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Fig. 4 in Recurrent volcanic activity recorded in araucarian wood from the Lower Cretaceous Springhill Formation, Patagonia, Argentina: Palaeoenvironmental interpretations

Fig. 4. XRD and SEM/EDS mineralogical and chemical analysis of Agathoxylon mendezii sp. nov. (MPMPB15596), Estancia El Álamo, Santa Cruz Province, Argentina, Berriasian–Valanginian. A. XRD pattern of the bulk sample showing quartz composition of the trunk. B. XRD pattern of the clay fraction showing no presence of clay minerals in the trunk. C, D. SEM of crossfield pits and tracheids in radial section. Note that quadrangular and rectangular areas correspond to the spot analysis shown in E–I. E–I. EDS patterns of xylem elements. E. Parenchyma ray cell wall. F. Inner aperture in crossfield pits. G, H. Tracheids cell walls. I. Tracheid pit cavity. All the EDS patterns are showing Si and O components.

Fig. 8 in Recurrent volcanic activity recorded in araucarian wood from the Lower Cretaceous Springhill Formation, Patagonia, Argentina: Palaeoenvironmental interpretations

Fig. 8. Araucarian wood Agathoxylon mendezii sp. nov. (MPMPB15596), Estancia El Álamo, Santa Cruz Province, Argentina, Berriasian–Valanginian. Radial sections observed under SEM. A. General aspect showing ray cells (arrow), crossfields pits (circle), axial tracheids (arrowhead). B. Detail of tracheids with uniseriate, and contiguous pits, arrow shows transition from biseriate to uniseriate pit rows. C. Detail of tracheids with biseriate, contiguous, and alternate to subopposite pits. Scale bars: A, B, 200 µm; C, 100 µm.

Fig. 3 in Recurrent volcanic activity recorded in araucarian wood from the Lower Cretaceous Springhill Formation, Patagonia, Argentina: Palaeoenvironmental interpretations

Fig. 3. Trunk location in the tectostratigraphic framework of the initial infilling of the AustralMagallanes Basin, from the rift stage to the beginning of the foreland stage (modified from Poiré et al. 2017). Not to scale.

Fig. 2 in Recurrent volcanic activity recorded in araucarian wood from the Lower Cretaceous Springhill Formation, Patagonia, Argentina: Palaeoenvironmental interpretations

Fig. 2. Outcrops of the Springhill Formation in the Estancia El Álamo locality. A. Panoramic view of the Springhill Formation outcrop overlying the El Quemado Complex. B. Polymictic conglomerate beds with a sandstone bed intercalation, Springhill Formation. C. Detail of the polymictic conglomerate with siliceous (S) and volcanic (V) clasts. D. Pyroclastic (P) and siliceous (S) clasts in the conglomerate.

Fig. 7 in Recurrent volcanic activity recorded in araucarian wood from the Lower Cretaceous Springhill Formation, Patagonia, Argentina: Palaeoenvironmental interpretations

Fig. 7. Araucarian wood Agathoxylon mendezii sp. nov. (MPMPB15596), Estancia El Álamo, Santa Cruz Province, Argentina, Berriasian–Valanginian. Transverse sections observed under LM. A. General aspect showing numerous, at least five frost rings (brackets). B, C. Detail of frost rings. B. Two frost rings. Note normal and rectilinear trajectory of rays (arrows) alternate with more sinuous and distended rays (arrowheads). C. Detail of frost ring cell layers, from inside to outside. Note normal tracheids that gradually grade into irregular shaped tracheids (bar) followed by a dark layer of collapsed dead cells (arrow) followed by a layer of distorted axial tracheids difficult to recognise individually. Also note dark contents in lumen cells. Scale bars: A, 3 mm; B, 1.5 mm; C, 150 µm.

Fig. 6 in Recurrent volcanic activity recorded in araucarian wood from the Lower Cretaceous Springhill Formation, Patagonia, Argentina: Palaeoenvironmental interpretations

Fig. 6. Araucarian wood Agathoxylon mendezii sp. nov. (MPMPB15596), Estancia El Álamo, Santa Cruz Province, Argentina, Berriasian–Valanginian. Wood sections observed under LM. A–C. Transverse view. A. Slightly marked growth ring (arrows). B. Detail of growth ring, arrow shows layers of rectangularflattened latewood tracheids. C. Detail of earlywood tracheids and rectilinear trajectory of rays (arrow). D–G. Longitudinal tangential view. D. General aspect, arrows indicate partially biseriate rays. E–G. Details of biseriate rays (arrows), arrowhead shows resin plugs. Scale bars: A, 500 µm; B, C, 150 µm; D–G, 100 µm.

Fig. 10 in Recurrent volcanic activity recorded in araucarian wood from the Lower Cretaceous Springhill Formation, Patagonia, Argentina: Palaeoenvironmental interpretations

Fig. 10. Hypothetical scenario in the Estancia El Álamo locality (Santa Cruz Province, Argentina, Berriasian–Valanginian) following volcanic disturbances. A. Preeruption stage. Seedlings, juvenile, and mature trees of Agathoxylon mendezii sp. nov. growing in a warm almost subtropical palaeoenvironment. Note volcanoes in the distance. Photo shows wood with slightly growth ring. B. Initial eruption stage. Volcanoes begin to eject silicate dust and sulfur compounds into the stratosphere. C. Climax eruption stage. Aerosol layer thickness is markedly increased producing the decrease of the surface air temperature below subzero values. Photo shows wood damaged by frost. D. Posteruption stage. Volcanoes activity begins to cease and temperature begins to rise to original values.

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Figure 4. Specific glutathione S-transferase activity changes toward 1 in Confirmation and differential metabolism associated with quinclorac resistance in smooth crabgrass (Digitorio ischoemum)

Figure 4. Specific glutathione S-transferase activity changes toward 1-chloro-2,4- dinitrobenzene in Digitorio ischoemum tissues after (A) 0.84 kg quinclorac ha−1 or (B) 7.56 kg quinclorac ha−1. Data were expressed as a percentage change of the nontreated. Values are presented as mean ± SE. Error bars indicate the standard error of the mean. R, resistant; S, susceptible.

Figure 1 in Glufosinate enhances the activity of protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitors

Figure 1. Glufosinate reshapes the levels of amino acids in Amaranthus palmeri. Levels of glutamine, glutamate, proline, and arginine in untreated (gray) and glufosinate-treated (blue) plants at 24 h after treatment (A). Levels of glutamate over time in untreated (gray) and glufosinate-treated (blue) plants (B). Asterisks (*) indicate means are significantly different by t-test (P <0.05) between untreated and glufosinate-treated within each amino acid or time point. Error bars represent the standard deviations of the means.

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Figure 2. Flufenacet degradation 24 h in Flufenacet activity is affected by GST inhibitors in blackgrass (Alopecurus myosuroides) populations with reduced flufenacet sensitivity and higher expression levels of GSTs

Figure 2. Flufenacet degradation 24 h after treatment with different inhibitors in the sensitive Alopecurus myosuroides population Herbiseed-S (A) and population Kehdingen1 with reduced flufenacet efficacy (B). Different letters indicate significant differences in flufenacet degradation between treatments,and asterisks (*) indicate significant differences between the two populations for each treatment (P ≤ 0.05).

Figure 5 in Glufosinate enhances the activity of protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitors

Figure 5. Glufosinate enhances the activity of protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO) inhibitors in the field. Performance of glufosinate and PPO-inhibiting herbicides applied individually or in tank mix on Bassia scoparia. Gluf, glufosinate; flumi, flumioxazin; saflu, saflufenacil; pyraflu, pyraflufen; lact, lactofen; fome, fomesafen. Means followed by the same letter do not differ according to Tukey's test (P <0.05). Error bars represent the standard deviations of the means.

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Figure 4 in Flufenacet activity is affected by GST inhibitors in blackgrass (Alopecurus myosuroides) populations with reduced flufenacet sensitivity and higher expression levels of GSTs

Figure 4. Expression of three tau-class glutathione transferases (GST1, GST2,GST3), two phi-class GSTs (GST4, GST5), and a theta-class isoform (GST6) differentially expressed in the sensitive Alopecurus myosuroides populations Herbiseed-S and Appel-S and the populations Kehdingen1 and Kehdingen2 with reduced flufenacet efficacy. Different letters indicate significant differences between populations (false discovery rate ≤ 0.05). TMM, trimmed mean of M values.

Figure 4 in Glufosinate enhances the activity of protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitors

Figure 4. Glufosinate + saflufenacil is toxic to glufosinate-resistant soybean due to a transient accumulation of glutamate and subsequent protoporphyrin accumulation. Visual injury (A) and protoporphyrin accumulation (B) in glufosinate-susceptible (red) and glufosinate-resistant (blue) soybean following glufosinate and saflufenacil treatments. Glufosinate (C) and glutamate (D) levels in glufosinate-susceptible (gray) and glufosinate-resistant (blue) soybean following glufosinate (280 g ha−1) treatment. Asterisks (*) indicate means are significantly different by t-test (P <0.05) between soybean varieties or time point. Error bars represent the standard deviations of the means. HAT, hours after treatment.

Figure 2 in Glufosinate enhances the activity of protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitors

Figure 2. Enhanced herbicidal activity with glufosinate and saflufenacil. Dose response for glufosinate (A) and saflufenacil (B) in Amaranthus palmeri. Isobole analysis for the combination between the two herbicides in different proportions (C). The graph shows the proportion of each herbicide to achieve 50% reduction in dry biomass (ED50). If no synergism had been observed for the two compounds, data points were expected to fall into the red dashed line (additive effect).The concave shape of the isobole curve indicates high levels of synergism between the two herbicides. Error bars represent the standard deviations of the means.

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2020View details →

Figure 1 in Flufenacet activity is affected by GST inhibitors in blackgrass (Alopecurus myosuroides) populations with reduced flufenacet sensitivity and higher expression levels of GSTs

Figure 1. Dose–response analysis of the fresh weight of four Alopecurus myosuroides populations treated with different dose rates of flufenacet estimated using a threeparameter log-logistic model (see Equation 1).

Figure 7 in Glufosinate enhances the activity of protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitors

Figure 7. Visual observation and the physiological basis of the synergistic effect between glufosinate and protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO) inhibitors on Amaranthus palmeri. Glutamate is the precursor for the biosynthesis of glutamine,arginine,proline,and chlorophyll.Inhibition of glutamine synthetase (GS) diverges the fate of glutamate into proline/arginine and chlorophyll biosynthetic pathways. Inhibition of both GS and PPO leads to increased protoporphyrin accumulation and subsequent formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Figure 6 in Glufosinate enhances the activity of protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitors

Figure 6. Saflufenacil (Saflu) at 1 g ha−1 can overcome the lack of efficacy by glufosinate (Gluf) at 280 g ha−1 on Amaranthus palmeri under low temperature and humidity. Visual injury provided with glufosinate + saflufenacil compared with the two herbicides applied individually at high (A) and low (B) temperature and humidity.Means with the same letter do not differ according to Tukey's test (P <0.05). Error bars represent the standard deviations of the means.

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2024View details →

Dataset for "Electrodeposited p-Cu2O Films – Role of Redox-Active Compounds Under Photoelectrochemical Operation Revisited"

<p>The p-type semiconducting copper oxides CuO and Cu2O are of interest for the conversion of solar energy due to their medium wide bandgap. The position of their conduction band should allow for reductive processes in junctions with electrolytes under irradiation. In this work, on Cu2O, the efficiency of several such processes in competition with self-reduction was studied.<br>Thin films of Cu2O were synthesised via potentiostatic electrodeposition on FTO (fluorine doped SnO2 on glass) using aqueous electrolytes. Deposition parameters (electrolyte composition, electrode potential, temperature) had a great influence on electrode properties (phase purity, preferential orientation). Electrodeposited Cu2O films were p-type. In junctions with aqueous electrolytes, under electrical bias, cathodic and photocathodic currents passed which increased dramatically when reducible redox compounds were added. The influence of various redox couples (O2, H2O2, methylviologen) and their concentration in the electrolyte on the stability of the electrodes was studied.<br>Long time experiments showed that oxygen saturated and H2O2 containing electrolytes gave rise to constant photocurrents and no alteration of the electrodes was found by XRD. With the investigated redox couples, no product of interest was produced.</p>

opencc-zeroJun 2024View details →

Dataset: TrueShares Active Yield ETF (ERNZ) Stock Performance

This dataset provides historical stock market performance data for specific companies. It enables users to analyze and understand the past trends and fluctuations in stock prices over time. This information can be utilized for various purposes such as investment analysis, financial research, and market trend forecasting.