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opencc-by-4.0Nov 2019View details →

Fig. 2 in Geographic range extension of Speke's Hinge-back Tortoise Kinixys spekii Gray, 1863

Fig. 2. Top: Lateral views of adult Kinixys lobatsiana (left) and K. spekii (right). Center: Ventral views of young (SCL 106 mm) and adult (SCL 161 mm) K. lobatsiana (left) and young (SCL 131 mm) and adult (SCL 151 mm) K. spekii (right). Note the strongly serrated posterior marginal scutes in K. lobatsiana compared to the smooth carapace rim in K. spekii. Bottom: Lateral views of adult K. natalensis (left) and young K. spekii (right). Photos: James Harvey and Flora Ihlow.

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2019View details →

Fig. 1. Pelomedusa galeata from the Ratelfontein farm near Calvinia observed directly after rainfall, 16 February 2019 in Mind the gap-Is the distribution range of Pelomedusa galeata really disjunct in western South Africa?

Fig. 1. Pelomedusa galeata from the Ratelfontein farm near Calvinia observed directly after rainfall, 16 February 2019. For the location of the farm, see Fig. 2 (locality 1). Photos: C.A. van Niekerk.

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2019View details →

Fig. 2 in Mind the gap-Is the distribution range of Pelomedusa galeata really disjunct in western South Africa?

Fig. 2. Distribution range of Helmeted Terrapins (shaded in grey), with our records of Pelomedusa galeata in South Africa (white circles). New records of P. galeata in or close to the putative distribution gap: 1 – Nineteen turtles at Ratelfontein farm, near Calvinia (16 February 2019), 2 – Observations of locals at Williston, 3 – Near Carnarvon (shell, collected 25 October 2018), 4 – One terrapin near Beaufort West (4 March 2017), 5 – Two terrapins near Griekwastad (28 October 2018). Inset: Pelomedusa galeata from the Ratelfontein farm. Photo: C.A. van Niekerk.

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2018View details →

Fig. 3 in Range extension and highest elevational populations of Natrix tessellata in Slovakia

Fig. 3. Individuals of Natrix tessellata from the location in Lisková. (A) Adult female dorsal view. (B) Same individual in ventral view. (C) Overall view on juvenile individual. (D) Detail of the head on the same individual.

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2018View details →

Fig. 1 in Range extension and highest elevational populations of Natrix tessellata in Slovakia

Fig. 1. Distribution and range extension of Natrix tessellata in Slovakia. (A) Locations surveyed in the vicinity of Ružomberok and Liptovská Basin. (B) Records of the species in the country. Black line shows cut out area of new locations while (A) is the same area but enlarged. 1 – Ružomberok, 2 – Lisková, 3 – Ružomberok – Rybárpole, 4 – Liptovská Teplá, 5 – Liptovská Mara, 6 – Ružomberok, 7 – Hrboltová, 8 – Hubová, 9 – Stankovany, 10 – Kraľovany, 11 – Vyšné Matejkovo.

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Fig. 2 in Range extension and highest elevational populations of Natrix tessellata in Slovakia

Fig. 2. Locations and habitat of Natrix tessellata near Ružomberok. (A) Location in Ružomberok where the first individuals were observed. (B) (C) (D) View on the habitat near Lisková village.

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2018View details →

Fig. 2 in Host range expansion and increasing damage potential of Euwallacea nr. fornicatus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Florida

Fig. 2. Relationships among host tree diameter, height above ground, and site of attack by Euwallacea nr. fornicatus. Density of beetle entrance holes versus the trunk or branch diameter (A) and the trunk or branch height (B) of host Lysiloma latisiliquum from 4 trees. Mean values topped by the same letter are not significantly different (Tukey's test, P = 0.05).

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2018View details →

Fig. 1 in Host range expansion and increasing damage potential of Euwallacea nr. fornicatus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Florida

Fig. 1. Ambrosia beetle gallery entrances in the trunk of a Lysiloma latisiliquum. Euwallacea nr. fornicatus and Theoborus ricini were the two most abundant species of ambrosia beetle recovered from L. latisiliquum.

Fig. 3 in Host range of the invasive tomato pest Tuta absoluta Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) on solanaceous crops and weeds in Tanzania

Fig. 3. Tuta absoluta-related damage in solanaceous crops and weeds in Tanzania. Damage values are averaged across all survey locations (see Table 1). Damage was quantified as the number of T. absoluta mines per leaf (A) and percentage of T. absoluta-damaged fruits (B) in 10 locations within each sampled field. Six to 12 fields were sampled per crop, and 1 to 3 fields per weed species (see Table 2). Tomato, Solanum lycopersicum; eggplant or aubergine, Solanum melongena; African (Afr.) eggplant, Solanum aethiopicum; African (Afr.) nightshades, Solanum nigrum and Solanum americanum; pepper, Capsicum annuum; and 3 weed species, Datura stramonium, Nicandra physalodes, and Solanum incanum.

Fig. 1 in Host range of the invasive tomato pest Tuta absoluta Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) on solanaceous crops and weeds in Tanzania

Fig. 1. Map of locations surveyed to determine host range and infestation level of Tuta absoluta in solanaceous crops and weeds in 2015. Four districts were targeted, each within the major tomato-producing regions of Tanzania. Within each district, 3 villages (indicated by black circles) were randomly selected for the survey (see Table 1).

Fig. 7 in A study of Cactoblastis cactorum (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in its native range: further insights into life cycle, larval identification, developmental parameters, natural enemies, and damage to the host plant Opuntia ficus-indica (Caryophyllales: Cactaceae)

Fig. 7. Comparison of 3 characteristic forms of damage: (a) hole and feces coming from inside the pad, useful to distinguish pads with Cactoblastis cactorum; (b) typical damage observed in plants that were attacked by C. cactorum; (c) circular black spot fungal damage; (d) map black spot fungal damage.

Fig. 6 in A study of Cactoblastis cactorum (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in its native range: further insights into life cycle, larval identification, developmental parameters, natural enemies, and damage to the host plant Opuntia ficus-indica (Caryophyllales: Cactaceae)

Fig. 6. Proportion of Cactoblastis cactorum infected cladodes parasitized by Apanteles opuntiarum and proportion per cladode of C. cactorum larvae parasitized by A. opuntiarum throughout the yr for sites from Santiago del Estero, Córdoba, and Tucumán provinces. The average and standard deviation of the number of pupae of A. opuntiarum per C. cactorum larvae also is shown.

Fig. 2 in A study of Cactoblastis cactorum (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in its native range: further insights into life cycle, larval identification, developmental parameters, natural enemies, and damage to the host plant Opuntia ficus-indica (Caryophyllales: Cactaceae)

Fig. 2. Description of spots and setae from larval I to VI, shown in the pro- and meso-thoracic segment, and the seventh and anal abdominal segments: D1–2: dorsal setae; SD1–2: subdorsal setae; XD1–2: prothoracic setae; L1–3: lateral setae; SV1–2: subventral setae; PP1: posterior setae; spot "k" in prothorax, "h" in mesothorax, "a" and "c" in the seventh abdominal segment, and anal shield in the tenth and last abdominal segment.

Fig. 5 in A study of Cactoblastis cactorum (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in its native range: further insights into life cycle, larval identification, developmental parameters, natural enemies, and damage to the host plant Opuntia ficus-indica (Caryophyllales: Cactaceae)

Fig. 5. Number of larvae of Cactoblastis cactorum per mo from all sites of Tucumán and the proportion of those that were parasitized by Apanteles.

Fig. 1 in A study of Cactoblastis cactorum (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in its native range: further insights into life cycle, larval identification, developmental parameters, natural enemies, and damage to the host plant Opuntia ficus-indica (Caryophyllales: Cactaceae)

Fig. 1. (a) An eggstick oviposited on a pad of Opuntia ficus indica; (b) Anterior part of the larva exhibiting the cephalic capsule and prothorax starting to sclerotize; (c) Larva II has a dark shield on the prothorax and small macula at the base of each setae in the abdomen; (d) Larva III with bigger maculae with alternating color intensity on successive segments; (e) Larva IV with a white line between the head capsule and prothorax shield; (f) Larva V characterized by almost continuous black rings on the abdomen on an orange-brownish back- ground; (g) Typical bright orange larval VI with the prothorax shield fractured in 2 and apparently continuous black rings; (h) pupa within silk cocoon and naked pupa; Cactoblastis cactorum females (lef) and males (right); females have longer palps (i) than males (j). Both genders are characterized by a transverse line in the distal part of the wings (k, l).

Fig. 3 in A study of Cactoblastis cactorum (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in its native range: further insights into life cycle, larval identification, developmental parameters, natural enemies, and damage to the host plant Opuntia ficus-indica (Caryophyllales: Cactaceae)

Fig. 3. Proportion of individuals of different developmental stages of Cactoblastis cactorum in Tucumán throughout the year. Inside the bars: E = eggsticks, L = larvae, P = pupae.

Fig. 5 in Range expansion of the invasive Tropical House Gecko, Hemidactylus mabouia (Squamata: Gekkonidae), in South America

Fig. 5. Known distribution of Hemidactylus mabouia in South America. Black circles represent literature data (most previous records) and red circles indicate the location of new records in Peru (2008–2019). Other relatively recent records in Peru (1989– 1999) are from the San Martin and Huánuco regions (yellow triangle and square). Recent records from coastal Ecuador are indicated with yellow diamonds. The color scheme of the map represents the elevation in m asl (see legend on the right).

Fig. 4. A in Range expansion of the invasive Tropical House Gecko, Hemidactylus mabouia (Squamata: Gekkonidae), in South America

Fig. 4. A consensus Bayesian phylogeny based on 474 bp of aligned mitochondrial sequences (16s rRNA gene). Posterior probability values are shown on nodes. The arrow indicates the specimen from central Peru (MUSM 33241; Field Nbr. RvM64–14).

Fig. 1 in Range expansion of the invasive Tropical House Gecko, Hemidactylus mabouia (Squamata: Gekkonidae), in South America

Fig. 1. Dorsal views of head (A), midbody (B), and tail (C) of adult female of Hemidactylus mabouia (MUSM 33241; Field Nbr. RvM64–14) collected in Chanchamayo, Peru. Dorsal views of head (D), midbody (E), and tail (F) of adult female Hemidactylus frenatus (MVZ 73664) collected in Bataan Province, Philippines. Photographs by Rudolf von May.

Fig. 2 in Range expansion of the invasive Tropical House Gecko, Hemidactylus mabouia (Squamata: Gekkonidae), in South America

Fig. 2. Dorsal views of adult male Hemidactylus mabouia (CORBIDI 6276) collected in Loreto (Genaro Herrera, Requena Province), Peru (A). Dorsal view of juvenile Hemidactylus mabouia (CORBIDI 15363) collected in Lima (Surquillo, Lima Province), Peru (B). Lateral view of body (C) and head (D), ventral view of head and body (E), and ventral view of right hand (F) of the same individual (CORBIDI 15363). Photographs by Pablo Venegas (A) and Germán Chávez (B–F).