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10,735 results for “dependability”
Gaze-dependent spatial updating of tactile targets in a localization task
<p>The article which was written based on the uploaded dataset can be retrieved here: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00066 </p> <p>Abstract:</p> <p>There is concurrent evidence that visual reach targets are represented with respect to gaze. For tactile reach targets, we previously showed that an effector movement leads to a shift from a gaze-independent to a gaze-dependent reference frame. Here we aimed to unravel the influence of effector movement (gaze shift) on the reference frame of tactile stimuli using a spatial localization task (yes/no paradigm). We assessed how gaze direction (fixation <em>left/right</em>) alters the perceived spatial location (point of subjective equality) of sequentially presented tactile standard and visual comparison stimuli while effector movement (gaze <em>fixed/shifted</em>) and stimulus order (<em>vis-tac/tac-vis</em>) were varied. In the fixed-gaze condition, subjects maintained gaze at the fixation site throughout the trial. In the shifted-gaze condition, they foveated the first stimulus, then made a saccade toward the fixation site where they held gaze while the second stimulus appeared. Only when an effector movement occurred <em>after</em> the encoding of the tactile stimulus (shifted-gaze, <em>tac-vis</em>), gaze s<em>imilarly</em> influenced the perceived location of the tactile and the visual stimulus. In contrast, when gaze was fixed or a gaze shift occurred <em>before</em> encoding of the tactile stimulus, gaze <em>differentially</em> affected the perceived spatial relation of the tactile and the visual stimulus suggesting gaze-dependent coding of only one of the two stimuli. Consistent with previous findings this implies that visual stimuli vary with gaze irrespective of whether gaze is fixed or shifted. However, a gaze-dependent representation of tactile stimuli seems to critically depend on an effector movement (gaze shift) after tactile encoding triggering spatial updating of tactile targets in a gaze-dependent reference frame. Together with our recent findings on tactile reaching, the present results imply similar underlying reference frames for tactile spatial perception and action.</p>
Age-dependent positivity bias in children's perception of emotion terms
<p>Data set of Bahn, D., Vesker, M., Garcia Alanis, J. C., Schwarzer, G., & Kauschke, C. (in press). Age-dependent positivity bias in children’s perception of emotion terms. <em>Frontiers in Psychology</em>. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01268</p>
Low-frequency Cortical Activity Reflects Context-dependent Parsing of Word Sequences
<p>The dataset and code used for the publication of "<a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.11.12.623335v1" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Low-frequency Cortical Activity Reflects Context-dependent Parsing of Word Sequences</strong></a>".</p> <div> <div><strong>Data path</strong></div> <div> <ol> <li>derivatives (./data/derivatives/): preprocessed data. <ul> <li>meg_quat-tsss-withEOG_100hz_0d3-40: meg data preprocessed at 100 Hz filtered between 0.3 and 40 Hz.</li> <li>FreeSurfer: anatomy data preprocessed</li> </ul> </li> <li>behavior_data (./behavior_data/)</li> <li>stimuli (./exp_procedure/material/): exp stimuli and procedure</li> <li>features (./data/features/): calculated phonological and linguistic features.</li> </ol> </div> <strong>Code path</strong></div> <div><br> <div>Preprocessing<strong>:</strong></div> <div> <ol> <li>[preprocessing.py]: preprocessing of behavior and MEG data.</li> <li>[recon.py]: reconstruction of T1 .niift data into surface data in FreeSurfer.</li> <li>[analysis_stimuli.ipynb]: preprocessing and feature extraction of stimuli.</li> </ol> </div> Analysis</div> <div> <ul> <li>[analysis_meg.ipynb]: spectral, time course, and RSA analysis.</li> </ul> </div>
Maritime chokepoint dependencies and systemic risks
<p>Data supporting the paper 'Systemic impacts of disruptions at maritime chokepoints' by Verschuur and Hall (under review). </p> <p>The data includes:</p> <p>-The country maritime trade dependency on these 24 chokepoints, derived from 2022 trade data. </p> <p>-The final results for the 'expected value of trade disrupted' and 'economic risk' metrics. </p> <p>-The code to re-run the analysis. </p>
Diverse environmental perturbations reveal the evolution and context-dependency of genetic effects on gene expression levels
<pre>This repository contains data related to: Diverse environmental perturbations reveal the evolution and context-dependency of genetic effects on gene expression levels Amanda J. Lea, Julie Peng, Julien F. Ayroles A preprint of this work can be found here: https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.11.04.467311v2 Specifically, the filtered, normalized, and batch corrected gene expression data file (31Mar21_all_runs_voom_resid.txt) is provided along with the metadata. We also provide the output from matrix eQTL that was used as input for mashR. Scripts used to generate and analyze these data are provided here: https://github.com/AmandaJLea/LCLs_gene_exp</pre>
Dataset used in "Catchment landforms predict groundwater-dependent wetland sensitivity to recharge changes".
<p>Dataset in the form of text files, all 60 presented catchments are identified by the HydroATLAS database ID in each file. Catchment topography figures are available following their HydroATLAS ID. For the seepage distribution, one text file is presented for each catchment named with the corresponding catchment ID. Code to generate desaturation parameters (lambda and n) and ML models are saved in a common directory (catchment_desaturation_estimator), code is commented to facilitate reproducibility. </p>
Data accompanying the paper "Regime-dependent turbulence length scale formulation for NWP models based on turbulence kinetic energy, shear and stratification", submitted to Monthly Weather Review
<p>This repository contains the outputs of MicroHH LES (van Heerwaarden et al., 2017) and ALADIN-CZ single-column model simulations of four idealized cases:</p> <p>1) The continental cumulus case utilizing measurements from the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) program, and Cloud and Radiation Testbed (CART) site in Oklahoma (Brown et al. 2002; Lenderink et al. 2004)</p> <p>2) The trade wind cumulus case from the Barbados Oceanographic and Meteorological Experiment (BOMEX; Siebesma et al. 2003)</p> <p>3) A drizzling stratocumulus case based on the first research flight data of the second period of the Dynamics and Chemistry of Marine Stratocumulus (DYCOMS-II) campaign (Stevens et al., 2005)</p> <p>4) A stable planetary boundary layer case based on the Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment (GEWEX) Atmospheric Boundary Layer Study (GABLS1) data (Beare et al. 2006; Cuxart et al. 2006; Holtslag 2006)</p> <p>The MicroHH LES outputs are taken from Reilley et al. (2022) study and can be also found at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6372434. Additionally, we provide case study outputs from the ALADIN-CZ 3D NWP model, wherein the fields roughly match those verified/shown in Fig. 9.</p> <p> </p> <p>The files are organized in the following way:</p> <p>1) MicroHH LES model configuration files (.ini) and output files (NetCDF format) are stored in the file "LES.zip" within "conf" and "data" folders, respectivelly. Additionally, a sample script to plot LES-derived Turbulence Length Scales (TLS) and those based on NWP formulations (using LES data as input) is provided (plot.py).</p> <p>2) The vertical profiles of (i) conserved variables and (ii) turbulent fluxes from the ALADIN-CZ single-column model for four idealized cases are provided in the file "single-column_simulations.zip", consisted of individual ASCII files (per case and TLS formulation). A detailed description of its content can be found in the associated README file.</p> <p>3) Chosen surface and upper-air fields for (i) 23 November 2019 inversion and (ii) 24 June 2022 mesoscale convection system cases are provided in the file "case_studies.zip" and consisted of individual GRIB files per field and prognostic hour. A detailed description of its content can be found in the associated README file.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Context-dependent effects of deer on aboveground carbon stocks in the regenerative tree layer in temperate and boreal forests: a meta-analysis
<p>Herbivores, including deer (Cervidae), influence ecosystem functions and carbon cycling by affecting vegetation structure and composition. Given the increase in deer populations in Europe and North America, there is growing interest in their impact on carbon dynamics in temperate and boreal forests. We investigated the effects of deer on carbon stored in the seedling and sapling layer through two mechanisms: (1) deer affecting the overall aboveground woody biomass in these strata and (2) deer changing the composition of tree species in these strata, because species differ in wood density and carbon content. We performed a meta-analysis of 17 datasets from 12 studies, assessing the effects of deer exclusion on aboveground carbon stocks within the seedling and sapling layer (≤3m) under two scenarios of carbon calculation, where we used either: (1) species-specific carbon content and wood density values (mean scenario) and (2) generic carbon content and wood density values (neutral scenario). Our results show that including species-specific wood density values in calculations had a minimal effect on the estimated impact of deer exclusion on carbon stocks compared to generic values, but that there was insufficient data on species-specific carbon content to determine its importance in calculating aboveground carbon stocks. Our results show that preventing deer herbivory did not have a consistent positive effect on aboveground carbon stocks in the regenerating forest layer, except in sites dominated by conifer saplings and boreal sites. Instead, the among-case variability in effects suggests a complex interaction between the impact of deer browsing and forest carbon. Understanding these interactions is vital to assess wildlife-carbon relations and to develop appropriate forest conservation approaches in response to growing deer populations.</p>
Temperature-dependent structure formation in the wetting layer of the ionic liquid [C2C1Im][OTf] on Au(111)
<p>Set of STM images, DFT calculations and MD simulations of [EMIm][OTf] on Au(111) with temperature dependence.</p>
A Dependency Graph for 460,000 Papers and Their Software Mentions from the CZI Software Mentions Dataset
<p>Using the CZI Software Mentions Dataset and <a href="https://ecosyste.ms">ecosyste.ms</a> we create a graph of papers, their mentioned software, and recursive dependencies of each piece of software across 466,000 papers and three software registries (PyPI, CRAN, and BioConductor).</p>
Sex- and state-dependent covariation of risk-averse and escape behavior in a widespread lizard
<p>Mounting evidence has show<span>n</span> that personality and behavioral syndromes have a substantial influence on <span>interspecific interactions</span> and <span>individual </span>fitness. However, the stability of <span>covariation among multiple behavioral traits involved in antipredator responses</span> <span>has seldom been tested</span>. Here, we <span>investigate whether </span>sex, <span>gravidity</span>, and parasit<span>e infestations influence</span> <span>the covariation</span> <span>between</span> <span>risk-aversion</span> <span>(hiding time within a refuge) </span>and <span>escape</span> <span>response (immobility, escape distance)</span> using a viviparous lizard<span>,</span> <em>Zootoca vivipara</em><span> as a model system. Our results</span> <span>demonstrated a correlation between risk-averse and escape behavior at the among-individual level, but </span>only <span>in</span> <span>gravid</span> females<span>. We found no significant correlations in either males or neonates</span>. <span>A striking result was the loss of the association in post-parturition females. </span>Th<span>is</span> <span>suggests</span> that the <span>'risk-averse</span> – <span>e</span>scape<span>'</span> syndrome <span>is ephemeral and only emerges in response to constraints on locomotion driven by reproductive burden.</span> <span>Moreover</span>, parasites have the potential to disassociate the<span> correlations between</span> <span>risk-aversion and </span>escape <span>response</span> in <span>gravid</span> females, <span>yet the causal chain requires further examination</span>. <span>Overall, o</span>ur findings provide evidence of differences in the association <span>between</span> <span>behaviors within the life-time of an individual</span> and <span>indicate</span> that <span>individual states, sex and life stages can together</span> influence the stability of behavioral syndromes.</p>
After the 'Black Summer' fires: faunal responses to megafire depend on fire severity, proportional area burnt, and vegetation type
<ol> <li>Climate change and human activities have disrupted historical fire regimes, leading to complex and far-reaching impacts on global ecosystems. Despite extensive research in fire ecology, studies exploring vertebrate responses to megafires, and to nuanced fire characteristics, remain limited.</li> <li>We collected camera trap data 3–27 months following Australia's 2019–20 'Black Summer' megafires from 30 burnt sites and 10 unburnt sites. Our data included 14 animal species/groups, encompassing mammalian predators, small and medium-sized mammals, large herbivores, and birds. We used generalised additive mixed models to assess the influence of time-since-the-fires, burn status, fire severity, proportional area burnt, and vegetation type on species' activity.</li> <li>Models that included fire variables were well-supported for all species. The proportional cover of low-moderate or high-extreme severity fire had substantial support for five species, particularly herbivores, which generally showed a preference for burnt sites but at differing fire severities. The proportional area burnt, disregarding severity, was well supported for four species. At highly burned sites, fox activity peaked shortly after the fires, while small to medium-sized mammal activity increased more gradually. Vegetation type strongly influenced the response of four species to fire; in particular, wet forest birds preferred unburnt areas.</li> <li> <em>Policy implications</em>. We document variable short- to medium-term responses of a range of species to fire which could help guide management interventions. We demonstrate that animal species' responses to fire are diverse and better captured using broader landscape-scale fire variables. We found that species were strongly influenced by proportional area burnt, fire severity, and vegetation type. Introduced foxes were attracted to recently burnt areas, so timely predator control may benefit vulnerable prey species. Wet forest species were sensitive to fires and could benefit from preservation and restoration of these habitats. Some species exploited low-moderate severity burnt areas, while others preferred high-severity burns. This suggests that species will face diverse challenges and opportunities in future extreme fire events. We emphasise the importance of using multi-faceted approaches to account for the complex responses of co-occurring species to fire events.</li> </ol>
Density-dependent within-patch movement behavior of two competing species
<p class="MsoNormal">Movement behavior is central to understanding species distributions, population dynamics and coexistence with other species. At present, relatively little is known about how conspecific and interspecific competitor density affect movement behavior. We conducted releases of two species of competing <em>Tribolium</em> flour beetles at different densities, alone and together in homogeneous microcosms, and tested whether their recaptures-with-distance were well described by a random-diffusion model. We also determined whether mean displacement distances varied with the release density of conspecific and heterospecific beetles. A diffusion model provided a good fit to the redistribution of <em>T. castaneum</em> and <em>T. confusum </em>at all release densities, explaining an average of >60% of the variation in recaptures. For both species, mean displacement (directly proportional to the diffusion rate) exhibited a humped-shaped relationship with conspecific density. Finally, we found that both species of beetle impacted the within-patch movement rates of the other species, but it depended on density. For <em>T. castaneum</em> in the highest density treatment, the addition of equal numbers of <em>T. castaneum</em> or <em>T. confusum</em> had the same effect, with mean displacements reduced by approximately one-half. The same result occurred for <em>T. confusum</em> released at an intermediate density. In both cases, it was total beetle abundance, not species identity that mattered to mean displacement. We suggest that displacement or diffusion rates that exhibit a nonlinear relationship with density or depend on the presence or abundance of interacting species should be considered when attempting to predict the spatial spread of populations.</p>
Cell size-dependent species sensitivity to nanoparticles underlies changes in phytoplankton diversity and productivity
<p>Nanoparticle pollution has been shown to affect various organisms. However, the effects of nanoparticles on species interactions, and the role of species traits, such as body size, in modulating these effects, are not well understood. We addressed this issue using competing freshwater phytoplankton species exposed to copper oxide nanoparticles. Increasing nanoparticle concentration resulted in decreased phytoplankton species growth rates and community productivity (both abundance and biomass). Importantly, we consistently found that nanoparticles had greater negative effects on species with smaller cell sizes, such that nanoparticle pollution weakened the competitive dominance of smaller species and promoted species diversity. Moreover, nanoparticles reduced the growth rate differences and competitive ability differences of competing species, while having little effect on species niche differences. Consequently, nanoparticle pollution reduced the selection effect on phytoplankton community abundance but increased the selection effect on community biomass. Our results suggest cell size as a key functional trait to consider when predicting phytoplankton community structure and ecosystem functioning in the face of increasing nanopollution.</p>
Temperature-dependent single-event photoemission data of 1T-TaS2
<p>RAW single-event temperature-dependent angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy data of bulk 1T-TaS2, acquired using the XUV trARPES setup at the Fritz-Haber-Institute of the Max-Planck Society, Berlin, Germany and a SPECS METIS 1000 momentum microscope. We thank P. Sutar (Jožef Stefan Institute) for providing the samples. </p><p>The dataset here contains the RAW data used to analyze the temperature-dependent transition from the H-phase to the C-phase and further to the NC-phase on a heating cycle.</p><p>Analysis scripts can be found at https://github.com/OpenCOMPES/sed/tree/main/tutorial</p>
Smoother: a unified and modular framework for incorporating structural dependency in spatial omics data: intermediate results
<p>This directory contains all intermediate results generated in the "Smoother: a unified and modular framework for incorporating structural dependency in spatial omics data" for reproducibility purpose. Associated scripts are available at https://github.com/JiayuSuPKU/Smoother_paper. Raw and processed data can be downloaded at https://zenodo.org/records/10223862.</p><p>Note that some intermediate results and figures in the notebooks may not be exactly the same as those in the paper due to the randomness in some analysis steps, but should be very close.</p>
Smoother: a unified and modular framework for incorporating structural dependency in spatial omics data: raw and processed data files
<p>This directory contains all spatial and single-cell omics datasets analyzed in the "Smoother: a unified and modular framework for incorporating structural dependency in spatial omics data". Associated scripts are available at https://github.com/JiayuSuPKU/Smoother_paper. See https://github.com/JiayuSuPKU/Smoother_paper/blob/main/data/README.md for details on folder structure and data sources.</p>
Serine-129 phosphorylation of a-synuclein is an activity-dependent trigger for physiologic protein-protein interactions and synaptic function
<p><strong>Phosphorylation of a-synuclein at the Serine-129 site (a-syn Ser129P) is an established pathologic hallmark of synucleinopathies and a therapeutic target. In physiologic states, only a small fraction of a-syn is phosphorylated at this site, and most studies have focused on the pathologic roles of this post-translational modification. We found that unlike wild-type (WT) a-syn which is widely expressed throughout the brain, the overall pattern of a-syn Ser129P is restricted, suggesting intrinsic regulation. Surprisingly, preventing Ser129P blocked activity-dependent synaptic attenuation by a-syn – thought to reflect its normal function. Exploring mechanisms, we found that neuronal activity augments Ser129P, which is a trigger for protein-protein interactions that are necessary for mediating a-syn function at the synapse. AlphaFold2-driven modeling and membrane-binding simulations suggest a scenario where Ser129P induces conformational changes that facilitate interactions with binding partners. Our experiments offer a new conceptual platform for investigating the role of Ser129 in synucleinopathies, with implications for drug-development. </strong></p>
Temperature-dependent photo-elastic coefficient of silicon at 1550 nm
<p>The associated paper presents a study on the temperature-dependent photo-elastic coefficient in single-crystal silicon with (100) and (110) orientations at a wavelength of 1550 nm. The measurement of the photo-elastic coefficient was performed using a polarimetric scheme across a wide temperature range from 5 K to 300 K. The experimental setup employed high-sensitivity techniques and incorporated automatic beam path correction, ensuring precise and accurate determination of the coefficient's values. The results show excellent agreement with previous measurements at room temperature, specifically yielding a value of dn/dσ = −2.463E-11 1/Pa for the (100) orientation. Interestingly, there is a significant difference in photo-elasticity between the different crystal orientations of approximately 50 %. The photo-elastic coefficient's absolute value increases by approximately 40 % with decreasing temperature down to 5 K. These findings provide valuable insights into the photo-elastic properties of silicon and its behavior under varying mechanical stress, particularly relevant for optomechanical precision experiments like cryogenic gravitational wave detectors and microscale optomechanical quantum sensors.</p>
Condition dependence in the sexual communication system of the Tungara frog
<p>Sexual selection can result in the evolution of extreme armaments and ornaments, and the development and maintenance of these traits can come at a considerable cost. These costs have been implicated in enforcing an upper limit on trait divergence and promoting condition-dependent traits such that only individuals in sufficiently high condition can effectively wield these armaments and advertise these ornaments. Numerous studies demonstrate the condition-dependence of sexually selected traits, especially those used by males to advertise to females. In this study, we investigated condition-dependent mating calls in the túngara frog <em>Physalaemus</em> (<em>Engystomops</em>) <em>pustulosus</em>. We manipulated male condition in the laboratory over a nine-day period by restricting food availability. We then documented the relationship between male condition (the relative change in body mass from night 1 to night 9) and acoustic parameters of his mating call; how male condition influenced the male's responses to call playbacks; and finally, if male condition influenced the attractiveness of the male's calls to females. Males who were not fed during this period showed significant changes to acoustic parameters relating to frequency, duration, and amplitude. In response to playbacks, unfed males called less, and made fewer complex calls. Finally, in phonotaxis experiments, females were more attracted to the calls of unfed males on night 1 to the calls of the same males on night 9. Fed males, on the other hand, showed no significant differences between nights 1 and 9 in call parameters, calling effort, and call attractiveness. This study shows the pervasive effects of condition on three aspects of sexual communication: signal parameters, behavioral response to vocal competition, and mating call attractiveness.</p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.