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FIGURE 4 in Impacts on fisheries assessed by local ecological knowledge in a reservoir cascade in the lower São Francisco River, northeastern Brazil

FIGURE 4 | Non-Metric Multidimensional Scaling (NMDS) analysis concerning impacts over the ichthyofauna in the four sampled areas on the Sub-Middle and Lower São Francisco.

FIGURE 3 in Impacts on fisheries assessed by local ecological knowledge in a reservoir cascade in the lower São Francisco River, northeastern Brazil

FIGURE 3 | List of main impacts mentioned in A. Area 1, B. Area 2, C. Area 3, and D. Area 4, according to fishers from the final portion of the Sub-Middle and Lower São Francisco. Dam: dams; Mac: macrophytes; Aqu: aquaculture; Pol: pollution; Ovf: overfishing; Abr: absence of rain; Def: deforestation; Sil: silting; Salt: salinity.

FIGURE 2 in Impacts on fisheries assessed by local ecological knowledge in a reservoir cascade in the lower São Francisco River, northeastern Brazil

FIGURE 2 | Frequency (A) and Word Cloud (B) analyses regarding the impacts over the ichthyofauna, according to fishers from the four sampled areas on the Sub-Middle and on Lower São Francisco. a. Dam; b. Macrophytes; c. Pollution; d. Overfishing; e. Absence of rain; f. Aquaculture; g. Deforestation; h. Silting; i. Water transfer; j. Non-native species; k. Irrigation; l. Pesticide; m. Salinization.

FIGURE 1 in Impacts on fisheries assessed by local ecological knowledge in a reservoir cascade in the lower São Francisco River, northeastern Brazil

FIGURE 1 | Fishers' communities on the four areas visited on the Sub-Middle and on Lower São Francisco, Northeastern Brazil. PE = Pernambuco State; BA = Bahia State; AL = Alagoas State; SE = Sergipe State.

Deliverable 2.4: Biodiversity impact database including characterization factors and documentation ready for use in Module C

We quantify the impacts of agriculture and livestock, on biodiversity (including intensity of use), and translate the results of these modeling efforts which indicate current patterns of biodiversity indicators in both South America and Africa (as well as potential biodiversity loss) to data inputs to be further used in CLEVER.

Data from: Asynchronous life histories generate uneven arms races and impact the maintenance of mutualisms

Mutualisms constitute a diverse class of ecologically important interactions, yet their ecological and evolutionary stability remain topics of debate in coevolutionary theory. Recent theoretical and empirical work has suggested that coevolutionary arms races may be involved in the maintenance of mutualistic interactions, sustaining mutually beneficial outcomes for interacting species while producing exaggerated traits. Here we present an individual-based model that evaluates how asynchronous life histories – i.e., partners with different average lifespans – change the dynamics of trait coevolution, the expected fitness outcomes for species involved, and the dynamics of selection differentials across time for each species. Results indicate that a longer-lived mutualist will consistently 'lose' an otherwise balanced coevolutionary arms race, being outpaced in both the mean trait value and fitness outcome compared to a shorter-lived partner. Furthermore, linear selection differentials on mutualistic traits become increasingly divergent as life histories become increasingly asynchronous, with the longer-lived species experiencing persistent directional selection and the shorter-lived species experiencing weaker, more inconsistent selection. These results suggest that asynchronous life histories can complicate the maintenance of mutualistic interactions via coevolutionary arms-races and that detecting coevolution via selection differentials may be difficult when life histories are sufficiently divergent.

Evaluating the Prevalence and Impact of Chronic Ankle Insta-bility in Collegiate Athletes across Various Sports: A Cross-Sectional Study.

In the cross-sectional study "Evaluating the Prevalence and Impact of Chronic Ankle Instability in Collegiate Athletes across Various Sports," researchers sought to quantify how widespread chronic ankle instability (CAI) is among collegiate athletes and to determine its effects on athletic performance and training. The study involved 385 athletes from diverse sports, including basketball, soccer, track and field, swimming, and other sports, and revealed that CAI was present in nearly half of the participants. The investigation highlighted significant disparities in prevalence rates among different sports, with basketball and soccer athletes exhibiting higher rates of CAI. Furthermore, the study assessed the impact of CAI on several performance metrics such as training intensity, performance scores, and recovery times, finding that athletes with CAI generally showed lower performance levels and longer recovery times. These results emphasize the need for targeted preventive and rehabilitative strategies to mitigate the effects of CAI and support athlete health and performance.

Data for "Re-weighing the 5% tagging recommendation: assessing the potential impacts of tags on the behavior and body condition of bats"

Database as tab-delimited (.csv) associated with the publication:  Meierhofer M.B., et al. (2024) Re-weighing the 5% tagging recommendation: assessing the potential impacts of tags on the behavior and body condition of bats. Mammal Review. Please refer to the main publication for a detailed description. An explanation of the database is available in the Metadata file uploaded alongside the database. R code to reproduce the analysis pipeline is available on GitHub: https://github.com/melissameierhofer/Meta-5-Rule.git

Data for: Schaub et al., Impact of Organic Compounds on the Stability of Influenza A Virus in deposited 1-µl droplets

Experimental data This folder contains the experimental data to the figures shown in the main manuscript and Supporting Information. Figure 1: inactivation data after 0 and 60 min for 1-μl droplet experiments at various RH in PBS, SLF and nasal mucus (infectivity titer and genomic copy enumeration). Figure 3: inactivation data after 0 and 60 min for 1-μl droplet experiments at 60% RH in SLF derivatives (infectivity titer and genomic copy enumeration). Figure 4: inactivation data after 0 and 60 min for 1-μl droplet experiments at 60% RH in various albumin:NaCl mass ratios (infectivity titer and genomic copy enumeration). Figure 5: inactivation data after 0 and 60 min for 1-μl droplet experiments at 60% RH with various proteins (infectivity titer and genomic copy enumeration). Figure S1: Control in bulk for data from Figure 1 (infectivity titer). Figure S2: Recovery fraction for data from Figure 1 (GC/GC0).    Abbrevations used: GC = Genomic Copies LoQ = Limit of Quantification PFU = Plaque Forming Unit ul = microliter

Differential impacts of land use change on multiple components of common Milkweed (Asclepias syriaca) pollination success

Land-use change is one the greatest threats to biodiversity and is projected to increase in magnitude in the coming years, stressing the importance of better understanding how land-use change may affect vital ecosystem services, such as pollination. Past studies on the impact of land-use change have largely focused on only one aspect of the pollination process (e.g. pollinator composition, pollinator visitation, pollen transfer), potentially misrepresenting the full complexity of land-use effects on pollination services. Evaluating the impacts across multiple components of the pollination process can also help pinpoint the underlying mechanisms driving land-use change effects. This study evaluates how land-use change affects multiple aspects of the pollination process in common milkweed populations, including pollinator community composition, pollinator visitation rate, pollen removal, and pollen deposition. Overall, land-use change altered floral visitor composition, with small bees having a larger presence in developed areas. Insect visitation rate and pollen removal were also higher in more developed areas, perhaps suggesting a positive impact of land-use change. However, pollen deposition did not differ between developed and undeveloped sites. Our findings highlight the complexity evaluating land-use change effects on pollination, as these likely depend on the specific aspect of pollination evaluated and on the of the intensity of disturbance. Our study stresses the importance of evaluating multiple components of the pollination process in order to fully understand overall effects and mechanisms underlying land-use change effects on this vital ecosystem service.

Impact of the 2011 Tohoku earthquake on the species diversity of rocky intertidal sessile assemblages

The impacts of large-scale disturbance events on the species diversity of rocky intertidal sessile assemblages across multiple spatial scales are not well understood. To evaluate the influence of the 2011 Tohoku Earthquake on alpha and beta diversities of rocky intertidal sessile assemblages, we censused sessile assemblages in the mid-shore zone from 2011 to 2019. The census was conducted across 22 study sites on five rocky shores along 30 km of the Sanriku Coast of Japan, which is located 150–160 km north–northwest of the earthquake epicenter. Alpha diversity was measured with three Hill numbers (H0, H1, and H2), which represent the number of equally common species that would exist in a community with the same diversity as the sampled community, with higher values of the subscript indicating more weight placed on abundant species. Beta diversity was measured with two metrics (BDtotal at two spatial scales). Values were compared between the years 2011–2019 and the pre-earthquake period (2003–2010). The results show that the Tohoku Earthquake significantly altered the species diversity of intertidal sessile assemblages across multiple spatial scales. All diversity metrics obtained at multiple spatial scales (i.e., alpha diversities: H0, H1, and H2; beta diversities: BDtotal at the shore and regional scales) decreased immediately after the earthquake and then increased in subsequent years. Two years after the earthquake, H0 recovered to within the range of pre-earthquake values and H1 and H2 became significantly higher than pre-earthquake values. Most metrics of alpha and beta diversities recovered to pre-earthquake levels after several years, but regional BDtotal remained low for a longer period.

Data from: Wildfire smoke impacts the body condition and capture rates of birds in California

Despite the increased frequency with which wildfire smoke now blankets portions of world, the effects of smoke on wildlife, and birds in particular, are largely unknown. We used two decades of banding data from the San Francisco Bay Bird Observatory to investigate how fine particulate matter (PM2.5) – a major component and indicator of wildfire smoke – influenced capture rates and body condition of 21 passerine or near-passerine bird species. Across all study species, we found a negative effect of acute PM2.5 exposure and a positive effect of chronic PM2.5 exposure on avian capture rates. Together, these findings are indicative of decreased bird activity or local site removal during acute periods of wildfire smoke, but increased activity or site colonization under chronic smoke conditions. Importantly, we also observed a negative relationship between chronic PM2.5 exposure and body mass change in individuals with multiple captures per season. Our results indicate that wildfire smoke likely influences the health and behavior of birds, ultimately contributing to a shift in activity and body condition, with differential short-term versus long-term impacts. Although more research is needed on the mechanisms driving these observed changes in bird health and behavior, as well as validation of these relationships in more areas, our results suggest that wildfire smoke is a potentially frequent large-scale environmental stressor to birds that deserves increasing attention and recognition.

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2024View details →

Impacts of centralized control on mixed traffic network performance: A strategic games analysis

This dataset contains the data that were used to assess the proposed framework within the context of the case study in the paper entitled "Impacts of centralized control on mdaixed traffic network per-formance: A strategic games analysis".

An experimental dataset to explore the size ratio impact on an intruder segregating in bedload transport

This repository gathers : <ul> <li>The treated data used in the article "Exploring the size ratio impact on an intruder segregating in bedload transport" from Dedieu B., Rousseau H., Frey P. and Chauchat J. in Physical Review of Fluids (DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.9.104302" target="_blank" rel="noopener">10.1103/PhysRevFluids.9.104302</a>),</li> <li>Some re-computed data from the experiments of <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.7.064305" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Rousseau H. et al.(2022)</a> in csv format,</li> <li>A python3 package codes used to load the data.</li> </ul> Explanations on how to use the codes and how the data are organized can be found in the README.md. Feel free to contact the authors if you need more information or wish to access the raw image data.

Alloy Sustainability Database - Evaluating the Economic, Environmental, and Societal Impacts of High-Entropy Alloys

This database encompasses 18 elements and details over 400 high entropy alloys (HEAs), Ni-based superalloys, and steels, providing an extensive review of their properties and capabilities. To assess the broader implications of these materials, we have developed nine indicators that evaluate their economic, environmental, and human health impacts. Each indicator is meticulously described, including the methods used for their calculation. This data has been compiled with the goal of integrating considerations of societal impact into the alloy design process, thereby promoting the development of materials that are not only innovative but also socially responsible.

Acoustic Emission dataset for impact localization: numerical and experimental case studies

<h1>Acoustic Emission dataset for Defect Detection in Aluminum plates</h1> <h2>Simulated data</h2> <h3>File name: Simulation.zip</h3> Simulated AE signals based on a ray-tracing algorithm taking into consideration reflections with the mechanical boundaries of the medium (reflection up to the 4th order), which corresponds to a 1x1x0.003 m square aluminum plate. Each signal has been created by simulating the propagation between a transmitter (Tx, index from 1 to 40) and a Receiver (Rx, index from 1 to 25), grouped by Tx position and saved as a .mat struct ('data') containing the following fields: <ul> <li>data.Rx = 2 x 25 matrix containing in the first and second row the x and y axis of the Rx position</li> <li>data.Rx = 2 x 25 matrix containing in the first and second row the x and y axis of the Tx position</li> <li>data.data = 8000 x 25 matrix containing the transmitted, propagated AE signal from Tx to Rx organized by column. Each AE instance constitutes of 8000 samples acquired at a sampling frequency of 2 MHz (indicated in the file name), one for each Rx given that Tx position.</li> <li>data.Label = 1x25 vector containing the ToA labels associated with each of the 25 Tx-rx pairs (per Tx position) computed by means of the Akaike Information Criterion. </li> </ul> <h2>Experimental data</h2> <h3>File name: Test_x0.xx_y0.yyFs2MHz_1x1x0.003_Al.csv</h3> Experimental data collected with custom AE instrumentation as described in <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/3/1091">Ref 1.</a>  One single file is a collection of 3 tests (three repetitions of the impact event at the same position), each of them containing three signals acquired simultaneously by three sensors located in proximity of three corners of a 1x1x0.003 aluminum plate having the same geometrical and numerical characteristics of the numerical one. The sensors acquire 5000 samples at a rate of 2 MHz (indicated in the file name) with a pre-trigger window of 1500 samples. The specific coordinates of the sensors are: <ul> <li>s1 [x = 0.05, y = 0.95] m</li> <li>s2 [x = 0.05, y = 0.05] m</li> <li>s3 [x = 0.95, y = 0.05] m</li> </ul> There are 9 files associated with as many impact positions, indicated by the "x0.xx_y0.yy" entry in the file name, with 0.xx and 0.yy corresponding to the x and y coordinate, respectively. Excitation has been provided by means of a waveform generator exciting a 3-cycle sinusoidal wave with central frequency of 250 kHz. More deatils about the electronics and the full setup are provided in the same reference above.    This research work has been carried out within the Intelligent Sensor Systems Lab@University of Bologna, Italy.  For any needs, warning or curiosities, please contact federica.zonzini@unibo.it

opencc-zeroJun 2024View details →

Data from: A framework for modeling the impacts of searcher behavior on the efficiency of abundance surveys

When planning abundance surveys, the impact of search effort on the quality of the density estimates is rarely considered. We constructed a time-budget modeling framework for abundance surveys using principles from optimal foraging theory. We link search effort to the number of sample units surveyed, searcher detection probability, the number of detections made, and the precision of the estimated resource density. This framework allowed us to determine how a surveyor should behave to produce optimal density estimates. Using data collected from quadrat and removal surveys of zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) in central Minnesota, we applied this framework to evaluate potential improvements. By tuning searcher behavior, we find that density estimates from removal surveys of zebra mussels could be improved by up to 60% in some cases, without changing the overall survey effort. Our framework also predicts a critical population density where the best survey method switches from removal surveys at low densities to quadrat surveys at high densities, consistent with past empirical work. Our results provide insights into how to improve the performance of many survey methods in high-density environments by either tuning searcher behavior or decoupling the estimation of resource density and detection probability.

Eyes on the Narrative: Exploring the Impact of Visual Realism and Audio Presentation on Gaze Behavior in AR Storytelling

This repository contains the supplemental material for the paper "Eyes on the Narrative: Exploring the Impact of Visual Realism and Audio Presentation on Gaze Behavior in AR Storytelling".  <ul> <li>eyetracking_data contains relevant data for plots and analysis</li> <li>GetNumGlances.csv extracts number of glances from raw data</li> <li>lookingAtAvatar.csv is processed data for time looked at avatar</li> <li>numberOfGlances.csv is process data on number of times looked at avatar</li> <li>Order_numberOfglances.Rmd and Order_lookingAtAvatar.Rmd calculates statistics on order effects.</li> <li>Order_Preprocessing.R gets relevant data for analysis of order effects</li> <li>Stats_*.Rmd analysis number of glances, time looked at agent, and correlation.</li> </ul> Further additional material can be found at https://zenodo.org/doi/10.5281/zenodo.10458342

opencc-zeroJun 2024View details →

Unveiling the impact of soil methane sink on atmospheric methane concentrations in 2020

In 2020, anthropogenic methane (CH4) emissions decreased due to COVID-19 containment policies, but there was a substantial increase in the concentration of atmospheric CH4. Previous research suggested that this abnormal increase was linked to higher wetland CH4 emissions and a decrease in the atmospheric CH4 sink. However, the impact of changes in the soil CH4 sink remained unknown. To address this, we utilized a process-based model to quantify the alterations in the soil CH4 sink of terrestrial ecosystems between 2019 and 2020. By implementing the model with various datasets, we consistently observed an increase in the global soil CH4 sink, reaching up to 0.35 ± 0.06 Tg in 2020 compared to 2019. This increase was primarily attributed to warmer soil temperatures in northern high latitudes. These findings emphasize the importance of considering the CH4 sink in terrestrial ecosystems, as neglecting it can lead to an underestimation of both emission increases and reductions in atmospheric CH4 sink capacity. Furthermore, they highlight the potential role of increased soil warmth in terrestrial ecosystems in slowing the growth of CH4 concentrations in the atmosphere.

Spatial analysis of the potential impact of contaminated areas on wells and aquifers in the Upper Tietê Basin, São Paulo, Brazil

Upper Tietê stands out as the basin with the highest concentration of contaminated areas in São Paulo, Brazil, thereby exerting a pronounced impact on the quality of groundwater and directly affecting the resident population. Recognizing the importance of developing indicators for effective aquifer management, this study proposed to identify and assess the degree of risk, vulnerability, and contamination of aquifers and wells in the Upper Tietê Basin. Were applied the Aquifer Vulnerability Index method to evaluate the aquifer vulnerability in the region; the delimitation of safety perimeters and identification of wells at risk; and the integrated risk index, unifying information on social and aquifer vulnerabilities, hazards and exposure. The results reveal that the aquifers have a high vulnerability, mainly due to the thickness of their unsaturated layer. Furthermore, there were 7,958 wells at risk around the basin (77.15%), and the most vulnerable municipalities are on the outskirts of the basin. This study provides important insights, mainly due to the holistic approach, serving as a basis for identifying the regions with the highest risks, which can be prevented and mitigated with appropriate actions.