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2,885 results for “transfers”
Data from: Testing the applicability of a benthic foraminiferal-based transfer function for the reconstruction of paleowater depth changes in Rhodes (Greece) during the early Pleistocene
We present paleo-water depth reconstructions for the Pefka E section deposited on the island of Rhodes (Greece) during the early Pleistocene. For these reconstructions, a transfer function (TF) using modern benthic foraminifera surface samples from the Adriatic and Western Mediterranean Seas has been developed. The TF model gives an overall predictive accuracy of ~50 m over a water depth range of ~1200 m. Two separate TF models for shallower and deeper water depth ranges indicate a good predictive accuracy of 9 m for shallower water depths (0-200 m) but far less accuracy of 130 m for deeper water depths (200-1200 m) due to uneven sampling along the water depth gradient. To test the robustness of the TF, we randomly selected modern samples to develop random TFs, showing that the model is robust for water depths between 20 and 850 m while greater water depths are underestimated. We applied the TF to the Pefka E fossil data set. The goodness-of-fit statistics showed that most fossil samples have a poor to extremely poor fit to water depth. We interpret this as a consequence of a lack of modern analogues for the fossil samples and removed all samples with extremely poor fit. To test the robustness and significance of the reconstructions, we compared them to reconstructions from an alternative TF model based on the modern analogue technique and applied the randomization TF test. We found our estimates to be robust and significant at the 95% confidence level, but we also observed that our estimates are strongly overprinted by orbital, precession-driven changes in paleo-productivity and corrected our estimates by filtering out the precession-related component. We compared our corrected record to reconstructions based on a modified plankton/benthos (P/B) ratio, excluding infaunal species, and to stable oxygen isotope data from the same section, as well as to paleo-water depth estimates for the Lindos Bay Formation of other sediment sections of Rhodes. These comparisons indicate that our orbital-corrected reconstructions are reasonable and reflect major tectonic movements of Rhodes during the early Pleistocene.
Horizontal gene transfer is the main driver of antimicrobial resistance in broiler chicks infected with Salmonella enterica serovar Heidelberg
<p>Overuse and misuse of antibiotics in clinical settings and in food production have been linked to the increased prevalence and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AR). Consequently, public health and consumer concerns have resulted in a remarkable reduction in antibiotics used for food animal production. However, there are no data on the effectiveness of antibiotic removal in reducing AR shared through horizontal gene transfer (HGT). In this study, we used neonatal broiler chicks and Salmonella enterica serovar Heidelberg (SH), a model food pathogen, to test if chicks raised antibiotic-free harbor transferable AR. We challenged chicks with an antibiotic susceptible SH strain using various routes of inoculation and determined if SH isolates recovered carried plasmids conferring AR. We used antimicrobial susceptibility testing and whole genome sequencing (WGS) to show that chicks grown without antibiotics harbored antimicrobial resistant SH population 14 days after challenge and chicks challenged orally acquired AR at a higher rate than chicks inoculated via the cloaca. Using 16S rRNA gene sequencing we found that SH infection perturbed the microbiota of broiler chicks and used metagenomics and WGS to confirm commensal Escherichia coli population as the main reservoir of IncI1 plasmid acquired by SH. The carriage of this IncI1 plasmid posed no fitness cost to SH but increased its fitness when exposed to acidic pH in vitro. These results suggest that HGT of plasmids carrying AR shaped the evolution of SH and that antibiotic use reduction alone is insufficient to limit antibiotic resistance transfer from commensal bacteria to Salmonella.</p>
Data sets of MMP-cliffs, SAR transfer series and RECAP-MMPs
<p>A new and up-to-date version of three MMP-based data sets derived from compounds included in the latest release of ChEMBL is presented. These data sets include activity cliffs, structure-activity relationship (SAR) transfer series, and second generation MMPs based upon retrosynthetic rules. The structural data and information are provided in eight different files comprising the three data sets of MMP-cliffs (two files), SAR transfer series (four files), and RECAP-MMPs (two files). All MMP-cliffs, SAR transfer series with approximate or regular potency progression, and RECAP-MMPs are provided in canonical SMILES representation on a per-target basis separately for the Ki and IC50 subsets. The corresponding files are clearly designated.</p>
Hoarding and horizontal transfer led to an expanded gene and intron repertoire in the plastid genome of the diatom, Toxarium undulatum (Bacillariophyta)
<p>Multiple sequence alignments used to produce Figure 2</p>
Dataset of Measured Binaural Room Transfer Functions of Individuals
<p>A dataset of BRIRs from 25 individuals is presented. The BRIRs are recorded in a listening lab (ITU-BS.1116-1) and an empty seminar (V = 182 m³, T60 = 2.0 s). Additionally, for some persons the BRIRs from an acoustic enhanced seminar room and a small lecture hall are included. The recorded source directions with a distance of 2.2 m are 0°, 30°, 60°, 180°, 240°, 300° or all 12 hours positions for the persons with the two additional rooms. The used dataset is stored in the SOFA (Spatially Oriented Format for Acoustics) file format.</p>
Carbon fixation and transfer in the Olavius spp. symbiosis studied with microautoradiography
<p>Microautoradiographic images of thin sections from <em>Olavius</em> spp. worms that were incubated with <sup>14</sup>C-labelled bicarbonate in a pulse chase experiment. After 10 days chase, radioactive label is not only present in the outer region of the worm that harbors the chemosynthetic symbionts but is also detected over symbiont-free regions, i.e. the coelomic fluid (A) or the chloragogen tissue (B), indicating carbon transfer to the host.</p>
FIGURE 4 in Thorectinae (Porifera: Demospongiae: Dictyoceratida) from Northeastern Brazil: two new species and transfer of Scalarispongia cincta (Boury-Esnault, 1973) to the genus Thorecta Lendenfeld, 1888
FIGURE 4. Scalarispongia tubulata sp. nov. (A) Holotype (MNRJ 17620); (B) Paratype (UFSPOR 223); (C) Reticulated skeleton of isolated spongin fibers, showing a cored primary fiber (pf) and an uncored secondary reticulum (sr); (D). Elements of fiber skeleton: cored primary fibers (pf), uncored secondary fibers (sf), pseudo-tertiary fibers (ptf) and secondary web (sw); (E) Cross section of the fiber skeleton; (F) Histological section. Scale bars: A–B, 1 cm; C, 205 µm; D, 82 µm; E, 550 µm, F, 250 µm.
FIGURE 2 in Taxonomy of Toumeyella lomagundiae Hall and T. obunca De Lotto, and their transfer to Hallicoccus gen. nov. (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Coccidae)
FIGURE 2. Hallicoccus lomagundiae (Hall), first-instar nymph. A, trilocular pore; B, marginal setae; C, dorsal seta; D, stigmatic spines; E, dorsal microduct; F, simple pore; G, ventral submarginal seta; H, anal ring (right half); I, spiracular disc-pores; J, ventral microduct; K, ventral submarginal cephalic seta.
FIGURE 1 in Taxonomy of Toumeyella lomagundiae Hall and T. obunca De Lotto, and their transfer to Hallicoccus gen. nov. (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Coccidae)
FIGURE 1. Hallicoccus lomagundiae (Hall), adult female. A, derm areolation; B, submarginal dorsal tubercle; C, stigmatic setae; D, dorsal microduct; E, simple pore; F, dorsal and marginal seta; G, anal plate; H, pregenital disc-pores; I, spinose ventral submarginal seta; J, slender ventral submedial seta; K, anal ring (right half); L, reduced metathoracic legs; M, ventral microduct; N, top and side view of ventral tubular duct; O, spiracular disc-pores; P, antenna.
FIGURE 3 in Taxonomy of Toumeyella lomagundiae Hall and T. obunca De Lotto, and their transfer to Hallicoccus gen. nov. (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Coccidae)
FIGURE 3. Hallicoccus obunca (De Lotto), adult female. A, enlargement of dorsal derm; B, stigmatic spines; C, dorsal microduct; D, simple pore; E, dorsal and marginal seta; F, preopercular pores; G, anal plate; H, pregenital disc-pore; I, anal ring (right half); J, metathoracic leg; K, ventral setae; L, ventral microduct; M, ventral tubular duct; N, spiracular disc-pores; O, antenna.
FIGURES 9–11 in Redescription of the Hispaniolan ladybird genus Bura Mulsant (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) and justification for its transfer from Coccidulinae to Sticholotidinae
FIGURES 9–11. Phylogenetic relationships among higher categories of Coccinellidae as proposed by different authors, Sticholotidinae (sensu lato) in blue: 9. Dendrogram proposed by Sasaji (1971); 10. Cladogram proposed by Gordon (1977); 11. Dendrogram proposed by Kovar (1996) (dotted line added to show restricted concept of Sticholotidinae sensu Duverger).
FIGURES 12–13 in Redescription of the Hispaniolan ladybird genus Bura Mulsant (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) and justification for its transfer from Coccidulinae to Sticholotidinae
FIGURES 12–13. Comparison of antennal morphology between members of Sticholotidini (Sticholotidinae) and Coccidulini (Coccidulinae), arrow indicates area with concentration of short sensory setae (images have been redrawn to present a consistent orientation). 12. Sticholotidini: a, Sticholotis sp. (after Sasaji 1968); b, Sticholotis sp. (formerly Nesolotis) (after Miyatake 1966); c, Lenasa sp. (after Gordon 1994c); d, Plotina sp. (after Miyatake 1969); e, Semiviride sp. (after Gordon 1991). 13. Coccidulini (after Gordon 1994a): a, Orbipressus sp.; b, Stenadalia sp.; c, Nothocolus sp.; d, Eupaleoides sp.; e, Eupalea sp.
FIGURES 1–8 in Redescription of the Hispaniolan ladybird genus Bura Mulsant (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) and justification for its transfer from Coccidulinae to Sticholotidinae
FIGURES 1–8. Bura cuprea Mulsant, adult specimen: 1. Head capsule, frontal view of left half showing compound eye and eye canthus; 2. Whole beetle, frontal view; 3. Same, left lateral view; 4. Prosternum, ventral surface; 5. Right antenna, lateral view; 6. Right antenna, distal portion, rotated to show patches of short sensory setae on mesal surfaces of last two antennomeres; 7. Left maxillary palp, ventral view; 8. Tarsal claw showing triangular tooth at base.
FIGURES 1–7 in A remarkable new species of Multumbo showing sexual dimorphism, with the transfer of Multumbo and Piassagera to the Hernandariinae (Opiliones, Gonyleptidae)
FIGURES 1–7. Multumbo dimorphicus sp. nov. 1, dorsal view of holotype male (MNRJ 17383); 2, lateral view of holotype; 3, trochanter and basal portion of femur of leg IV of holotype, retrolateral view; 4, trochanter-tarsus I of paratype female (MNRJ 11353), lateral view; 5, metatarsus-tarsus I of paratype male (MNRJ 11353, smaller male), lateral view; 6, metatarsus-tarsus I of holotype (larger male), lateral view; 7, trochanter-femur IV of holotype, dorsal view. Note swollen basitarsus I of males in figs. 5–6. Scale: 1 mm.
FIGURES 8–9 in A remarkable new species of Multumbo showing sexual dimorphism, with the transfer of Multumbo and Piassagera to the Hernandariinae (Opiliones, Gonyleptidae)
FIGURES 8–9. Multumbo dimorphicus sp. nov., penis of paratype male (MNRJ 11353): 8, dorsal view; 9, dorso-lateral view.
FIGURE 10 in A remarkable new species of Multumbo showing sexual dimorphism, with the transfer of Multumbo and Piassagera to the Hernandariinae (Opiliones, Gonyleptidae)
FIGURE 10. Distribution of Multumbo species. Black line: "Serra dos Órgãos" Area of Endemism (Pinto-da-Rocha et al., 2005).
FIGURES 1–4. Scyletria inflata Bishop & Crosby 1938. 1 in Review of the Nearctic genus Scyletria Bishop & Crosby (Araneae, Linyphiidae), with a transfer of S. jona to Mermessus O. Pickard-Cambridge
FIGURES 1–4. Scyletria inflata Bishop & Crosby 1938. 1. Male palpus, ventral view; 2. Male palpus, retrolateral view; 3. Expanded male palpus, schematic illustration; 4. Male palpal tibia, dorsal view. Scale bars = 0.1 mm.
FIGURES 5–11 in Review of the Nearctic genus Scyletria Bishop & Crosby (Araneae, Linyphiidae), with a transfer of S. jona to Mermessus O. Pickard-Cambridge
FIGURES 5–11. Mermessus jona (Bishop & Crosby 1938) new combination. 5. Male palpus, ventral view; 6. Male palpus, retrolateral view; 7. Male palpal tibia, dorsal view; 8. Expanded male palpus, schematic illustration; 9. Spermathecae, ventral view; 10. Epigynum, ventral view; 11. Spermathecae, dorsal view. Scale bars = 0.1 mm.
FIGURE 12 in Review of the Nearctic genus Scyletria Bishop & Crosby (Araneae, Linyphiidae), with a transfer of S. jona to Mermessus O. Pickard-Cambridge
FIGURE 12. Geographic distribution of Scyletria inflata Bishop & Crosby 1938 (filled circles) and Mermessus jona (Bishop & Crosby 1938) new combination (crosses).
FIGURE 9 in Studies in Liocranidae (Araneae): redescriptions and transfers in Apostenus Westring and Brachyanillus Simon, as well as description of a new genus
FIGURE 9. Arabelia pheidoleicomes sp. n., Lesbos, Agiasos, pine wood near Megali Limni, live animal on underside of stone, among Pheidole ants.
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OpenNeuro
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