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Subspecies and Distribution. P. o. onca Linnaeus, 1758 — Amazon and Orinoco basin rainforests. P.o. arizonensis Goldman, 1932 — SW USA (Arizona) to NW Mexico (Sonora). P. o. centralis Mearns, 1901 — Nicaragua to Colombia. P. o. goldmani Mearns, 1901 — Yucatan Peninsula of Mexico S to Belize and N Honduras. P. o. hernandesi Gray, 1857 — W Mexico (S Sonora to Oaxaca). P. o. palustris Ameghino, 1888 — S Brazil S through Uruguay to N Argentina (the Rio Negro in Chaco province). P. o. paraguensis Hollister, 1914 — Paraguay. P. o. peruviana de Blainville, 1843 — coastal regions of Ecuador and Peru. P.o. veraecrucis Nelson & Goldman, 1933 — S USA (C Texas, now extinct) to SE Mexico (Chiapas). in Felidae
Subspecies and Distribution. P. o. onca Linnaeus, 1758 — Amazon and Orinoco basin rainforests. P.o. arizonensis Goldman, 1932 — SW USA (Arizona) to NW Mexico (Sonora). P. o. centralis Mearns, 1901 — Nicaragua to Colombia. P. o. goldmani Mearns, 1901 — Yucatan Peninsula of Mexico S to Belize and N Honduras. P. o. hernandesi Gray, 1857 — W Mexico (S Sonora to Oaxaca). P. o. palustris Ameghino, 1888 — S Brazil S through Uruguay to N Argentina (the Rio Negro in Chaco province). P. o. paraguensis Hollister, 1914 — Paraguay. P. o. peruviana de Blainville, 1843 — coastal regions of Ecuador and Peru. P.o. veraecrucis Nelson & Goldman, 1933 — S USA (C Texas, now extinct) to SE Mexico (Chiapas).
Subspecies and Distribution. P.y. yagouaroundi Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1803 — the Guianas highlands S to Amazon Basin of Brazil. P. y. ameghinoi Holmberg, 1898 — W Argentina (from Jujuy S to N Patagonia). P. y. cacomitli Berlandier, 1859 — NE Mexico, possibly extinct in S USA (Texas). P. y. eyra Fischer, 1814 — S Brazil through Paraguay to N Argentina. P.y. fossata Mearns, 1901 — S Mexico to Honduras. P.y. melantho Thomas, 1914 — Andean valleys of Peru and W Brazil (upper Amazonia). P.y. panamensis J. A. Allen, 1904 — Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, W Colombia to Ecuador. P.y. tolteca Thomas, 1898 — NW Mexico (Sinaloa), extinct in SW USA (Arizona). in Felidae
Subspecies and Distribution. P.y. yagouaroundi Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1803 — the Guianas highlands S to Amazon Basin of Brazil. P. y. ameghinoi Holmberg, 1898 — W Argentina (from Jujuy S to N Patagonia). P. y. cacomitli Berlandier, 1859 — NE Mexico, possibly extinct in S USA (Texas). P. y. eyra Fischer, 1814 — S Brazil through Paraguay to N Argentina. P.y. fossata Mearns, 1901 — S Mexico to Honduras. P.y. melantho Thomas, 1914 — Andean valleys of Peru and W Brazil (upper Amazonia). P.y. panamensis J. A. Allen, 1904 — Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, W Colombia to Ecuador. P.y. tolteca Thomas, 1898 — NW Mexico (Sinaloa), extinct in SW USA (Arizona).
Subspecies and Distribution. M.y.yumanensisH.Allen,1864—WUSAandWMexicofromextremeW&SNe-vada,portionsofUtahandColorado,SthroughmostofBajaCaliforniaandtoCDurango,EtopanhandleofOklahomaandStoDelRio,Texas. M.y.lambiBenson,1947—NWMexico,knownonlyfromSanIgnacio,BajaCalifornia. M. y. lutosus G. S. Miller & G. M. Allen, 1928 — C Mexico from Sinaloa and S Zacatecas to Morelos. M.y.oxalisDalquest,1947—WUSA,inCentralValleyofCalifornia. M.y.saturatusG.S.Miller1897—SWCanadainCBritishColumbiaandthroughcoastalandcentralrangesofWestCoasttoMexicanborder. M. y. sociabilis H. W. Grinnell, 1914 — from SW Canada in SE British Columbia and W Montana W to C Washington and Oregon, and then S to NE California in W USA. in Vespertilionidae
Subspecies and Distribution. M.y.yumanensisH.Allen,1864—WUSAandWMexicofromextremeW&SNe-vada,portionsofUtahandColorado,SthroughmostofBajaCaliforniaandtoCDurango,EtopanhandleofOklahomaandStoDelRio,Texas. M.y.lambiBenson,1947—NWMexico,knownonlyfromSanIgnacio,BajaCalifornia. M. y. lutosus G. S. Miller & G. M. Allen, 1928 — C Mexico from Sinaloa and S Zacatecas to Morelos. M.y.oxalisDalquest,1947—WUSA,inCentralValleyofCalifornia. M.y.saturatusG.S.Miller1897—SWCanadainCBritishColumbiaandthroughcoastalandcentralrangesofWestCoasttoMexicanborder. M. y. sociabilis H. W. Grinnell, 1914 — from SW Canada in SE British Columbia and W Montana W to C Washington and Oregon, and then S to NE California in W USA.
Subspecies and Distribution. M.v.volansH.Allen,1866—NWMexico(BajaCalifornia). M.v.amotusG.S.Miller,1914—SCMex-ico. M.v.interiorG.S.Miller,1914-SCCan-ada(SSaskatchewan),W&CUSA(SEWashington,EOregon,Idaho,Montana,WNorthDakota,WSouthDakota,Wyoming,E&SCalifornia,Nevada,Utah,Colorado,WNebraska,Arizona,NewMexico,andW&NTexas),andNMexico. M. v. longicrus True, 1886 — W Canada (SW Yukon, British Columbia including Vancouver I, and S Alberta) and W USA (extreme SW Alaska, Washington, W Oregon, and NW & WC California). in Vespertilionidae
Subspecies and Distribution. M.v.volansH.Allen,1866—NWMexico(BajaCalifornia). M.v.amotusG.S.Miller,1914—SCMex-ico. M.v.interiorG.S.Miller,1914-SCCan-ada(SSaskatchewan),W&CUSA(SEWashington,EOregon,Idaho,Montana,WNorthDakota,WSouthDakota,Wyoming,E&SCalifornia,Nevada,Utah,Colorado,WNebraska,Arizona,NewMexico,andW&NTexas),andNMexico. M. v. longicrus True, 1886 — W Canada (SW Yukon, British Columbia including Vancouver I, and S Alberta) and W USA (extreme SW Alaska, Washington, W Oregon, and NW & WC California).
Subspecies and Distribution. M.t.temamaKerr,1792—SMexico. M.t.cerasinaHollister,1914—PanamaandNWColombia. M. t. reperticia Goldman, 1913 — from Guatemala and Belize to Costa Rica. in Cervidae
Subspecies and Distribution. M.t.temamaKerr,1792—SMexico. M.t.cerasinaHollister,1914—PanamaandNWColombia. M. t. reperticia Goldman, 1913 — from Guatemala and Belize to Costa Rica.
Subspecies and Distribution. A.a.alcesLinnaeus,1758—fromScandinavia,Finland,BalticstatesandPolandEtotheYeniseyRiver. A.a.americanaClinton,1822—ECanada(COntariotoNewfoundland). A.a.andersoniPeterson,1950—fromBritishColumbiatoMinnesotaandOntario. A.a.buturliniChernyavsky&Zhelesnov,1982—NESiberiaandKamchatka. A.a.cameloidesMilne-Edwards,1867—NMongolia,Ussuriland,NManchuria. A.a.gigasMiller,1899—AlaskaandYukon. A.a.pfizenmayeriZukowsky,1910—fromCSiberiatoStanovoyMtsandCherskiyMts. A. a. shirasi Nelson, 1914 — from S Alberta to Wyoming and Utah. in Cervidae
Subspecies and Distribution. A.a.alcesLinnaeus,1758—fromScandinavia,Finland,BalticstatesandPolandEtotheYeniseyRiver. A.a.americanaClinton,1822—ECanada(COntariotoNewfoundland). A.a.andersoniPeterson,1950—fromBritishColumbiatoMinnesotaandOntario. A.a.buturliniChernyavsky&Zhelesnov,1982—NESiberiaandKamchatka. A.a.cameloidesMilne-Edwards,1867—NMongolia,Ussuriland,NManchuria. A.a.gigasMiller,1899—AlaskaandYukon. A.a.pfizenmayeriZukowsky,1910—fromCSiberiatoStanovoyMtsandCherskiyMts. A. a. shirasi Nelson, 1914 — from S Alberta to Wyoming and Utah.
Subspecies and Distribution. A.r.rufaRafinesque,1817—NWUSA,fromNOregon(justSofColumbiaRiver)tocoastalSOregonandNCalifornia. A.r.californicaPeters,1865—SierraNevadaMtsinECaliforniaandextremeWNevada. A.r.humboldtianaTaylor,1916—HumboldtCounty,coastalNWCalifornia. A.r.nigraTaylor,1914—PointA.r.,MendocinoCounty,coastalNCalifornia. A.r.olympicaMerriam,1899—SWCanada(SBritishColumbia)andNWUSA(WWashington),fromtheFraserRiverStotheColumbiaRiver. A.r.pacificaMerriam,1899—NWcoastofOregonfromthemouthoftheColumbiaRiverStoNewport. A. r. phaea Merriam, 1899 — Point Reyes, Marin County, coastal N California. in Aplodontiidae
Subspecies and Distribution. A.r.rufaRafinesque,1817—NWUSA,fromNOregon(justSofColumbiaRiver)tocoastalSOregonandNCalifornia. A.r.californicaPeters,1865—SierraNevadaMtsinECaliforniaandextremeWNevada. A.r.humboldtianaTaylor,1916—HumboldtCounty,coastalNWCalifornia. A.r.nigraTaylor,1914—PointA.r.,MendocinoCounty,coastalNCalifornia. A.r.olympicaMerriam,1899—SWCanada(SBritishColumbia)andNWUSA(WWashington),fromtheFraserRiverStotheColumbiaRiver. A.r.pacificaMerriam,1899—NWcoastofOregonfromthemouthoftheColumbiaRiverStoNewport. A. r. phaea Merriam, 1899 — Point Reyes, Marin County, coastal N California.
Distribution. SW Amazonian Brazil (Rondonia State), known only from José Bonifacio Indian Village (12° 10" S and 60° 09' W), where initially collected in 1914, and Pimenta Bueno (12° 12' S and 60° 41° W). in Ctenomyidae
Distribution. SW Amazonian Brazil (Rondonia State), known only from José Bonifacio Indian Village (12° 10" S and 60° 09' W), where initially collected in 1914, and Pimenta Bueno (12° 12' S and 60° 41° W).
Subspecies and Distribution. O.s.sibiricaForster,1778—SESiberia(BuryatiaandZabaykalskyKraiinRussia),N&NEMongolia,andNEChina(NEInnerMongolia[=NeiMongol],Heilongjiang,andJilin). O.s.altorumOgneyv,1946—SslopesofTianShaninSKyrgyzstanandWChina(SWXinjiang). O.s.bulganensisShenbrot,1991—DzungarianBasininNWChina(NXinjiang)andSWMongolia. O.s.dementiew:Toktosunov,1958—Issyk-KulLakeBasininNEKyrgyzstan. O.s.longiorG.S.Miller,1911—C&EChina(NfoothillsofTibetanPlateauinQinghai,Gansu,Ningxia,andSShaanxi,andHebei). O.s.ogneviShenbrot,1991—C&EKazakhstanEofSary-suRiver. O.s.rueckbeiliThomas,1914—IliBasininSEKazakhstan(AlmatyRegion). O.s.saltatorEversmann,1848—SSiberia(SAltaiandTuvainRussia),NW,C&SMongolia,andNChina(InnerMongolia,NShaanxi,NShanxi,andNLiaoning). O. s. suschkini Satunin, 1900 — SW Kazakhstan (W of Sary-su River), NW Uzbekistan, and N Turkmenistan. in Dipodidae
Subspecies and Distribution. O.s.sibiricaForster,1778—SESiberia(BuryatiaandZabaykalskyKraiinRussia),N&NEMongolia,andNEChina(NEInnerMongolia[=NeiMongol],Heilongjiang,andJilin). O.s.altorumOgneyv,1946—SslopesofTianShaninSKyrgyzstanandWChina(SWXinjiang). O.s.bulganensisShenbrot,1991—DzungarianBasininNWChina(NXinjiang)andSWMongolia. O.s.dementiew:Toktosunov,1958—Issyk-KulLakeBasininNEKyrgyzstan. O.s.longiorG.S.Miller,1911—C&EChina(NfoothillsofTibetanPlateauinQinghai,Gansu,Ningxia,andSShaanxi,andHebei). O.s.ogneviShenbrot,1991—C&EKazakhstanEofSary-suRiver. O.s.rueckbeiliThomas,1914—IliBasininSEKazakhstan(AlmatyRegion). O.s.saltatorEversmann,1848—SSiberia(SAltaiandTuvainRussia),NW,C&SMongolia,andNChina(InnerMongolia,NShaanxi,NShanxi,andNLiaoning). O. s. suschkini Satunin, 1900 — SW Kazakhstan (W of Sary-su River), NW Uzbekistan, and N Turkmenistan.
Subspecies and Distribution. T.b.bottaeEydoux&Gervais,1836—PacificcoastofC&SCalifornia,USA. T.b.abbottiHuey,1928—PacificcoastofCBajaCalifornia,Mexico.T°b.abstrususHall&Davis,1935—NyeCounty,Nevada,USA. T.b.actuosusKelson,1951—CNewMexico,USA. T.b.albatusGrinnell,1912—SCCalifornia,USA. T.b.albicaudatusHall,1930—NUtah,USA. T.b.alexandraeGoldman,1933—NCArizona,USA. T.b.alpinusMerriam,1897—SierraNevadaRangeofCCalifornia,USA. T.b.alticolusJ.A.Allen,1899—SBajaCaliforniaSur,Mexico. T.b.analogusGoldman,1938—SECoahuila,Mexico. T.b.angustidensBaker,1953—NWCoahuila,Mexico. T.b.anitaeJ.A.Allen,1898—SBajaCaliforniaSur,Mexico. T.b.aphrastusElliot,1903—NWBajaCalifornia,Mexico. T.b.aurerventrisHall,1930—NWUtah,USA. T.b.aureusJ.A.Allen,1893—NEArizonaandadjacentpartsofUtah,Colorado,andNewMexico,USA. T.b.awahneeMerriam,1908—WCCalifornia,USA. T.b.baileyiMerriam,1901—NWTexas,USA. T.b.basilicaeBenson&Tillotson,1940—NWSonora,Mexico. T.b.birdseye:Goldman,1937—SWUtah,USA. T.b.bonneuvilletDurrant,1946—WCUtah,USA. T.b.borjasensisHuey,1945—SBajaCalifornia,Mexico. T.b.brazierhowelliHuey,1960—WCBajaCalifornia,Mexico. T.b.brevidensHall,1932—CNevada,USA. T:b.cactophilusHuey,1929—SBajaCalifornia,USA. T.b.camoaeBurt,1937—PacificcoastofSSonora,Mexico. T.b.canusBailey,1910—NWNevada,USA. T.b.catalinaeGoldman,1931—SCArizona,USA. T.b.catavinensisHuey,1931—SEBajaCalifornia,USA. T.b.centralisHall,1930—SEUtah,USA. T.b.cervinusJ.A.Allen,1895—SWArizona,USA. T:b.chrysonotusGrinnell,1912—SWArizona,USA. T.b.cinereusHall,1932—WCNevada,USA. T:b.collisHooper,1940—WCNewMexico,USA. T.b.concisorHall&Davis,1935—CNevada,USA. T.b.confinalisGoldman,1936—SWTexas,USA. T.b.connectensHall,1936—NCNewMexico,USA. T.b.contractusDurrant,1946—SWUtah,USA. T.b.convergensNelson&Goldman,1934—WCSonora,Mexico. T.b.convexusDurrant,1939—WCUtah,USA. T:b.cultellusKelson,1951—NENewMexicoandSEColorado,USA. T.b.cuniculariusHuey,1945—NCBajaCalifornia,Mexico. T.b.curtatusHall,1932—WCNevada,USA. T.b.depressusHall,1932—WCNevada,USA. T.b.desertorumMerriam,1901—NWArizona,USA. T.b.detumidusGrinnell,1935—SWOregon,USA. T.b.dissimilisGoldman,1931—SEUtah,USA. T.b.divergensNelson&Goldman,1934—NESonora,Mexico. T:b.estanciaeBenson&Tillotson,1939—NESonora,Mexico. T.b.fulvusWoodhouse,1852—NCArizonatoSWNewMexico,USA. T.b.fumosusHall,1932—CNevada,USA. T.b.guadalupensisGoldman,1936—WCTexas,USA. T:b.homorusHuey,1949—NBajaCaliforniaSurintoSBajaCalifornia,Mexico. T.b.howelliGoldman,1936—ECUtahintoWCColorado,USA. T.b.humilisBaker,1953—NCoahuila,Mexico. T:b.imitabilisGoldman,1939—SBajaCaliforniaSur,Mexico. T.b.incomptusGoldman,1939—-WCBajaCaliforniaSur,Mexico. T:b.internatusGoldman,1936—SCColorado,USA. T.b.jojobaeHuey,1945—NCBajaCalifornia,Mexico. T.b.juarezensisHuey,1945—NCBajaCalifornia,Mexico. T.b.lachuguillaBailey,1902—WCTexas,USA. T.b.lacrymalisHall,1932—WCNevada,USA. T:b.laticepsBaird,1855—NWCaliforniaintoSWOregon,USA. T.b.latusHall&Davis,1935—WCNevada,USA. T.b.lenisGoldman,1942—CUtah,USA. T.b.leucodonMerriam,1897—NCaliforniaintoSWOregon,USA. T:b.levidensisGoldman,1942—CUtah,USA. T.b.limitarisGoldman,1936—SWTexas,USA. T.b.limpiaeBlair,1939—SWTexas,USA. T.b.litorisBurt,1940—WCBajaCaliforniaSur,Mexico. T.b.lucidusHall,1932—NCBajaCalifornia,Mexico. T.b.lucrificusHall&Durham,1938—CNevada,USA. T.b.magdalenaeNelson&Goldman,1909-WCBajaCaliforniaSur,Mexico. T.b.martirensisJ.A.Allen,1898—NCBajaCalifornia,Mexico. T.b.mearnsiBailey,1914—SWNewMexico,USA. T.b.mewaMerriam,1908—CCalifornia,USA. T:b.minimusDurrant,1939—NWUtah,USA. T.b.modicusGoldman,1931—SCArizona,USA,intoNCSonora,Mexico. T.b.morulusHooper,1940—NCNewMexico,USA. T.b.nanusHall,1932—SCNevada,USA. T.b.navusMerriam,1901—NCCalifornia,USA. T.b.neglectusBailey,1914—SWCalifornia,USA. T.b.nesophilusDurrant,1936—NWUtah,USA. T.b.nigricansRhoads,1895—SWCalifornia,USA,intoNWBajaCalifornia,Mexico. T.b.operariusMerriam,1897—SECalifornia,USA. T.b.optabilisGoodman,1936—SWColorado,USA. T.b.opulentusGoldman,1935—C&SCNewMexico,USA. T:b.osgoodiGoldman,1931—SCUtah,USA. T.b.paguataeHooper,1940—NWNewMexico,USA. T:b.pascalisMerriam,1901—CCalifornia,USA. T:b.pectoralisGoldman,1936—SENewMexico,USA. T.b.peramplusGoldman,1931—NEArizonaintoNWNewMexico,USA. T.b.perditusMerriam,1901—CCoahuilaintoNWNuevoLe6n,Mexico. T.b.perpallidusMerriam,1886—SCCalifornia,USA. T:b.pervagusMerriam,1901—NCNewMexicointoSCColorado,USA. T.b.pervariusGoldman,1938—SWTexas,USA. T:b.phelleoecusBurt,1933—SCNevada,USA. T.b.pinalensisGoldman,1938—SCArizona,USA. T:b.planirostrisBurt,1931—SWUtahintoNWArizona,USA. T.b.planorumHooper,1940—WCNewMexico,USA. T.b.powellDurrant,1955—SCUtah,USA. T.b.proximarinusHuey,1945—NWBajaCalifornia,Mexico. T:b.pusillusGoldman,1931—SCArizona,USA. T.b.retractusBaker,1953—NCoahuila,Mexico. T.b.rhizophagusHuey,1949—SWBajaCalifornia,Mexico. T.b.ripariusGrinnell&Hill,1936—SECalifornia,USA. T.b.robustusDurrant,1946—NWUtah,USA. T.b.rubidusYoungman,1958—SCColorado,USA. T.b.ruidosaeHall,1932—SCNewMexico,USA. T.b.rupestrisChattin,1941—SCCalifornia,USA. T.b.ruricolaHuey,1949—SWBajaCalifornia,USA. T:b.russeolusNelson&Goldman,1909—SWBajaCaliforniatoNWBajaCaliforniaSur,Mexico. T.b.saxatillisGrinnell,1934—NECalifornia,USA. T.b.scotophilusDavis,1940—WCTexas,USA. T.b.sevieriDurrant,1946—WCUtah,USA. T.b.siccovallisHuey,1945—CBajaCalifornia,Mexico. T:b.simulusNelson&Goldman,1934—SEIdaho,USA. T:b.sinaloaeMerriam,1901—NWandWCSinaloa,Mexico. T.b.solitariusGrinnell,1926—WCNevada,USA. T:b.spatiosusGoldman,1938—SWTexas,USA. T.b.stansburyDurrant,1946—NWUtah,USA. T:b.sturgisiGoldman,1938—NWCoahuilaintoEChihuahua,Mexico. T.b.subsimilisGoldman,1933—SWArizona,USA. T.b.texensisBailey,1902—SWTexas,USA. T.b.tiviusDurrant,1937—CUtah,USA. T.b.toltecusJ.A.Allen,1893—SWNewMexico,USA,intoNWChihuahua,Mexico. T.b.tularosaeHall,1932—SCNewMexico,USA. T.b.vanrosseniHuey,1934—NWSonora,Mexico. T.b.varusHall&Long,1960—WCSinaloa,Mexico. T.b.vescusHall&Davis,1935—CNevada,USA. T.b.villa:Baker,1953—NWCoahuila,Mexico. T.b.wahwahensisDurrant,1937—WCUtah,USA. T.b.winthropiNelson&Goldman,1934—WCSonora,Mexico. T. b. xerophilus Huey, 1945 — NC Baja California, Mexico. in Geomyidae
Subspecies and Distribution. T.b.bottaeEydoux&Gervais,1836—PacificcoastofC&SCalifornia,USA. T.b.abbottiHuey,1928—PacificcoastofCBajaCalifornia,Mexico.T°b.abstrususHall&Davis,1935—NyeCounty,Nevada,USA. T.b.actuosusKelson,1951—CNewMexico,USA. T.b.albatusGrinnell,1912—SCCalifornia,USA. T.b.albicaudatusHall,1930—NUtah,USA. T.b.alexandraeGoldman,1933—NCArizona,USA. T.b.alpinusMerriam,1897—SierraNevadaRangeofCCalifornia,USA. T.b.alticolusJ.A.Allen,1899—SBajaCaliforniaSur,Mexico. T.b.analogusGoldman,1938—SECoahuila,Mexico. T.b.angustidensBaker,1953—NWCoahuila,Mexico. T.b.anitaeJ.A.Allen,1898—SBajaCaliforniaSur,Mexico. T.b.aphrastusElliot,1903—NWBajaCalifornia,Mexico. T.b.aurerventrisHall,1930—NWUtah,USA. T.b.aureusJ.A.Allen,1893—NEArizonaandadjacentpartsofUtah,Colorado,andNewMexico,USA. T.b.awahneeMerriam,1908—WCCalifornia,USA. T.b.baileyiMerriam,1901—NWTexas,USA. T.b.basilicaeBenson&Tillotson,1940—NWSonora,Mexico. T.b.birdseye:Goldman,1937—SWUtah,USA. T.b.bonneuvilletDurrant,1946—WCUtah,USA. T.b.borjasensisHuey,1945—SBajaCalifornia,Mexico. T.b.brazierhowelliHuey,1960—WCBajaCalifornia,Mexico. T.b.brevidensHall,1932—CNevada,USA. T:b.cactophilusHuey,1929—SBajaCalifornia,USA. T.b.camoaeBurt,1937—PacificcoastofSSonora,Mexico. T.b.canusBailey,1910—NWNevada,USA. T.b.catalinaeGoldman,1931—SCArizona,USA. T.b.catavinensisHuey,1931—SEBajaCalifornia,USA. T.b.centralisHall,1930—SEUtah,USA. T.b.cervinusJ.A.Allen,1895—SWArizona,USA. T:b.chrysonotusGrinnell,1912—SWArizona,USA. T.b.cinereusHall,1932—WCNevada,USA. T:b.collisHooper,1940—WCNewMexico,USA. T.b.concisorHall&Davis,1935—CNevada,USA. T.b.confinalisGoldman,1936—SWTexas,USA. T.b.connectensHall,1936—NCNewMexico,USA. T.b.contractusDurrant,1946—SWUtah,USA. T.b.convergensNelson&Goldman,1934—WCSonora,Mexico. T.b.convexusDurrant,1939—WCUtah,USA. T:b.cultellusKelson,1951—NENewMexicoandSEColorado,USA. T.b.cuniculariusHuey,1945—NCBajaCalifornia,Mexico. T.b.curtatusHall,1932—WCNevada,USA. T.b.depressusHall,1932—WCNevada,USA. T.b.desertorumMerriam,1901—NWArizona,USA. T.b.detumidusGrinnell,1935—SWOregon,USA. T.b.dissimilisGoldman,1931—SEUtah,USA. T.b.divergensNelson&Goldman,1934—NESonora,Mexico. T:b.estanciaeBenson&Tillotson,1939—NESonora,Mexico. T.b.fulvusWoodhouse,1852—NCArizonatoSWNewMexico,USA. T.b.fumosusHall,1932—CNevada,USA. T.b.guadalupensisGoldman,1936—WCTexas,USA. T:b.homorusHuey,1949—NBajaCaliforniaSurintoSBajaCalifornia,Mexico. T.b.howelliGoldman,1936—ECUtahintoWCColorado,USA. T.b.humilisBaker,1953—NCoahuila,Mexico. T:b.imitabilisGoldman,1939—SBajaCaliforniaSur,Mexico. T.b.incomptusGoldman,1939—-WCBajaCaliforniaSur,Mexico. T:b.internatusGoldman,1936—SCColorado,USA. T.b.jojobaeHuey,1945—NCBajaCalifornia,Mexico. T.b.juarezensisHuey,1945—NCBajaCalifornia,Mexico. T.b.lachuguillaBailey,1902—WCTexas,USA. T.b.lacrymalisHall,1932—WCNevada,USA. T:b.laticepsBaird,1855—NWCaliforniaintoSWOregon,USA. T.b.latusHall&Davis,1935—WCNevada,USA. T.b.lenisGoldman,1942—CUtah,USA. T.b.leucodonMerriam,1897—NCaliforniaintoSWOregon,USA. T:b.levidensisGoldman,1942—CUtah,USA. T.b.limitarisGoldman,1936—SWTexas,USA. T.b.limpiaeBlair,1939—SWTexas,USA. T.b.litorisBurt,1940—WCBajaCaliforniaSur,Mexico. T.b.lucidusHall,1932—NCBajaCalifornia,Mexico. T.b.lucrificusHall&Durham,1938—CNevada,USA. T.b.magdalenaeNelson&Goldman,1909-WCBajaCaliforniaSur,Mexico. T.b.martirensisJ.A.Allen,1898—NCBajaCalifornia,Mexico. T.b.mearnsiBailey,1914—SWNewMexico,USA. T.b.mewaMerriam,1908—CCalifornia,USA. T:b.minimusDurrant,1939—NWUtah,USA. T.b.modicusGoldman,1931—SCArizona,USA,intoNCSonora,Mexico. T.b.morulusHooper,1940—NCNewMexico,USA. T.b.nanusHall,1932—SCNevada,USA. T.b.navusMerriam,1901—NCCalifornia,USA. T.b.neglectusBailey,1914—SWCalifornia,USA. T.b.nesophilusDurrant,1936—NWUtah,USA. T.b.nigricansRhoads,1895—SWCalifornia,USA,intoNWBajaCalifornia,Mexico. T.b.operariusMerriam,1897—SECalifornia,USA. T.b.optabilisGoodman,1936—SWColorado,USA. T.b.opulentusGoldman,1935—C&SCNewMexico,USA. T:b.osgoodiGoldman,1931—SCUtah,USA. T.b.paguataeHooper,1940—NWNewMexico,USA. T:b.pascalisMerriam,1901—CCalifornia,USA. T:b.pectoralisGoldman,1936—SENewMexico,USA. T.b.peramplusGoldman,1931—NEArizonaintoNWNewMexico,USA. T.b.perditusMerriam,1901—CCoahuilaintoNWNuevoLe6n,Mexico. T.b.perpallidusMerriam,1886—SCCalifornia,USA. T:b.pervagusMerriam,1901—NCNewMexicointoSCColorado,USA. T.b.pervariusGoldman,1938—SWTexas,USA. T:b.phelleoecusBurt,1933—SCNevada,USA. T.b.pinalensisGoldman,1938—SCArizona,USA. T:b.planirostrisBurt,1931—SWUtahintoNWArizona,USA. T.b.planorumHooper,1940—WCNewMexico,USA. T.b.powellDurrant,1955—SCUtah,USA. T.b.proximarinusHuey,1945—NWBajaCalifornia,Mexico. T:b.pusillusGoldman,1931—SCArizona,USA. T.b.retractusBaker,1953—NCoahuila,Mexico. T.b.rhizophagusHuey,1949—SWBajaCalifornia,Mexico. T.b.ripariusGrinnell&Hill,1936—SECalifornia,USA. T.b.robustusDurrant,1946—NWUtah,USA. T.b.rubidusYoungman,1958—SCColorado,USA. T.b.ruidosaeHall,1932—SCNewMexico,USA. T.b.rupestrisChattin,1941—SCCalifornia,USA. T.b.ruricolaHuey,1949—SWBajaCalifornia,USA. T:b.russeolusNelson&Goldman,1909—SWBajaCaliforniatoNWBajaCaliforniaSur,Mexico. T.b.saxatillisGrinnell,1934—NECalifornia,USA. T.b.scotophilusDavis,1940—WCTexas,USA. T.b.sevieriDurrant,1946—WCUtah,USA. T.b.siccovallisHuey,1945—CBajaCalifornia,Mexico. T:b.simulusNelson&Goldman,1934—SEIdaho,USA. T:b.sinaloaeMerriam,1901—NWandWCSinaloa,Mexico. T.b.solitariusGrinnell,1926—WCNevada,USA. T:b.spatiosusGoldman,1938—SWTexas,USA. T.b.stansburyDurrant,1946—NWUtah,USA. T:b.sturgisiGoldman,1938—NWCoahuilaintoEChihuahua,Mexico. T.b.subsimilisGoldman,1933—SWArizona,USA. T.b.texensisBailey,1902—SWTexas,USA. T.b.tiviusDurrant,1937—CUtah,USA. T.b.toltecusJ.A.Allen,1893—SWNewMexico,USA,intoNWChihuahua,Mexico. T.b.tularosaeHall,1932—SCNewMexico,USA. T.b.vanrosseniHuey,1934—NWSonora,Mexico. T.b.varusHall&Long,1960—WCSinaloa,Mexico. T.b.vescusHall&Davis,1935—CNevada,USA. T.b.villa:Baker,1953—NWCoahuila,Mexico. T.b.wahwahensisDurrant,1937—WCUtah,USA. T.b.winthropiNelson&Goldman,1934—WCSonora,Mexico. T. b. xerophilus Huey, 1945 — NC Baja California, Mexico.
Subspecies and Distribution. T.m.mazamaMerriam,1897—CascadeRange,fromCOregonthroughNCalifor- nia,USA. T.m.couchiGoldman,1939—vicinityofShelton,MasonCounty,Washington,USA. T.m.glacialisDalquest&Scheffer,1942—RoyPrairie,PierceCounty,Washington,USA. T.m.helleriElliot,1903—mouthoftheRogueRiver,CurryCounty,Washington,USA. T.m.hesperusMerriam,1901—coastalrangesofNWOregon,USA. T.m.lowieiGardner,1950—NECathlamet,WahkiakumCounty,Washington,USA. T.m.melanopsMerriam,1899—OlympicMts,ClallamCounty,Washington,USA. T.m.nasicusMerriam,1897—DeschutesRiverregion,COregon,USA. T.m.nigerMerriam,1901—coastofCOregon,USA. T.m.oregonusMerriam,1901—N&NWedgeofWillametteValley,Oregon,USA. T.m.premaxillarisGrinnell,1914—YollaBollyMts,TehamaCounty,California,USA. T.m.pugetensisDalquest&Scheffer,1942—vicinityofOlympia,ThurstonCounty,Washington,USA. T.m.tumuliDalquest&Scheffer,1942—NofTenino,ThurstonCounty,Washington,USA. T. m. yelmensis Merriam, 1899 — vicinity of Yelm Prairie, Thurston County, Washington, USA. in Geomyidae
Subspecies and Distribution. T.m.mazamaMerriam,1897—CascadeRange,fromCOregonthroughNCalifor- nia,USA. T.m.couchiGoldman,1939—vicinityofShelton,MasonCounty,Washington,USA. T.m.glacialisDalquest&Scheffer,1942—RoyPrairie,PierceCounty,Washington,USA. T.m.helleriElliot,1903—mouthoftheRogueRiver,CurryCounty,Washington,USA. T.m.hesperusMerriam,1901—coastalrangesofNWOregon,USA. T.m.lowieiGardner,1950—NECathlamet,WahkiakumCounty,Washington,USA. T.m.melanopsMerriam,1899—OlympicMts,ClallamCounty,Washington,USA. T.m.nasicusMerriam,1897—DeschutesRiverregion,COregon,USA. T.m.nigerMerriam,1901—coastofCOregon,USA. T.m.oregonusMerriam,1901—N&NWedgeofWillametteValley,Oregon,USA. T.m.premaxillarisGrinnell,1914—YollaBollyMts,TehamaCounty,California,USA. T.m.pugetensisDalquest&Scheffer,1942—vicinityofOlympia,ThurstonCounty,Washington,USA. T.m.tumuliDalquest&Scheffer,1942—NofTenino,ThurstonCounty,Washington,USA. T. m. yelmensis Merriam, 1899 — vicinity of Yelm Prairie, Thurston County, Washington, USA.
Subspecies and Distribution. T.t.talpoidesRichardson,1828—NCMontana,USA,andNEintoAlberta,Saskatchewan,andManitoba,Canada. T.t.aequalidensDalquest,1942—SEWashingtonandadjacentpartsofIdaho,USA. T.t.agrestisMerriam,1908—SCColorado,USA. T.t.andersoniGoldman,1939—SEAlberta,Canada. T.t.attenuatusHall&Montague,1951—SEWyomingandadjacentpartsofColorado,USA. T.t.bridger:Merriam,1901—SEIdaho,extendingEandSintoWWyoming,USA. T.t.bullatusBailey,1914—EMontana,extendingintoNorthDakotaandColorado,USA,andSaskatchewan,Canada. T.t.cary:Bailey,1914—NCWyoming,USA. T.t.cheyennensisSwenk,1941—NEWyomingandadjacentpartsofNebraska,USA. T. t. cognatusJohnstone, 1955 — SE British Columbia, Canada. T.t.columbianusBailey,1914—SCWashingtonandadjacentpartsofOregon,USA. T.t.devexusHall&Dalquest,1939—ECWashington,USA. T.t.douglasiiRichardson,1829—WWashington,USA. T.t.durrantiKelson,1949—WCColoradoextendingintoUtah,withdisjunctpopulationsinSEUtah,USA. T.t.falciferGrinnell,1926—CNevada,USA. T. t. fisheri Merriam, 1901 — NE California extending into W Nevada, USA. T.t.fossor].A.Allen,1893—SWColoradointoNNewMexico,withdisjunctpopulationsonArizona—NewMexicoborder,USA. T.t.fuscusMerriam,1891—CIdahointoNCWashington,USA,andSBritishColumbia,Canada. T.t.gracilisDurrant,1939—NENevadaandadjacentpartsofUtahextendingSWintocentralNevada,USA. T.t.immunisHall&Dalquest,1939—SCWashington,USA. T.t.incensusGoldman,1939—SBritishColumbia,Canada. T.t.kaibabensisGoldman,1938—NArizona,USA. T:t.kelloggiGoldman,1939—SCMontana,USA. T.t.levisGoldman,1938—SCUtahandadjacentpartsofArizona,USA. T.t.limosusMerriam,1901—SCWashingtonandadjacentpartsofOregon,USA. T:t.loringiBailey,1914—SCAlberta,Canada. T.t.macrotisMiller,1930—NCColorado,USA. T.t.mediusGoldman,1939—SEBritishColumbia,Canada. T.t.meritusHall,1951—NWColoradoandadjacentpartsofWyoming,USA. T.t.monoensisHuey,1934—WCNevadaandadjacentpartsofCalifornia,USA. T.t.moore:Goldman,1938—CUtah,USA. T.t.nebulosusBailey,1914—WSouthDakotaandadjacentpartsofWyoming,USA. T.t.ociusMerriam,1901—NWColoradoandadjacentpartsofUtahandWyoming,USA. T:t.oquirrhensisDurrant,1939—NCUtah,USA. T.t.parowanensisGoldman,1938—SWUtah,USA. T.t.pierreicolusSwenk,1941—WSouthDakotaandadjacentpartsofMontana,Wyoming,andNebraska,USA. T:t.pryoriBailey,1914—SCMontana,USA. T.t.quadratusMerriam,1897—EOregonandadjacentpartsofIdaho,Nevada,andCalifornia,USA. T.t.ravusDurrant,1946—NEUtah,USA. T.t.relicinusGoldman,1939—SCIdaho,USA. T.t.retrorsusHall,1951—ECColorado,USA. T.t.rostralisHall&Montague,1951—CColoradoandadjacentpartsofWyoming,USA. T.t.rufescensWied-Neuwied,1839—NorthDakotaandadjacentpartsofSouthDakotaandMinnesota,USA,andManitobaandSaskatchewan,Canada. T.t.saturatusBailey,1914—NIdahoandadjacentpartsofMontana,USA,andBritishColumbia,Canada. T. t. segregatusJohnstone, 1955 — SE British Columbia, Canada. T.t.shawiTaylor,1921—SCWashington,USA. T:t.tayloriHooper,1940—NWNewMexico,USA. T.t.tenellusGoldman,1939—NWWyomingandadjacentpartsofMontana,USA. T.t.trivialisGoldman,1939—CMontana,USA. T.t.wintaMerriam,1901—NEUtah,USA. T.t.wallowaHall&Orr,1933—NEOregonandadjacentpartsofWashington,USA. T.t.wasatchensisDurrant,1946—NEUtah,USA. T.t.whitmaniDrake&Booth,1952—SEWashington,USA. T: t. yakimensis Hall & Dalquest, 1939 — SC Washington, USA. in Geomyidae
Subspecies and Distribution. T.t.talpoidesRichardson,1828—NCMontana,USA,andNEintoAlberta,Saskatchewan,andManitoba,Canada. T.t.aequalidensDalquest,1942—SEWashingtonandadjacentpartsofIdaho,USA. T.t.agrestisMerriam,1908—SCColorado,USA. T.t.andersoniGoldman,1939—SEAlberta,Canada. T.t.attenuatusHall&Montague,1951—SEWyomingandadjacentpartsofColorado,USA. T.t.bridger:Merriam,1901—SEIdaho,extendingEandSintoWWyoming,USA. T.t.bullatusBailey,1914—EMontana,extendingintoNorthDakotaandColorado,USA,andSaskatchewan,Canada. T.t.cary:Bailey,1914—NCWyoming,USA. T.t.cheyennensisSwenk,1941—NEWyomingandadjacentpartsofNebraska,USA. T. t. cognatusJohnstone, 1955 — SE British Columbia, Canada. T.t.columbianusBailey,1914—SCWashingtonandadjacentpartsofOregon,USA. T.t.devexusHall&Dalquest,1939—ECWashington,USA. T.t.douglasiiRichardson,1829—WWashington,USA. T.t.durrantiKelson,1949—WCColoradoextendingintoUtah,withdisjunctpopulationsinSEUtah,USA. T.t.falciferGrinnell,1926—CNevada,USA. T. t. fisheri Merriam, 1901 — NE California extending into W Nevada, USA. T.t.fossor].A.Allen,1893—SWColoradointoNNewMexico,withdisjunctpopulationsonArizona—NewMexicoborder,USA. T.t.fuscusMerriam,1891—CIdahointoNCWashington,USA,andSBritishColumbia,Canada. T.t.gracilisDurrant,1939—NENevadaandadjacentpartsofUtahextendingSWintocentralNevada,USA. T.t.immunisHall&Dalquest,1939—SCWashington,USA. T.t.incensusGoldman,1939—SBritishColumbia,Canada. T.t.kaibabensisGoldman,1938—NArizona,USA. T:t.kelloggiGoldman,1939—SCMontana,USA. T.t.levisGoldman,1938—SCUtahandadjacentpartsofArizona,USA. T.t.limosusMerriam,1901—SCWashingtonandadjacentpartsofOregon,USA. T:t.loringiBailey,1914—SCAlberta,Canada. T.t.macrotisMiller,1930—NCColorado,USA. T.t.mediusGoldman,1939—SEBritishColumbia,Canada. T.t.meritusHall,1951—NWColoradoandadjacentpartsofWyoming,USA. T.t.monoensisHuey,1934—WCNevadaandadjacentpartsofCalifornia,USA. T.t.moore:Goldman,1938—CUtah,USA. T.t.nebulosusBailey,1914—WSouthDakotaandadjacentpartsofWyoming,USA. T.t.ociusMerriam,1901—NWColoradoandadjacentpartsofUtahandWyoming,USA. T:t.oquirrhensisDurrant,1939—NCUtah,USA. T.t.parowanensisGoldman,1938—SWUtah,USA. T.t.pierreicolusSwenk,1941—WSouthDakotaandadjacentpartsofMontana,Wyoming,andNebraska,USA. T:t.pryoriBailey,1914—SCMontana,USA. T.t.quadratusMerriam,1897—EOregonandadjacentpartsofIdaho,Nevada,andCalifornia,USA. T.t.ravusDurrant,1946—NEUtah,USA. T.t.relicinusGoldman,1939—SCIdaho,USA. T.t.retrorsusHall,1951—ECColorado,USA. T.t.rostralisHall&Montague,1951—CColoradoandadjacentpartsofWyoming,USA. T.t.rufescensWied-Neuwied,1839—NorthDakotaandadjacentpartsofSouthDakotaandMinnesota,USA,andManitobaandSaskatchewan,Canada. T.t.saturatusBailey,1914—NIdahoandadjacentpartsofMontana,USA,andBritishColumbia,Canada. T. t. segregatusJohnstone, 1955 — SE British Columbia, Canada. T.t.shawiTaylor,1921—SCWashington,USA. T:t.tayloriHooper,1940—NWNewMexico,USA. T.t.tenellusGoldman,1939—NWWyomingandadjacentpartsofMontana,USA. T.t.trivialisGoldman,1939—CMontana,USA. T.t.wintaMerriam,1901—NEUtah,USA. T.t.wallowaHall&Orr,1933—NEOregonandadjacentpartsofWashington,USA. T.t.wasatchensisDurrant,1946—NEUtah,USA. T.t.whitmaniDrake&Booth,1952—SEWashington,USA. T: t. yakimensis Hall & Dalquest, 1939 — SC Washington, USA.
Subspecies and Distribution. M.m.megacephalusMerriam,1891—WUSA(GreatBasinDesertofCandNENevada). M.m.albiventerHall&Durrant,1937—WUSA(restrictedtoDesertValley,GreatBasinDesertofSENevada). M.m.ambiguusHall,1941—WUSA(SmokeCreekandBlackRockdeserts,lowerHum-boldtRiverValley,GreatBasinDesertofNWNevadaandadjacentNECalifornia). M.m.atrivelictusJ.C.Hafner,1985—WUSA(knownonlyfromGreatBasinDesertofextremeSWIdaho). M.m.californicusMerriam,1901—WUSA(GreatBasinDesertofWCNevadaandadjacentNECalifornia). M.m.leucotisHall&Durrant,1941—WUSA(restrictedtoBonnevilleBasin,GreatBasinDesertofNWUtah). M.m.mediusHall,1941—WUSA(GreatBasinDesertofNWNevada). M.m.nexusHall,1941—WUSA(GreatBasinDesertofNCNevada),butmaybeextinct. M.m.oregonusMerriam,1901—WUSA(ColumbiaPlateauofCOregontoGreatBasinDesertofNWNevadaandNECalifornia). M.m.paululusHall&Durrant,1941—WUSA(Pine,White,andSnakevalleys,GreatBasinDesertofWCUtah). M.m.polionotusGrinnell,1914—WUSA(MonoLakeBasinandheadofOwensValley,GreatBasinDesertofECalifornia). M. m. sabulonis Hall, 1941 — W USA (Great Basin Desert of SC Nevada). in Heteromyidae
Subspecies and Distribution. M.m.megacephalusMerriam,1891—WUSA(GreatBasinDesertofCandNENevada). M.m.albiventerHall&Durrant,1937—WUSA(restrictedtoDesertValley,GreatBasinDesertofSENevada). M.m.ambiguusHall,1941—WUSA(SmokeCreekandBlackRockdeserts,lowerHum-boldtRiverValley,GreatBasinDesertofNWNevadaandadjacentNECalifornia). M.m.atrivelictusJ.C.Hafner,1985—WUSA(knownonlyfromGreatBasinDesertofextremeSWIdaho). M.m.californicusMerriam,1901—WUSA(GreatBasinDesertofWCNevadaandadjacentNECalifornia). M.m.leucotisHall&Durrant,1941—WUSA(restrictedtoBonnevilleBasin,GreatBasinDesertofNWUtah). M.m.mediusHall,1941—WUSA(GreatBasinDesertofNWNevada). M.m.nexusHall,1941—WUSA(GreatBasinDesertofNCNevada),butmaybeextinct. M.m.oregonusMerriam,1901—WUSA(ColumbiaPlateauofCOregontoGreatBasinDesertofNWNevadaandNECalifornia). M.m.paululusHall&Durrant,1941—WUSA(Pine,White,andSnakevalleys,GreatBasinDesertofWCUtah). M.m.polionotusGrinnell,1914—WUSA(MonoLakeBasinandheadofOwensValley,GreatBasinDesertofECalifornia). M. m. sabulonis Hall, 1941 — W USA (Great Basin Desert of SC Nevada).
Subspecies and Distribution. O.m.macrotisGuiinther,1875—KunlunMtsinXinjiang,Tibet(=Xizang),andQinghai,WChina. O.m.chinensisThomas,1911—NWHengduanMtsinSEXizang,WSichuanandNWYunnan,SChina. O.m.sacanaThomas,1914—TianShanandPamir-AlayMtsfromSEKazakhstantoTajikistan. O. m. wollastoni Thomas & Hinton, 1922 — Karakoram and Ladakh ranges and Greater Himalayas E of 81° E. in Ochotonidae
Subspecies and Distribution. O.m.macrotisGuiinther,1875—KunlunMtsinXinjiang,Tibet(=Xizang),andQinghai,WChina. O.m.chinensisThomas,1911—NWHengduanMtsinSEXizang,WSichuanandNWYunnan,SChina. O.m.sacanaThomas,1914—TianShanandPamir-AlayMtsfromSEKazakhstantoTajikistan. O. m. wollastoni Thomas & Hinton, 1922 — Karakoram and Ladakh ranges and Greater Himalayas E of 81° E.
Subspecies and Distribution. L.e.europaeusPallas,1778—WesternEurope. L. e. caspicus Hemprich & Ehrenberg, 1832 — Lower Volga, Kalmykia (Russia) and W Kazakhstan. JR e. connor Robinson, 1918 — NW Iran. e. creticus Barrett-Hamilton, 1903 — Crete (Greece). a e. cyprius Barrett-Hamilton, 1903 — Cyprus. e. cyrensis Satunin, 1905 — Azerbaijan, Transcaucasia. a e. hybridus Desmarest, 1822 — Baltic States, Belarus, Ukraine, Finland, W & C Russia. Sl e. judeae Gray, 1867 — Palestine. aE e. karpathorum Hilzheimer, 1906 — Carpathian Mts. all e. medius Nilsson, 1820 — Denmark. al e. occidentalis de Winton, 1898 — Great Britain. ul e. parnassius Miller, 1903 — C Greece. el. e. ponticus Ognev, 1929 — Black Sea coast (Russia). ul. e. rhodius Festa, 1914 — Rhodes (Greece). Bl e. syriacus Hemprich & Ehrenberg, 1832 — Syria. ab. e. transsylvanicus Matschie, 1901 — E & SE Europe. in Leporidae
Subspecies and Distribution. L.e.europaeusPallas,1778—WesternEurope. L. e. caspicus Hemprich & Ehrenberg, 1832 — Lower Volga, Kalmykia (Russia) and W Kazakhstan. JR e. connor Robinson, 1918 — NW Iran. e. creticus Barrett-Hamilton, 1903 — Crete (Greece). a e. cyprius Barrett-Hamilton, 1903 — Cyprus. e. cyrensis Satunin, 1905 — Azerbaijan, Transcaucasia. a e. hybridus Desmarest, 1822 — Baltic States, Belarus, Ukraine, Finland, W & C Russia. Sl e. judeae Gray, 1867 — Palestine. aE e. karpathorum Hilzheimer, 1906 — Carpathian Mts. all e. medius Nilsson, 1820 — Denmark. al e. occidentalis de Winton, 1898 — Great Britain. ul e. parnassius Miller, 1903 — C Greece. el. e. ponticus Ognev, 1929 — Black Sea coast (Russia). ul. e. rhodius Festa, 1914 — Rhodes (Greece). Bl e. syriacus Hemprich & Ehrenberg, 1832 — Syria. ab. e. transsylvanicus Matschie, 1901 — E & SE Europe.
Subspecies and Distribution. O. a. albicauda Gunther, 1879 — E Andes Range in C Colombia. O. a. apolinariJ. A. Allen, 1914 — C Andes Range in Colombia in Echimyidae
Subspecies and Distribution. O. a. albicauda Gunther, 1879 — E Andes Range in C Colombia. O. a. apolinariJ. A. Allen, 1914 — C Andes Range in Colombia
Subspecies and Distribution. P.s.semispinosusTomes,1860—NWEcuador(EsmeraldasProvince). P.s.burrusBangs,1901—SanMiguelI,PearlIs(offSCPanama). P.s.centralisThomas,1896—EHonduras,E&CNicaragua,andN&ECostaRica. P.s.colombianusThomas,1914—WColombia(Pacificlowlands). P.s.goldmaniBole,1937—SWPanama(AzueroPeninsula). P.s.gorgonaeBangs,1905—GorgonaI(offSWColombia). P.s.ignotusKellogg,1946—IslaSanJosé,PearlIs(offSCPanama). P.s.panamensisThomas,1900—SWCostaRicathroughmostofPanamaandpossiblyextendingintoNWColombia. P.s.rosaThomas,1900—SWEcuador. P.s. rubellus Hollister, 1914 — C Costa Rica (Angostura Valley, Cartago Province). in Echimyidae
Subspecies and Distribution. P.s.semispinosusTomes,1860—NWEcuador(EsmeraldasProvince). P.s.burrusBangs,1901—SanMiguelI,PearlIs(offSCPanama). P.s.centralisThomas,1896—EHonduras,E&CNicaragua,andN&ECostaRica. P.s.colombianusThomas,1914—WColombia(Pacificlowlands). P.s.goldmaniBole,1937—SWPanama(AzueroPeninsula). P.s.gorgonaeBangs,1905—GorgonaI(offSWColombia). P.s.ignotusKellogg,1946—IslaSanJosé,PearlIs(offSCPanama). P.s.panamensisThomas,1900—SWCostaRicathroughmostofPanamaandpossiblyextendingintoNWColombia. P.s.rosaThomas,1900—SWEcuador. P.s. rubellus Hollister, 1914 — C Costa Rica (Angostura Valley, Cartago Province).
Subspecies and Distribution. M.c.coypusMolina,1782—Chilemainland. M.c.bonariensisE.GeoffroySaint-Hilaire,1805—Bolivia,Paraguay,NArgentina,SEBrazil,andUruguay. M.c.melanopsOsgood,1943—ChiloéI(CChile). M. c. santacruzae Hollister, 1914 — Argentina, from the Chaco S to Patagonia. Introduced widely into N South America, S North America, Europe, Central Asia, and East Africa. in Echimyidae
Subspecies and Distribution. M.c.coypusMolina,1782—Chilemainland. M.c.bonariensisE.GeoffroySaint-Hilaire,1805—Bolivia,Paraguay,NArgentina,SEBrazil,andUruguay. M.c.melanopsOsgood,1943—ChiloéI(CChile). M. c. santacruzae Hollister, 1914 — Argentina, from the Chaco S to Patagonia. Introduced widely into N South America, S North America, Europe, Central Asia, and East Africa.
Subspecies and Distribution. P.g.guairaeThomas,1901—N&CVenezuela,inCordilleraCentral,EAndeanfoothills,andWLosLlanos. P.g.ochraceusOsgood,1912—NEColombiaandNWVenezuela,inNEMaracaiboLakeandSistemaCoriano. P.g. poliopus Osgood, 1914 — NE Colombia and W Venezuela, in W & S Maracaibo Lake, W Andean foothills, and the upper Los Llanos. in Echimyidae
Subspecies and Distribution. P.g.guairaeThomas,1901—N&CVenezuela,inCordilleraCentral,EAndeanfoothills,andWLosLlanos. P.g.ochraceusOsgood,1912—NEColombiaandNWVenezuela,inNEMaracaiboLakeandSistemaCoriano. P.g. poliopus Osgood, 1914 — NE Colombia and W Venezuela, in W & S Maracaibo Lake, W Andean foothills, and the upper Los Llanos.
Subspecies and Distribution. S.a.apellaLinnaeus,1758—forestsoftheAmazonBasininECColombia,SVenezuela,andBrazil,extendingNtotheSpartoftheOrinocoDeltainVenezuelaandtheGuianas;limitsintheS,SE,andEaredefinedbytheextentoftheAmazonforest,intheEextendingintotheZonadosCocais(babassupalm,Orbignyaphalerata,forest)intheSandEofMaranhaoStatethatmarksthetransitionzonetoxericdeciduousforestandscrubofthecaatinga;intheW,thedistributionallimitsarepoorlyknown,butdefinedroughlybytheinterfluviumoftheriosNegroandSolimoesandtheRioMadeiraBasin. S. a. margaritae Hollister, 1914 — highlands of E Margarita I, Venezuela (Serrania de El Copey and the Cerros El Tamoco, Tragaplata, La Yalla, and Matasiete). in Cebidae
Subspecies and Distribution. S.a.apellaLinnaeus,1758—forestsoftheAmazonBasininECColombia,SVenezuela,andBrazil,extendingNtotheSpartoftheOrinocoDeltainVenezuelaandtheGuianas;limitsintheS,SE,andEaredefinedbytheextentoftheAmazonforest,intheEextendingintotheZonadosCocais(babassupalm,Orbignyaphalerata,forest)intheSandEofMaranhaoStatethatmarksthetransitionzonetoxericdeciduousforestandscrubofthecaatinga;intheW,thedistributionallimitsarepoorlyknown,butdefinedroughlybytheinterfluviumoftheriosNegroandSolimoesandtheRioMadeiraBasin. S. a. margaritae Hollister, 1914 — highlands of E Margarita I, Venezuela (Serrania de El Copey and the Cerros El Tamoco, Tragaplata, La Yalla, and Matasiete).
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.