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FIGURE 1 in New primates from the Eocene of Saskatchewan: Revision of the primates from the Cypress Hills Formation with description of new taxa
FIGURE 1. Map of study area. Black dots denote cities/towns. Red squares denote primary field localities. A: Swift Current Creek locality. B-C: Lac Pelletier main primate-bearing exposures.
FIGURE 3 in New primates from the Eocene of Saskatchewan: Revision of the primates from the Cypress Hills Formation with description of new taxa
FIGURE 3. Lower teeth of Trogolemur from Lac Pelletier, previously described by Storer (1990). A: Lp4 (RSM P1899.1001). B: Lm1 or m2 (RSM P1899.1002). C: Rm1 or m2 (RSM P1899.1003). Scale bar is 1 mm long.
FIGURE 1 in Endemism and migration in the Kochkor Basin? Identification and description of Adcrocuta eximia (Mammalia: Carnivora: Hyaenidae) and c.f. Paramachaerodus (Mammalia: Carnivora: Felidae) fossils at the Miocene locality of Ortok, Kyrgyzstan
FIGURE 1. Maps of Kyrgyzstan showing the location of Ortok and important topographical structures. A, Google Earth imagery (accessed May 2018) of the Kochkor and Issyk Kul Basins showing major basins, main bodies of water, Tien Shan mountains, and major fault lines for Kyrgyzstan. The Tien Shan mountains run roughly east to west, leaving high altitude basins infilled with Cenozoic sediments between each sub range. The Kochkor Basin is roughly 80 km long and 24 km wide. Map data: Google, Mapabc.com. Scale equals 96 km; B, additional zoomed in map of Kochkor Basin with fossil localities. Furthest left star is the Ortok site, other fossil collections are from both Tarasov (1970) and McLaughlin (2018). Map data: Google, Digital Globe. Scale equals 16.2 km; C, zoomed in Google Earth map of Kochkor Basin showing main body of water and topographic features. Likely, the Kochkor Basin was connected to the Issyk Kul Basin (the large lake in the figure) until geologically very recently, as shown by the low hills dividing the two basins. Map data: Google, Landsat Copernicus. Scale equals 65 km; D, Google Earth imagery of the Ortok. Base of measured stratigraphic and paleomagnetostratigraphic section (see McLaughlin, 2018) marked with a blue star. Fossiliferous outcrop extends to east and north of the star in the pale tan exposure. To the east, a gorge cut into reddish Paleozoic granite with the thin layer of Chu unconformably resting on it. Strata at Ortok are dipping very gently to the north and are the least deformed structurally of any site included in this study. Additionally, the fossils are the least diagenically altered, indicating little to no diagenic alteration to the site as well. Map data: Google, Digital Globe.Map Scale equals 300 m.
FIGURE 5. Specimen UOMNH F-70508 in Endemism and migration in the Kochkor Basin? Identification and description of Adcrocuta eximia (Mammalia: Carnivora: Hyaenidae) and c.f. Paramachaerodus (Mammalia: Carnivora: Felidae) fossils at the Miocene locality of Ortok, Kyrgyzstan
FIGURE 5. Specimen UOMNH F-70508, Adcrocuta eximia, in occlusal view with insets of morphological features discussed in text. A, occlusal schematic diagram of preserved dentition and p1 alveolus (arrow); B, occlusal view of m1 (anterior to the left) illustrating early stage wear on paraconid and protoconid, respectively; C, occlusal of preserved specimen; D, buccal view of p3 showing examples of transitional acute-angle Hunter-Schreger Bands. These are associated with robust hyaenines (Tseng, 2011); E, detail oblique lingual view of talonid of carnassial (m1) with reduced hypoconid and entoconid. Abbreviations: Encd, entoconid; Hypcd, hypoconid; Ptd, protoconid. Scale bar A and C, equals 5 cm, B, equals 5 mm, D, equals 20 mm, and E, equals 10 mm.
FIGURE 2 in Endemism and migration in the Kochkor Basin? Identification and description of Adcrocuta eximia (Mammalia: Carnivora: Hyaenidae) and c.f. Paramachaerodus (Mammalia: Carnivora: Felidae) fossils at the Miocene locality of Ortok, Kyrgyzstan
FIGURE 2. Stratigraphy, sediment and partially reconstructed fossil from Ortok site. A, Schematic and generalized stratigraphic column for the Cenozoic formations outcropping in the Kochkor Basin. Relative average grainsize is indicated by the X axis, while stratigraphic position is related on the Y axis; B, specimen UOMNH F-70508 in situ prior to removal by W.N.F. McLaughlin to demonstrate fossil completeness and surrounding matrix. Scale bar equals 10 cm; C, cleaned and reconstructed UOMNH F-70508. Note: some diagnostic features were damaged and lost during preparation; see Figure 3 for complete specimen. Scale bar equals 5 cm.
FIGURE 3. Specimen UOMNH F-70508 in Endemism and migration in the Kochkor Basin? Identification and description of Adcrocuta eximia (Mammalia: Carnivora: Hyaenidae) and c.f. Paramachaerodus (Mammalia: Carnivora: Felidae) fossils at the Miocene locality of Ortok, Kyrgyzstan
FIGURE 3. Specimen UOMNH F-70508, Adcrocuta eximia, right partial mandible, pre-breakage and reconstruction. A, annotated line drawing of buccal view, demonstrating two mental foramina and partial preservation of masseteric fossa (light grey). Note alveolus of p1 anterior to p2; B, UOMNH F-70508 after excavation and preliminary reconstruction demonstrating diagnostic features. Abbreviations: aac, anterior accessory cusp; ap, angular process; cp, coronoid process; mc, mandibular condyle; mf, masseteric fossa; mnf, mental foramina; pac, posterior accessory cusp; pad, paraconid; ptd, protoconid; tld, talonid. Scale bar equals 5 cm.
FIGURE 7 in Endemism and migration in the Kochkor Basin? Identification and description of Adcrocuta eximia (Mammalia: Carnivora: Hyaenidae) and c.f. Paramachaerodus (Mammalia: Carnivora: Felidae) fossils at the Miocene locality of Ortok, Kyrgyzstan
FIGURE 7. Time-scaled phylogeny of the Paramachaerodus genus and UOMNH F-70509's placement within it. The depicted tree is a strict consensus of two most-parsimonious trees of score 32. Note the location of UOMNH F-70509 as unresolved relative to "Promegantereon" ogygia at the base of the genus even though it occurs much later in the rock record. Time-scaling was performed in R, version 3.6.1 (R Core Team, 2019) with the Strap package (Bell and Lloyd, 2014) using the "basic" method. Taxa ages derive from Li and Spassov (2017). The outgroup taxon Proailurus lemanensis has an Oligocene occurrence, not shown for clarity, but its basal position in our analysed taxa is depicted with dotted lines.
FIGURE 4. Isolated left P4 in Endemism and migration in the Kochkor Basin? Identification and description of Adcrocuta eximia (Mammalia: Carnivora: Hyaenidae) and c.f. Paramachaerodus (Mammalia: Carnivora: Felidae) fossils at the Miocene locality of Ortok, Kyrgyzstan
FIGURE 4. Isolated left P4 of UOMNH F-70508, Adcrocuta eximia. A, schematic of preserved features in occlusal view; B, occlusal view of specimen displaying minimal wear on metastylar blade; C, lingual view of specimen. Note reduced protocone that does not extend anterior to the anterior face of the parastyle. Scale bar equals 10 mm.
FIGURE 6 in Endemism and migration in the Kochkor Basin? Identification and description of Adcrocuta eximia (Mammalia: Carnivora: Hyaenidae) and c.f. Paramachaerodus (Mammalia: Carnivora: Felidae) fossils at the Miocene locality of Ortok, Kyrgyzstan
FIGURE 6. Annotated views of UOMNH F-70509, cf. Paramachaerodus. A, distal tip of canine, labial view; B, distal tip of canine, posterior view, note incipient crenulations on posterior edge (arrows); C, distal tip of canine, lingual view; D, schematic representation of preserved post-canine elements, not to common scale, inferred missing anatomy modified from Li and Spassov (2017); E, occlusal view of preserved left M1; F, anterior view of preserved left M1; G, occlusal view of preserved P4 paracone; H, lingual view of preserved P4 paracone; I, labial view of preserved P4 paracone; Abbreviations: cc, centrocrista; cn, carnassial notch; mt, metacone; pc, paracrista; *prt, flared portion of paracone cusp leading to protocone; ps, parastyle. Scale bar A–C, and G–I, equals 15 mm, E–F, equals 6 mm.
Figures 4-6 in Description of two clown beetles (Coleoptera: Staphyliniformia: Hydrophiloidea: Histeridae) from Baltic amber (Cenozoic, Paleogene, Eocene)
Figures 4-6. Xestipyge ikanti sp. nov. Holotype; No. 1470-6 [CCHH]. Habitus: 4 - Dorsal view; 5 - Ventral view; 6 - Dorso-frontal view.
Figure 7 in Description of two clown beetles (Coleoptera: Staphyliniformia: Hydrophiloidea: Histeridae) from Baltic amber (Cenozoic, Paleogene, Eocene)
Figure 7. Xestipyge ikanti sp. nov. Holotype; No. 1470-6 [CCHH]. Elytral striae basally (left side): subhumeral, 1-5 dorsal and sutural.
Figures 1-2 in Description of two clown beetles (Coleoptera: Staphyliniformia: Hydrophiloidea: Histeridae) from Baltic amber (Cenozoic, Paleogene, Eocene)
Figures 1-2. Carcinops donelaitisi sp. nov. Holotype; No. AWI-098 [CVIA]. Habitus: 1 - Dorsal view; 2 - Ventro-lateral view.
FIGURE 22 in Inventory of the Carabid Beetle Fauna of the Gaoligong Mountains, western Yunnan Province, China: Species of the Tribe Cyclosomini Laporte, 1934 (Coleoptera: Carabidae), with Descriptions of Two New Species.
FIGURE 22. Photographs of habitat for Tetragonoderus arcuatus Dejean at Longchuan Jiang at Xiaojiangqiao, Qushi Township, Tengchong County, Yunnan, China. A. overview of river bank; photograph by David H. Kavanaugh. B. upper sandy bank with sparse vegetation; photograph by Roberta L. Brett.
FIGURE 23 in Inventory of the Carabid Beetle Fauna of the Gaoligong Mountains, western Yunnan Province, China: Species of the Tribe Cyclosomini Laporte, 1934 (Coleoptera: Carabidae), with Descriptions of Two New Species.
FIGURE 23. Map showing approximate known overall geographical distributions of cyclosomine species occurring in the Gaoligong Shan. a (blue) = Cyclosomus acutangulus Kavanaugh & Cueva-Dabkoski, sp. nov.; b (yellow) = Tetragonoderus arcuatus Dejean; c (red) = T. elegans Andrewes; d (white dot) = T. parviculus Kavanaugh & Cueva-Dabkoski, sp. nov.; e (orange) = T. punctatus Wiedemann. Modified from Wikimedia Commons, World Atlas of the World, at URL: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8f/Whole_world_-_land_and_oceans_12000.jpg. Scale line = 500 km.
FIGURE 20 in Inventory of the Carabid Beetle Fauna of the Gaoligong Mountains, western Yunnan Province, China: Species of the Tribe Cyclosomini Laporte, 1934 (Coleoptera: Carabidae), with Descriptions of Two New Species.
FIGURE 20. Tetragonoderus microthorax Jian and Tian, dorsal habitus of holotype (Jinghong, Yunnan, China); scale line = 1.0 mm.
FIGURE 21 in Inventory of the Carabid Beetle Fauna of the Gaoligong Mountains, western Yunnan Province, China: Species of the Tribe Cyclosomini Laporte, 1934 (Coleoptera: Carabidae), with Descriptions of Two New Species.
FIGURE 21. Photographs of habitat for cyclosomine species, Cyclosomus acutangulus Kavanaugh & Cueva-Dabkoski, sp. nov., Tetragonoderus elegans Andrewes, T. parviculus Kavanaugh & Cueva-Dabkoski, sp. nov., and T. punctatus Wiedemann at Longchuan Jiang just below bridge at Menglian village, Wuhe Township, Tengchong County, Yunnan, China. A. lower river bank; B. sandy upper bank with sparse vegetation. Photos by David H. Kavanaugh.
FIGURE 19. Male genitalia, Tetragonoderus spp. A, B. T in Inventory of the Carabid Beetle Fauna of the Gaoligong Mountains, western Yunnan Province, China: Species of the Tribe Cyclosomini Laporte, 1934 (Coleoptera: Carabidae), with Descriptions of Two New Species.
FIGURE 19. Male genitalia, Tetragonoderus spp. A, B. T. elegans Andrewes (CASENT1039498, Longchuan Jiang just below bridge at Menglian village, Wuhe Township, Tengchong County, Yunnan, China); C, D. T. punctatus (Wiedemann) (CASENT1039548, Longchuan Jiang just below bridge at Menglian village, Wuhe Township, Tengchong County, Yunnan, China); E, F. T. microthorax Jian and Tian (Jamiri-Sessa, Arunachal, India). A, C, E. Dorsal aspect; B, D, F. Left lateral aspect; scale lines = 0.5 mm.
FIGURE 18. Male genitalia, Tetragonoderus spp. A, B. T in Inventory of the Carabid Beetle Fauna of the Gaoligong Mountains, western Yunnan Province, China: Species of the Tribe Cyclosomini Laporte, 1934 (Coleoptera: Carabidae), with Descriptions of Two New Species.
FIGURE 18. Male genitalia, Tetragonoderus spp. A, B. T. arcuatus Dejean (Nepalgunj, Banke District, Nepal); C, D. T. parviculus Kavanaugh & Cueva-Dabkoski, sp. nov., (CASENT1039396, Longchuan Jiang just below bridge at Menglian village, Wuhe Township, Tengchong County, Yunnan, China). A, C. Dorsal aspect; B, D. Left lateral aspect; scale lines = 0.5 mm.
FIGURE 6 in Inventory of the Carabid Beetle Fauna of the Gaoligong Mountains, western Yunnan Province, China: Species of the Tribe Cyclosomini Laporte, 1934 (Coleoptera: Carabidae), with Descriptions of Two New Species.
FIGURE 6. Illustration of terms used for describing color patterns in Cyclosomus and Tetragonoderus species. A. Cyclosomus flexuosus (Fabricius) (Kosi River valley, 5 km N Ramnagar, Uttarakhand, India; copyright © Alexander Anichtchenko); B. Tetragonoderus intermedius Solsky (8 km NE of the city of Parkhar, Tajikistan; copyright ©Kirill Makarov); C. Tetragonoderus elegans Andrewes (Longchuan Jiang just below bridge at Menglian village, Wuhe Township, Tengchong County, Yunnan, China); ads = anterior discal seta; am = anterior dark margin of niddle band; bdb = basal dark band; hp = humeral portion of basal dark band; lpb = lateral pale band of pronotum; mdb = middle dark band; mp = medial portion of basal dark band; pas = preapical dark spot; pdb = preapical dark band; pds = posterior discal seta; pm = posterior dark margin of middle band; spb = subapical pale band.
FIGURE 17. Male middle tarsus, ventral aspect. A in Inventory of the Carabid Beetle Fauna of the Gaoligong Mountains, western Yunnan Province, China: Species of the Tribe Cyclosomini Laporte, 1934 (Coleoptera: Carabidae), with Descriptions of Two New Species.
FIGURE 17. Male middle tarsus, ventral aspect. A. Cyclosomus acutangulus Kavanaugh & Cueva-Dabkoski, sp. nov. (CASENT 1012643, Longchuan Jiang at Longjiang Bridge, Wuhe Township, Tengchong County, Yunnan, China); B. Tetragonoderus arcuatus Dejean (Nepalgunj, Banke District, Lumbini Province, Nepal); C. T. elegans Andrewes (CASENT103499, Longchuan Jiang just below bridge at Menglian village, Wuhe Township, Tengchong County, Yunnan, China); D. T. parviculus Kavanaugh & Cueva-Dabkoski, sp. nov. (CASENT1039397, Longchuan Jiang just below bridge at Menglian village, Wuhe Township, Tengchong County, Yunnan, China); E. T. punctatus Wiedemann (CASENT1039548, Longchuan Jiang just below bridge at Menglian village, Wuhe Township, Tengchong County, Yunnan, China); F. T. microthorax Jian & Tian (8 km S of Jamiri, northeastern India). Scale lines = 0.2 mm.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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