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3,101 results for “Historical”
HHD-Ethiopic: A Historical Handwritten Dataset for Ethiopic OCR
<p>HHD-Ethiopic is a historical handwritten dataset for Ethiopic text-image recognition.</p>
What Darwin couldn't see: Island formation and historical sea levels shape genetic divergence and island biogeography in a coastal marine species
<p>Oceanic islands play a central role in the study of evolution and island biogeography. The Galapagos Islands are one of the most studied oceanic archipelagos but research has almost exclusively focused on terrestrial organisms compared to marine species. Here we used the Galapagos bullhead shark (<em>Heterodontus quoyi</em>) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to examine evolutionary processes and their consequences for genetic divergence and island biogeography in a shallow-water marine species without larval dispersal. The sequential separation of individual islands from a central island cluster gradually established different ocean depths between islands that pose barriers to dispersal in <em>H. quoyi</em>. Isolation-by-resistance analysis suggested that ocean bathymetry and historical sea level fluctuations modified genetic connectivity. These processes resulted in at least three genetic clusters that exhibit low genetic diversity and effective population sizes that scale with island size and the level of geographic isolation. Our results exemplify that island formation and climatic cycles shape genetic divergence and biogeography of coastal marine organisms with limited dispersal comparable to terrestrial taxa. Because similar scenarios exist in oceanic islands around the globe our research provides a new perspective on marine evolution and biogeography with implications for the conservation of island biodiversity.</p>
Historical coral reef benthic cover for the Western Indian Ocean (1970-2008)
<p>Benthic cover data (percent cover) for the Western Indian Ocean. Data have been extracted from published sources through a systematic literature review, and compiled with previously unpublished datasets. Data was collected prior to 2008 through quantitative coral reef surveys (e.g., Line or Point-Intercept-Transects, photo or visual quadrats) and visual estimates. Particular attention was given to compiling live hard coral cover and macro and turf algae cover data due to their importance as principal measures of coral reef health. Data are from 10 Western Indian Ocean countries and territories: Kenya, Seychelles, Tanzania, Mozambique, Comoros, Mayotte, Madagascar, Reunion, Mauritius and South Africa.</p> <p>Data were extracted from grey literature (technical reports, books, and book chapters), scientific journal papers (articles and reviews) and project reports. </p> <p>Data were generally reported as summarised mean cover values at a monitoring site level. Data aggregated at broader geographic scales was also included (e.g., “northern Kenya”), or other classes (e.g., “unspecified 9 sites (protected)”). </p> <p>Data found in more than one publication were identified and cross-referenced to the other sources. Locations were ordered hierarchically by Country, Sector, Site and Station. In some cases, the same site or station may have multiple entries for the same year because of surveys of different reef zones or depths, and this information is provided to enable a distinction to be made. The exact date or year of survey was not clear in a few publications, and this has been recorded in the <em>Year</em> column as either combined years, e.g. 1998/99, general time period, e.g. mid - 1990s, or if no information is available, as ‘n.d’.</p>
Fig. 39. A–D, G in Catalogue of Mycotretus Lacordaire, 1842 (Coleoptera: Erotylidae: Tritomini): an annotated, illustrated and historical approach
Fig. 39. A–D, G. Primary types (dorsal, labels). A–A'. Holotype of Mycotretus partitialis Mader, 1940. B–B'. Holotype of M. prioteloides Mader, 1942. C–C'. Holotype of M. tigrinoides Mader, 1942. D–D'. Holotype of M. tigripennis Mader, 1942. E–E'. Specimen of M. maculatus (Olivier, 1791) from the BMNH collection (UK). F–F'. Topotype of M. tigrinus (Olivier, 1791) from RBINS (Belgium). G–G'. Holotype of M. alvarengai Pecci-Maddalena & Lopes-Andrade, 2018. Scale bars: A–C, E–G = 1 mm; D = 2 mm.
Fig. 36. Lacordaire specimens cont. C–F in Catalogue of Mycotretus Lacordaire, 1842 (Coleoptera: Erotylidae: Tritomini): an annotated, illustrated and historical approach
Fig. 36. Lacordaire specimens cont. C–F. Primary types (dorsal, labels). A–A'. Specimen of Mycotretus rufilabris (Lacordaire, 1842) from the Alvarenga collection (MNRJ, Brazil). B–B'. Specimen of M. sannio Lacordaire, 1842 from the Crotch collection (UMZC, UK). C–C'. Lectotype of M. savignyi Lacordaire, 1842. D–D'. Lectotype of M. scalaris Lacordaire, 1842. E–E'. Lectotype of M. scitulus Lacordaire, 1842. F–F'. Lectotype of M. sexoculatus sexoculatus Lacordaire, 1842. Scale bars: A = 0.5 mm; B–F = 1 mm.
Fig. 35 in Catalogue of Mycotretus Lacordaire, 1842 (Coleoptera: Erotylidae: Tritomini): an annotated, illustrated and historical approach
Fig. 35. Lacordaire primary types (dorsal, labels) cont. A–A'. Lectotype of Mycotretus pulicarius Lacordaire, 1842 [synonym of Mycomystes apicalis (Lacordaire, 1842)]. B–B'. Lectotype of M. pusillus Lacordaire, 1842. C–C'. Lectotype of M. pygmaeus Lacordaire, 1842. D–D'. Lectotype of M. quadrinus Lacordaire, 1842. E–E'. Lectotype of M. quatuordecimguttatus Lacordaire, 1842. F–F'. Lectotype of M. rhodosomus Lacordaire, 1842. Scale bars = 1 mm.
Fig. 33. Lacordaire specimens cont. A–B, E–F in Catalogue of Mycotretus Lacordaire, 1842 (Coleoptera: Erotylidae: Tritomini): an annotated, illustrated and historical approach
Fig. 33. Lacordaire specimens cont. A–B, E–F. Primary types (dorsal, labels). A–A'. Lectotype of Mycotretus melanostictus Lacordaire, 1842. B–B'. Lectotype of M. miniatus Lacordaire, 1842. C–C'. Specimen of M. misellus Lacordaire, 1842 from the Crotch collection (UMZC, UK). D–D'. Specimen of M. nigrivittis Lacordaire, 1842 from MZSP (Brazil). E–E'. Lectotype of M. nigrocinctus Lacordaire, 1842. F–F'. Lectotype of M. nigroterminatus Lacordaire, 1842 [synonym of Mycomystes apicalis (Lacordaire, 1842)]. G–G'. Specimen of M. nugator Lacordaire, 1842 from the Alvarenga collection (MNRJ, Brazil). Scale bars: A–F = 1 mm; G = 0.5 mm.
Fig. 34 in Catalogue of Mycotretus Lacordaire, 1842 (Coleoptera: Erotylidae: Tritomini): an annotated, illustrated and historical approach
Fig. 34. Lacordaire primary types (dorsal, labels) cont. A–A'. Lectotype of Mycotretus palmiphilus Lacordaire, 1842. B–B'. Lectotype of M. partitus Lacordaire, 1842. C–C'. Lectotype of M. pecari Lacordaire, 1842. D–D'. Lectotype of M. polyophthalmus Lacordaire, 1842. E–E'. Lectotype of M. psittacus Lacordaire, 1842. F–F'. Holotype of M. pulchellus Lacordaire, 1842. Scale bars: A–B, E–F = 1 mm; C–D = see Material and methods.
Fig. 32. Lacordaire specimens cont. A, C–F in Catalogue of Mycotretus Lacordaire, 1842 (Coleoptera: Erotylidae: Tritomini): an annotated, illustrated and historical approach
Fig. 32. Lacordaire specimens cont. A, C–F. Primary types (dorsal, labels). A–A'. Lectotype of Mycotretus leprosus Lacordaire, 1842. B–B'. Specimen of M. limbatus (Lacordaire, 1842) from the Crotch collection (UMZC, UK). C–C'. Lectotype of M. luteipes Lacordaire, 1842. D–D'. Lectotype of M. magus Lacordaire, 1842. E–E'. Holotype of M. marginicollis Lacordaire, 1842. F–F'. Lectotype of M. melanopterus Lacordaire, 1842. Scale bars = 1 mm.
Fig. 31. Lacordaire specimens cont. A–D, F in Catalogue of Mycotretus Lacordaire, 1842 (Coleoptera: Erotylidae: Tritomini): an annotated, illustrated and historical approach
Fig. 31. Lacordaire specimens cont. A–D, F. Primary types (dorsal, labels). A–A'. Lectotype of Mycotretus hepaticus Lacordaire, 1842. B–B'. Holotype of M. hilaris Lacordaire, 1842. C–C'. Lectotype of M. intermedius Lacordaire, 1842. D–D'. Lectotype of M. jocosus Lacordaire, 1842. E–E'. Specimen of M. lacertosus Lacordaire, 1842 from the Alvarenga collection (MNRJ, Brazil). F–F'. Lectotype of M. lepidus Lacordaire, 1842. Scale bars: A–D, F = 1 mm; E = 0.5 mm.
Fig. 30 in Catalogue of Mycotretus Lacordaire, 1842 (Coleoptera: Erotylidae: Tritomini): an annotated, illustrated and historical approach
Fig. 30. Lacordaire primary types (dorsal, labels) cont. A–A'. Lectotype of Mycotretus fuscitarsis Lacordaire, 1842 [current combination Mycomystes fuscitarsis (Lacordaire)]. B–B'. Holotype of M. gemmula Lacordaire, 1842 [synonym of Mycomystes apicalis (Lacordaire)]. C–C'. Lectotype of M. gentilis Lacordaire, 1842 [synonym of Mycomystes apicalis (Lacordaire, 1842)]. D–D'. Lectotype of M. godarti Lacordaire, 1842. E–E'. Specimen of M. graniformis Lacordaire, 1842 from MRSN. F–F'. Lectotype of M. graphoderus Lacordaire, 1842. Scale bars = 1 mm.
Fig. 29. Lacordaire specimens cont. A, C–F in Catalogue of Mycotretus Lacordaire, 1842 (Coleoptera: Erotylidae: Tritomini): an annotated, illustrated and historical approach
Fig. 29. Lacordaire specimens cont. A, C–F. Primary types (dorsal, labels). A–A'. Lectotype of Mycotretus dytiscoides Lacordaire, 1842. B–B'. Specimen of M. episcopalis Lacordaire, 1842 from the Alvarenga collection (MNRJ, Brazil). C–C'. Lectotype of M. fasciolatus Lacordaire, 1842. D–D'. Lectotype of M. figuratus Lacordaire, 1842. E–E'. Lectotype of M. flavomarginatus Lacordaire, 1842. F–F'. Holotype of M. floriger Lacordaire, 1842. Scale bars: A, C–F = 1 mm; B = 0.5 mm.
Fig. 28. Lacordaire specimens cont. B, D–F in Catalogue of Mycotretus Lacordaire, 1842 (Coleoptera: Erotylidae: Tritomini): an annotated, illustrated and historical approach
Fig. 28. Lacordaire specimens cont. B, D–F. Primary types (dorsal, labels). A–A'. Specimen of Mycotretus difficilis Lacordaire, 1842 from the MZSP collection (Brazil). B–B'. Lectotype of M. distigma Lacordaire, 1842. C–C'. Specimen of M. dorsofasciatus Lacordaire, 1842 from the Crotch collection (UMZC, UK). D–D'. Holotype of M. dorsonotatus Lacordaire, 1842. E–E'. Lectotype of M. dubius Lacordaire, 1842. F–F'. Lectotype of M. durius Lacordaire, 1842. Scale bars = 1 mm.
Fig. 14. A–C, E–F in Catalogue of Mycotretus Lacordaire, 1842 (Coleoptera: Erotylidae: Tritomini): an annotated, illustrated and historical approach
Fig. 14. A–C, E–F. Primary types (dorsal, labels). A–A'. Lectotype of Erotylus ornatus Duponchel [currently Mycotretus ornatus (Duponchel)]. B–B'. Lectotype of E. maculosus Duponchel, 1825 [currently M. maculosus (Duponchel)]. C–C'. Lectotype of E. sanguineus Duponchel, 1825 [currently M. sanguineus (Duponchel)]. D–D'. Topotype of M. unicolor Fauvel, 1860 from RBINS (Belgium) [synonym of Mycomystes coccineus (Lacordaire, 1842)]. E–E'. Lectotype of M. aegrotus Gorham, 1888. F–F'. Lectotype of M. alternans Gorham, 1888. Scale bars = 1 mm.
Fig. 26. A–B, D–F in Catalogue of Mycotretus Lacordaire, 1842 (Coleoptera: Erotylidae: Tritomini): an annotated, illustrated and historical approach
Fig. 26. A–B, D–F. Primary types (dorsal, labels). A–A'. Lectotype of Mycotretus virgatus Kuhnt, 1910 [= Iphiclus virgatus (Kuhnt), comb. nov.]. B–B'. Holotype of M. ziczac ziczac Kuhnt, 1910. C–C'. Specimen of M. aestuans Lacordaire, 1842 from the Alvarenga collection (MNRJ, Brazil). D–D'. Lectotype of M. ambulator Lacordaire, 1842. E–E'. Lectotype of M. apicalis Lacordaire, 1842 [current combination Mycomystes apicalis (Lacordaire)]. F–F'. Lectotype of M. argus Lacordaire, 1842. Scale bars: A = see Material and methods; B–F = 1 mm.
Fig. 23 in Catalogue of Mycotretus Lacordaire, 1842 (Coleoptera: Erotylidae: Tritomini): an annotated, illustrated and historical approach
Fig. 23. Primary types (dorsal, labels). A–A'. Lectotype of Mycotretus pelliciens Kirsch, 1876. B–B'. Lectotype of M. peruvianus (Kirsch, 1876) [present combination Mycomystes peruvianus (Kirsch)]. C–C'. Lectotype of M. puncticeps Kirsch, 1865. D–D'. Lectotype of M. suturalis Kirsch, 1876. E–E'. Lectotype of M. bicoloratus Kuhnt, 1911 [= M. bicolor Kirsch, 1876 (invalid name)]. F–F'. Lectotype of M. derasofasciatus Kuhnt, 1910. Scale bars: A–E = 1 mm; F = see Material and methods.
Fig. 20 in Catalogue of Mycotretus Lacordaire, 1842 (Coleoptera: Erotylidae: Tritomini): an annotated, illustrated and historical approach
Fig. 20. Gorham primary types (dorsal, labels) cont. A–A'. Lectotype of Mycotretus rubidus Gorham, 1888. B–B'. Holotype of M. rufipennis Gorham, 1888. C–C'. Lectotype of M. sandicatus Gorham, 1888. D–D'. Lectotype of M. sexpunctatus Gorham, 1888. E–E'. Lectotype of M. spadiceus Gorham, 1888. F–F'. Lectotype of M. stramineus Gorham, 1888. Scale bars = 1 mm.
Fig. 7 in Catalogue of Mycotretus Lacordaire, 1842 (Coleoptera: Erotylidae: Tritomini): an annotated, illustrated and historical approach
Fig. 7. Crotch primary types (dorsal, labels) cont. A–A'. Lectotype of Mycotretus guatemalae Crotch, 1876. B–B'. Lectotype of M. illustris Crotch, 1876. C–C'. Lectotype of M. laeviventris Crotch, 1876. D–D'. Lectotype of M. lissomoides Crotch, 1876. E–E'. Lectotype of M. mutabilis Crotch, 1876. F–F'. Lectotype of M. mycetophagoides Crotch, 1876. Scale bars = 1 mm.
Fig. 13. A–D in Catalogue of Mycotretus Lacordaire, 1842 (Coleoptera: Erotylidae: Tritomini): an annotated, illustrated and historical approach
Fig. 13. A–D. Duponchel primary types (dorsal, labels). A–A'. Lectotype of Erotylus coronatus Duponchel, 1825 [currently Mycotretus coronatus (Duponchel)]. B–B'. Lectotype of E. decoratus Duponchel, 1825 [currently M. decoratus (Duponchel)]. C–C'. Lectotype of E. duodecimguttatus Duponchel, 1825 [currentlyM. duodecimguttatus (Duponchel)].D–D'. Lectotype of E. melanophthalmus Duponchel, 1825 [currently Mycomystes melanophthalmus (Duponchel)]. E–E'. Specimen of M. minutus (Duponchel, 1825) from the DZUP collection (Brazil). F–F'. Specimen of M. nigropunctatus (Duponchel, 1825) from the Brême collection (MRSN). Scale bars: A–D = 1 mm; E = 0.5 mm; F = see Material and methods.
Fig. 6 in Catalogue of Mycotretus Lacordaire, 1842 (Coleoptera: Erotylidae: Tritomini): an annotated, illustrated and historical approach
Fig. 6. Crotch primary types (dorsal, labels) cont. A–A'. Lectotype of Mycotretus deyrollei Crotch, 1876. B–B'. Lectotype of M. dimidiatus Crotch, 1876 [= M. seminiger Harold, 1876]. C–C'. Lectotype of M. egae Crotch, 1876. D–D'. Lectotype of M. episcaphoides Crotch, 1876. E–E'. Lectotype of M. fulviceps Crotch, 1876. F–F'. Lectotype of M. fulvilabris Crotch, 1876. Scale bars = 1 mm.
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.