sets up the stage for decisive gyrochronology assessments in the era of ever-expanding space-based photometry.</p>
Pronounced genetic separation among varieties of the Primula cusickiana species complex, a Great Basin endemic
<p>Distinguishing between populations with strong genetic structure and unique species is a common challenge in systematics, especially for taxa occurring in fragmented habitats where allopatric speciation may be widespread and distinct groups may be morphologically similar. Such is often the case with species complexes across sky island environments. In these scenarios, biogeography may help to explain the taxonomic relations between species complex members, and restriction site-associated DNA (RAD) sequencing methods are commonly used to compare closely related species across thousands of loci. Here we use RADseq to clarify the boundaries separating the geographically distinct but morphologically similar varieties of the Primula cusickiana species complex, and to contextualize past findings of strong genetic structure among populations within varieties. Our genetic analyses demonstrate pronounced separation between isolated populations of this Great Basin endemic, indicating that the current varietal classification of complex members is inaccurate, and emphasizing their conservation importance. We discuss how these results correspond to recent biogeographical models used to describe the distribution of other sky island taxa in western North America. Our findings also fit into a wider trend observed for alpine Primula species complexes, and we consider how edaphic specialization and heterostylous breeding systems may be contributing to frequent diversification via allopatric speciation in this genus. </p>
Multicomponent ocean-bottom seismic data decomposition using separate calibration filters
<p>All relevant pictures in the article</p>
Labelled data for P/S separation with CNN
<p>This is the part of training labelled Dataset-B for the publication "P/S separation of multi-component seismic data at land surface based on deep learning".</p> <p>There are 500-shot data labels:</p> <p>Train/, Val/ & Test/ are the separated file for Training, Validation & Testing</p> <p>The labelled data size are nx*nz=1001*3001 using a IEEE float format</p> <p>One can use the Seisic Unix command to plot for QC: ximage < shotx_mod_1.dat n1=3001 perc=99 & </p> <p> </p> <p>In each directory, the files are named as follows: </p> <p>The horizontal component:</p> <p> shotx_mod_*.dat </p> <p>The vertical component:</p> <p> shotz_mod_*.dat </p> <p>The P-wave label :</p> <p> shotp_*.dat </p> <p>The S-wave label :</p> <p> shots_*.dat </p>
Aberrant phase separation and nucleolar dysfunction can underlie rare genetic diseases
<p>This dataset provides companion data to the paper "Aberrant phase separation and nucleolar dysfunction can underlie rare genetic diseases". It includes raw data, images and computational code to generate the figures in the study.</p>
Humpback whale adult females and calves balance acoustic contact with vocal crypsis during periods of increased separation
<ol> <li>Acoustic communication is important for animals with dependent young, particularly when they are spatially separated. Maternal humpback whales (<i>Megaptera novaeangliae</i>) use acoustic calling to help minimise the risk of separation from their young calves during migration.</li> <li>These pairs also use acoustic crypsis to minimise detection by males. How they balance a restricted active space with the need to maintain acoustic contact during periods of separation is not yet understood.</li> <li>Here, we analysed movement metrics of tagged adult female-calf pairs during migration to identify two behavioural states, 'resting/milling' and 'travelling'. When travelling, these pairs dived synchronously and exhibited little to no spatial separation. Alternatively, adult females had significantly longer dive durations (p < 0.01) when resting, and while they spent prolonged times at depth, calves would surface several times independently. This demonstrated that these pairs are frequently separated during periods of rest.</li> <li>We then determined if the call rates and acoustic levels of these pairs increased with more frequent separation, finding that both adult females and calves significantly increased their call rates, but not levels, when resting.</li> <li>We also found that adult female-calf pairs have a restricted active space, with less than 15% of calls estimated to be detectable beyond 2 km. However, as with call level, detection distance did not differ significantly between the two behavioural states.</li> <li>In summary, adult female-calf pairs maintain successful communication during periods of separation by calling more frequently rather than by producing louder calls. This strategy aids in maintaining acoustic contact while simultaneously limiting detectability by conspecifics.</li> </ol>
Coincidence measurements of two quantum-correlated photon pairs widely separated in the frequency domain
<p>Quantum correlation is a key concept characterizing the properties of quantum light sources and is important for developing quantum applications with superior performance. In particular, it enables photon pairs that are widely separated in the frequency domain, one in the visible region, the other in the infrared region, to be used for quantum infrared sensing without direct detection of infrared photons. Here, simultaneous multiwavelength and broadband phase matching in a nonlinear crystal could provide versatile photon-pairs source for broadband infrared quantum sensing. This paper describes direct generation and detection of two quantum-correlated photon pairs produced via simultaneous phase-matched processes in periodic crystals. These simultaneous photon pairs provide a correlated state with two frequency modes in a single pass. To confirm the correlation, we constructed an infrared-photon counting system with two repetition-synchronized fiber lasers. We performed coincidence measurements between two pairs, 980 nm and 3810 nm, and 1013 nm and 3390 nm, which yielded coincidence-to-accidental ratios of 6.2 and 6.5, respectively. We believe that our novel correlated light source with two separate pairs in the visible and infrared region complements a wide-range of multi-dimensional quantum infrared processing applications.</p>
Dataset for: An optimised organic carbon / elemental carbon (OC/EC) fraction separation method for radiocarbon source apportionment applied to low-loaded Arctic aerosol filters
<p>Dataset contains raw data and R scripts to create the figures.</p>
Spatial separation of spin currents in transition metal dichalcogenides
<p>Code and data from the manuscript "Spatial separation of spin currents in transition metal dichalcogenides"</p>
Data from: Legacy effects in temporally-separated tadpole species are not mediated by invasive Western Mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis)
<p>Temporally separated species are often thought to have limited competition over a shared resource. However, early arriving species may consume a limited resource such that later arriving species have access to fewer resources and thus experience competitive effects, even if they are temporally separated (i.e., they experience legacy effects from the early species). The presence of a predator might affect potential legacy effects by influencing the behavior or survivorship of the early species. Using a mesocosm experiment, I examined whether the presence of non-native Western Mosquitofish (<em>Gambusia</em> <em>affinis</em>) mediated legacy effects in the interaction of two temporally separated species of tadpoles, early arriving American Toads (<em>Anaxyrus</em> <em>americanus</em>) and late arriving Bullfrogs (<em>Rana</em> <em>catesbeiana</em>). <em>Anaxyrus</em> <em>americanus</em> tadpoles reduced <em>R. catesbeiana</em> tadpole growth despite all <em>A</em>. <em>americanus</em> tadpoles metamorphosing 8 d before the introduction of <em>R. catesbeiana</em> tadpoles into the mesocosms (i.e., legacy effects). <em>Gambusia</em> <em>affinis</em> had limited effects on <em>A</em>. <em>americanus</em> (1 d delay in metamorphosis but no effect on survivorship or size at metamorphosis) and positive effects on <em>R. catesbeiana</em> (increased growth). There were no significant interactions between the <em>A. americanus</em> tadpole density and <em>G. affinis</em> treatments. In conclusion, I found evidence of significant legacy effects of <em>A. americanus</em> tadpoles on <em>R</em>. <em>catesbeiana</em> tadpoles, but no evidence that <em>G. affinis</em> mediated the legacy effects.</p>
Staged Separation Logic for Unrestricted Effect Handlers
<p>To support our paper submission: Separation Logic for Unrestricted Effect Handlers. </p> <p>This repository provides the latest version of the implementation (in the code folder) and testing benchmark (in the benchmark folder) here.</p> <p> </p>
Supporting Information for "Broadening the scope of binding free energy calculations using a Separated Topologies approach"
<p>Supporting Information for the publication "Broadening the scope of binding free energy calculations using a Separated Topologies approach" including input files for the datasets used in that study.</p>
Repository for 'Surface-induced phase separation of reconstituted nascent integrin clusters on lipid membranes'
<p>Surface-induced phase separation of reconstituted nascent integrin clusters on lipid membranes (PNAS)</p> <p>The structure of this repository is as follows:</p> <p>1. FRAP_curves.zip -- contains FRAP curves </p> <ul> <li>FRAP_curves_for_fig2F_figS5</li> <li>FRAP_curves_for_fig2G</li> <li>FRAP_curves_for_fig2H</li> <li>FRAP_curves_for_fig2I</li> <li>FRAP_curves_for_fig2J</li> <li>FRAP_curves_for_fig2K</li> <li>FRAP_curves_for_figS8&E</li> </ul> <p>2. Images.zip -- contains confocal images epifluorescence images</p> <ul> <li>Images_for_fig1G_fig1H</li> <li>Images_for_fig3D</li> <li>Images_for_figS1</li> <li>Images_for_figS2C</li> <li>Images_for_figS3C</li> <li>Images_for_figS6</li> </ul> <p>3. Source_data.xlsx -- contains the data for plotting the Figures</p>
FIGURE 3. PCAs with greatest separation among the 95 in Seven new species of Trichostema (Lamiaceae: Ajugoideae) from the North American Coastal Plain biodiversity hotspot
FIGURE 3. PCAs with greatest separation among the 95% confidence ellipses. The top ten contributors to the PCA are shown as arrows. A) PCA using all species and the "all characters no style" dataset with datapoints colored by species complex. B) PCA using the species from the Trichostema dichotomum complex and the "all characters no style" dataset with datapoints colored by species. C) PCA using the species from the Trichostema setaceum complex and the "all characters no style" dataset with datapoints colored by species. D) PCA using the species from the Trichostema suffrutescens complex and the "all characters no style" dataset with datapoints colored by species.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.