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FIGURE 4. V3 helix. A. K. adunca ATA3-4Q in Polyphasic characterization of Kastovskya adunca gen. nov. et comb. nov. (Cyanobacteria: Oscillatoriales), from desert soils of the Atacama Desert, Chile

FIGURE 4. V3 helix. A. K. adunca ATA3-4Q-CV17, ATA3-5Q-CV5/LB5, B. Kastovskya adunca ATA6-11-RM4C/RM9/RM11, C. Kastovskya adunca ATA6-11-RM4A, D. Kastovskya adunca ATA6-11-RM10, E. Phormidium sp. B-Tom, F. Microcoleus sp. WJT32- NPBGF, G. Wilmottia murrayi.

FIGURE 3. D1-D1 in Polyphasic characterization of Kastovskya adunca gen. nov. et comb. nov. (Cyanobacteria: Oscillatoriales), from desert soils of the Atacama Desert, Chile

FIGURE 3. D1-D1' and Box-B helices. A–E. D1-D1' helix, F–I. Box B helix. A. Kastovskya adunca ATA3-4Q-CV17, ATA3-5Q- CV5/LB5, ATA6-11-RM4/RM9/RM11, B. Kastovskya adunca ATA6-11-RM10, C. Phormidium sp. B-Tom, D. "Microcoleus steenstrupii" WJT32-NPBGF, E. Wilmottia murrayi, F. Kastovskya adunca ATA3-4Q-CV17, ATA3-5Q-CV5/LB5, ATA6-11-RM4/ RM9/RM10/RM11, G. Phormidium sp. B-Tom, H. "Microcoleus steenstrupii" WJT32-NPBGF, I. Wilmottia murrayi.

FIGURE 2 in Polyphasic characterization of Kastovskya adunca gen. nov. et comb. nov. (Cyanobacteria: Oscillatoriales), from desert soils of the Atacama Desert, Chile

FIGURE 2. Phylogenetic position of the genus Kastovskya in the order Oscillatoriales based on Bayesian analysis with 16S rRNA gene sequence data. Posterior probabilities/bootstrap support from parsimony analysis reported above nodes.

FIGURE 1 in Polyphasic characterization of Kastovskya adunca gen. nov. et comb. nov. (Cyanobacteria: Oscillatoriales), from desert soils of the Atacama Desert, Chile

FIGURE 1. Morphological variability of Kastovskya adunca. A. Single filament of multiple intertwined trichomes. B–E. Various shapes of apical cells. F–G. Fasciculated thylakoids in cells. H. Necridia. I. Pointed apical cell. J. Hormogonium. K. Undulated edges of the sheath. L. Fasciculated thylakoids. M. Conical apical cell, sheath properties, and fascicles of thylakoids. Scale bar = 10 µm (A at lower magnification, B–M share the scale bar from B).

FIGURE 2 in Morphological and molecular studies of Neosynechococcus sphagnicola, gen. et sp. nov. (Cyanobacteria, Synechococcales)

FIGURE 2. Phylogenetic tree of the Synechococcus-like cyanobacteria and other reference taxa from orders Chroococcales and Oscillatoriales based on 16S rRNA using maximum likelihood topology. The bootstrap support values are at the nodes in order – maximum likelihood, neighbour joining, maximum parsimony. Only values higher than 50% are presented, asterisk represents 99 and 100% bootstrap value. Studied strain is printed in bold and arrows represent polyphyletic lineages of the polyphyletic genus Synechococcus sensu lato.

FIGURE 4 in Morphological and molecular studies of Neosynechococcus sphagnicola, gen. et sp. nov. (Cyanobacteria, Synechococcales)

FIGURE 4. Phylogenetic analysis based on complete sequence of the rbcL gene of the closest relatives identified by BLAST. It is based on maximum likelihood topology and support values at the nodes are in following order: maximum likelihood, neighbour joining, maximum parsimony. Studied strain is printed in bold.

FIGURE 3 in Morphological and molecular studies of Neosynechococcus sphagnicola, gen. et sp. nov. (Cyanobacteria, Synechococcales)

FIGURE 3. Phylogenetic analysis based on complete sequence of the 16S-23S ITS region of the closest relatives identified by BLAST and available sequences of Leptolyngbya and Synechococcus It is based on maximum likelihood topology and support values at the nodes are in following order: maximum likelihood, neighbour joining, maximum parsimony. Studied strain is printed in bold.

FIGURE 1 in Morphological and molecular studies of Neosynechococcus sphagnicola, gen. et sp. nov. (Cyanobacteria, Synechococcales)

FIGURE 1. Morphological variability of Neosynechococcus sphagnicola. A–B. Population living inside Sphagnum sp. hyalocytes, + pseudofilament formation, arrow shows formation of the cell wall invagination. C–D. TEM (cross-sections), * parietal arrangement of thylakoids, ** granule of polyhydroxybutyrate, *** invaginations of cell wall, X polyphosphate body, XX cyanophycin granule, arrow shows cyanophycean starch. E–F. Microphotograph of N. sphagnicola strain. F. Extremely elongated cells. G. Line drawings showing cell differentiation and pseudofilament formation of N. sphagnicola. Scale bars: 5 µm (A, B, E–G), 2 µm (C), 1 µm (D).

FIGURE 8 in Roussoellaceae, a new pleosporalean family to accommodate the genera Neoroussoella gen. nov., Roussoella and Roussoellopsis

FIGURE 8. Roussoellopsis sp. a, b. Conidiomata on host surface (b, arrowheads indicate conidiomata; arrow indicates immature ascoma); c, d. Section of conidiomata; e. Peridium; f–i. Conidia; a–e from KT 1710 (= HHUF 30026); f–i from culture NBRC 106246. ─ Scale bars: a, b = 1 mm; c = 500 µm; d = 100 µm; e, f = 20 µm; g–i = 10 µm.

FIGURE 7. Roussoellopsis tosaensis. a, b in Roussoellaceae, a new pleosporalean family to accommodate the genera Neoroussoella gen. nov., Roussoella and Roussoellopsis

FIGURE 7. Roussoellopsis tosaensis. a, b. Ascostromata on host surface; c, d. Section of ascostromata (in lactophenol cotton blue); e. Peridium (in lactophenol cotton blue); f, g. Asci; h. Apex of ascus; i–n. Ascospores; o, p. Conidiomata on rice straw agar; q. Section of conidiomata; r. Conidiophores; s. Conidiogenous cells (arrow heads indicate annellations); t–w. Conidia; a–n from KT 1659 (= HHUF 29234), o–w from culture JCM 13128 = MAFF 239638. ─ Scale bars: a, b, o = 1 mm; c, p, q = 500 µm; d = 100 µm; e–g, r, w = 20 µm; h–n, s–v = 10 µm.

FIGURE 5. Roussoellopsis japonica. a in Roussoellaceae, a new pleosporalean family to accommodate the genera Neoroussoella gen. nov., Roussoella and Roussoellopsis

FIGURE 5. Roussoellopsis japonica. a. Appearance of ascostromata on the host; b. Ascostromata cut horizontally showing the contents; c. Vertical section through ascostromata; d–i Acsi; j. Pseudoparaphyses; k–u. Ascospores. ─ Scale bars: c = 500 µm; d–i = 30 µm; j–u = 10 µm.

FIGURE 6. Roussoellopsis macrospora. a in Roussoellaceae, a new pleosporalean family to accommodate the genera Neoroussoella gen. nov., Roussoella and Roussoellopsis

FIGURE 6. Roussoellopsis macrospora. a. Ascostromata on host surface; b. Section of ascostromata; c. Peridium; d‒f. Asci; g–j. Ascospores; k. Conidiomata on pine; l. Section of Conidioma; m. Conidiophores; n, o. Conidiogenous cells and conidia; p–t. Conidia. ─ Scale bars: a, k = 1 mm; b, l = 100 µm; d‒e, m = 50 µm; c, g–j, n‒t = 10 µm.

FIGURE 8. Roussoella neopustulans. a in Roussoellaceae, a new pleosporalean family to accommodate the genera Neoroussoella gen. nov., Roussoella and Roussoellopsis

FIGURE 8. Roussoella neopustulans. a. Ascostromata on bamboo culm; b. Section of ascostroma; c. Peridium; d. Pseudoparaphyses; e−h. Asci; i−m. Ascospores; n. Geminating ascospore; o, p. Culture on PDA from after 20 days. ─ Scale bars: a =500 μm; b =100μm; c−n =10 μm; o, p = 30 mm.

FIGURE 9. Roussoella pustulans. a, b in Roussoellaceae, a new pleosporalean family to accommodate the genera Neoroussoella gen. nov., Roussoella and Roussoellopsis

FIGURE 9. Roussoella pustulans. a, b. Ascostromata on host surface; c. Section of ascostroma; d, e. Asci; f. Pseudoparaphyses; g–k. Ascospores; l. Section of conidioma (in lactophenol cotton blue); m. Conidia; a–k from KT 1709 (= HHUF 29229); l, m from culture JCM 13127 = MAFF 239637. ─ Scale bars: a, b = 1 mm, c = 500 µm; d, n = 100 µm; e–i = 20 µm; j–m, o = 5 µm.

FIGURE. 7 Roussoella japanensis. a, b in Roussoellaceae, a new pleosporalean family to accommodate the genera Neoroussoella gen. nov., Roussoella and Roussoellopsis

FIGURE. 7 Roussoella japanensis. a, b. Ascostromata on host surface; c, d. Section of ascostromata; e. Wedge-shaped stromatic region; f. Peridium; g. Pseudoparaphyses; h, i. Asci; j–m. Ascospores (m in indian ink); n. Section of conidioma; o. Conidia; a−m from KT 1651 (= HHUF 29217); n, o from culture JCM 13126 = MAFF 239636. ─ Scale bars: a, b = 1 mm; c = 500 µm; d, n = 100 µm; e−i = 20 µm; j−m, o = 5 µm.

FIGURE. 6 in Roussoellaceae, a new pleosporalean family to accommodate the genera Neoroussoella gen. nov., Roussoella and Roussoellopsis

FIGURE. 6 Roussoella intermedia (HHUF 30025). a, b. Ascostromata on host surface; c, d. Section of ascoma; e. Wedge-shaped stromatic region; f. Peridium; g. Pseudoparaphyses; h, i. Asci; j–r. Ascospores; s. Germinating ascospore. ─ Scale bars: a, b = 1 mm; c = 500 µm; d = 100 µm; e–i, s = 20 µm; j–r = 5 µm.

FIGURE. 5 in Roussoellaceae, a new pleosporalean family to accommodate the genera Neoroussoella gen. nov., Roussoella and Roussoellopsis

FIGURE. 5 Roussoella chiangraina (MFLU 11−0148). a. Ascostromata on host surface; b. Section through astrostroma; c. Section through peridium; d. Ascospores; e. Pseudoparaphyses; f−i. Asci; j−n. Ascospores; o. Germinating ascospore; p. Conidiomata produced on bamboo pieces after two months; q. Section through conidiomata; r. Pycnidial wall; s−t. Conidiogenous cells; u-ac. Conidia; ─ Scale bars: a, b = 200 μm; q = 100 μm; c−i, r = 20 μm; d, s, t, u = 10 μm; j−o = 5 μm; v−ac = 2μm.

FIGURES 21–25 in Actinellopsis murphyi gen. et spec. nov.: A new small celled freshwater diatom (Bacillariophyta, Eunotiales) from Zambia

FIGURES 21–25. SEM images of valve exterior of Actinellopsis murphyi gen. et spec. nov. Figs 21–23. SEM images showing the external valve view. Fig. 24. SEM image of external girdle view showing epi and hypovalves with longer (L) and shorter (S) raphe slits External rimoportulae (R) opening indicated. Fig. 25. SEM image of the external girdle view of dorsal margin. Scale bar = 5 µm (21, 22, 23), 2 µm (24, 25).

FIGURES 1–20 in Actinellopsis murphyi gen. et spec. nov.: A new small celled freshwater diatom (Bacillariophyta, Eunotiales) from Zambia

FIGURES 1–20. LM images of Actinellopsis murphyi gen. et. spec. nov., valves from holotype D-NWU 12-349, Ntumbachushi Falls on Ngona River, in Zambia, showing the size range in valve view. Figs 1–16. Valve view. Figs 17–20. Girdle view. Scale bar = 10 µm.

FIGURES 36–41 in Actinellopsis murphyi gen. et spec. nov.: A new small celled freshwater diatom (Bacillariophyta, Eunotiales) from Zambia

FIGURES 36–41. SEM images of valve interior of Actinellopsis murphyi gen. et. spec. nov. Figs 36–38. SEM images showing the internal valve view. Figs 39–41 SEM images of internal pole showing rimoportulae, helictoglossa and internal areolar openings. Scale bar = 10 µm (37), 5 µm (36, 38), 2 µm (40, 41), 1 µm (39).