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2,581 results for “amphibians”
Fig. 16 in To Registrations Of Bottom Macroinvertebrates, Fish, Amphibians And Reptiles Of The Upper Tskhenistskali River Basin (Georgia, Lower Svanetia)
Fig. 16. Places of registrations D. d. abchasica, the species biotope and map of findings, Devashi River, Georgia, Lower Svanetia; specimens are also shown in the table of records (table 2).
Fig. 14 in To Registrations Of Bottom Macroinvertebrates, Fish, Amphibians And Reptiles Of The Upper Tskhenistskali River Basin (Georgia, Lower Svanetia)
Fig. 14. Places of registrations of A. colchica, the species biotope and map of findings, Tshenitshali River, Georgia, Lower Svanetia; specimens are also shown in the table of records (table 2).
Fig. 11 in To Registrations Of Bottom Macroinvertebrates, Fish, Amphibians And Reptiles Of The Upper Tskhenistskali River Basin (Georgia, Lower Svanetia)
Fig. 11. Places of registrations of audial signals from H. orientalis males, Lentekhi town, Lower Svanetia; specimens are also shown in the table of records (table 2).
Fig. 10. B in To Registrations Of Bottom Macroinvertebrates, Fish, Amphibians And Reptiles Of The Upper Tskhenistskali River Basin (Georgia, Lower Svanetia)
Fig. 10. B. sitibundus, registration points and habitat in the vicinity Lentekhi town, Lower Svanetia; specimens are also shown in the table of records (table 2).
Fig. 17 in To Registrations Of Bottom Macroinvertebrates, Fish, Amphibians And Reptiles Of The Upper Tskhenistskali River Basin (Georgia, Lower Svanetia)
Fig. 17. Places of registrations D. r. svanetica, the species biotope and map of findings, Devashi River, Georgia, Lower Svanetia; specimens are also shown in the table of records (table 2).
Fig. 9. R in To Registrations Of Bottom Macroinvertebrates, Fish, Amphibians And Reptiles Of The Upper Tskhenistskali River Basin (Georgia, Lower Svanetia)
Fig. 9. R. macrocnemis, registration points and habitat in the vicinity Lentekhi town and Sasashi village, Lower Svanetia; specimens are also shown in the table of records (table 2).
Fig. 13 in To Registrations Of Bottom Macroinvertebrates, Fish, Amphibians And Reptiles Of The Upper Tskhenistskali River Basin (Georgia, Lower Svanetia)
Fig. 13. Places of registrations V. dinniki, the species biotope and map of findings, Devashi River, Georgia, Lower Svanetia; specimens are also shown in the table of records (table 2).
Fig. 6 in To Registrations Of Bottom Macroinvertebrates, Fish, Amphibians And Reptiles Of The Upper Tskhenistskali River Basin (Georgia, Lower Svanetia)
Fig. 6. Map of records of the caught fish species: yellow — S. trutta, blue — B. angorae; red — B. escerichia.
Experimental evaluation of how biological invasions and climate change interact to alter the vertical assembly of an amphibian community
<ol> <li>While biotic-abiotic interactions are increasingly documented in nature, a process-based understanding of how such interactions influence community assembly is lacking in the ecological literature. Perhaps the most emblematic and pervasive example of such interactions is the synergistic threat to biodiversity posed by climate change and invasive species. Invasive species often out-compete or prey on native species. Despite this long-standing and widespread issue, little is known about how abiotic conditions, such as climate change, will influence the frequency and severity of negative biotic interactions that threaten the persistence of native fauna.</li> <li>Treefrogs are a globally diverse group of amphibians that climb to complete life-cycle processes, such as foraging and reproduction, as well as to evade predators and competitors, resulting in frog communities that are vertically partitioned. Furthermore, treefrogs adjust their vertical position to maintain optimal body temperature and hydration in response to environmental change. Here, utilizing this model group, we designed a novel experiment to determine how extrinsic abiotic and biotic factors (changes to water availability and an introduced predator, respectively) interact with intrinsic biological traits, such as individual physiology and behavior, to influence treefrogs’ vertical niche. </li> <li>Our study found that treefrogs adjusted their vertical niche through displacement behaviors in accordance with abiotic resources. However, biotic interactions resulted in native treefrogs distancing themselves from abiotic resources to avoid the non-native species. Importantly, under altered abiotic conditions, both native species avoided the non-native species – more than they avoided their native counterpart. Additionally, exposure to the non-native species resulted in native species altering their tree climbing behaviors by and becoming more vertically dynamic to avoid the non-native antagonist.</li> <li>Our experiment determined that vertical niche selection and community interactions were most accurately represented by a biotic-abiotic interaction model, rather than a model that considers these factors to operate in an isolated (singular) or even additive manner. Our study provides evidence that native species may be resilient to interacting disturbances via physiological adaptations to local climate and plasticity in space-use behaviors that mediate the impact of the introduced predator. </li> </ol>
Patterns of species richness and turnover in endemic amphibians of the Guineo-Congolian rainforest
<p><strong>Aim</strong>: The African Guineo-Congolian (GC) region is a global biodiversity hotspot with high species endemism, bioclimatic heterogeneity, complex landscape features, and multiple biogeographic barriers. Bioclimatic and geographic variables influence global patterns of species richness and endemism, but their relative importance varies across taxa and regions and is poorly understood for many faunas. We characterized patterns of richness and turnover in endemic amphibians of the GC biodiversity hotspot and evaluated the relative roles of geographic distance and bioclimatic variables in predicting turnover. </p> <p><strong>Location</strong>: West and Central Africa. </p> <p><strong>Major taxa studied</strong>: Amphibians</p> <p><strong>Methods</strong>: We compiled species-occurrence records via field sampling, online databases, and taxonomic literature. Our study used 1205 unique georeferenced records of 222 amphibian species endemic to the GC region. Patterns of species richness were mapped onto a grid with a spatial resolution of 0.5° × 0.5°. We estimated weighted endemism and tested whether endemism was higher than the expected species richness (randomization test). We quantified species turnover using generalized dissimilarity modelling to evaluate the processes underlying observed patterns of species richness in GC endemic amphibians. We explored bioregionalization using agglomerative hierarchical clustering based on the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic averages. </p> <p><strong>Results</strong>: We identified six areas within the lower GC region – forests in Southern Nigeria, Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Republic of Congo, and Democratic Republic of Congo – as having high species richness of endemic amphibians. The randomization test returned four major areas of significant weighted endemism: Nigeria-Cameroon mountains, forest regions of the Democratic Republic of Congo, Cote d'Ivoire, and Ghana. Our analysis revealed five bioregions for amphibian endemism, four of which were located within the lower Guineo-Congolian forest. Species turnover was strongly related to the geographic distance between grid cells; contributing bioclimatic variables included precipitation of the warmest quarter, mean temperature of the wettest quarter, and mean diurnal temperature range. </p> <p><strong>Main conclusions</strong>: Our results indicate that geographic distance between grid cells is the primary determinant of turnover in GC endemic amphibians, with secondary but significant effects of rainfall- and temperature-related variables. Our results identify key areas of endemic amphibian richness that could be prioritized for conservation actions.</p>
Can predators stabilize host-parasite interactions? Changes in aquatic predator identity alters amphibian responses and parasite abundance across life stages
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Data: Applying stochastic and Bayesian integral projection modeling to amphibian population viability analysis
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Patterns of species richness and turnover in endemic amphibians of the Guineo-Congolian rainforest
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Data and code for Winter conditions structure extratropical patterns of species richness of amphibians, birds, and mammals globally
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Invasibility of a North American soil ecosystem to amphibian-killing fungal pathogens
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Genomics‐informed delineation of conservation units in a desert amphibian
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Data for: Canopy coverage, light, and moisture affect thermoregulatory trade-offs in an amphibian breeding habitat
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Data for Phenotypically plastic responses to freshwater salinization in larval amphibians: Induced tolerance and induced sensitivity
These data support a paper published by Relyea et al. in 2023 in the journal Environmental Pollution. In this manuscript titled 'Phenotypically plastic responses to freshwater salinization in larval amphibians: induced tolerance and induced sensitivity' the authors use a lab experiment to examine the effects of low levels of exposure to road salt pollution on amphibian responses to higher subsequent doses of the contaminant.
Leaf litter quality induces morphological and developmental changes in larval amphibians.
Aquatic consumers exhibit many types of inducible phenotypic responses to variation in resource quantity and quality. Leaf litter constitutes a primary resource in freshwater systems and variation in litter quality can alter the growth and development of aquatic consumers. It is therefore reasonable to hypothesize that variation in litter quality might also induce phenotypic changes in consumers. To test this hypothesis, we exposed two densities of wood frog (Lithobates sylvaticus [Rana sylvatica]) tadpoles to six chemically distinct species of leaf litter from temperate broadleaf and coniferous trees. After several weeks, we quantified development rate, growth rate, intestinal length, size of the oral disc, and five external dimensions of the tadpoles. In addition to substantial changes in growth and development rates, we found striking changes in all morphological responses among different leaf litter environments, including up to 14% longer intestines, 11% deeper tails, and 6% deeper tail muscles. In addition, we found strong relationships of total nitrogen content with all morphological features except growth rate. Our results indicate that differences in resource quality can induce phenotypic changes that are as large as or larger than changes induced by resource quantity. Our study also has substantial implications for the future of aquatic consumers living in forested wetlands given that these forests are currently experiencing widespread changes in tree composition.
The Combined Effects of Road Salt and Biotic Stressors on Amphibian Sex Ratios
Aquatic systems worldwide are threatened by the anthropogenic use of synthetic chemicals, including pesticides, pharmaceuticals, and road de‐icers. Exposure to contaminants can alter the behavior, morphology, and physiology of organisms if it occurs during sensitive life stages. For instance, past studies have documented feminization of male amphibians following herbicide exposure and skewed sex ratios among amphibian populations exposed to road salt. However, many of these studies lack the complexities found within natural environments, such as competition with conspecifics or threat of predation, which are also known to influence development. Thus, it is important to understand how anthropogenic and natural stressors interact to alter animal sex ratios. Given the growing concern of secondary salinization of freshwater systems, we exposed larval wood frogs (Rana sylvatica) to either road salt (sodium chloride [NaCl]) or an alternative salt mixture (NaCl, magnesium chloride [MgCl2], and potassium chloride [KCl]) at 3 concentrations (200, 600, and 1000 mg Cl−/L) crossed with 3 biotic stressors (no‐stressor control, competition, or predator cues) to examine their potentially interactive effects on sex. Exposure to biotic stressors and NaCl did not influence wood frog sex ratios. In contrast, tadpole exposure to the intermediate salt mixture concentration significantly reduced the proportion of female frogs. Future studies are needed to determine whether such changes in sex are widespread among sensitive species with complex life cycles, and to assess the consequences of sex ratio changes on long‐term population dynamics.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.