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FIGURE 8 in Two new species of Pseudocrangonyx (Amphipoda: Pseudocrangonyctidae) from the hyporheic zones in South Korea

FIGURE 8. Pseudocrangonyx danyangensis sp. nov., holotype female, NNIBRIV69645. A, gnathopod 1, lateral view; B, gnathopod 2, lateral view; C, pereopod 3, lateral view; D, dactylus of pereopod 3, lateral view; E, pereopod 4, lateral view; F, dactylus of pereopod 4, lateral view; G, pereopod 5, lateral view; H, dactylus of pereopod 5, lateral view; I, pereopod 6, lateral view; J, dactylus of pereopod 6, lateral view; K, pereopod 7, lateral view; L, dactylus of pereopod 7, lateral view.

FIGURE 6 in Two new species of Pseudocrangonyx (Amphipoda: Pseudocrangonyctidae) from the hyporheic zones in South Korea

FIGURE 6. Pseudocrangonyx seomjinensis sp. nov., paratype male, NNIBRIV69643. A, antenna 1, medial view; B, accessory flagellum of antenna 1, medial view; C, antenna 2, medial view; D, calceolus of antenna 2, medial view; E, gnathopod 1, lateral view; F, gnathopod 2, lateral view; G, uropod 1, dorsal view; H, uropod 2, dorsal view; I, uropod 3, ventral view; J, telson, dorsal view.

FIGURE 3 in Two new species of Pseudocrangonyx (Amphipoda: Pseudocrangonyctidae) from the hyporheic zones in South Korea

FIGURE 3. Pseudocrangonyx seomjinensis sp. nov., holotype female, NNIBRIV69642, A–C, G–J; paratype male, NNIBRIV69643, D; paratype female, NNIBRIV69641, E, F. A, antenna 1, medial view; B, accessory flagellum of antenna 1, medial view; C, antenna 2, lateral view; D, upper lip, posterior view; E, right mandible, medial view; F, incisor, lacinia mobilis of left mandible, medial view; G, lower lip, dorsal view; H, maxilla 1, dorsal view; I, maxilla 2, ventral view; J, maxilliped, ventral view.

FIGURE 5 in Two new species of Pseudocrangonyx (Amphipoda: Pseudocrangonyctidae) from the hyporheic zones in South Korea

FIGURE 5. Pseudocrangonyx seomjinensis sp. nov., holotype female, NNIBRIV69642. A–C, pleopod 1–3, lateral view; D, uropod 1, ventral view; E, uropod 2, ventral view; F, uropod 3, dorsal view; G, telson, ventral view.

FIGURE 2 in Two new species of Pseudocrangonyx (Amphipoda: Pseudocrangonyctidae) from the hyporheic zones in South Korea

FIGURE 2. Habitus of two new species. A, Pseudocrangonyx seomjinensis sp. nov.; B, Pseudocrangonyx danyangensis sp. nov..

FIGURE 4 in Two new species of Pseudocrangonyx (Amphipoda: Pseudocrangonyctidae) from the hyporheic zones in South Korea

FIGURE 4. Pseudocrangonyx seomjinensis sp. nov., holotype female, NNIBRIV69642. A, gnathopod 1, lateral view; B, gnathopod 2, lateral view; C, pereopod 3, lateral view; D, dactylus of pereopod 3, lateral view; E, pereopod 4, lateral view; F, dactylus of pereopod 4, lateral view; G, pereopod 5, lateral view; H, dactylus of pereopod 5, lateral view; I, pereopod 6, lateral view; J, dactylus of pereopod 6, lateral view; K, pereopod 7, lateral view.

opennotspecifiedMar 2024View details →

FIGURE 2 in Nine new species of the genus Pholcus Walckenaer (Araneae: Pholcidae) from South Korea

FIGURE 2. Male chelicerae of new Pholcus species (A, C, E, G, I, K, M, O, Q: frontal view, B, D, F, H, J, L, N, P, R: lateral view). A–B, P. chugok Lee & Lee, sp. nov.; C–D, P. noeun Lee & Lee, sp. nov.; E–F, P. wonju Lee & Lee, sp. nov.; G–H, P. ungyo Lee & Lee, sp. nov.; I–J, P. hwangjeong Lee & Lee, sp. nov.; K–L, P. gimsatgat Lee & Lee, sp. nov.; M–N, P. solchi Lee & Lee, sp. nov.; O–P, P. mino Lee & Lee, sp. nov.; Q–R, P. maepo Lee & Lee, sp. nov. Scale bars=0.25mm.

opennotspecifiedMar 2024View details →

FIGURE 1 in Nine new species of the genus Pholcus Walckenaer (Araneae: Pholcidae) from South Korea

FIGURE 1. Habitus of new Pholcus species, dorsal view (A, C, E, G, I, K, M, O, Q: male, B, D, F, H, J, L, N, P, R: female). A–B, P. chugok Lee & Lee, sp. nov.; C–D, P. noeun Lee & Lee, sp. nov.; E–F, P. wonju Lee & Lee, sp. nov.; G–H, P. ungyo Lee & Lee, sp. nov.; I–J, P. hwangjeong Lee & Lee, sp. nov.; K–L, P. gimsatgat Lee & Lee, sp. nov.; M–N, P. solchi Lee & Lee, sp. nov.; O–P, P. mino Lee & Lee, sp. nov.; Q–R, P. maepo Lee & Lee, sp. nov. Scale bars=1mm.

Distribution. Wide distribution in the Palearctic: from Europe to Russian Far East, North and South Korea, and Japan; also N Africa, Middle East, C Asia, Sub-Himalayan zone, S India, Sri Lanka, C, E & S China, Taiwan, Indochina, and Sumatra. in Mustelidae

Distribution. Wide distribution in the Palearctic: from Europe to Russian Far East, North and South Korea, and Japan; also N Africa, Middle East, C Asia, Sub-Himalayan zone, S India, Sri Lanka, C, E & S China, Taiwan, Indochina, and Sumatra.

Subspecies and Distribution. M. n. nivalis Linnaeus, 1766 — China, North and South Korea, Mongolia, Russia, Taiwan, and Scandinavia. M. n. allegheniensis Rhoads, 1900 — NE USA (Allegheny Mts W to Wisconsin). M. n. boccamela Bechstein, 1800 — Corsica, Italy, Portugal, Sardinia, Sicily, and Spain. M. n. campestris Jackson, 1913 — C Great Plains, USA. M. n. eskimo Stone, 1900 — Alaska and NW Canada (Yukon). M. n. namiyer Kuroda, 1921 — Japan and the Kurile Is. M. n. numidica Pucheran, 1855 — N Africa. M. n. rnixosa Bangs, 1896 — Canada and N Great Plains of USA. M. n. vulgaris Erxleben, 1777 = W & C Europe and most of C Eurasia. Introduced to New Zealand, Malta, Crete, the Azores Is, and apparently also Sao Tome I. in Mustelidae

Subspecies and Distribution. M. n. nivalis Linnaeus, 1766 — China, North and South Korea, Mongolia, Russia, Taiwan, and Scandinavia. M. n. allegheniensis Rhoads, 1900 — NE USA (Allegheny Mts W to Wisconsin). M. n. boccamela Bechstein, 1800 — Corsica, Italy, Portugal, Sardinia, Sicily, and Spain. M. n. campestris Jackson, 1913 — C Great Plains, USA. M. n. eskimo Stone, 1900 — Alaska and NW Canada (Yukon). M. n. namiyer Kuroda, 1921 — Japan and the Kurile Is. M. n. numidica Pucheran, 1855 — N Africa. M. n. rnixosa Bangs, 1896 — Canada and N Great Plains of USA. M. n. vulgaris Erxleben, 1777 = W & C Europe and most of C Eurasia. Introduced to New Zealand, Malta, Crete, the Azores Is, and apparently also Sao Tome I.

Distribution. Bhutan, China, India, Japan (Hokkaido), North and South Korea, Nepal, Laos, Mongolia, N Myanmar, Russia, Taiwan, and N Thailand. Introduced to several Japanese islands (Honshu, Kyushu & Shikoku Is). in Mustelidae

Distribution. Bhutan, China, India, Japan (Hokkaido), North and South Korea, Nepal, Laos, Mongolia, N Myanmar, Russia, Taiwan, and N Thailand. Introduced to several Japanese islands (Honshu, Kyushu & Shikoku Is).

Subspecies and Distribution. M..l. leucurus Hodgson, 1847 — C, E & S China.. M. l. amurensis Schrenck, 1859 — NE China (Manchuria), Kazakhstan, Mongolia, North and South Korea, and Russia (E of Volga River). in Mustelidae

Subspecies and Distribution. M..l. leucurus Hodgson, 1847 — C, E & S China.. M. l. amurensis Schrenck, 1859 — NE China (Manchuria), Kazakhstan, Mongolia, North and South Korea, and Russia (E of Volga River).

Subspecies and Distribution. M. m. melampus Wagner, 1841 — Japan (Honshu, Kyushu, Shikoku Is). M. m. coreensis Kuroda & Mori, 1923 — North and South Korea. M. m. tsuensis Thomas, 1897 — Japan (Tsushima I). Introduced on Sado and Hokkaido Is. in Mustelidae

Subspecies and Distribution. M. m. melampus Wagner, 1841 — Japan (Honshu, Kyushu, Shikoku Is). M. m. coreensis Kuroda & Mori, 1923 — North and South Korea. M. m. tsuensis Thomas, 1897 — Japan (Tsushima I). Introduced on Sado and Hokkaido Is.

Subspecies and Distribution. M. f. flavigula Boddaert, 1785 — Bangladesh, Bhutan, C, E & S China, India, Nepal, and Pakistan. M. f. borealis Radde, 1862 — NE China, North and South Korea, and Russia. M. f. chrysospila Swinhoe, 1866 — Taiwan. M. f. indochinensis Kloss, 1916 — Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam. M. f. perunsularis Bonhote, 1901 — Borneo, Malay Peninsula, and Sumatra. M. f. robinsoni Pocock, 1936 — Java. in Mustelidae

Subspecies and Distribution. M. f. flavigula Boddaert, 1785 — Bangladesh, Bhutan, C, E & S China, India, Nepal, and Pakistan. M. f. borealis Radde, 1862 — NE China, North and South Korea, and Russia. M. f. chrysospila Swinhoe, 1866 — Taiwan. M. f. indochinensis Kloss, 1916 — Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam. M. f. perunsularis Bonhote, 1901 — Borneo, Malay Peninsula, and Sumatra. M. f. robinsoni Pocock, 1936 — Java.

opennotspecifiedAug 2011View details →

Subspecies and Distribution. S. s. scrofa Linnaeus, 1758 — W Europe, from Denmark, Germany, Poland, and Czech Republic to N Italy and N Iberian Peninsula; possibly also Albania. The taxonomic status of animals in Austria, Switzerland, Slovenia, and Slovakia is unclear but presumably these populations are included in scrofa, as are the populations of Sweden, Finland, and the Baltic states. However, restocking of once depleted populations, for example in Italy, has likely involved the introduction and mixing of this subspecies with other subspecies, such as attila. S. s. affinis Gray, 1847 — S India and Sri Lanka. S. s. algirus Loche, 1867 — Tunisia, Algeria, and Morocco, on the coastal side of the mountains or in the low montane areas. S. s. attila Thomas, 1912 — Hungary, Ukraine, C & S Belarus, Romania, Moldova, and S Russia towards the N flank of the Caucasus, but not including the Transcaucasian countries of Georgia, Armenia, and Azerbaijan. The range possibly extends as far S as the Mesopotamian Delta in Iraq, in which case it would likely include W & SW Iran, and possibly E Turkey and Syria, where it borders with lybicus. Such a range could not be easily reconciled with a statement by Groves that "the difference between pigs from N and S of the Caucasus is quite striking; Transcaucasian boars are certainly not attila." This subspecies may also extend into C Asia and include Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan, but no data exist to support this. S. s. baeticus Thomas, 1912 — originally described from Coto Donana, S Spain, and later merged with meridionalis; also S Portugal. Unless evidence is found that these Italian and Iberian populations are the relics of a much larger formerly contiguous range, this subspecies should be kept as distinct. S. s. coreanus Heude, 1897 — Korean Peninsula. S. s. eristatus Wagner, 1839 — Himalayas S to C India and E to Indochina (N of the Kra Isthmus). S. s. davidi Groves, 1981 — the arid zone from E Iran to Gujarat, including Pakistan and NW India, and perhaps N to Tajikistan. S. s. leucomystax Temminck, 1842 — main Is ofJapan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Nakadori, Hiburijima, Tojima, Kushima, and other smaller Is). S. s. lybicus Gray, 1868 — Bulgaria, Greece, Turkey, Syria, Jordan, Israel, Palestine, in the past also in Lybia, and Egypt. The former Yugoslavia was included in its range, which would suggest that now Slovenia, Serbia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, and Kosovo are within the range of this subspecies, although the exact boundaries are unclear. Pigs from Albania have been assigned to S. s. scrofa. S. s. majori De Beaux & Festa, 1927 — C & S Italian Peninsula. S. s. menidionalis Forsyth Major, 1882 — Corsica and Sardinia, with the proviso that the two populations are very likely to be introduced or feral. S. s. moupinensis Milne-Edwards, 1871 — China, S to Vietnam and W to Sichuan. S. s. nigripes Blanford, 1875 — the flanks of the Tianshan mountains in Kyrgyzstan and NW China (Xinjiang). An animal photographed in NE Iran (Golestan) looked like this subspecies. S. s. nukiuanus Kuroda, 1924 — Iriomote, Ishigaki, Okinawa, Tokunoshima, Amamioshima, and Kakerome Is in the Ryukyu chain in extreme S Japan, though some of these populations have hybridized with introduced domesticates. S. s. sibiricus Staffe, 1922 — Mongolia and Transbaikal (S & E of Lake Baikal). S. s. tawvanus Swinhoe, 1863 — Taiwan. S. s. ussuricus Heude, 1888 — far E Russia and the Manchurian region (China). Korean populations were previously included in this subspecies, but based on new evidence, the Korean taxon seems more similar to moupinensis. S. s. vittatus Boie, 1828 — Malay Peninsula, S of the Isthmus of Kra, the offshore islands of Terutai and Langkawi, Sumatra, Riau Archipelago, Java, Bali, and a range of smaller islands around these, including Babi, Bakong, Batam, Bawean, Bengkalis, Bintan, Bulan, Bunguran, Cuyo, Deli, Durian, Enggano, Galang, Jambongan, Karimon (Riau Is), Kundur, Lagong, Laut, Lingga, Lingung, Mapor, Moro Kecil, North Pagai, Nias, Panaitan, Payong, Penang, Pinie, Rupat, Siantan, Siberut, Simeulue, Singkep, Sugi, Sugi Bawa, Telibon, Tinggi, Tuangku, and the Tambelan Is. This species was originally present from the British Is in the extreme W, through Eurasia from S Scandinavia to S Siberia, extending as far E as Korea and Japan, and SE into some of the Sunda Is and Taiwan. In the S the species ranged along the Nile Valley to Khartoum, and N of the Sahara in Africa, more orless following the continental coasts of S, E, and SE Asia. Within this range it was absent only from extremely dry deserts, e.g. the driest regions of Mongolia and in China W of Sichuan; and alpine zones, such as the high altitudes of Pamir and Tien Shan. In recent centuries, the range of S. scrofa has changed dramatically because of hunting and changes in available habitat. The species disappeared from the British Is in the 17" century, from Denmark in the 19" century, and was greatly reduced in range and numbers in the 20" century from areas as distant as Tunisia, Sudan, Germany, and Russia. Following these severe declines, there were some slight population recoveries in Russia, Italy, Spain, and Germany in the mid-20™ century, and natural and assisted range expansions in Denmark and Sweden. The species has also been inadvertently reintroduced in various locations in the Great Britain via escapees of mixed origin from commercial farming enterprises. Ex-S. scrofa stocks also occur as introduced feral populations in various other parts of the world, including Australia, New Zealand, the eastern Malay Archipelago, and in North, Central, and South America. In all of these areas they are now generally recognized as a major pest. in Suidae

Subspecies and Distribution. S. s. scrofa Linnaeus, 1758 — W Europe, from Denmark, Germany, Poland, and Czech Republic to N Italy and N Iberian Peninsula; possibly also Albania. The taxonomic status of animals in Austria, Switzerland, Slovenia, and Slovakia is unclear but presumably these populations are included in scrofa, as are the populations of Sweden, Finland, and the Baltic states. However, restocking of once depleted populations, for example in Italy, has likely involved the introduction and mixing of this subspecies with other subspecies, such as attila. S. s. affinis Gray, 1847 — S India and Sri Lanka. S. s. algirus Loche, 1867 — Tunisia, Algeria, and Morocco, on the coastal side of the mountains or in the low montane areas. S. s. attila Thomas, 1912 — Hungary, Ukraine, C & S Belarus, Romania, Moldova, and S Russia towards the N flank of the Caucasus, but not including the Transcaucasian countries of Georgia, Armenia, and Azerbaijan. The range possibly extends as far S as the Mesopotamian Delta in Iraq, in which case it would likely include W & SW Iran, and possibly E Turkey and Syria, where it borders with lybicus. Such a range could not be easily reconciled with a statement by Groves that "the difference between pigs from N and S of the Caucasus is quite striking; Transcaucasian boars are certainly not attila." This subspecies may also extend into C Asia and include Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan, but no data exist to support this. S. s. baeticus Thomas, 1912 — originally described from Coto Donana, S Spain, and later merged with meridionalis; also S Portugal. Unless evidence is found that these Italian and Iberian populations are the relics of a much larger formerly contiguous range, this subspecies should be kept as distinct. S. s. coreanus Heude, 1897 — Korean Peninsula. S. s. eristatus Wagner, 1839 — Himalayas S to C India and E to Indochina (N of the Kra Isthmus). S. s. davidi Groves, 1981 — the arid zone from E Iran to Gujarat, including Pakistan and NW India, and perhaps N to Tajikistan. S. s. leucomystax Temminck, 1842 — main Is ofJapan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Nakadori, Hiburijima, Tojima, Kushima, and other smaller Is). S. s. lybicus Gray, 1868 — Bulgaria, Greece, Turkey, Syria, Jordan, Israel, Palestine, in the past also in Lybia, and Egypt. The former Yugoslavia was included in its range, which would suggest that now Slovenia, Serbia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, and Kosovo are within the range of this subspecies, although the exact boundaries are unclear. Pigs from Albania have been assigned to S. s. scrofa. S. s. majori De Beaux & Festa, 1927 — C & S Italian Peninsula. S. s. menidionalis Forsyth Major, 1882 — Corsica and Sardinia, with the proviso that the two populations are very likely to be introduced or feral. S. s. moupinensis Milne-Edwards, 1871 — China, S to Vietnam and W to Sichuan. S. s. nigripes Blanford, 1875 — the flanks of the Tianshan mountains in Kyrgyzstan and NW China (Xinjiang). An animal photographed in NE Iran (Golestan) looked like this subspecies. S. s. nukiuanus Kuroda, 1924 — Iriomote, Ishigaki, Okinawa, Tokunoshima, Amamioshima, and Kakerome Is in the Ryukyu chain in extreme S Japan, though some of these populations have hybridized with introduced domesticates. S. s. sibiricus Staffe, 1922 — Mongolia and Transbaikal (S & E of Lake Baikal). S. s. tawvanus Swinhoe, 1863 — Taiwan. S. s. ussuricus Heude, 1888 — far E Russia and the Manchurian region (China). Korean populations were previously included in this subspecies, but based on new evidence, the Korean taxon seems more similar to moupinensis. S. s. vittatus Boie, 1828 — Malay Peninsula, S of the Isthmus of Kra, the offshore islands of Terutai and Langkawi, Sumatra, Riau Archipelago, Java, Bali, and a range of smaller islands around these, including Babi, Bakong, Batam, Bawean, Bengkalis, Bintan, Bulan, Bunguran, Cuyo, Deli, Durian, Enggano, Galang, Jambongan, Karimon (Riau Is), Kundur, Lagong, Laut, Lingga, Lingung, Mapor, Moro Kecil, North Pagai, Nias, Panaitan, Payong, Penang, Pinie, Rupat, Siantan, Siberut, Simeulue, Singkep, Sugi, Sugi Bawa, Telibon, Tinggi, Tuangku, and the Tambelan Is. This species was originally present from the British Is in the extreme W, through Eurasia from S Scandinavia to S Siberia, extending as far E as Korea and Japan, and SE into some of the Sunda Is and Taiwan. In the S the species ranged along the Nile Valley to Khartoum, and N of the Sahara in Africa, more orless following the continental coasts of S, E, and SE Asia. Within this range it was absent only from extremely dry deserts, e.g. the driest regions of Mongolia and in China W of Sichuan; and alpine zones, such as the high altitudes of Pamir and Tien Shan. In recent centuries, the range of S. scrofa has changed dramatically because of hunting and changes in available habitat. The species disappeared from the British Is in the 17" century, from Denmark in the 19" century, and was greatly reduced in range and numbers in the 20" century from areas as distant as Tunisia, Sudan, Germany, and Russia. Following these severe declines, there were some slight population recoveries in Russia, Italy, Spain, and Germany in the mid-20™ century, and natural and assisted range expansions in Denmark and Sweden. The species has also been inadvertently reintroduced in various locations in the Great Britain via escapees of mixed origin from commercial farming enterprises. Ex-S. scrofa stocks also occur as introduced feral populations in various other parts of the world, including Australia, New Zealand, the eastern Malay Archipelago, and in North, Central, and South America. In all of these areas they are now generally recognized as a major pest.

FIGURE 4 in A new species of fossil Calosoma (Coleoptera: Carabidae) from the Geumgwangdong Formation (Early Miocene), South Korea

FIGURE 4. Calosoma kimi sp. nov. paratype (GNUE-311002). (a). Photograph of the specimen. (b). Sketch of the specimen.

FIGURE 3 in A new species of fossil Calosoma (Coleoptera: Carabidae) from the Geumgwangdong Formation (Early Miocene), South Korea

FIGURE 3. Calosoma kimi sp. nov. holotype (GNUE-311001). (a). Photograph of the specimen. (b). Sketch of the specimen.

FIGURE 6 in A new species of fossil Calosoma (Coleoptera: Carabidae) from the Geumgwangdong Formation (Early Miocene), South Korea

FIGURE 6. Scales on elytron of C. kimi sp. nov. Scales on the above represents a checkered patterns. Scales on the bottom represents an overlapping patterns.

FIGURE 1 in A new species of fossil Calosoma (Coleoptera: Carabidae) from the Geumgwangdong Formation (Early Miocene), South Korea

FIGURE 1. Map of the study area. (Map resource: https://data.kigam.re.kr/mgeo/map/main.do?process=geology_tree. Login is required.).

FIGURE 5 in A new species of fossil Calosoma (Coleoptera: Carabidae) from the Geumgwangdong Formation (Early Miocene), South Korea

FIGURE 5. The apex of the wing of C.kimi sp. nov. paratype (GNUE-311002). (a). Photograph of the 10th to 14th interval connection patterns. (b). Sketch of the 10th to 14th interval connection patterns. (c). Photograph of the 5th to 7th interval connection patterns. (d). Sketch of the 5th to 7th interval connection patterns.