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FIGURE 2 in Polulichloris henanensis gen. et sp. nov. (Trebouxiophyceae, Chlorophyta), a novel subaerial coccoid green alga
FIGURE 2. Ultrastructure of Polulichloris henanensis. C: chloroplast, P: pyrenoid, SE: starch envelope, S: starch grains. Cell of P. henanensis with a parietal and cup-shaped chloroplast, pyrenoid bisected by a few thylakoid bands, and starch envelope composed of 2–4 plates surrounding the pyrenoid. A. Young cell. B–D. Vegetative cell.
FIGURE 3 in Polulichloris henanensis gen. et sp. nov. (Trebouxiophyceae, Chlorophyta), a novel subaerial coccoid green alga
FIGURE 3. Phylogenetic position of Polulichloris henanensis within class Trebouxiophyceae (Chlorophyta), based on 18S rDNA sequences. The analysis was based on reduced alignment with an outgroup formed by the chlorophycean species Chlamdomonas rosae. The tree was inferred using PAUP*4.0 with the TrNef + I + G evolutionary model. Numbers at branches correspond to MrBayes posterior probabilities (BPP)/maximum likelihood (ML) bootstrap values. Values below 0.95 BPP and 50% ML bootstrap support are not shown. Scale bar shows estimated number of substitutions per site.
FIGURE 3 in Muriphaeosphaeria galatellae gen. et sp. nov. in Phaeosphaeriaceae (Pleosporales)
FIGURE 3. Muriphaeosphaeria galatellae (MFLU 15-0087, holotype) A. Superficial ascomata of sexual state on host. B. Close up of ascoma. C. Vertical section of ascoma. D. Section of papilla. E. Section through peridium. F. Pseudoparaphyses G. Immature ascus with ocular chamber. H–I. Mature asci. J–O. Ascospores. P. Germinating ascospore. Q. Culture characters on PDA, left from above. R. Conidiomata forming on bamboo pieces on WA after 8 weeks. S. Close up of conidiomata. T. Vertical section through conidiomata. U. Ostiole. V. Section through peridium. W–Z. Conidiogenous cells and developing conidia. AA–AG. Conidia. Scale bars: A = 500 μm, B, S, T = 200 μm, C = 100 μm, E, G–I, U–V = 50 μm, D, F = 20 μm, J–O, X–Z, AA–AG = 10 μm, W = 5 μm.
FIGURE 1 in Muriphaeosphaeria galatellae gen. et sp. nov. in Phaeosphaeriaceae (Pleosporales)
FIGURE 1. Bayesian majority (50%) consensus rule tree based on combined partial LSU, SSU and ITS gene datasets. Bootstrap values from maximum parsimony (MP, left above), and maximum likelihood (ML, right above) of more than 60% are given above the nodes. Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP, below) of more than 0.95 are given below the nodes. The tree is rooted to Didymella exigua (CBS183.55). Muriphaeosphaeria galatellae (strain MFLUCC 14−0614) is indicated in red bold. The type species of each genus is indicated in blue bold, ex-type strains are bold.
FIGURE 2 in Muriphaeosphaeria galatellae gen. et sp. nov. in Phaeosphaeriaceae (Pleosporales)
FIGURE 2. Muriphaeosphaeria galatellae (MFLU 15–0087, holotype) A. Galatella villosa (L.) Rchb.f. summer. B. Superficial ascomata of sexual state (MFLUCC 14−0614). C. Conidiomata on host (MFLUCC 15−0769). Scale bars: B, C = 500 μm.
FIGURES 23–32. Petroplacus tectum from type material. 23–25 in Petroplacus gen. nov. (Bacillariophyta): a new genus of diatom from Lake Baikal
FIGURES 23–32. Petroplacus tectum from type material. 23–25. LM views showing variation of valve size. Figure 23 is the holotype. 26–32. SEM Petroplacus tectum from type material. 26, 28, 29. SEM external views of entire valve showing raphe and striae structure. 26. SEM external view showing the constriction in the centre of the valve (arrow). 28. SEM external detail of proximal raphe endings, expanded into T-shaped grooves, uniseriate striae. 29. SEM external detail of terminal fissure, uniseriate striae. 27, 30−32. SEM internal views of entire valve showing raphe and striae structure. 27. SEM internal view showing the constriction in the centre of the valve (arrow). 30. SEM internal detail of valve centre with proximal raphe endings, volate occlusions of pores. 31. SEM internal detail of valve apex with helictoglossa. 32. SEM internal view showing intercalary striae, round pores occluded by volae. Scale bars = 10 μm (Figs 23–27), 5 μm (Figs 28−31), 1 μm (Fig. 32).
FIGURES 13–22. Scanning electron micrographs. Petroplacus lizae from type material. 13−16 in Petroplacus gen. nov. (Bacillariophyta): a new genus of diatom from Lake Baikal
FIGURES 13–22. Scanning electron micrographs. Petroplacus lizae from type material. 13−16. SEM external views of entire valve showing raphe and striae structure. 14. SEM external detail of valve centre with proximal raphe endings expanded into T-shaped grooves, uniseriate striae. 15, 16. SEM external detail of valve apex with terminal fissures. 19–22. SEM views of entire valve showing raphe and striae structure. 20. SEM internal detail of valve centre with proximal raphe endings, volate occlusions of the areolae. 21. SEM internal detail of valve apex with helictoglossa, round pores occluded by volae. 22. SEM internal detail of broken valve showing the pores apertures. 17. SEM detail of girdle band with a single row of pores. 18. SEM detail of two girdle bands. Scale bars = 10 μm (Figs 13, 19), 3 μm (Figs 14, 20, 21), 5 μm (Figs 17–18), 2 μm (Fig.22), 1 μm (Figs 15–16).
FIGURES 1–12. Light micrographs. 1−12 in Petroplacus gen. nov. (Bacillariophyta): a new genus of diatom from Lake Baikal
FIGURES 1–12. Light micrographs. 1−12. Petroplacus lizae. LM views showing variations in size and valve outline. Fig. 1 is the holotype. Scale bar = 10 μm.
FIGURES 31–32. Tripterion kalamensis and T in Medlinella amphoroidea gen. et sp. nov. (Bacillariophyta) from the neck skin of Loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta)
FIGURES 31–32. Tripterion kalamensis and T. philoderma. Type populations, LM, specimens in valve view showing valve and frustule shape, size range, and separated copulae. 31. Tripterion kalamensis (holotype slide ANSP! GC64443a), arrows indicate septum on copula (top arrow) and open end of copula (bottom arrow). 32. Tripterion philoderma (holotype slide ANSP! GC17182a), arrows indicate lack of septa in separated copulae. Scale bars = 10 μm.
FIGURES 19–24 in Medlinella amphoroidea gen. et sp. nov. (Bacillariophyta) from the neck skin of Loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta)
FIGURES 19–24. Medlinella amphoroidea. Type population, SEM, internal views. 19. Whole valve. 20. Detail of central area and valve apex showing the raphe located on a slightly raised and thickened sternum. 21. Detail of central area of the valve depicted in Fig. 19. 22. Oblique view of central area of valve with attached valvocopula showing the attachment of the central tab of the valvocopula to the dorsal side of internal central area and a pair of small knob-like to flap-shaped structures present at the internal proximal raphe ends. 23. Oblique view of central area of valve with attached valvocopula (v) and second copula (c2), each with a single row of pores. 24. Valve with attached valvocopula showing detail of pars exterior of valvocopula septum. "=" indicate the same specimen. Scale bars: Fig. 19 = 2 μm, Figs 20–24 = 1 μm.
FIGURES 25–30. Medlinella amphoroidea. Type population, SEM. 25 in Medlinella amphoroidea gen. et sp. nov. (Bacillariophyta) from the neck skin of Loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta)
FIGURES 25–30. Medlinella amphoroidea. Type population, SEM. 25. Valve with attached cingulum showing central tab (arrow) of valvocopula (v) with 11 additional copulae in side view. 26. Valve with attached partial cingulum in oblique view showing the pars interior of the septum of the second copula (c2). 27. Pars interior of valvocopula showing flanged margin, central tab on the pars interior, and septum located on the pars exterior. Arrow indicates open end of valvocopula. 28. Second septate copula with 2 attached additional copulae. Note smaller pores on copula 3 (arrow). 29. Copula of undetermined order showing partially developed septum (arrow). 30. Copula of undetermined order showing shallow septum (arrow). Scale bars: Figs 25–28 = 2 μm, Figs 29, 30 = 1 μm.
FIGURES 11–18 in Medlinella amphoroidea gen. et sp. nov. (Bacillariophyta) from the neck skin of Loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta)
FIGURES 11–18. Medlinella amphoroidea. Type population, SEM, external views. 11. Entire frustule in girdle view showing cingulum with 8 copulae visible. Single rows of pores are evident on the copulae. Note that the hypovalve with its attached valvocopula (not visible) is partially collapsed on the left side of the image towards the frustule interior. 12. Broken valve showing shape of longer valves. 13. Whole valve showing orientation of striae, eccentric raphe-sternum, and fascia. 14. Dorsal striae and valve apex showing raphe branch, hyaline area (arrow) on primary side of valve adjacent to the angularly hooked distal raphe end. 15. Detail of central area and valve apex on right side of specimen depicted in Figure 13 showing volate pore occlusions, spathulate and slightly deflected proximal raphe ends, and hooked distal raphe end. 16. Detail of valve apex on left side of specimen depicted in Figure 13 showing angularly hooked distal raphe end that points towards the ventral margin. 17. Whole valve in side view showing orientation of ventral striae and the extension of the fascia onto the valve mantle. 18. Whole valve in side view showing orientation of dorsal striae and a single shortened stria on the valve margin adjacent to the central area. "=" indicate the same specimen. Scale bars: Figs 11–13, 17, 18 = 2 μm, Fig. 14 = 0.5 μm, Figs 15, 16 = 1 μm.
FIGURES 1–10 in Medlinella amphoroidea gen. et sp. nov. (Bacillariophyta) from the neck skin of Loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta)
FIGURES 1–10. Medlinella amphoroidea. Type population, LM. 1–4. Frustules in girdle view showing size range and morphological variation. Arrows in Figs 2, 4, 7, 9 indicate septa. 5–10. Specimens in valve view showing size range. Scale bar = 5 μm.
FIGURE 6. The 50 in Spelaeonaias gen. nov., a new true-branched cyanobacterium from Cave Vlychada (Diros, Peloponnese, Greece)
FIGURE 6. The 50% majority rule consensus tree as inferred from MrBayes. Posterior probalities are provided on or below the nodes. The GenBank accession numbers of sequences are given on the right of the taxa names. The scale corresponds to substitutions/site. Characters in bold indicate the taxon from Vlychada Cave.
FIGURE 5 in Spelaeonaias gen. nov., a new true-branched cyanobacterium from Cave Vlychada (Diros, Peloponnese, Greece)
FIGURE 5. Fluorescence emission spectrum of cells obtained by the Lambda scan module of CLSM. Two-dimensional spectral characteristic of fluorescence is illuminated with the blue laser (488 nm) and recorded as arbitrary units. Note the first peak for phycoerythrin (PE) (582 nm) and the second for phycobiliproteins (PC: phycocyanin and APC: allophycocyanin) (669 nm) including the small shoulder for chlorophyll a.
FIGURE 4. A–C in Spelaeonaias gen. nov., a new true-branched cyanobacterium from Cave Vlychada (Diros, Peloponnese, Greece)
FIGURE 4. A–C. Confocal (CLSM) photomicrographs showing filaments of Spelaeonaias floccida covered by sheaths. A. 41 x-y optical sections (z step= 0.13 μm) showing the Y-type of true branching; note the central spaces devoid of fluorescence in the filaments, corresponding to the area of nucleoids. B. 30 x-y optical sections (z step= 0.13 μm) showing a degraded basal cell (dc) promoting a false branching. C. Main filament with secondary branches; division of initial cells (at arrows) implying further formation of secondary branches. Color allocation: DNA nucleic acids labelled with Hoechst 33258, cyan; reflection from minerals, white; autofluorescence of extracellular polymeric substances, green; colocalized autofluorescence of cyanobacteria in the red (phycobilins) and blue channels (chlorophylls), magenta. Scale bars = 10 μm.
FIGURE 3. A–D in Spelaeonaias gen. nov., a new true-branched cyanobacterium from Cave Vlychada (Diros, Peloponnese, Greece)
FIGURE 3. A–D. TEM micrographs of Spelaeonaias floccida showing cell division and mode of branching. A. Filament with short barrel cells showing a general view of dividing cells for branch formation; the oblique division of an initial cell at arrow. B. Oblique section at a particular part of a filament showing one heterocyte (h) with a polar plug of cyanophycin (cy) connected to the adjacent cell by a neck; note the extra wall layer (wl) surrounding the heterocyte. C. Cell division at a certain region of the filament and formation of a new septum (s); D–E. After the first division of the initial cell (ic) the resulting cell (arrow) changes polarity and is further dividing for the formation of a secondary branch. Scale bars = 2 μm (B) and 5 μm (A–D).
FIGURE 1. A–J in Spelaeonaias gen. nov., a new true-branched cyanobacterium from Cave Vlychada (Diros, Peloponnese, Greece)
FIGURE 1. A–J. LM and SEM micrographs of Spelaeonaias floccida. A. Filaments of Spelaeonaias floccida showing the main filament and the secondary branches. B. Division of an initial cell, giving rise to two cells that change division polarity for the formation of a secondary branch. C. Secondary filament with a necridic cell (nc). D–G. Main and secondary filaments with the characteristic Y-type of branching; heterocytes at arrows. H. Hormogonia with an intercalary heterocyte at arrow. I. A single hormogonium with a terminal heterocyte (arrow). J. Single hormogonium as seen under SEM; the heterocyte (arrow) in a secondary filament is also obvious. Figs A–B from fresh material. Figs C–J from cultures. Scale bars = 10 μm (A–D, F, H, I) and 20 μm (Ε, G, J).
FIGURE 2. A–F in Spelaeonaias gen. nov., a new true-branched cyanobacterium from Cave Vlychada (Diros, Peloponnese, Greece)
FIGURE 2. A–F. TEM micrographs of Spelaeonaias floccida. A. Longitudinal section showing a septum (s) without intercellular connection between vegetative cells, the outer membrane (om) and the plasma membrane (pm). Note the thick and compact sheath near the cell wall, becoming diffluent externally. the thylakoids are scattered throughout the cyatoplasm forming curled bundles of 2–4 parallel arranged membranes, with phycobilisomes (pb) on their surface. B. Grazing thin section providing a top view of phycobilisomes as stellate structures, associated with thylakoidal membranes; the plasma membrane is followed by a thin layer of peptidoglycan (pl) and an outer membrane (om). C. Carboxysomes (cb) seen as polyhedral bodies. D. Peptidoglycan layer crossed by pore structures (arrow). E–F. Nucleoid regions surrounded by thylakoids and scattered through the cytoplasm; cy = cyanophycin granule. Scale bars = 500 nm (A, C–F) and 100 nm (B).
FIGURE 2 in Equiseticola gen. nov. (Phaeosphaeriaceae), from Equisetum sp. in Italy
FIGURE 2. Equiseticola fusispora (MFLU 14-0702, holotype) a Appearance of fungus on host surface. b Cross section of ascoma. c Close up of ostiole. d Section of peridium. e Pseudoparaphyses. f–g Asci. h Ocular chamber. i–o Ascospores. p Germinating ascospore. Scale bars: a = 200 μm, b = 50 μm, c = 20 μm, d, h–p = 5 μm, e = 2 μm, f–g = 20 μm.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.