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FIGURE 22. Leptus eyes comparison. A in Multi-instar descriptions of cave dwelling Erythraeidae (Trombidiformes: Parasitengona) employing an integrative approach
FIGURE 22. Leptus eyes comparison. A: Leptus sidorchukae sp. nov. male, arrow heads indicating the eyes. B: Leptus sp. male UFMG-AC 1300406, arrow heads pointing the eyes. Scale: 200 µm.
PLATE VIII. Outgroup taxa and Phrynocephalus mimicry adaptations. (A) Laudakia caucasia; (B) habitat of A, Big Balkan Mountains, Turkmenistan; (C) Trapelus sanguinolentus; (D) habitat of C, Repetek, Karakum Desert, Turkmenistan; (E) P. turcomanus illustrating false large head with eyes on body-back; and (F) P. mystaceus illustrating false enlarged mouth with red capillary-beds. in A molecular phylogenetic hypothesis for the Asian agamid lizard genus Phrynocephalus reveals discrete biogeographic clades implicated by plate tectonics
PLATE VIII. Outgroup taxa and Phrynocephalus mimicry adaptations. (A) Laudakia caucasia; (B) habitat of A, Big Balkan Mountains, Turkmenistan; (C) Trapelus sanguinolentus; (D) habitat of C, Repetek, Karakum Desert, Turkmenistan; (E) P. turcomanus illustrating false large head with eyes on body-back; and (F) P. mystaceus illustrating false enlarged mouth with red capillary-beds.
Dateset The "blue eyed" in our school – overcoming stereotypes as the pathway to creating better conditions for pupil development in the school class - control group and equal socioeconomic status groups
<p>Dateset The “blue eyed” in our school – overcoming stereotypes as the pathway to creating better conditions for pupil development in the school class - control group and equal socioeconomic status groups</p>
Autism Detection Based on Eye Movement Sequences on the Web: A Scanpath Trend Analysis Approach
<p>We propose a novel approach to detect autism based on the eye-movement paths of users on the Web. This approach based on Scanpath Trend Analysis (STA) proposed by Eraslan et al. (2016, 2017). This dataset is created to provide supplementary data for our paper entitled "Autism Detection Based on Eye Movement Sequences on the Web: A Scanpath Trend Analysis Approach" presented at <a href="http://www.w4a.info/2020/">the 17th International Web for All Conference (W4A'20)</a>. This dataset includes all the individual paths used for the evaluation of our proposed approach. The dataset also includes the Python code to re-run the evaluation.</p> <p><strong>References:</strong></p> <ul> <li>Sukru Eraslan, Yeliz Yesilada, and Simon Harper. 2016. Scanpath Trend Analysis on Web Pages: Clustering Eye Tracking Scanpaths. ACM Transactions on the Web, (SCI-E), 10, 4, Article 20.</li> <li>Sukru Eraslan, Yeliz Yesilada, and Simon Harper. 2017. Engineering web-based interactive systems: trend analysis in eye tracking scanpaths with a tolerance. In Proceedings of the ACM SIGCHI Symposium on Engineering Interactive Computing Systems (EICS '17). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 3-8.</li> </ul>
FIGURE 4 in A review of the African snake-eyed skinks (Scincidae: Panaspis) from Angola, with the description of a new species
FIGURE 4—Illustration of the head of the holotype of Lygosoma (Leilopisma) auricillatum Chabanaud, 1917. Adapted from Chabanaud (1917).
FIGURE 5 in A review of the African snake-eyed skinks (Scincidae: Panaspis) from Angola, with the description of a new species
FIGURE 5—Specimen of Panaspis aff. breviceps from Roça Canzele, Angola (FMNH 74297). Photo by Joshua Mata.
FIGURE 8 in A review of the African snake-eyed skinks (Scincidae: Panaspis) from Angola, with the description of a new species
FIGURE 8—Preserved specimen of Panaspis cabindae from Capangombe, Namibe Province, Angola (CAS 264244). Photo by Luis M. P. Ceríaco.
FIGURE 3 in A new species of African Snake-Eyed Skink (Scincidae: Panaspis) from Ethiopia
FIGURE 3. Geographic context of Ethiopian Panaspis. The red star is the type locality of P. anettesabinae, the red circles are literature reports of potential conspecific localities based on photographs in life (Largen and Spawls 2010), the green dot is the type locality of P. tancredi, the blue dot is the recently discovered and undescribed P. sp. nov. reported here, and the grey dots are museum specimens or literature reports of indeterminate specific assignment (see Largen and Spawls 2006, 2010).
FIGURE 2 in A new species of African Snake-Eyed Skink (Scincidae: Panaspis) from Ethiopia
FIGURE 2. Photographs (dorsal and ventral view) of the holotype of Panaspis annettesabinae (TJC264, ZMNH H2019,2176) in preservative. Photos by TJC.
FIGURE 4 in A new species of African Snake-Eyed Skink (Scincidae: Panaspis) from Ethiopia
FIGURE 4. Habitat of Panaspis annettesabinae at the type locality. The holotype was collected under a tarp in basecamp (above) while Trachylepis maculilabis and T. striata were the only skink species captured in nearby pitfall traps (below) Photos by TJC.
An eye for a tooth: Thylacosmilus was not a marsupial "saber-tooth predator"
<p>Digital files and finite element models used in publication.</p>
Data from: The evolution of eye size in response to increased fish predation in Daphnia
Variation in eye size is ubiquitous across taxa. Increased eye size is correlated with improved vision and increased fitness via shifts in behavior. Tests of the drivers of eye size evolution have focused on macroevolutionary studies evaluating the importance of light availability. Predator-induced mortality has recently been identified as a potential driver of eye size variation. Here we tested the influence of increased predation by the fish predator, the alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) on eye size evolution in waterfleas (Daphnia ambigua) from lakes in Connecticut. We quantified the relative eye size of Daphnia from lakes with and without alewife using wild-caught and third generation laboratory reared specimens. This includes comparisons between lakes where alewife are present seasonally (anadromous) or permanently (landlocked). Wild-caught specimens did not differ in eye size across all lakes. However, third generation lab reared Daphnia from lakes with alewife, irrespective of the form of alewife predation, exhibited significantly larger eyes than Daphnia from lakes without alewife. This genetically based increase in eye size may enhance the ability of Daphnia to detect predators. Alternatively, such shifts in eye size may be an indirect response to Daphnia aggregating at the bottom of lakes. To test these mechanisms, we collected Daphnia as a function of depth and found that eye size differed in Daphnia found at the surface versus the bottom of the water column between anadromous alewife and no alewife lakes. However, we found no evidence of Daphnia aggregating at the bottom of lakes. Such results indicate that the evolution of a larger eye may be explained by a connection between eyes and enhanced survival. We discuss the cause of the lack of concordance in eye size variation between our phenotypic and genetic specimens and the ultimate drivers of eye size.
Data from: Surf and Turf Vision: Patterns and predictors of visual acuity in compound eye evolution
<p><span><span>Eyes have the flexibility to evolve to meet the ecological demands of their users.</span><b><span> </span></b><span>Relative to camera-type eyes, the fundamental limits of optical diffraction in arthropod compound eyes restricts the ability to resolve fine detail (visual acuity) to much lower degrees. We tested the capacity of several ecological factors to predict arthropod visual acuity, while simultaneously controlling for shared phylogenetic history. In this study, we have generated the most comprehensive review of compound eye visual acuity measurements to date, containing </span></span><span><span>375 </span></span><span><span>species that span six of the major arthropod classes. An arthropod phylogeny, made custom to this database, was used to develop a phylogenetically-corrected generalized least squares (PGLS) linear model to evaluate four ecological factors predicted to underlie compound eye visual acuity: environmental light intensity, foraging strategy (predator vs. non-predator), horizontal structure of the visual scene, and environmental medium (air vs. water). To account for optical constraints on acuity related to animal size, body length was also included, though this did not show a significant effect in any of our models. Rather, the PGLS revealed that the strongest predictors of compound eye acuity are described by a combination of environmental medium, foraging strategy, and environmental light intensity.</span></span></p>
More than meets the eye: syntopic and morphologically similar mangrove killifish species show different mating systems and patterns of genetic structure along the Brazilian coast
<p><a name="_Hlk40344892">Different mating systems can strongly affect the extent of genetic diversity and population structure among species. Given the increased effects of genetic drift on reduced population size, theory predicts that species undergoing self-fertilization should have greater population structure than outcrossed species, however demographic dynamics may affect this scenario. </a>The mangrove killifish clade is composed of the two only known examples of self-fertilising species among vertebrates (<i>Kryptolebias marmoratus </i>and <i>K</i>. <i>hermaphroditus</i>). A third species in this clade, <i>K. ocellatus, </i>inhabits mangrove forests in southeast Brazil, however its mating system and patterns of genetic structure have been rarely explored. Here, we examined the genetic structure and phylogeographic patterns of <i>K</i>. <i>ocellatus</i> along its distribution, using mitochondrial DNA and microsatellites to compare its patterns of genetic structure with the predominantly selfing and often syntopic, <i>K</i>. <i>hermaphroditus.</i> Our results indicate that <i>K</i>. <i>ocellatus</i> reproduces mainly by outcrossing across much of its known range, with no current evidence of selfing, despite being an androdioecious species. Our results also reveal a stronger population subdivision in <i>K</i>. <i>ocellatus </i>compared to <i>K</i>. <i>hermaphroditus</i>, contrary to the theoretical predictions based on reproductive biology of the two species. Our findings indicate that, although morphologically similar, <i>K</i>. <i>ocellatus </i>and <i>K</i>. <i>hermaphroditus</i> had remarkably different evolutionary histories when colonising the same mangrove areas in south-eastern Brazil, with other factors (e. g. time of colonisation, dispersal/establishment capacity) having more profound effects on the current population structuring of those species than differences in mating systems.</p>
FIGURE 26 in Systematics of big-eyed bats, genus Chiroderma Peters, 1860 (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae)
FIGURE 26. Skull and mandible, in lateral view, of A) Chiroderma trinitatum (USNM 581934—Perú, Amazonas) and B) C. gorgasi (USNM 335294—Panamá, San Blas).
FIGURE 25 in Systematics of big-eyed bats, genus Chiroderma Peters, 1860 (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae)
FIGURE 25. Dorsal (A) and ventral (C) views of the skull of Chiroderma trinitatum (USNM 581934—Perú, Amazonas) and dorsal (B) and ventral (D) view of C. gorgasi (USNM 335294—Panamá, San Blas).
FIGURE 17 in Systematics of big-eyed bats, genus Chiroderma Peters, 1860 (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae)
FIGURE 17. Lateral view of part of the right dentary of A) Chiroderma salvini (LSUMZ 25649—Panamá, Darién) and B) C. scopaeum (USNM 511378—México, Nayarit). The lower left canine was removed from the image.
FIGURE 29 in Systematics of big-eyed bats, genus Chiroderma Peters, 1860 (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae)
FIGURE 29. Dorsal (A) and ventral (C) views of the skull of Chiroderma improvisum (TTU 31403—Montserrat) and dorsal (B) and ventral (D) views of C. villosum (USNM 520557—Panamá).
FIGURE S6. Dice-Leeras diagrams showing 95 in Systematics of big-eyed bats, genus Chiroderma Peters, 1860 (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae)
FIGURE S6. Dice-Leeras diagrams showing 95% of the confidence interval of the first component (PC1) from an analysis of 13 cranio-dental measurements of male and female Chiroderma villosum from three distinct regions. M = male; F = female.
FIGURE S5. Dice-Leeras diagrams showing 95 in Systematics of big-eyed bats, genus Chiroderma Peters, 1860 (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae)
FIGURE S5. Dice-Leeras diagrams showing 95% of the confidence interval of the first component (PC1) from an analysis of 13 cranio-dental measurements of male and female Chiroderma (C. salvini, C. scopaeum, C. trinitatum, C. gorgasi and C. d. doriae) from the same area. M = male; F = female.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.