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FIG. 2 in Micropaleontological parameters as proxies of late Miocene surface water properties and paleoclimate in Gavdos Island, eastern Mediterranean

FIG. 2. — Lithostratigraphical columns of the Ag. Giannis, Potamos and Bo sections, Gavdos Island, Greece.

FIG. 4 in Micropaleontological parameters as proxies of late Miocene surface water properties and paleoclimate in Gavdos Island, eastern Mediterranean

FIG. 4. — Relative frequency curves of the planktonic foraminifera identified in Potamos Section. Refer to Figure 2 for the explanation of the lithostratigraphical column.

FIG. 3 in Chalicotheriidae (Mammalia, Perissodactyla) from the late Miocene of Akkaşdağı, Turkey

FIG. 3. — Ancylotherium pentelicum (Gaudry & Lartet, 1856), left calcaneum (AK2-438), Akkaşdağı; A, dorsal view; B, ventral view. Scale bar: 50 mm.

FIG. 2 in Chalicotheriidae (Mammalia, Perissodactyla) from the late Miocene of Akkaşdağı, Turkey

FIG. 2. — Ancylotherium pentelicum (Gaudry & Lartet, 1856), left duplex (AK5-4), Akkaşdağı; A, dorsal view; B, medial view. Scale bar: 50 mm.

FIG. 4 in Chalicotheriidae (Mammalia, Perissodactyla) from the late Miocene of Akkaşdağı, Turkey

FIG. 4. — Paleogeographic map of middle Tortonian-Meotian showing distribution of localities which yielded Ancylotherium remains (after Rögl 1999, modified). 1, Pikermi; 2, Evia Island localities (Halmyropotamus and Kerassia); 3, Bulgarian localities (Hadjidimovo-1, Kalimantci and Gorna Sushitsa); 4, Titov Veles; 5, Samos; 6, Salihpaşalar; 7, Kemiklitepe A; 8, Gülpınar; 9, Pınaryaka; 10, Konya- Kızılören; 11, Maragha; 12, Molayan; 13, Novo Ukrainka; 14, Spanish localities (Concud, Nombrevilla and Los Valles de Fuentidueña); 15, East African localities (Laitoli and Oldwai Bed I in Tanzania, Cheboit and Lukeino in Kenya, Omo localities in Ethiopia, Nkondo and Kaiso Village in Uganda).

FIG. 1 in Chalicotheriidae (Mammalia, Perissodactyla) from the late Miocene of Akkaşdağı, Turkey

FIG. 1. — Ancylotherium pentelicum (Gaudry & Lartet, 1856), juvenile skull (AK2-293), Akkaşdağı; A, ventral view; B, occlusal view of the left toothrow with P4-M2 and erupting M3. Scale bars: 50 mm.

FIG. 5 in Fossil sea turtles (Chelonii, Dermochelyidae and Cheloniidae) from the Miocene of Pietra Leccese (late Burdigalian-early Messinian), Southern Italy

FIG. 5. — Trachyaspis lardyi Meyer, 1843 (MAUL 988/1 detail), photograph and interpretative drawing. Note the hexagonal, narrow and elongated shape of the neural plate, and the proximal portion of the adjoining left pleural plate. Keels are represented by hard lines, and sectioned surface in grey. Abbreviations: n, neural; pl, pleural. Scale bar: 10 mm.

FIG. 4 in Fossil sea turtles (Chelonii, Dermochelyidae and Cheloniidae) from the Miocene of Pietra Leccese (late Burdigalian-early Messinian), Southern Italy

FIG. 4. — Trachyaspis lardyi Meyer, 1843 (MAUL 992/1), photograph and interpretative drawing of a large portion of a cheloniid carapace. Note the presence of three parallel ridges, the scute sulci pattern (where visible) and the sculptured surface. Abbreviations: bj, bone junction (dotted line); fs, fragmented surface (grey); r, ridge (continuous line); ss, scute sulci (dashed line). Scale bar: 50 mm.

FIG. 1. — A in Fossil sea turtles (Chelonii, Dermochelyidae and Cheloniidae) from the Miocene of Pietra Leccese (late Burdigalian-early Messinian), Southern Italy

FIG. 1. — A, Testudo varicosa Costa, 1851 (MP-CMSNN 8448), type specimen, original drawing by Costa (1864) and photograph of the slab as preserved nowadays. Note that Costa did not follow the original position of the specimen in the slab. T. varicosa is here considered a junior synonym of Trachyaspis lardyi Meyer, 1843; B, Euclastes melii Misuri, 1910 remains, photo and reconstruction (modified from Misuri 1910). Note that a large portion of the reconstructed carapace is not represented in the fossil. Scale bars: A, 40 mm; B, 50 mm.

FIG. 2 in Fossil sea turtles (Chelonii, Dermochelyidae and Cheloniidae) from the Miocene of Pietra Leccese (late Burdigalian-early Messinian), Southern Italy

FIG. 2. — Psephophorus polygonus Meyer, 1846 (MAUL 1008/1), photographs and interpretative drawings: A, dorsal view of the slab and the detail of some elongated ossicles. At left, note the two longitudinal and almost parallel ridges, indicated by hard lines, and that more than five ossicles are present between two ridges; at right, some elongated ossicles that form the ridge are shown; B, transversal section of a ridge: the visceral surface is flat and the dorsal one is convex, the ridge sides are low tilted and the apex is rounded. Abbreviations: sec, section; sed, sediment. Grey areas indicate fragmented surfaces. Scale bars: 50 mm.

FIG. 18 in Tragoportax Pilgrim, 1937 and Miotragocerus Stromer, 1928 (Mammalia, Bovidae) from the Turolian of Hadjidimovo, Bulgaria, and a revision of the late Miocene Mediterranean Boselaphini

FIG. 18. — Cladogram of the main late Miocene Boselaphini taxa. Synapomorphies are shown for each node and for the terminal taxa. See Annexe: Table 5 for characters and states.

FIG. 17 in Tragoportax Pilgrim, 1937 and Miotragocerus Stromer, 1928 (Mammalia, Bovidae) from the Turolian of Hadjidimovo, Bulgaria, and a revision of the late Miocene Mediterranean Boselaphini

FIG. 17. — Comparison of the horn-cores proportions and dimensions, in mm, of M. (Pikermicerus) from Hadjidimovo and Pikermi. Abbreviations: HD, Hadjidimovo; PIK, Pikermi.

FIG. 19 in Tragoportax Pilgrim, 1937 and Miotragocerus Stromer, 1928 (Mammalia, Bovidae) from the Turolian of Hadjidimovo, Bulgaria, and a revision of the late Miocene Mediterranean Boselaphini

FIG. 19. — Mortality profile of Tragoportax rugosifrons (Schlosser, 1904) from the Hadjidimovo taphocoenosis.

FIG. 3 in Fossil sea turtles (Chelonii, Dermochelyidae and Cheloniidae) from the Miocene of Pietra Leccese (late Burdigalian-early Messinian), Southern Italy

FIG. 3. — Psephophorus polygonus Meyer, 1846 (MAUL 990/1a-l), geometric relationships among the slabs belonging to a single specimen. At present, this is the largest known portion of a P. polygonus carapace so far reported in the literature. The ridges are indicated by hard lines. Scale bar: 200 mm.

FIG. 15 in Tragoportax Pilgrim, 1937 and Miotragocerus Stromer, 1928 (Mammalia, Bovidae) from the Turolian of Hadjidimovo, Bulgaria, and a revision of the late Miocene Mediterranean Boselaphini

FIG. 15. — Horn-core proportions and dimensions, in mm, in various taxa of Miotragocerus. Abbreviations: HD, Hadjidimovo; PIK, Pikermi; NIK, Tragoportax sp., Nikiti-2; SAM, Samos.

FIG. 13 in Tragoportax Pilgrim, 1937 and Miotragocerus Stromer, 1928 (Mammalia, Bovidae) from the Turolian of Hadjidimovo, Bulgaria, and a revision of the late Miocene Mediterranean Boselaphini

FIG. 13. — Basal horn-core diameters, in mm, in Tragoportax from various localities (the horn-cores from Maragha represent most probably M. (Pikermicerus), see text). Abbreviations: HD, Hadjidimovo; PIK, Pikermi; DTK, Dytiko; PXM, Prochoma; RZO, Ravin des Zouaves; SAM, Samos; MAR, Maragha.

FIG. 16 in Tragoportax Pilgrim, 1937 and Miotragocerus Stromer, 1928 (Mammalia, Bovidae) from the Turolian of Hadjidimovo, Bulgaria, and a revision of the late Miocene Mediterranean Boselaphini

FIG. 16. — Neurocranial proportions, in mm, of Tragoportax and M. (Pikermicerus) from Hadjidimovo. Length of brain-case from front of horn-cores to top of occipital.

FIG. 12 in Tragoportax Pilgrim, 1937 and Miotragocerus Stromer, 1928 (Mammalia, Bovidae) from the Turolian of Hadjidimovo, Bulgaria, and a revision of the late Miocene Mediterranean Boselaphini

FIG. 12. — Horn-core proportions, in mm, in Tragoportax taxa from various localities. Abbreviations: HD, Hadjidimovo; PIK, Pikermi; DTK, Dytiko; RZO, Ravin des Zouaves; SAM, Samos.

FIG. 4. — A in Tragoportax Pilgrim, 1937 and Miotragocerus Stromer, 1928 (Mammalia, Bovidae) from the Turolian of Hadjidimovo, Bulgaria, and a revision of the late Miocene Mediterranean Boselaphini

FIG. 4. — A, Miotragocerus (Pikermicerus) gaudryi (Kretzoi, 1941), lower tooth-row (no No.); B, Tragoportax rugosifrons (Schlosser, 1904), lower tooth-row (HD-2443); C, T. rugosifrons, upper tooth-row (HD-3664); D, M. (Pikermicerus) gaudryi, upper tooth-row (P2 missing) (HD-3672); E, T. rugosifrons, skull (HD-2040), lateral view; F, same specimen, front view. Scale bar: A-D, 5 cm; E, F, 15 cm.

FIG. 6. — A in Tragoportax Pilgrim, 1937 and Miotragocerus Stromer, 1928 (Mammalia, Bovidae) from the Turolian of Hadjidimovo, Bulgaria, and a revision of the late Miocene Mediterranean Boselaphini

FIG. 6. — A, Tragoportax rugosifrons (Schlosser, 1904), female skull (HD-5138); B, Miotragocerus (Pikermicerus) gaudryi (Kretzoi, 1941), basi-occipital (HD-2007) (stereo); C, T. rugosifrons, occipital (no No.) (stereo). Scale bar: A, 15 cm; B, C, 10 cm.