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3,630 results for “Forming”
Data from: Cortical reactivation of spatial and non-spatial features coordinates with hippocampus to form a memory dialogue
<p>Episodic memories comprise diverse attributes of experience distributed across neocortical areas. The hippocampus is integral to rapidly binding these diffuse representations, as they occur, to be later reinstated. However, the nature of the information exchanged during this hippocampal-cortical dialogue remains poorly understood. A recent study has shown that the secondary motor cortex carries two types of representations: place cell-like activity, which were impaired by hippocampal lesions, and responses tied to visuo-tactile cues, which became more pronounced following hippocampal lesions. Using two-photon Ca<sup>2+</sup> imaging to record neuronal activities in the secondary motor cortex of male Thy1-GCaMP6s mice, we assessed the cortical retrieval of spatial and non-spatial attributes from previous explorations in a virtual environment. We show that, following navigation, spontaneous resting state reactivations convey varying degrees of spatial (trajectory sequences) and non-spatial (visuo-tactile attributes) information, while reactivations of non-spatial attributes tend to precede reactivations of spatial representations surrounding hippocampal sharp-wave ripples.</p>
Pix2pix training dataset for predicting nuclei form brightfield images
<p>Dataset for training pix2pix model to predict nuclei from brightfield images of MDA-MB-231. </p><p>This dataset contains 1600 brightfield and 1600 nuclei images. </p><p>The nuclei were labeled using sir-DNA (Cytoskeleton). Cells were imaged live (37 °C, 5% CO2) using a Nikon Eclipse Ti2-E microscope (Nikon) equipped with an sCMOS Orca Flash4.0 camera (Hamamatsu) and controlled by the NIS-Elements software (Nikon, v 5.11.01). MDA-MB-231 cells were imaged using a 20× Nikon CFI Plan Apo Lambda objective (NA 0.75), either 1 frame per minute for 2 hours or 1 frame every 5 minutes for 17 hours. In these experiments, a camera binning of 2 × 2 was used. </p>
Figs 32–37. Head tubercles located and form. 32–34 in ON SPLITTING OF THE GENUS NOTOCUPES (COLEOPTERA: ARCHOSTEMATA): NEW DATA ON MORPHOLOGY AND TAXONOMY
Figs 32–37. Head tubercles located and form. 32–34 – linedrawings: 32 – Rhabdocupes
Detailed Controller Synthesis and Laboratory Verification of a Matching-Controlled Grid-Forming Inverter for Microgrid Applications
<p><strong>Figure5 Blackstart:</strong><br>BS->blackstart<br>noload/min/inter->Initial load<br>U4 -> Voltage waveforms<br>Udq-> Voltage dq values</p> <p><strong>Figure6 Stat<br></strong>data_sati_voltage3 -> Current and voltage waveforms<br>THD -> THD values<br><br><strong>Figure7 Trans:</strong></p> <p>Trans4to7kwdq-> dq values<br>Trans4to7kwPower->P and Q values<br>Trans4to7kwUI->Waveforms</p> <p><strong>Figure8 DCSens:</strong><br>Test1-14 -> Tests corresponding to DC bus sensitivity<br>p/i min/max -> identifier wether p or i value were increased/decreased</p> <p><strong>Figure9 ACsens:</strong><br>AC0-22 -> Tests corresponding to AC sensitivity</p> <p> </p>
Season-specific impacts of climate change on canopy-forming seaweed communities
<p><span>Understory assemblages associated with canopy-forming species such as trees, kelps, and rockweeds should respond strongly to climate stressors due to strong interaction strengths. Climate change can directly and indirectly modify these assemblages, particularly during more stressful seasons and climate scenarios. </span><span>However, fully understanding the seasonal impacts of different climate conditions on canopy-reliant assemblages is difficult due to a continued emphasis on studying single species responses to a single future climate scenario during a single season. To examine these more complex interactions, we used mesocosm experiments to expose intertidal assemblages associated with the canopy-forming golden rockweed, <em>Silvetia compressa</em>, to elevated temperature and pCO<sub>2 </sub>conditions reflecting two projected greenhouse emission scenarios [RCP 2.6 (low) & RCP 4.5 (moderate)]. Assemblages were grown in the presence and absence of <em>Silvetia</em>, and in two seasons. Relative to ambient conditions, predicted climate scenarios generally suppressed <em>Silvetia</em> biomass and photosynthetic efficiency. However, these effects varied seasonally - both future scenarios reduced <em>Silvetia</em> biomass in summer, but only the moderate scenario did so in winter. These reductions shifted the assemblage, with more extreme shifts occurring in summer. Contrarily, future scenarios did not shift assemblages within <em>Silvetia </em>Absent treatments, suggesting that climate primarily affected assemblages indirectly through changes in <em>Silvetia</em>. Mesocosm experiments were coupled with a field <em>Silvetia</em>-removal experiment to simulate the effects of climate-mediated <em>Silvetia</em> loss on natural assemblages. Consistent with the mesocosm experiment, <em>Silvetia</em> loss resulted in season-specific assemblage shifts, with weaker effects observed in winter. Together,</span><span> our study supports the hypotheses that climate-mediated changes to canopy-forming species can indirectly affect the associated assemblage, and that these effects vary seasonally. Such seasonality is important to consider as it may provide periods of recovery when conditions are less stressful, especially if we can reduce the severity of future climate scenarios. </span></p>
Wintertime daily Arctic sea ice surface form drag from ASCAT during 2006-2021
<p>This dataset contains wintertime (Nov-Apr) daily Arctic sea ice surface form drag derived from ASCAT (2006-2021). The spatial resolution is 12.5*12.5 km projected onto a polar stereographic grid. The daily file (in netCDF format) contains three variables: Cdnfr, Cdn, and SIC_90_label. Cdnfr is the surface form drag (at 10m and in neutral stability), which is only valid for pixels with sea ice concentration (SIC) over 90%. Cdn is the total drag coefficient over sea ice as a sum of skin drag, surface form drag (Cdnfr), and floe form drag. SIC_90_label is a binary map labeling pixels with SIC>90% as 1. The geolocation information is provided in "PS_12500_grid_lat_lon.nc", which contains longitude and latitude for each grid cell and projection information. For the use of the dataset and details of the retrieval algorithm, please cite and read the following paper:<br>Zhang Z, Hui F, Shokr M, et al. Winter Arctic Sea Ice Surface Form Drag During 1999–2021: Satellite Retrieval and Spatiotemporal Variability[J]. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2023, doi: 10.1109/TGRS.2023.3347694.</p>
Wintertime daily Arctic sea ice surface form drag from QuikSCAT during 1999-2009
<p>This dataset contains wintertime (Nov-Apr) daily Arctic sea ice surface form drag derived from QuikSCAT (1999-2009). The spatial resolution is 12.5*12.5 km projected onto a polar stereographic grid. The daily file (in netCDF format) contains three variables: Cdnfr, Cdn, and SIC_90_label. Cdnfr is the surface form drag (at 10m and in neutral stability), which is only valid for pixels with sea ice concentration (SIC) over 90%. Cdn is the total drag coefficient over sea ice as a sum of skin drag, surface form drag (Cdnfr), and floe form drag. SIC_90_label is a binary map labeling pixels with SIC>90% as 1. The geolocation information is provided in "PS_12500_grid_lat_lon.nc", which contains longitude and latitude for each grid cell and projection information. For the use of the dataset and details of the retrieval algorithm, please cite and read the following paper:</p> <p>Zhang Z, Hui F, Shokr M, et al. Winter Arctic Sea Ice Surface Form Drag During 1999–2021: Satellite Retrieval and Spatiotemporal Variability[J]. <em>IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing</em>, 2023, doi: 10.1109/TGRS.2023.3347694.</p>
Small bottle in the form of a bull
ID no.: FZRS/59 Museum: Collection of the Sosenko Family Foundation https://muzea.malopolska.pl/en/objects-list/1704 Digitalisation: RDW MIC, Virtual Małopolska project Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Stirrup vessel in form of an animal
Stirrup vessel in the Bonn Collection of the Americas at the University of Bonn (Inv. Nr. Hn34) * Object: Stirrup vessel in form of an animal, maybe a jaguar, polychrome painting. * Place of origin: Peru, coast * Acquisition: 2013 * Collection: Teddy Hahn * Hardware: Nikon D7500, Nikon 40 mm macro * Software: RealityCapture, Substance Designer, Blender Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Vessel in form of a jaguar
Vessel in the Bonn Collection of the Americas at the University of Bonn (Inv. Nr.L5) * Object: Vessel in form of a jaguar, narrow spout with handle, polychrome painting. * Hardware: Nikon D7500, Nikon 40 mm macro * Software: RealityCapture, Substance Designer, Blender Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Land(Scape)/(Form)
Riverside Museum, Zaha Hadid, 2011 Rolex Learning Center, SANAA, 2010 Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
1900 dress form
The 3D model presents a historical dress form dating to 1900s. The virtual mannequin was generated automatically by using 3D scannig (for further details see https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCST-06-2019-0093). The authors of the 3D model are Aleksei Moskvin https://independent.academia.edu/AlekseiMoskvin Mariia Moskvina https://independent.academia.edu/MariiaMoskvina (Saint Petersburg State University of Industrial Technologies and Design) and Victor Kuzmichev https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Viktor-Kuzmichev (Ivanovo State Polytechnic University) Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Vessel in form of a fish
Vessel in the Bonn Collection of the Americas at the University of Bonn (Inv. Nr. GB41) * Object: vessel with handle in form of a fish, slightly damaged. * Place of origin: Peru * Culture: Lambayeque * Acquisition: 2016 as a permanent loan from Stadtmuseum Grevenbroich * Collection: Grevenbroich * Hardware: Nikon D7500, Nikon 40 mm macro * Software: RealityCapture, Substance Designer, Blender Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Lantern in the form of a temple
ID no.: MAK/AS/1262 Archaeological Museum in Kraków https://muzea.malopolska.pl/en/objects-list/1543 Digitalisation: RDW MIC, Virtual Małopolska project Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Data from: Contrasting the form and strength of pre- and postcopulatory sexual selection in a flatworm
<p>Sexual traits may be selected during multiple consecutive episodes of selection, occurring before, during, or after copulation. In the research article entitled "Contrasting the form and strength of pre- and postcopulatory sexual selection in a flatworm", published in <em>Evolution</em>, we measured pre- and postcopulatory phenotypic traits alongside variation in fitness components at different episodes. Namely, we assessed the mating success, sperm-transfer efficiency, and sperm fertilising efficiency of focal worms in which we measured 13 morphological traits, and performed multivariate selection analyses assessing the form and strength of selection. We archived the datasets and R scripts necessary to reproduce all analyses performed in this paper.</p>
Phylogeny and climate explain contrasting hydraulic traits in different life forms of 150 woody Fabaceae species
<ol> <li>The contrasting hydraulic traits observed among different plant life forms are shaped by entangled environmental and evolutionary processes. However, we lack an understanding of the relative importance of life form, climate and phylogeny in explaining the variance of hydraulic traits.</li> <li>We analyzed seven hydraulic traits and eleven climatic variables of 150 Fabaceae species representing three life forms from 62 sites worldwide, using phylogenetic comparative analyses and variance partitioning.</li> <li>The phylogenetic signal found in most traits disappeared after considering life form, indicating that phylogenetic conservatism in traits originated from the divergence among life forms. The trait-climate relationships were also phylogenetically dependent, implying that trait responses are driven by climate and phylogeny together. Variance partitioning showed that phylogeny and climate explained greater trait variation than life form did.</li> <li> <em>Synthesis. </em>The climate-driven hydraulic trait responses in Fabaceae still existed with phylogeny being considered, suggesting that this large family may be particularly sensitive to climate change.<em> </em>Our results emphasize the need to include phylogeny in plant hydraulic adaptation studies under future climate change.</li> </ol>
Data to form periodic lossless ternary seeds of maximum weight (Part 1)
<p>Data to form periodic lossless ternary seeds of maximum weight.<br> <br> Detailed information can be found in the GitHub project (https://github.com/vtman/perlotSeeds). Codes to generate periodic blocks (binary and ternary) can also be found there.<br> <br> Binary seeds can have only two symbols (0 = "do not care" = "_" or 1 = "match" = "#"). The length of a seed is the number of its elements, weight of a seed is the number of its 1-elements. The goal is to find seeds of maximum weight, so they can be used when there are two strings with a given number of mismatches. It is observed that in many cases these seeds of maximum weight have a periodic structure: the same block is repeated multiple times + its remainder. Blocks for binary seeds can be found with the help of the PerFSeeB project (https://github.com/vtman/PerFSeeB). These blocks have the maximum possible weight. <br> <br> In genetics, we have four symbols in sequences (A, C, G, T). However, the chance of having a pointwise mutation is not the same for any pairs. A <strong>transition</strong> mutation (A ↔ G or C ↔ T) is often twice higher than a <strong>transversion</strong> mutation (A ↔ C, A ↔ T, G ↔ C, G ↔ T). Transition-constrained seeds use ternary alphabet {<strong>#</strong>, <strong>@</strong>, <strong>_</strong>} where <strong>@</strong> is for a match or a transition mismatch. To generate ternary seeds, we first need to generate ternary blocks. These ternary blocks can be found when we use binary blocks. However, sometimes, we need to use binary blocks for less than the maximum weight.<br> <br> BinaryDataLevel.zip contains binary blocks (mostly of maximum weight, but 1/5 are for smaller weights (less than one and a couple of blocks than two)). <br> <br> Files T1V1.zip, T1V2.zip,..., and T8V1.zip contain ternary blocks in binary format. T4V2.zip and T7V2.zip are in the other dataset.<br> <br> File bestTernary.zip contains ternary seeds of maximum weight (calculated as the number of # symbols + half of @ symbols)</p>
Global leaf sulphur stoichiometry and the relationships with nitrogen and phosphorus: phylogeny, growth form and environmental controls
<p>Sulphur (S) is an essential bioelement with vital roles in serving regulatory and catalytic functions, and tightly coupled with N and P in plants. However, globally stoichiometric patterns of leaf S and its relationships to leaf N and P are less well studied. We compiled 31,939 records of leaf-based data for 2,600 plant species across 6,652 sites worldwide. All plant species were divided into different phylogenetic taxa and growth forms. Standard major axis analysis was employed to fit the bivariate element relationships. A phylogenetic linear mixed effect model and a multiple regression model were used to partition the variations of bioelements into phylogeny and environments, and then to estimate the importance of environmental variables. Global geometric mean leaf S, N and P concentrations were 1.44, 15.70 and 1.27 mg g-1, with significant differences among plant groups. Leaf S-N-P positively correlated to each other, ignoring plant groups. The scaling exponents of LN-LS, LP-LS and LN-LP were 0.64, 0.76 and 0.79 for all species, but differed among plant groups. Both phylogeny and environments regulated the bioelements. The variability, rather than mean temperature controlled the bioelements. Phylogeny explained more for the concentrations of all the three bioelements than environments, of which S was the one most affected by phylogenetic taxa.</p>
Fifteen physiological traits related to osmoregulation and reactive oxygen species metabolism in two life form aquatic plants under a natural water salinity gradient on the Tibetan Plateau and Northwest China
<p><span>Aquatic plants, as the primary producers, determine the community structure and ecological function of freshwater ecosystems. However, salinization threatens inland freshwater wetlands and thus the survival of aquatic plants. Exploring the plant physiological responses to increasing water salinity could enhance our understandings of plant adaptive strategies under future climate change regimes in wetlands. We measured 15 physiological traits of 49 aquatic plant species along a large environmental gradient in alpine and arid regions of western China, to explore the physiological adaptions and compare the similarities and differences in adaptive strategies between the two life forms to natural water salinity. We found that both water salinity and low temperature were key factors affecting aquatic plants in alpine and arid regions. Aquatic plants adapt to saline habitats by accumulating proline and sulfur (S) concentrations, and to cold habitats by increasing ascorbate peroxidase activity. Plant trait network analysis showed that the hub trait in emergent plants was S, but in submerged plants was proline, suggesting that emergent plants balanced osmoregulation and reactive oxygen metabolism via S-containing compounds, while submerged plants prioritizing the regulation of osmotic balance via proline.</span></p>
Thermospheric density form GRACE-FO satellite
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