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Figure 8 from: Wesener T (2020) Ecotone shifts in southern Madagascar: first barcoding data and six new species of the endemic millipede genus Riotintobolus (Spirobolida, Pachybolidae). ZooKeys 953: 1-29. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.953.53977
Figure 8 Riotintobolus bovinus sp. nov., male holotype (ZFMK MYR940) A multi-layer photograph, anterior body, lateral view B multi-layer photograph, leg pairs 1–7, ventral view C multi-layer photograph, posterior body end with telson D anterior gonopod, anterior view E anterior gonopod, posterior view F left posterior gonopod, posterior view G left posterior gonopod, anterior view. Abbreviations: Apo = apodeme; av = paraprocts; Co = collum (ring 1); Cx = coxite; Gn = gnathochilarium; Md = basal joints of mandible; Pe = penis; Pre = epiproct; St = sternite; T = telopodite; x = lateral swollen process; y = opening of efferenct duct; numbers refer to leg pair or segment number. Scale bars: 1 mm.
Figure 9 from: Wesener T (2020) Ecotone shifts in southern Madagascar: first barcoding data and six new species of the endemic millipede genus Riotintobolus (Spirobolida, Pachybolidae). ZooKeys 953: 1-29. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.953.53977
Figure 9 Riotintobolus antafoky sp. nov., holotype (CASENT9032794) A anterior gonopod, anterior view B anterior gonopod, posterior view C telopodite of left posterior gonopod, anterior view D left posterior gonopod, posterior view. Abbreviations: Cx = coxite; St = sternite; T = telopodite; x = lateral swollen process; y = opening of efferenct duct; z = apical membranous 'flag'. Not to scale.
Figure 6 from: Wesener T (2020) Ecotone shifts in southern Madagascar: first barcoding data and six new species of the endemic millipede genus Riotintobolus (Spirobolida, Pachybolidae). ZooKeys 953: 1-29. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.953.53977
Figure 6 Riotintobolus mangatsiaka sp. nov., male and female (FMMC 5413), SEMA left gnathal lobe of mandible, mesal view B left female vulva, lateral view. Abbreviations: av = anterior orientated plate; 3iT = 3-combed inner tooth; eT ? external tooth; LT = lateral tooth; mp = molar plate; O = operculum; pL = pectinate lamellae; pv = posterior orientated plate. Scale bars as indicated.
Figure 7 from: Wesener T (2020) Ecotone shifts in southern Madagascar: first barcoding data and six new species of the endemic millipede genus Riotintobolus (Spirobolida, Pachybolidae). ZooKeys 953: 1-29. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.953.53977
Figure 7 Riotintobolus lavanono sp. nov., paratype male (ZFMK MYR942) C anterior gonopod, anterior view; posterior view D telopodite of left posterior gonopod, posterior view E left posterior gonopod, anterior view. Abbreviations: av = paraprocts; Co = collum (ring 1); Cx = coxite; Go = gonopods; Md = basal joints of mandible; Pre = epiproct; St = sternite; sub = hypoproct; T = telopodite; x = lateral swollen process; y = opening of efferent duct; z = apical membranous 'flag'; numbers refer to leg pair or segment number. Scale bars: 1 mm.
Figure 5 from: Wesener T (2020) Ecotone shifts in southern Madagascar: first barcoding data and six new species of the endemic millipede genus Riotintobolus (Spirobolida, Pachybolidae). ZooKeys 953: 1-29. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.953.53977
Figure 5 Riotintobolus mangatsiaka sp. nov., male (FMMC 5413), SEMA left antennae B antennomere 5 C details of sensilla basiconica D antennomere 6 E detail of unknown sensilla/pore opening F gnathochilarium underside G gnathochilarium, detail of right central pad. Abbreviations: cP = central pads; d = disc; iP = inner palpus; LP = lateral palpus; s = unknown sensillum; sb = sensilla basiconica; numbers refer to antennomere number. Scale bars as indicated.
Figure 4 from: Wesener T (2020) Ecotone shifts in southern Madagascar: first barcoding data and six new species of the endemic millipede genus Riotintobolus (Spirobolida, Pachybolidae). ZooKeys 953: 1-29. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.953.53977
Figure 4 Riotintobolus mangatsiaka sp. nov., paratypes (ZFMK MYR938) A living female B living male in defensive position C multi-layer photograph, male anterior body, lateral view D multi-layer photograph, male leg pairs 1–7, ventral view E multi-layer photograph, male posterior body end with telson F anterior gonopod, anterior view G anterior gonopod, posterior view H right posterior gonopod, posterior view I right posterior gonopod, anterior view. Abbreviations: av = paraprocts; Co = collum (ring 1); Cx = coxite; Md = basal joints of mandible; Pe = penis; Pre = epiproct; St = sternite; sub = hypoproct; T = telopodite; x = lateral swollen process; y = opening of efferenct duct; z = apical membranous 'flag'; numbers refer to leg pair number. Scale bars: 1 mm.
Figure 3 from: Wesener T (2020) Ecotone shifts in southern Madagascar: first barcoding data and six new species of the endemic millipede genus Riotintobolus (Spirobolida, Pachybolidae). ZooKeys 953: 1-29. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.953.53977
Figure 3 Riotintobolus tsimelahy sp. nov., holotype (ZFMK MYR99940) (A–F) and male paratype (ZFMK MYR9949) (G, H) A multi-layer photograph, male anterior body, lateral view B multi-layer photograph, male leg pairs 1–7, ventral view C multi-layer photograph, male posterior body end with telson D anterior gonopod, anterior view E left posterior gonopod, posterior view F right posterior gonopod, anterior view G damaged? left posterior gonopod, posterior view H damaged? right posterior gonopod, anterior view. Abbreviations: av = paraprocts; Co = collum (ring 1); Cx = coxite; Md = basal joints of mandible; Pre = epiproct; St = sternite; sub = hypoproct; T = telopodite; x = lateral swollen process; z = apical membranous 'flag'; numbers refer to leg pair number. Scale bars: 1 mm.
Figure 1 from: Wesener T (2020) Ecotone shifts in southern Madagascar: first barcoding data and six new species of the endemic millipede genus Riotintobolus (Spirobolida, Pachybolidae). ZooKeys 953: 1-29. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.953.53977
Figure 1 Relationships of Riotintobolus species. The evolutionary history of Riotintobolus was inferred by using the Maximum Likelihood method based on the Tamura-Nei model. The tree with the highest log likelihood (-5174.8354) is shown. The tree is drawn to scale, with branch lengths measured in the number of substitutions per site. Yellow box marks the genus Riotintobolus, green colour bars mark the new species described here. For specimen information, see Table 1. Numbers refer to bootstrap values, values < 50% not shown.
Figure 10 from: Wesener T (2020) Ecotone shifts in southern Madagascar: first barcoding data and six new species of the endemic millipede genus Riotintobolus (Spirobolida, Pachybolidae). ZooKeys 953: 1-29. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.953.53977
Figure 10 Riotintobolus makayi sp. nov., male holotype (ZFMK MYR939) A multi-layer photograph, anterior body, lateral view B multi-layer photograph, leg pairs 1–7, ventral view C multi-layer photograph, posterior body end with telson D anterior gonopod, anterior view E anterior gonopod, posterior view F right posterior gonopod, anterior view G right posterior gonopod, posterior view. Abbreviations: Apo = apodeme; av = paraprocts; Co = collum (ring 1); Cx = coxite; Gn = gnathochilarium; Md = basal joints of mandible; Pre = epiproct; St = sternite; T = telopodite; x = lateral swollen process; y = opening of efferenct duct; z = apical membranous 'flag'; numbers refer to leg pair or segment number. Scale bars: 1 mm.
Figure 2 from: Wesener T (2020) Ecotone shifts in southern Madagascar: first barcoding data and six new species of the endemic millipede genus Riotintobolus (Spirobolida, Pachybolidae). ZooKeys 953: 1-29. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.953.53977
Figure 2 Distribution of the newly described Riotintobolus species, as well as of the still undescribed species. Vegetation marks modified from Moat and Smith 2007.
Assigning occurrence data to cryptic taxa improves climatic niche assessments: biodecrypt, a new tool tested on European butterflies
<p><b><span>Aim</span></b><br> <span>Occurrence data are fundamental to macroecology, but accuracy is often compromised when multiple units are lumped together (e.g. in recently separated cryptic species or citizen science records). Using amalgamated data leads to inaccuracy in species mapping, to biased beta-diversity assessments and to potentially erroneous</span><span>ly</span><span> predicted responses to climate change. We provide a set of R functions (biodecrypt) to objectively attribute undetermined occurrences to the most probable taxon based on a subset of identified records.</span></p> <p><b><span>Innovation</span></b><br> <span>Biodecrypt assumes </span><span>that unknown occurrences can only be attributed at certain distances from </span><span>areas of </span><span>sympatry. </span><span>The </span><span>function draws concave hulls based on the subset of identified records; subsequently, based on hull geometry, it attributes (or not) unknown records to a given taxon. Concavity can be imposed with an alpha value and sea or land areas can be excluded. A cross-validation function tests attribution reliability and another function optimizes the parameters (alpha, buffer, distance ratio between hulls). We applied the procedure to 16 European butterfly complexes recently separated into 33 cryptic species for which most records were amalgamated. We compared niche similarity and divergence between cryptic taxa, and we re-calculated and </span><span>contributed </span><span>updated </span><span>CLIMBER variables for climatic preferences</span><span>.</span></p> <p><b><span>Main conclusions</span></b><br> Biodecrypt showed a cross-validated correct attribution of known records always ≥98% and attributed more than 80% of unknown records to the most likely taxon in parapatric species. The functions determined where records can be assigned even for largely sympatric species, and highlighted areas where further sampling is required. All the cryptic taxa <span>showed significantly diverging climatic niches, </span>reflected in different values of mean temperature and precipitation compared to the values originally provided in the CLIMBER database. The substantial fraction of cryptic taxa existing across different taxonomic groups and their divergence in climatic niches highlights the importance of using reliably assigned occurrence data in macroecology.</p>
Data From: A new perspective on transient characteristics of quiet stance postural control
<p>Postural control provides insight into health concerns such as fall risk but remains relatively untapped as a vital sign of health. One understudied aspect of postural control involves transient responses within center of pressure (CoP) data to events such as vision occlusion. Such responses are masked by common whole-trial analyses. We hypothesized that the transient behavior of postural control would yield unique and clinically-relevant information for quiet stance compared to traditionally calculated whole-trial CoP estimates. Three experiments were conducted to test different aspects of this central hypothesis.</p> <p>To test whether transient, epoch-based characteristics of CoP estimates provide different information than traditional whole-trial estimates, we investigated correlations between these estimates for a population of young adults performing three 60-second trials of quiet stance with eyes closed. Next, to test if transient behavior is a result of sensory reweighting after eye closure, we compared transient characteristics between eyes closed and eyes open conditions. Finally, to test if there was an effect of age on transient behavior, we compared transient characteristics during eyes closed stance between populations of young and older adults.</p> <p>Negligible correlations were found between transient characteristics and whole-trial estimates (p>0.08), demonstrating limited overlap in information between them. Additionally, transient behavior was exaggerated during eyes closed stance relative to eyes open (p<0.044). Lastly, we found that transient characteristics were able to distinguish between younger and older adults, supporting their clinical relevance (p<0.029).</p> <p>An epoch-based approach captured unique and potentially clinically-relevant postural control information compared to whole-trial estimates. While longer trials may improve the reliability of whole-trial estimates, including a complementary assessment of the initial transient characteristics may provide a more comprehensive characterization of postural control. <br> </p>
Fig. 55. Maximum likelihood tree inferred from ITS2 in Description of a new species of Loxosceles Heineken & Lowe (Araneae, Sicariidae) recluse spiders from Hidalgo, Mexico, under integrative taxonomy: morphological and DNA barcoding data (CO1 + ITS2)
Fig. 55. Maximum likelihood tree inferred from ITS2 gene of species of Loxosceles Heineken & Lowe, 1832 from Mexico. Colors of branches and bars indicate different species. Numbers above bars represent the delimitation methods: 1 = morphology (M); 2 = neighbor joining (NJ); 3–4 = ABGD with initial partitions (IP); 5–7 = ABGD with recursive partitions (RP); 8 = GMYC yule analysis; 9 = GMYC coalescent analysis; 10 = bPTP with ML; 11 = bPTP with IB. Numbers below bars represent species recovered for each delimitation method. Red numbers on branches correspond to Bayesian posterior probabilities, black numbers are bootstrap support values from the ML analysis.
Figs 26–29 in Description of a new species of Loxosceles Heineken & Lowe (Araneae, Sicariidae) recluse spiders from Hidalgo, Mexico, under integrative taxonomy: morphological and DNA barcoding data (CO1 + ITS2)
Figs 26–29. Loxosceles tolantongo sp. nov. 26–27. Caparace of ♂ holotype (CNAN-T01317) and ♀ paratype (CNAN-T01321), respectively. 28–29. ♀ paratype (CNAN-T01321). 28. Seminal receptacles. 29. Genital area, ventral view. Scale bars: 26–27 = 1 mm; 28 = 0.2 mm; 29 = 0.5 mm.
Fig. 52 in Description of a new species of Loxosceles Heineken & Lowe (Araneae, Sicariidae) recluse spiders from Hidalgo, Mexico, under integrative taxonomy: morphological and DNA barcoding data (CO1 + ITS2)
Fig. 52. Neighbor joining tree constructed from CO1 data of nine species of Loxosceles Heineken & Lowe, 1832 from Mexico. Colors of branches indicate different species. Numbers on nodes are bootstrap support values. Red circle at node represents Loxosceles tolantongo sp. nov.
Figs 10–15 in Description of a new species of Loxosceles Heineken & Lowe (Araneae, Sicariidae) recluse spiders from Hidalgo, Mexico, under integrative taxonomy: morphological and DNA barcoding data (CO1 + ITS2)
Figs 10–15. Habitat and microhabitat of Loxosceles tolantongo sp. nov. 10–11. Xerophytic forest from the type locality: Tourist Center Grutas de Tolantongo, Municipality of Cardonal, Hidalgo, Mexico. 12–15. Microhabitat situated 500 m west of entrance No. 5 to the Tourist Center Grutas de Tolantongo, Municipality of Cardonal, Hidalgo, Mexico (arrows indicate the microhabitat where the specimens can be found: under big rocks and inside of rotten and dry agave plants). Photos 10, 12–14 by Claudia Isabel Navarro-Rodríguez (2018); photos 11, 15 by Alejandro Valdez-Mondragón (2018).
Figs. 50–51 in Description of a new species of Loxosceles Heineken & Lowe (Araneae, Sicariidae) recluse spiders from Hidalgo, Mexico, under integrative taxonomy: morphological and DNA barcoding data (CO1 + ITS2)
Figs. 50–51. Distribution records of Loxosceles tolantongo sp. nov. from Hidalgo. 50. Known records of Loxosceles tolantongo sp. nov. from the Tourist Center Grutas de Tolantongo, Municipality of Cardonal, Hidalgo, including the type locality. 51. Distribution records of the four species of Loxosceles from Hidalgo, Mexico. Abbreviations: HGO = Hidalgo; MEX = Estado de Mexico; PUE = Puebla; SLP = San Luis Potosí; VER = Veracruz.
3D Models from Morales, J. I., et al. (2015). "Measuring Retouch Intensity in Lithic Tools: A New Proposal Using 3D Scan Data." Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory 22(2): 543-558.
<p>This document compiles the complete set of 3D models and the measurements used for the experimental work of the paper:</p> <p>Morales, J. I., et al. (2015). "Measuring Retouch Intensity in Lithic Tools: A New Proposal Using 3D Scan Data." Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory 22(2): 543-558.<br> <br> It includes 3D scans from both unmodified and modified flakes (X & Xb). All the flakes produced in this experiment were produced by freehand hard hammer percussion and no specific flaking method was followed. Diferents types of tertiary evaporitic flint described in Soto, M., et al. (2017). "The chert abundance ratio (CAR): a new parameter for interpreting Palaeolithic raw material procurement." J. Archaeol Anthropol Sci. (https://doi.org/10.1007/s12520-017-0516-3) were used.</p> <p> </p>
Figs 16–19 in Description of a new species of Loxosceles Heineken & Lowe (Araneae, Sicariidae) recluse spiders from Hidalgo, Mexico, under integrative taxonomy: morphological and DNA barcoding data (CO1 + ITS2)
Figs 16–19. Loxosceles tolantongo sp. nov. 16–17. Habitus of ♂ holotype (CNAN-T01317), dorsal and ventral views, respectively. 18–19. Habitus of ♀ paratype (CNAN-T01321), dorsal and ventral views, respectively. Scale bars = 2 mm.
Figs 44–49 in Description of a new species of Loxosceles Heineken & Lowe (Araneae, Sicariidae) recluse spiders from Hidalgo, Mexico, under integrative taxonomy: morphological and DNA barcoding data (CO1 + ITS2)
Figs 44–49. Loxosceles jaca Gertsch & Ennik, 1983. 44–46. Left palp, prolateral, dorsal and retrolateral views respectively. 47–49. Detail of the bulb and the embolus: retrolateral, dorsal and apical views, respectively. Scale bars: 44–46 = 0.5 mm; 47–49 = 0.2 mm.
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.