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Text-fig. A2. a: Ulmus carpinifolia GLED., 1773 syn. of Ulmus minor MILL., 1768, (herbarium E00824885). b: Ulmus carpinifolia GLED., 1773 syn. of Ulmus minor MILL., 1768, (herbarium E00824885). c: Ulmus carpinifolia GLED., 1773 syn. of Ulmus minor MILL., 1768, (herbarium E00824885 detail of (a)). d, e: Ulmus elliptica K.KOCH, 1849 (herbarium E00034393). f, g: Ulmus lancifolia ROXB., 1814, nom. inval. (herbarium NMNH03413489). h: Ulmus lancifolia ROXB., 1814, nom. inval. (herbarium NMNH03413488). Asterisks indicate different types of asymmetric leaf base. Scale bars 50 mm (a, d, e, f), 10 mm (b, c, g, h). in The Late Early Pleistocene Flora Of Oriolo, Faenza (Italy): Assembly Of The Modern Forest Biome

Text-fig. A2. a: Ulmus carpinifolia GLED., 1773 syn. of Ulmus minor MILL., 1768, (herbarium E00824885). b: Ulmus carpinifolia GLED., 1773 syn. of Ulmus minor MILL., 1768, (herbarium E00824885). c: Ulmus carpinifolia GLED., 1773 syn. of Ulmus minor MILL., 1768, (herbarium E00824885 detail of (a)). d, e: Ulmus elliptica K.KOCH, 1849 (herbarium E00034393). f, g: Ulmus lancifolia ROXB., 1814, nom. inval. (herbarium NMNH03413489). h: Ulmus lancifolia ROXB., 1814, nom. inval. (herbarium NMNH03413488). Asterisks indicate different types of asymmetric leaf base. Scale bars 50 mm (a, d, e, f), 10 mm (b, c, g, h).

Text-fig. 5. Vegetation zones in P. R. China (Editorial Committee of Vegetation Map of China, The Chinese Academy of Sciences 2007), and assumed location of extant reference vegetation type of Wiesa fossil assemblage (rectangle), as revealed from qualitative floristic analysis. Extant reference vegetation type present in southern belt of zone of subtropical evergreen broadleaved forest, with minor overlap into zone of tropical forest. in Assessment Of Phytogeographic Reference Regions For Cenozoic Vegetation: A Case Study On The Miocene Flora Of Wiesa (Germany)

Text-fig. 5. Vegetation zones in P. R. China (Editorial Committee of Vegetation Map of China, The Chinese Academy of Sciences 2007), and assumed location of extant reference vegetation type of Wiesa fossil assemblage (rectangle), as revealed from qualitative floristic analysis. Extant reference vegetation type present in southern belt of zone of subtropical evergreen broadleaved forest, with minor overlap into zone of tropical forest.

Text-fig. 1. Type specimen of Palmocarpon cretaceum MIQUEL, 1853, as illustrated by Miquel (1853: pl. 7). This figure does not include the piece of flint covering the central part of the fossil shown in the photograph (Text-fig. 2). in The Type Of Palmocarpon Cretaceum Miq., 1853 Described From The Cretaceous Of The Sint-Pietersberg, The Netherlands, Is An Eocene Nypa Burtinii (Brongn.) Ettingsh., 1879, Most Likely From The Brussels Area, Belgium

Text-fig. 1. Type specimen of Palmocarpon cretaceum MIQUEL, 1853, as illustrated by Miquel (1853: pl. 7). This figure does not include the piece of flint covering the central part of the fossil shown in the photograph (Text-fig. 2).

Text-fig. 2. Type specimen of Palmocarpon cretaceum MIQUEL, 1853 (V 21763 in the NHM, London). a: Shows the front (for comparison with Text-fig. 1), b: shows the reverse, with the label glued to it. in The Type Of Palmocarpon Cretaceum Miq., 1853 Described From The Cretaceous Of The Sint-Pietersberg, The Netherlands, Is An Eocene Nypa Burtinii (Brongn.) Ettingsh., 1879, Most Likely From The Brussels Area, Belgium

Text-fig. 2. Type specimen of Palmocarpon cretaceum MIQUEL, 1853 (V 21763 in the NHM, London). a: Shows the front (for comparison with Text-fig. 1), b: shows the reverse, with the label glued to it.

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2022View details →

Figures 1–6. Telicota paceka mesoptis Lower, 1911 in The Nomenclature and Type Status of Telicota paceka mesoptis Lower, 1911 (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae)

Figures 1–6. Telicota paceka mesoptis Lower, 1911 type material in the South Australian Museum, Adelaide (SAMA): (1–3) lectotype male, showing dorsal, ventral and labels; (4–6) paralectotype female, showing dorsal, ventral and labels. Scale bar = 10 mm.

opencc-by-4.0Jan 2022View details →

Genome annotations of Drosophila melanogaster and Drosophila simulans wild-type strains from long read sequencing assemblies

Genome assemblies were performed for eight wild-type strains of Drosophila melanogaster and Drosophila simulans from Oxford Nanopore long read sequencing (please refer to Mohamed et al. Cells 2020 (doi:10.3390/cells9081776)). Assemblies were deposited in the European Nucleotide Archive (ENA) at EMBL-EBI under accession number PRJEB50024 (<a href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/view/PRJEBxxxx">https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/view/</a>PRJEB50024). Transposable Element annotations: we used RepeatMasker 4.1.0 (<a href="http://repeatmasker.org/">http://repeatmasker.org/</a>) -species Drosophila, followed by OneCodeToFindThemAll (Bailly-Bechet et al. 2014) with default parameters. Gene annotations: We retrieved gtf files from FlyBase : <a>ftp.flybase.net/genomes/D</a><a>rosophila_melanogaster/dmel_r6,46_FB2022_03/gft/dmel-all-r6.46.gtf.gz</a> and <a>ftp.flybase.net/genomes/Drosophila_simulans/dsim_r2,02_FB2017_04/gtf/dsim-all-</a><a>r2,02.gtf.gz</a>. The corresponding fasta files were also downloaded from FlyBase: <a>ftp.flybase.net/genomes/Drosophila_melanogaster/dmel_r6,46_FB2022_03/</a><a>fasta</a><a>/dmel-all-</a><a>chromosome-</a><a>r6.46.</a><a>fasta</a><a>.gz</a> and <a>ftp.flybase.net/genomes/Drosophila_simulans/dsim_r2,02_FB2017_04/</a><a>fasta</a><a>/dsim-all-</a><a>chromosome-</a><a>r2,02.</a><a>fasta</a><a>.gz</a>. We used Liftoff (Shumate and Salzberg, 2020) to lift over gene annotations from the references to our genome assemblies. We used -flank 0.2 and only kept the “gene” and “exon” terms.

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2022View details →

The Relationship between LRP5 (rs556442 and rs638051) Polymorphisms and Mutation with Bone Metabolism in Xinjiang women with Type 2 Diabetes after Menopause(Table 1 and Table 2 Statistical Values of Analysis Process)

The Relationship between LRP5 (rs556442 and rs638051) Polymorphisms and Mutation with Bone Metabolism in Xinjiang women with Type 2 Diabetes after Menopause(Table 1 and Table 2 Statistical Values of Analysis Process)

opencc-by-4.0May 2022View details →

GEOGLAM Best Available Crop Type Masks

Best Available Crop Specific  masks (BACS) over the major production and export countries for wheat, maize, rice, and soybeans, in the context of the G20 Global Agriculture Monitoring Program, GEOGLAM. The countries covered by GEOGLAM-BACS account for a total of 84% of soy, 54% of maize, 62% of wheat, and 92% of rice production globally.

dryad40/100

Data for: Do ectomycorrhizal exploration types reflect mycelial foraging strategies?

· Ectomycorrhizal exploration types are commonly assumed to denote spatial foraging patterns and resource-related niches of extraradical mycelia. However, empirical evidence of the consistency of foraging strategies within exploration types is lacking. · Here, we analysed ectomycorrhizal foraging patterns by incubating root-excluding ingrowth mesh bags filled with six different substrates in mature Picea abies forests. High-throughput sequencing was used to characterize ectomycorrhizal fungal communities in the mesh bags and on adjacent fine roots after one growing season. · Contrary to expectations, many ectomycorrhizal genera of exploration types thought to produce little extraradical mycelium colonised ingrowth bags extensively, whereas genera commonly associated with ample mycelial production occurred sparsely in ingrowth bags relative to their abundance on roots. · Previous assumptions about soil foraging patterns of exploration types do not seem to hold. Instead, we propose that variation in the proliferation of extraradical mycelium is related to intergeneric differences in mycelial longevity and mobility of targeted resources.

FIG. 5 in On the type locality of Ameivula ocellifera (Spix, 1825) (Squamata, Teiidae), with a neotype designation

FIG. 5. — Ameivula ocellifera (Spix, 1825) neotype male ZUFMS-REP 04144: A, dorsal, ventral, and lateral view of the head; B, ventral view of the right hand; C, ventral view of the right foot. Scale bar: 20 mm.

FIG. 3. — A in On the type locality of Ameivula ocellifera (Spix, 1825) (Squamata, Teiidae), with a neotype designation

FIG. 3. — A, Ameivula ocellifera (Spix, 1825) neotype male ZUFMS-REP 04144 in life; B, habitat of neotype at the Parque das Dunas, municipality of Salvador, state of Bahia, Brazil. Photos: Ricardo Marques.

FIG. 2 in On the type locality of Ameivula ocellifera (Spix, 1825) (Squamata, Teiidae), with a neotype designation

FIG. 2. — Spix and Martius' itinerary on the elevation background, highlighting the province of Bahia in 1825, the current state of Bahia, and São Francisco River. Localities visited: 1, Malhada; 2, Caetité; 3, Livramento do Brumado; 4, Rio de Contas; 5, Sincorá; 6, Maracás; 7, Vila Pedra Branca; 8, São Félix; 9, Salvador; 10, Ilhéus; 11, Almada; 12, Itacaré; 13, Conceição da Feira; 14, Feira de Santana; 15, Coité; 16, Santo Antônio das Queimadas; 17, Senhor do Bonfim; 18, Bendegó; 19, Juazeiro.

FIG. 4 in On the type locality of Ameivula ocellifera (Spix, 1825) (Squamata, Teiidae), with a neotype designation

FIG. 4. — Ameivula ocellifera (Spix, 1825) neotype male ZUFMS-REP 04144: A, dorsal view of the body; B, ventral view of the body; C, lateral view of the body. Scale bar: 20 mm.

APPENDIX 1 in On the type locality of Ameivula ocellifera (Spix, 1825) (Squamata, Teiidae), with a neotype designation

APPENDIX 1. — Neotype (ZUFMS-REP 04144, adult male) of Ameivula ocellifera (Spix, 1825): A, body in dorsal view, showing: two longitudinal rows of enlarged scales in the dorsal region of the forearm (EFA); dorsal scales (DS); paravertebral field (PVF); paravertebral stripe (PVS); dorsolateral field (DLF); dorsolateral stripe (DLS); upper lateral field (ULF); and upper lateral stripe (ULS); B, body in ventral view, showing: longitudinal rows of ventrals (VLR); transverse rows of ventrals (VTR); femoral pores (FP); abdominal pores (AP); enlarged prefemoral scales (EPF); and enlarged scales of preanal plate (EP); C, body in lateral view, showing: dorsolateral field (DLF); dorsolateral stripe (DLS); upper lateral field (ULF); upper lateral stripes (ULS); lower lateral field (LLF); and lower lateral stripe (LLS). Scale bar: 20 mm.

opencc-by-4.0May 2019View details →

A list of the primary type specimens of Lepidoptera in the "Muséum d'histoire naturelle de Genève" Geneva, Switzerland

A list of 437 primary type specimens found to have been deposited in the “Muséum d’histoire naturelle de Genève” Geneva (MHNG), to date (7.v.2019), is presented. Thirty-seven families of Lepidoptera are represented by primary type specimens, the most diversified being the Noctuidae (96), Pyralidae sensu lato (82), and Erebidae (41). Sixty-seven of the names (15.3%) for which these 437 primary types form the basis are now synonyms, 105 (24.0%) are used in other combinations, and 265 (60.6%) remain as in the original combinations. Sixty-seven authors were responsible for the descriptions of the corresponding taxa, the most prolific being Joseph de Joannis (1864-1932; 56 taxa), Jacques Plante (1920-2003; 54 taxa), and Bernard Landry (1962-; 50 taxa). The oldest taxa for which the MHNG holds type specimens were described by Achille Guenée (1809-1880) in 1872. The most prolific decades in terms of taxonomic descriptions for which the primary types are deposited in the MHNG are the 1920s, with 80 taxa and the 1990s with 74 taxa, followed by the 1930s with 61 taxa. The Afrotropical region, with 40.3% of the taxa and the Palearctic region with 27.7% are the best represented, followed by the Neotropical (23.8%), the Oriental (7.3%), and the Australasian (0.9%) regions; none of the MHNG primary types are from the Nearctic region.

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2017View details →

Derivation of plant functional type (PFT) maps from the ESA CCI Land Cover product

This package supplements the following paper submitted to ESSD: Gross and net land cover changes of the main plant functional types derived from the annual ESA CCI land cover maps (1992-2015). Li, W., MacBean, N., Ciais, P., Defourny, P., Lamarche, C., Bontemps, S., Houghton, R. A. and Peng, S.: Gross and net land cover changes based on plant functional types derived from the annual ESA CCI land cover maps, Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., 1–23, doi:10.5194/essd-2017-74, 2017. This package contains the protocol of converting the original annual ESA CCI Land Cover product into plant functional types (PFTs) that can be used by land surface models and the corresponding cross-walking table. The original ESA LC class data and translated PFTs in 2000 as an example are attached in the .zip file. The annual ESA CCI PFT maps from 1992 to 2015 at half degree resolution are also added in a .zip file.

opencc-by-4.0Jan 2018View details →

No Man's Sky Patch Types and Subtypes for the article "Adapting the Harris Matrix for Software Stratigraphy"

Full data set of No Man's Sky patch types and subtypes used in the article "Adapting the Harris Matrix for Software Stratigraphy" published in Advances in Archaeological Practice.

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2010View details →

Figure 2. Decision Making Model based on Emotions, Drives, and Different Memory Types

The first model that is briefly introduced is an approach inspired by research findings in neuro-psychology and psychoanalysis (see figure 2). The model considers the environment, the body, and the brain/mind of an artificial being. The environment and the body are perceived via sensors. (Re-)actions can be carried out via actuators. The model focuses on the decision-making process of how to (re-)act according to situations currently perceived. In this decision-making process, there are involved concepts like emotions, desires, drives, and different types of memory as well as concepts like the Ego-Id-Superego model of Sigmund Freud. There are considered fast reactions in form of reflexes and slower reactions that need reflection, thinking, and planning. For a detailed model description, see [14, 17, 18].

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2013View details →

BRAIN Journal-Evolving Spiking Neural Networks for Control of Artificial Creatures-Figure 7. Effect of different type of movement on the image in the vision of artificial creature.

Figure 7a, Figure 7b, Figure 7c and Figure 7d, shows effect of different type of movement on the image in the vision of artificial creature if food be on vision boundaries. As mentioned each part of the image equal 7.5 degree. Therefore 15 degree left or right rotation locomotion equivalent two parts shift toward left or right. For motion to forward direction, size of the image has been reduplicated so that each part has been become to the two similar parts. Then half of new image in right side and left side has been deleted in order to create new close image in vision. Accordingly, if food be on vision boundaries, the number of black parts of the image for the food object in ultimate location is 2, by one movement to forward direction the number of these parts become to 4, by one movement to forward direction the number of these parts become to 8 and so on. After four movements to forward all part of the image is black and the creature is succeed find the food object.