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709 results for “soil carbon”
Data from: Sensitivity of global soil carbon stocks to combined nutrient enrichment
Soil stores approximately twice as much carbon as the atmosphere and fluctuations in the size of the soil carbon pool directly influence climate conditions. We used the Nutrient Network global change experiment to examine how anthropogenic nutrient enrichment might influence grassland soil carbon storage at a global scale. In isolation, enrichment of nitrogen and phosphorous had minimal impacts on soil carbon storage. However, when these nutrients were added in combination with potassium and micronutrients, soil carbon stocks changed considerably, with an average increase of 0.04 KgCm−2 year−1 (standard deviation 0.18 KgCm−2 year−1). These effects did not correlate with changes in primary productivity, suggesting that soil carbon decomposition may have been restricted. Although nutrient enrichment caused soil carbon gains most dry, sandy regions, considerable absolute losses of soil carbon may occur in high‐latitude regions that store the majority of the world's soil carbon. These mechanistic insights into the sensitivity of grassland carbon stocks to nutrient enrichment can facilitate biochemical modelling efforts to project carbon cycling under future climate scenarios.
Data from: The vertical distribution and control of microbial necromass carbon in forest soils
<p><span><b>Aim:</b> Forest soils contain large amounts of terrestrial organic carbon (C), but the formation pathway of soil organic C (SOC) remains unclear. Recent evidence suggests that microbial necromass is a significant source of SOC, yet a global quantitative assessment across the whole-soil profile is lacking. We aimed to assess the vertical distribution and control of microbial-derived SOC in forest soils.</span></p> <p><span><b>Location:</b> Global forests.</span></p> <p><span><b>Time period:</b> 1996-2019.</span></p> <p><span><b>Major taxa studied:</b> Soil microbial necromass carbon.</span></p> <p><span><b>Methods:</b> We evaluated the proportions of fungal and bacterial necromass C in total SOC in the litter layer, O horizon soil, and various depths of mineral soil in forests using microbial biomarker (glucosamine and muramic acid) data.</span></p> <p><span><b>Results:</b> The total microbial necromass C increased significantly with soil depth, ranging from 30% of SOC in O horizon soil to 62% of SOC in mineral soils below 50 cm. However, only bacterial necromass C followed this increasing trend with soil depth; fungal necromass C showed little variation across the whole-soil profile. Higher fungal and bacterial necromass C was observed in soils with lower C/N ratios and smaller aggregate sizes. Soil C/N ratio and microbial biomass C dominantly determined microbial necromass C in surface soil (above 20 cm), but soil clay content was the primary factor in subsoil (below 20 cm).</span></p> <p><span><b>Main conclusions: </b>Microbial necromass C accounted for high percentages of the total SOC in forest soils (particularly at depths >20 cm), but its long-term stabilization may be governed by different mechanisms at different soil horizons. Substrate quality regulates microbial activity and then controls biomass turnover in surface soil, while aggregate occlusion could facilitate mineral protection of microbial necromass C in subsoil. These differential controls of microbial-derived organic C could be applied in Earth system studies for predicting soil organic C dynamics in forests.</span></p>
Microbial carbon use efficiency promotes global soil carbon storage
<p>This is the data for supporting the findings of the article "<em>Microbial carbon use efficiency promotes global soil carbon storage</em>" <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-023-06042-3">https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-023-06042-3</a></p>
Evaluation and optimisation of the soil carbon turnover routine in the MONICA model (version 3.3.1) - MONICA model source code and data
<p>Zip file consisting of the data used in the manuscript "Evaluation and optimisation of the soil carbon turnover routine in the MONICA model".<br> The data consists of 11 German long term experimenting field sites, formatted in MONICA readable input files. Each consisting of one dataset for weather information (.met), and three .json files describing the management, site and soil properties of each treatment. The validation datasets consist of soil temperature and soil moisture measurement and are distinguishable by the .vals file type/format.</p> <p>For further information please refer to the manuscript.</p>
Carbon sequestration and nitrogen loss drive the evolution of French forest soils: dataset
<p>This dataset contains forest floor and mineral soil chemical properties down to 40 cm depth for two soil sampling campaigns carried out at around 15-year time interval (campaign 1 from 1993 to 1995, campaign 2 from 2007 to 2012) within the 102 permanent plots of the French Network for the Monitoring of Forest Ecosystems (RENECOFOR).</p> <p>Data are reported for soil organic carbon (Corg), total nitrogen (Ntot), C/N ratio (CNratio), exchangeable calcium (Caexch), exchangeable magnesium (Mgexch), exchangeable potassium (Kexch), exchangeable aluminium (Alexch), effective cation exchange capacity (ECEC), extractable phosphorus (P), pH CaCl<sub>2</sub> and pH H<sub>2</sub>O.</p>
Dataset for "Soil fluxes of carbonyl sulfide (COS), carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide in a boreal forest in southern Finland"
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Data from: Sensitivity of global soil carbon stocks to combined nutrient enrichment
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Data from: Reconciling multiple impacts of nitrogen enrichment on soil carbon: plant, microbial, and geochemical controls
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Data from: Top-down control of carbon sequestration: grazing affects microbial structure and function in salt marsh soils
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Data from: Differences in the soil microbial community and carbon use efficiency following development of Vochysia guatemalensis tree plantations in unproductive pastures in Costa Rica
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Data from: Water salinity and inundation control soil carbon decomposition during salt marsh restoration: an incubation experiment
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Data from: The vertical distribution and control of microbial necromass carbon in forest soils
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PahT regulates carbon fluxes in Novosphingobium sp. HR1a and influence its survival in soil and rhizosphere.
GEO Series GSE163593. Novosphingobium sp. HR1a. 12 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Management-induced changes in soil organic carbon and related crop yield dynamics in China's cropland
<p>Enhancing soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration and food supply are vital for human survival when facing climate change. Site-specific best management practices (BMPs) are being promoted for adoption globally as solutions. However, how SOC and crop yield are related to each other in responding to BMPs remains unknown. Here, path analysis based on meta-analysis and machine learning was conducted to identify the effects and potential mechanisms of how the relationship between SOC and crop yield responds to site-specific BMPs in China. The results showed that BMPs could significantly enhance SOC and maintain or increase crop yield. The maximum benefits in SOC (30.6%) and crop yield (79.8%) occurred in mineral fertilizer combined with organic inputs (MOF). Specifically, the optimal SOC and crop yield would be achieved when the areas were arid, soil pH was ≥7.3, initial SOC content was ≤10 g kg<sup>-1</sup>, duration was >10 years, and the nitrogen (N) input level was 100-200 kg ha<sup>-1</sup>. Further analysis revealed that the original SOC level and crop yield change showed an inverted V-shaped structure. The association between the changes in SOC and crop yield might be linked to the positive role of the nutrient-mediated effect. The results generally suggested that improving the SOC can strongly support better crop performance. Limitations in increasing crop yield still exist due to low original SOC levels, and in regions where the excessive N inputs, inappropriate tillage or organic input is inadequate and could be diminished by optimizing BMPs in harmony with site-specific conditions.</p>
Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) L4 Carbon Ancillary Biome Parameter Look Up Table V001
This ancillary SMAP product contains biophysical characteristics (biome parameters) used to estimate carbon fluxes and soil organic carbon in the SMAP L4 Carbon algorithm. Biophysical characteristics were established from previous studies and the parameters defined for the MODIS MOD17 operation GPP algorithm. This data set was refined through regional and global comparisons and calibration of prototype SMAP L4 Carbon calculations.
Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) L4 Carbon Ancillary MODIS Preprocessor Run Time Input Parameters V001
This ancillary SMAP product contains MODIS Fractional Photosynthetically Active Radiation (FPAR) model configurations, including model inputs.
Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) L4 Carbon Ancillary Parameters V001
This ancillary SMAP product contains assorted static ancillary parameters, such as reference grids and land cover classifications, also referred to as Plant Function Type (PFT) maps.
Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) L4 Carbon Ancillary Soil Organic Carbon Restart File V001
This ancillary SMAP product contains the yearly soil organic carbon (SOC) restart file. This file contains the area density of SOC at the start of the year, which is used to calculate daily SOC based on defined deposition and decay rates.
Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) L4 Carbon Ancillary Surface Meteorological Forcing Data V001
This ancillary SMAP product contains dynamic surface meteorological forcing data. The meteorological model is derived from the Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA) data set and used as an input in the SMAP L4 Carbon algorithm. The forcing data is processed from hourly GEOS-5 files into daily values. Daily files are processed every eight days.
Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) L4 Carbon Ancillary Meteorology Preprocessor Run Time Input Parameters V001
This ancillary SMAP product contains meteorological model configurations, including model inputs. The meteorological model is derived from the Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA) data set and used as an input in the SMAP L4 Carbon algorithm.
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.