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34,778 results for “diseases”
Mysterious microsporidians: springtime outbreaks of disease in Daphnia communities in shallow pond ecosystems
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Host-pathogen interactions under pressure: a review and meta-analysis of stress-mediated effects on disease dynamics
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Data and source code for: ClinVar and HGMD genomic variant classification accuracy has improved over time, as measured by implied disease burden
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Gut microbiome of multiple sclerosis patients and paired household healthy controls reveal associations with disease risk and course
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Longitudinal analysis of the microbiome and metabolome in the 5xfAD mouse model of Alzheimer's disease
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Data From: Effects of disease on foraging behaviour and success in an individual free-ranging northern elephant seal
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Edge effects, not connectivity, determine the incidence and development of a foliar fungal plant disease
Using a model plant-pathogen system in a large-scale habitat corridor experiment, we found that corridors do not facilitate the movement of wind-dispersed plant pathogens, that connectivity of patches does not enhance levels of foliar fungal plant disease, and that edge effects are the key drivers of plant disease dynamics. Increased spread of infectious disease is often cited as a potential negative effect of habitat corridors used in conservation, but the impacts of corridors on pathogen movement have never been tested empirically. Using sweet corn (Zea mays) and southern corn leaf blight (Cochliobolus heterostrophus) as a model plant-pathogen system, we tested the impacts of connectivity and habitat fragmentation on pathogen movement and disease development at the Savannah River Site, South Carolina, USA. Over time, less edgy patches had higher proportions of diseased plants, and distance of host plants to habitat edges was the greatest determinant of disease development. Variation in average daytime temperatures provided a possible mechanism for these disease patterns. Our results show that worries over the potentially harmful effects of conservation corridors on disease dynamics are misplaced, and that, in a conservation context, many diseases can be better managed by mitigating edge effects.
Effects of stem canker disease on N fixation inputs by Alnus tenuifolia to early-successional floodplains in interior and south-central Alaska. I. Nitrogen fixation rates, leaf chemistry and soil chemistry.
This dataset contains data on nitrogen fixation rates, leaf chemistry, soil temperature and moisture, and soil chemistry on trees selected for studying disease-mediated declines in N-fixation inputs by Alnus tenuifolia to early-successional floodplains in interior and south-central Alaska
Effects of stem canker disease on N fixation inputs by Alnus tenuifolia to early-successional floodplains in interior and south-central Alaska. II. Nodule biomass and incidence of canker for individual genets.
This dataset contains nodule biomass and incidence of canker infection for individual genets of Alnus tenuifolia as part of a project studying disease-mediated declines in N-fixation inputs by Alnus tenuifolia to early-successional floodplains in interior and south-central Alaska
A Wikipedia dataset of Ebola disease related articles
<p>A subset of articles extracted from the French Wikipedia (on 28/04/2019). Data published here include articles related to Ebola and some tropical related diseases. Each article is a UTF8 plain text.</p>
Database of mechanism of action paths for selected drug-disease indications
<p>Mechanistic paths that lead from drug to disease in a heterogeneous network.</p> <p>Version 1.1.0 includes a new tab `metapaths_biolink` where the majority of node and edge types have been mapped to entities and relationship slots in the <a href="https://biolink.github.io/biolink-model/">biolink model.</a> Concepts unable to be mapped at this time are represented in ALL CAPS.</p> <p>JSON version of the paths available <a href="https://github.com/SuLab/indication_moa_db/tree/1.0">on GitHub</a></p>
Raw data related to: Randomised Clinical Trial: Calorie Restriction Regimen with Tomato Juice Supplementation Ameliorates Oxidative Stress and Preserves a Proper Immune Surveillance Modulating Mitochondrial Bioenergetics of T-Lymphocytes in Obese Children Affected by Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)
<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p> <p>Fatty liver disease is a serious complication of childhood obesity. Calorie-restricted regimen (RCR) is one of the e ective therapy for this condition. Aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of lycopene-rich tomato sauce with oregano and basil extracts in obese children with fatty liver on RCR. 61 obese children with fatty liver were enrolled, 52 completed the study. A randomized cross over clinical trial was performed. Participants were assigned to RCR alone or with a supplement of lycopene-rich tomato juice for 60 days; subsequently, the groups were switched to the alternative regimen for the next 60 days. Reduction in BMI, HOMA-IR, cholesterol, triglycerides, liver size, and steatosis was more profound in tomato-supplemented group. Leptin decreased in both groups whereas adiponectin raised only after tomato supplementation. RCR is associated with the impaired engagement of T-cells glycolysis and proliferation, tomato-supplementation resulted in glycolytic metabolic activation of T-cells. Tomato juice ameliorates glucose and lipid metabolism in obese children, improve oxidative and inflammatory state and modulates the mitochondrial metabolism of T-cells contributing to a maintenance of a proper immune surveillance in children, impaired by RCR. The addition of tomato to RCR could be considered a protective and preventive support to obese child.</p> <p><strong>Progetto giovani ricercatori </strong>[GR-2016-02363725] dal titolo: "Immune Tolerance, Metabolism and Multiple Sclerosis: Novel Molecular Tools to Monitor Disease Pathogenesis and Progression"</p>
Raw data to "Blunting neuroinflammation with resolvin D1 prevents early pathology in a rat model of Parkinson's disease"
<p>Background: In vivo treatment of animals with anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) could be counteracted by their limited in vivo bioavailability due to their unstable nature as lipids that can undergo oxidation or enzymatic degradation.</p> <p>Results: Thus, we performed a time course of RvD1 plasma levels over 36 hours after an initial intraperitonael injection of this lipid mediator at a concentration of 200 ng/animal. After a single injection the plasma concentration of RvD1 peaked at 1h (~360 pg/ml), stayed almost constant at 3h(~360 pg/ml), halved its levels after 6h (~180 pg/ml) and slowly returned close to the baseline after 36h (~30 pg/ml). These results indicate that RvD1 is rapidly distributed into the bloodstream and eliminated from the vascular compartment due to metabolism and/or diffusion into the blood–brain barrier.</p> <p>Conclusions: These findings are important to define route and timing of in vivo administration of SPMs in order to maintain sufficient levels to sustain biological activities both in the periphery and within the central nervous system.</p>
PROCEEDİNGS OF THE FIRST INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC PRACTICAL CONFERENCE GENETIC DISEASES CONSEQUENCES AND TREATMENT: PROBLEMS AND DEVELOPMENT PERSPECTIVES
<p>Urology, </p> <p>Gynecology,<a href="https://www.google.az/search?client=opera&hs=nH2&sxsrf=ACYBGNT6NibSmqWL9NSPmT-FKHug_-acgQ:1574232206917&q=urology,+gynecology,+therapy,+oncology,&spell=1&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwi3wuv7l_jlAhWpxcQBHTWODo8QkeECKAB6BAgMECg"> </a></p> <p>Therapy,</p> <p>Oncology,</p> <p>Clinical Medicine</p> <p>Prophylactic Medicine</p> <p>Theoretical Medicine</p> <p>Biophysics and Biochemistry</p> <p>Radiology and Microbiology</p> <p>Molecular Biology and Genetics</p> <p>Microbiology and Hydrobiology</p> <p>Virology and Immunology</p> <p>Entomology</p>
ekoraytascilar/naturecommunicationscovid: Data and analysis code to accompany "Patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases receiving cytokine inhibitors have low prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 seroconversion"
<p>This release contains raw datasets and analysis code for the research paper titled "Patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases receiving cytokine inhibitors have low prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 seroconversion"</p>
Spatial and Temporal Clustering of Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane Disease
<p><strong>Background and objectives</strong> An environmental trigger has been proposed as an inciting factor in the development of anti-GBM disease. This multicenter, observational study sought to define the national incidence of anti-GBM disease during an 11-year period (2003–2014) in Ireland, investigate clustering of cases in time and space, and assess the effect of spatial variability in incidence on outcome.</p> <p><strong>Design, setting, participants, & measurements</strong> We ascertained cases by screening immunology laboratories for instances of positivity for anti-GBM antibody and the national renal histopathology registry for biopsy-proven cases. The population at risk was defined from national census data. We used a variable-window scan statistic to detect temporal clustering. A Bayesian spatial model was used to calculate standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) for each of the 26 counties.</p> <p><strong>Results</strong> Seventy-nine cases were included. National incidence was 1.64 (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.82 to 3.35) per million population per year. A temporal cluster (<em>n</em>=10) was identified during a 3-month period; six cases were resident in four rural counties in the southeast. Spatial analysis revealed wide regional variation in SIRs and a cluster (<em>n</em>=7) in the northwest (SIR, 1.71; 95% CI, 1.02 to 3.06). There were 29 deaths and 57 cases of ESRD during a mean follow-up of 2.9 years. Greater distance from diagnosis site to treating center, stratified by median distance traveled, did not significantly affect patient (hazard ratio, 1.80; 95% CI, 0.87 to 3.77) or renal (hazard ratio, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.40 to 1.13) survival.</p> <p><strong>Conclusions</strong> To our knowledge, this is the first study to report national incidence rates of anti-GBM disease and formally investigate patterns of incidence. Clustering of cases in time and space supports the hypothesis of an environmental trigger for disease onset. The substantial variability in regional incidence highlights the need for comprehensive country-wide studies to improve our understanding of the etiology of anti-GBM disease.</p>
Alzheimer's Disease versus Bipolar Disorder versus Health Control MRI data and processed results
<p><strong>README</strong></p> <p>The data is structured as follows:</p> <p>Clinical_data folder contains the .csv that can be read by spreadsheet software, as well as from Python, Matlab or R. There are separate files for each biomarker. The file "clinical_data_id_age_gender.csv" contains the numerical random key of the patient for anonymity, diagnostic key, age and gender for each entry in the other files. The file "clinical_data_corrected.csv" can be ignored.</p> <p>Diagnostic keywords: "crl" == healthy control, "tb" == bipolar disorder, "ea" == Alheimer's disease</p> <p>Imaging data is nifti encoded. The name of the file starts with the diagnostic key followed by the numerical random key and some nemotechnic for the contents. For instance: "crl_132_diff_dti_FA_FA_to_target.nii.gz" is the spatially normalized FA data of healthy control 132. Imaging data can be read with FSL, SPM, and any other nifti reading soft.</p> <p>Imaging folders contain the following data<br> DWI_origin - > the original diffusion weighted MRI data and their corresponding b-vector values</p> <p>FA - > the FA coefficients computed using FSL</p> <p>FA_to_target - > the FA volumes registered to MNI template using FSL tools</p> <p>T1_preprocessed - > the T1-weighted volumes at 1mm resolution registered to the MNI template using FSL no-linear registration tools</p> <p>T1_VBM_SPM_1mm - > the results of applying SPM implementation of voxel based morphometry (VBM) on the T1-weighted data, including results of the correlation between biomarkers and the detected clusters . Results can be checked using SPM (https://www.fil.ion.ucl.ac.uk/spm/)</p> <p>TBSS_results -> contains track based spatial statistics (TBSS) results obtained with FSL software (https://fsl.fmrib.ox.ac.uk/fsl/fslwiki/TBSS)</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Publications using this dataset</strong></p> <p>M. Graña, M. Termenon, A. Savio, A. Gonzalez-Pinto, J. Echeveste, J. M. Pérez, A. Besga, Computer Aided Diagnosis system for Alzheimer Disease using brain Diffusion Tensor Imaging features selected by Pearson’s correlation, Neuroscience letters,Volume 502, Issue 3, 20 September 2011, Pages 225-229</p> <p>A. Besga, M. Termenon, M. Graña, J. Echeveste, J. M. Perez, A. Gonzalez-Pinto "Discovering Alzheimer's disease and bipolar disorder white matter effects building computer aided diagnostic systems on brain diffusion tensor imaging features, <strong>Neuroscience Letters</strong>, Volume 520, Issue 1, 27 June 2012, Pages 71–76.</p> <p>M. Termenon, M. Graña, A. Besga, J. Echeveste, A. Gonzalez-Pinto, Lattice Independent Component Analysis feature selection on Diffusion Weighted Imaging for Alzheimer’s Disease Classification, Neurocomputing (2013) Volume 114, 19 August 2013, Pages 132–141</p> <p>Ariadna Besga, Itxaso González-Ortega, Enrique Echeburúa, Alexandre Savio, Borja Ayerdi, Darya Chyzhyk, Jose LM Madrigal, Juan C. Leza, Manuel Graña, Ana González-Pinto, "Discrimination between Alzheimer’s Disease and Late Onset Bipolar Disorder using multivariate analysis" Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, 7:231</p> <p>Ariadna Besga-Basterra, Darya Chyzhyk, Itxaso González-Ortega, Alexandre Savio, Borja Ayerdi, Jon Echeveste, Manuel Graña, Ana González-Pinto, Eigenanatomy on fractional anisotropy imaging provides white matter anatomical features discriminating between Alzheimer’s Disease and Late Onset Bipolar Disorder, Current Alzheimer Research, 13(5): 557 - 565 (2016)</p> <p>Ariadna Besga, Darya Chyzhyk, Itxaso Gonzalez Ortega, Jon Echeveste, Marina Grana-Lecuona, Manuel Grana, Ana González-Pinto, White Matter Tract Integrity in Alzheimer’s Disease versus Late Onset Bipolar Disorder and its Correlation with Systemic Inflammation and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers, Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, 9:179 (2017)</p>
The effect of parasite dose on disease severity in the rodent malaria Plasmodium chabaudi
<p>Experiments were designed to look at the relationship between infective dose and disease severity using two clones of <em>Plasmodium chabaudi</em> that differ in virulence. We asked whether there were dose–severity relationships, whether clone differences in virulence were maintained over a range of doses, and whether disease severity could be accounted for by parasite dynamics. Groups of mice were infected with parasite doses differing by an order of magnitude, ranging from 100 to 1×10<sup><sup>8</sup></sup> parasites. Infective dose affected the probability of death, but only with the more virulent clone. Dose also affected morbidity. For both clones, higher doses induced greater anaemia. Larger doses caused greater weight loss, but only for infections with the more virulent clone. Here, for a given dose, mice lost a fixed amount of weight, irrespective of their initial weight. Larger doses induced earlier mortality and morbidity than did lower dose treatments. Finally, dose affected parasite dynamics, with earlier and higher peak parasite densities in larger dose infections. All these effects were small relative to clone differences in disease severity, which were apparent across the range of doses. Dose effects were manifested through the timing and/or magnitude of peak parasite densities, broadly supporting the idea that dose affects disease severity by altering the time the host has to control parasite densities and ameliorate the effects of parasites. We discuss the possible efficacy of intervention strategies aimed at reducing human disease severity by reducing infective parasite dose.</p>
Data from: A natural gene drive system influences bovine tuberculosis susceptibility in African buffalo: possible implications for disease management
Bovine tuberculosis (BTB) is endemic to the African buffalo (Syncerus caffer) of Hluhluwe-iMfolozi Park (HiP) and Kruger National Park, South Africa. In HiP, the disease has been actively managed since 1999 through a test-and-cull procedure targeting BTB-positive buffalo. Prior studies in Kruger showed associations between microsatellite alleles, BTB and body condition. A sex chromosomal meiotic drive, a form of natural gene drive, was hypothesized to be ultimately responsible. These associations indicate high-frequency occurrence of two types of male-deleterious alleles (or multiple-allele haplotypes). One type negatively affects body condition and BTB resistance in both sexes. The other type has sexually antagonistic effects: negative in males but positive in females. Here, we investigate whether a similar gene drive system is present in HiP buffalo, using 17 autosomal microsatellites and microsatellite-derived Y-chromosomal haplotypes from 401 individuals, culled in 2002-2004. We show that the association between autosomal microsatellite alleles and BTB susceptibility detected in Kruger, is also present in HiP. Further, Y-haplotype frequency dynamics indicated that a sex chromosomal meiotic drive also occurred in HiP. BTB was associated with negative selection of male-deleterious alleles in HiP, unlike positive selection in Kruger. Birth sex ratios were female-biased. We attribute negative selection and female-biased sex ratios in HiP to the absence of a Y-chromosomal sex-ratio distorter. This distorter has been hypothesized to contribute to positive selection of male-deleterious alleles and male-biased birth sex ratios in Kruger. As previously shown in Kruger, microsatellite alleles were only associated with male-deleterious effects in individuals born after wet pre-birth years; a phenomenon attributed to epigenetic modification. We identified two additional allele types: male-specific deleterious and beneficial alleles, with no discernible effect on females. Finally, we discuss how our findings may be used for breeding disease-free buffalo and implementing BTB test-and-cull programs.
Diagnosis of prion diseases by RT-QuIC results in improved surveillance
<p><span><u>Objective:</u> We present the National Prion Disease Pathology Surveillance Center's (NPDPSC) experience using cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) real time quaking induced conversion (RT-QuIC) as a diagnostic test, examine factors associated with false negative RT-QuIC results, and investigate RT-QuIC's impact on prion disease surveillance. </span></p> <p> </p> <p><span><u>Methods:</u> Between May 2015-April 2018, the NPDPSC received 10,498 CSF specimens that were included in the study. Sensitivity and specificity analyses were performed using 567 autopsy verified cases. Prion disease type, demographic characteristics, specimen color, and time variables were examined for association with RT-QuIC results. The effect of including positive RT-QuIC cases in prion disease surveillance was examined.</span></p> <p> </p> <p><span><u>Results:</u> The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of RT-QuIC across all prion diseases was 90.3% and 98.5%, respectively. Diagnostic sensitivity was lower for fatal familial insomnia, Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker disease, sporadic fatal insomnia, variably protease sensitive prionopathy, and the VV1 and MM2 subtypes of sCJD. Individuals with prion disease and negative RT-QuIC results were younger, had elevated tau levels, and non-elevated 14-3-3 levels compared to RT-QuIC positive cases. Sensitivity was high throughout the disease course. Some cases that initially tested RT-QuIC negative had a subsequent specimen test positive. Including positive RT-QuIC cases in surveillance statistics increased laboratory-based case ascertainment of prion disease by 90% over autopsy alone. </span></p> <p> </p> <p><span><u>Conclusions:</u> RT-QuIC has high sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing prion diseases. Sensitivity limitations are associated with prion disease type, age, and related CSF diagnostic results. RT-QuIC greatly improves laboratory-based prion disease ascertainment for surveillance purposes. </span></p> <p> </p> <p><span><u>Classification of Evidence:</u> This study provides Class III evidence that 2<sup>nd</sup> generation real time quaking-induced conversion (RT-QuIC) identifies prion disease with sensitivity of 90.3% and specificity of 98.5%, among patients being screened for these diseases due to concerning symptoms. </span></p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.