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1,085 results for “Ciliophora”
Figure 5 in DNA barcoding and coalescent-based delimitation of endosymbiotic clevelandellid ciliates (Ciliophora: Clevelandellida): a shift to molecular taxonomy in the inventory of ciliate diversity in panesthiine cockroaches
Figure 5. Putative secondary structure models of the highly divergent helix 23e1 in the V4 region of the 18S rRNA molecule of 17 species of the order Clevelandellida isolated from the digestive tract of cockroaches. Arrowheads denote the molecular diagnostic characters.
FIGURE 4 in Report of suctorian ciliates (Ciliophora, Suctorea) as epibionts on meiobenthic nematodes in an oxygen minimum zone of the Arabian Sea, Indian Ocean
FIGURE 4. Pie diagram showing percentage of Acinetopsis lynni infestation at anterior, middle and posterior body parts of nematode hosts.
FIGURE 3A, B in Report of suctorian ciliates (Ciliophora, Suctorea) as epibionts on meiobenthic nematodes in an oxygen minimum zone of the Arabian Sea, Indian Ocean
FIGURE 3A, B. Acinetopsis lynni Baldrighi et al., 2020 attached on nematode hosts, C–F. Manified views of Acinetopsis lynni.
FIGURE 2. A in Report of suctorian ciliates (Ciliophora, Suctorea) as epibionts on meiobenthic nematodes in an oxygen minimum zone of the Arabian Sea, Indian Ocean
FIGURE 2. A. Paracineta livadiana (Mereschkowsky, 1881) attached on nematode host (arrow indicating ciliate), B. Magnified view of Paracineta livadiana, C. Loricophrya bosporica Sergeeva & Dovgal, 2016 attached on nematode host (arrow indicating ciliate), D. Magnified view of Loricophrya bosporica.
FIGURE 6 in Rumen ciliates (Alveolata, Ciliophora) associated with goats: checklist, geographic distribution, host specificity, phylogeny and molecular dating
FIGURE 6. Dated phylogeny obtained through Maximum Likelihood for endosymbiont ciliates of the Trichostomatia subclass. The red vertical line represents the radiation period of the Caprinae subfamily (Ropiquet & Hassanin 2005 a, b). The green circles represent the nodes and the possible period in millions of years of diversification of the Isotrichidae (4.3–15.5) and Ophryoscolecidae (1.0–5.7) families. My—Millions of years.
FIGURE 4 in Rumen ciliates (Alveolata, Ciliophora) associated with goats: checklist, geographic distribution, host specificity, phylogeny and molecular dating
FIGURE 4. Interaction network between ciliate protozoa species associated with goats and other hosts. The bars in grey and black represent some hosts that associate with ciliates and the ciliate protozoa species, respectively. The colored arrows (ranging from black to red) represent the associations between hosts and ciliate species. The size of the grey and black bars represents the hosts and ciliate species with greater or lower association, respectively (Dogiel 1928; Dehority 1974; Vasily & Mitchell 1974; Wilkinson & Van Hoven 1976; Kleynhans & Hoven 1976; Van Hoven et al. 1979; Dehority 1987; Towne et al. 1988; Dehority 1995; Selim et al. 1996; Dehority 1997; Wright & Lynn 1997; Selim et al. 1999; Dehority et al. 1999; Franzolin & Dehority 1999; Su et al. 2000; Imai et al. 2004; Talar et al. 2004; De la Fuente et al. 2006; Obanda et al. 2008; Del Valle et al. 2008; Martinele & D'Agosto 2008; Mishima et al. 2009; Booyse & Dehority 2012; Baraka 2012; Booyse et al. 2014; Booyse et al. 2015; Cerón Cucchi et al. 2016; Cedrola et al. 2016; Cedrola et al. 2017; Kimura et al. 2017; Gürelli 2017; Gürelli 2018; Cedrola et al. 2018).
FIGURE 5 in Rumen ciliates (Alveolata, Ciliophora) associated with goats: checklist, geographic distribution, host specificity, phylogeny and molecular dating
FIGURE 5. Phylogenetic tree obtained through Maximum Likelihood representing evolutionary relationships of some species of ciliates, based on 18S rDNA sequences. The red color represents species observed in studies with rumen samples from goats. Subclass Haptoria was chosen as outgroup. The values in each node of the tree mean, respectively: Maximum Likelihood (ML) bootstrap and Bayesian inference (BI) values of posterior probability. Scale bar represents 3 substitutions per 100 nucleotide positions.
FIGURE 2 in Rumen ciliates (Alveolata, Ciliophora) associated with goats: checklist, geographic distribution, host specificity, phylogeny and molecular dating
FIGURE 2. Schematic representation of the association of ciliate protozoa genera and the host species of the Caprinae subfamily. The numbers around the circle represent the number of times a genus has been observed in a host. The colors red, pink, caramel and dark orange of the bars represent, respectively, the hosts Capra hircus, Rupicapra rupicapra, Capra pyrenaica, and Capra ibex, and the genera associated with them. The lines within the circle indicate the association between host species and the genera.
FIGURE 3 in Rumen ciliates (Alveolata, Ciliophora) associated with goats: checklist, geographic distribution, host specificity, phylogeny and molecular dating
FIGURE 3. Geographic and quantitative distribution of the ciliate protozoa species associated with goats. Some regions in the map (Spain, former Czechoslovakia, Italy, South Korea and Japan), were amplified for better visualization of the geographic boarders (Lubinsky 1955; Christl 1958; Imai et al. 1978; Lee 1979; Crha et al. 1985; Fernandez-Galiano & Campos 1992; Ito et al. 1995; Gurung et al. 2002; Göçmen & Atatur 2002; Göçmen et al. 2002; Mermer et al. 2003; Rastgeld & Göçmen 2003; Göçmen & Rastgeldi 2004; Talar et al. 2004; Göçmen et al. 2005; Göçmen & Karaoðlu 2005; De la Fuente et al. 2006; Mermer et al. 2006; Göçmen & Sezgin 2006; De la Fuente et al. 2009; Baraka 2012; Gürelli 2014; Gürelli et al. 2016; Mohamed 2017).
FIGURE 1 in Rumen ciliates (Alveolata, Ciliophora) associated with goats: checklist, geographic distribution, host specificity, phylogeny and molecular dating
FIGURE 1. Schematic drawings of the rumen ciliate species described in goats (Christl 1958; Fernandez-Galiano & Campos 1992; Göçmen & Rastgeldi 2004; Göçmen et al. 2005). A. Entodinium alpinum; B. Entodinium ibicis; C. Entodinium couturier; D. Entodinium wertheimi; E. Entodinium salmani; F. Ophryoscolex monoacanthus. G-H: frequent species in observations of caprine rumen samples; G. Isotricha prostoma; H. Dasytricha ruminantium; I. Entodinium dubardi; J. Entodinium caudatum; K. Entodinium exiguum; L. Entodinium minimum; M. Entodinium simplex; N. Entodinium longinucleatum; O. Epidinium ecaudatum. Abbreviations: ACZ, adoral ciliary zone; CV, contractile vacuole; CS, caudal spine; Ma, macronucleus; Mi, micronucleus; Ve, vestibulum; Sk, skeletal plate. Scale bar:10μm.
FIGURE 4 in A new species of genus Rhabdophrya (Ciliophora: Suctorea) from the west coast of India and comments on the genus taxonomy
FIGURE 4. Known species of genus Rhabdophrya. A–D—Rhabdophrya trimorpha: A—trophont stage, B—budding trophont, C—just separated swarmer, D—developed swarmer; E—Rhabdophrya truncata; F—Rhabdophrya populiformis; G—Rhabdophrya nymphonis (A–D after Collin 1912; E–G after Kahl 1934).
FIGURE 3. Rhabdophrya mumbaiensis n in A new species of genus Rhabdophrya (Ciliophora: Suctorea) from the west coast of India and comments on the genus taxonomy
FIGURE 3. Rhabdophrya mumbaiensis n. sp. A, B—magnified view of first specimen (A—frontal view; B—lateral view); C, D—schematic drawing of Rhabdophrya mumbaiensis n. sp. (C—frontal view; D—lateral view of first specimen); E—magnified view of second specimen.
Figure 7 in Updating the phylogeny and taxonomy of pleurostomatid ciliates (Protista: Ciliophora) with establishment of a new family, a new genus and two new species
Figure 7. The Bayesian inference (BI) tree inferred from small subunit ribosomal DNA (SSU rDNA) sequence data, displaying the phylogenetic positions of Loxophyllum apochlorelligerum sp. nov. and Paralitonotus foissneri sp. nov. (red font). Red arrow and red box show the position of Paralitonotidae. Numbers at nodes represent the bootstrap values of BI out of 1000 replicates. The scale bar corresponds to one substitution per 200 nucleotide positions.
Figure 6 in Updating the phylogeny and taxonomy of pleurostomatid ciliates (Protista: Ciliophora) with establishment of a new family, a new genus and two new species
Figure 6. The maximum likelihood (ML) tree inferred from small subunit ribosomal DNA (SSU rDNA) sequence data, displaying the phylogenetic positions of Loxophyllum apochlorelligerum sp. nov. and Paralitonotus foissneri sp. nov. (red font). Red arrow and red box show the position of Paralitonotidae. Numbers at nodes represent the bootstrap values of ML out of 1000 replicates. The scale bar corresponds to one substitution per 100 nucleotide positions.
Figure 2 in Updating the phylogeny and taxonomy of pleurostomatid ciliates (Protista: Ciliophora) with establishment of a new family, a new genus and two new species
Figure 2. Paralitonotus foissneri sp. nov. in life (A–D) and after silver proteinate staining (E–H). A, left view of a typical individual; the arrow marks the contractile vacuole. B, right view of an extended individual; the arrow marks the contractile vacuole. C, extrusomes. D, nuclear apparatus. E, details of the oral region. F, shape variants. G, anterior portion of right side; the arrow marks the anterior end of the second rightmost right kinety (green line), and the arrowhead points to the anterior end of the rightmost right kinety (blue line). H, I, ciliary patterns of left (H) and right (I) sides of the holotype specimen. Abbreviations: DB, dorsal brush; PK1, perioral kinety 1; PK2, perioral kinety 2; RKn, rightmost right kinety; RKn−1, the second rightmost right kinety. Scale bars: 75 µm in A; 100 µm in B, D; 2 µm in C; 40 µm in G, H.
Figure 3 in Updating the phylogeny and taxonomy of pleurostomatid ciliates (Protista: Ciliophora) with establishment of a new family, a new genus and two new species
Figure 3. Photomicrographs of Paralitonotus foissneri sp. nov. in life (A–I), after silver proteinate staining (J–L) and after Hoechst 33342 staining (M). A, B, left views. C, right view; the arrow marks the contractile vacuole. D–F, G, I, shape variants; the arrow points to the contractile vacuole, and the arrowhead marks macronuclear nodules. H, details of cytoplasm; arrowheads point to extrusomes. J, right side of the holotype specimen. K, macronuclear nodules. L, details of anterior portion of right side; asterisks mark the anterior end of right somatic kineties. M, showing the nuclear apparatus; arrowhead indicates the micronucleus, and arrows show the macronuclear nodules. Abbreviations: Ma, macronucleus; PK1, perioral kinety 1. Scale bars: 100 µm in A–E; 40 µm in F, G, J; 75 µm in I; 30 µm in M.
Figure 7 in Phylogeny of a new ciliate family Clampidae fam. nov. (Protista: Ciliophora), with notes on morphology and morphogenesis
Figure 7. The infraciliature of eight urostylid families. A–D, four families assigned in the order Urostylida by Lynn (2008), arrow in D indicates the rightmost midventral row as a pseudorow. C–F, four families assigned in the Urostyloidea by Berger (2006). G, Bergeriellidae Liu et al., 2010. H, the new family Clampidae.
Figure 3 in Phylogeny of a new ciliate family Clampidae fam. nov. (Protista: Ciliophora), with notes on morphology and morphogenesis
Figure 3. Morphology of Clampia sinica gen. et sp. nov.from life (A–E), after protargol staining (F, G) and photomicrographs of Clampia sinica in vivo (H–K, Q–S, bright field; L–P, differential interference contrast). A, B, ventral views of representative specimens. C, D, ventral (C) and dorsal (D) view showing the distribution of cortical granules. E, ventral views of individuals, showing different body shapes, location of contractile vacuoles. F, G, ventral (F) and dorsal (G) view of the holotype specimen showing the infraciliature and nuclear apparatus. H–M, ventral views of typical individuals, showing the flexibility of body and different body shapes, arrow marks the contractile vacuole. N–P, ventral (N) and dorsal (O, P) views, showing cortical granules (arrowheads). Q, ventral view of the anterior portion, to show adoral zone of membranelles and frontoventral cirri. R, posterior part of cell, showing irregular granules of cytoplasm and a food vacuole (arrow). S, macronuclear nodules (arrowheads). Abbreviations: AZM, adoral zone of membranelles; BC, buccal cirri; e, endoral membrane; FVR1–3, frontoventral rows; LMR, left marginal row; Ma, macronuclear nodules; MV n and n–1, long midventral rows; p, paroral membrane; RMR, right marginal row; TC, transverse cirri; DK1–3, dorsal kineties; 1–3, short midventral rows. Scale bars: 50 µm.
Figure 10. A in Updating the phylogeny and taxonomy of pleurostomatid ciliates (Protista: Ciliophora) with establishment of a new family, a new genus and two new species
Figure 10. A hypothetical evolutionary trajectory of Pleurostomatida based on morphological and molecular data.
Figure 2 in Phylogeny of a new ciliate family Clampidae fam. nov. (Protista: Ciliophora), with notes on morphology and morphogenesis
Figure 2. Maximum likelihood (ML) phylogenetic tree inferred from 18S rRNA gene sequences. Numbers near nodes represent the bootstrap values of ML analyses and posterior probability of Bayesian inference (BI). Nodes designated by an asterisk correspond to nodes not recovered in the estimated BI tree. The scale bar corresponds to 0.01 expected nucleotide substitutions per site. The newly-sequenced Clampia sinica gen. et sp. nov. provided in the present work is indicated in bold red font. The morphologically similar species are marked in bold blue font.
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