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2,260 results for “Climatic change”
Hydrologic Response of the Columbia River System to Climate Change
<p>Hydrologic projections for the Columbia River Basin and coastal drainages in the Pacific Northwest, United States.</p> <p>See http://www.hydro.washington.edu/CRCC/ for more information.</p> <p> </p>
Supplementary material 1 from: Virkkala R, Rajasärkkä A (2012) Preserving species populations in the boreal zone in a changing climate: contrasting trends of bird species groups in a protected area network. Nature Conservation 3: 1-20. https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.3.3635
Mean densities and number of observations of species in 1981–1999 and in 2000–2009
Meteorological and Ecosystem Flux Data for: Climate Change Impacts on Net Ecosystem Productivity in a Subtropical Scrubland of Northwestern México
<p>This dataset accompains the paper: Climate Change Impacts on Net Ecosystem Productivity in a Subtropical Scrubland of Northwestern México which is submitted for publication at the Journal of Geophysical Research - Biogeosciences </p> <p>With this data set, we calibrate and validate an ecohydrological and a soil carbon model to assess climate change impacts in a subtropical scrubland located in northwest México. Model calibration and validation is performed using five continuous years of water, energy and carbon flux measurements from an eddy covariance tower and remotely-sensed vegetation indices. </p>
MDM data for "Wind driven ocean circulation changes can amplify future cooling of the North Atlantic warming hole" - submitted to Journal of Climate
<p>Data files for MDM simulation used in Journal of Climate submission, "Wind driven ocean circulation changes can amplify future cooling of the North Atlantic warming hole"</p>
Irrigation Expansion Required to Mitigate Yield Losses Under Climate Change
<p>The "code" folder contains code and related data to (1) run regression to obtain crop yield sensitivities to temperature and precipitation, (2) conduct bootstrapping approach to resample crop data 1,000 times to derive regression coefficients, and (3) derive pixel-level crop yield changes and additional irrigation needs under 1.5°C and 3°C warming.</p> <p>The "crop_production_summary.xlsx" gives the global and country-level aggregated crop production (e.g., wheat, maize, rice and barley) (unit: 10^12 kcal) during Baseline periods (1996-2005), 1.5°C and 3°C warming above pre-industrial levels (1850-1900) using three irrigation adaptation scenarios: (i) without irrigation adaptation, which means using the historical irrigation extent around 2000 (ii) with full irrigation adaptation, which means applying 100% irrigation over all croplands and (iii) with sustainable irrigation adaptation, which selectively applies irrigation where irrigation practices do not deplete freshwater stocks and impair aquatic ecosystems.</p> <p>The "irr_need_summary.xlsx" gives the global and country-level sustainable and unsustainable irrigation area (unit: million hectares) of each crop (e.g., wheat, maize, rice and barley) in 2000 and additional irrigation area needed to offset warming-induced crop yield losses under 1.5°C and 3°C warming above pre-industrial levels (1850-1900).</p> <p>The "irrigation needed" folder contains pixel-level additional irrigation area fraction for each crop needed to offset warming-induced crop yield losses under 1.5°C and 3°C warming above pre-industrial levels (1850-1900).</p> <p>The "yield change" folder contains pixel-level crop yield change for each crop under 1.5°C and 3°C warming above pre-industrial levels (1850-1900).</p> <p>The "irrigation_sustainable" folder contains pixel-level data on irrigation water sustainability during the Baseline periods (1996-2005) and under 1.5°C and 3°C warming scenarios compared to pre-industrial levels (1850-1900). In this dataset, pixels with values <1 indicate that sustainable irrigation can be applied, while values >=1 indicate that irrigation will be unsustainable.</p> <p>For further details, please contact Liyin He (lhe@carnegiescience.edu) or Lorenzo Rosa (lrosa@carnegiescience.edu).</p>
Harmful Ostreopsis cf. ovata blooms could extend in time span with climate change in the Western Mediterranean Sea
<p>The data and R script provided are related to a study that aimed at simulating the abundance of <em>Ostreopsis cf. ovata</em> in the Western Mediterranean basin, under current and future climate conditions. We obtained <em>O. cf. ovata</em> abundance time series as part of long-term monitoring programs. We then statistically correct physical and biogeochemical reanalysis of the Mediterranean Sea to match in situ environmental conditions to use them as predictors of <em>O cf. ovata </em>cell abundance. Present and future climate simulations are also statistically corrected to fit the distribution of reanalysis. After calibrating and testing our niche model, we used it to identify the main environmental factors that explain <em>O. cf. ovata</em> abundance patterns and, in particular, the occurrence of large blooms in some regions.</p>
Dataset and Screening code for Reviewing Water Conflicts in a Changing Climate
<p>A scoping review was performed to quantify concepts covered in the scientific literature relating to water conflict in a changing climate. The uploaded files consists of:</p> <ul> <li>A list of all studies found using the search terms ("Included studies and categories")</li> <li>All meta categories and concept categories, with all search strings used, ("Included studies and categories") and </li> <li>The MATLAB code used to screen and remove irrelevant studies after the queries. ("Screening_review")</li> <li>An example Excel sheet on how to structure papers for screening using the MATLAB code. ("Example_screening")</li> </ul> <p>All searches were using Scopus and performed 9 Jan 2024. Search terms used were:</p> <ol> <li>(“climate change” OR “global warming” OR “environmental change”) AND (conflict OR dispute) AND (water OR hydrology)</li> <li>(conflict OR dispute) AND hydroclimat*</li> <li>(“water conflict” OR “water dispute”) AND (precipitation OR temperature OR drought)</li> <li>(conflict OR dispute) AND “climate change”</li> <li>hydropolitic*</li> <li>“water conflict” OR “water dispute”</li> </ol> <p>The final publication selection for the scoping review was made based on four criteria, all of which needed to be fulfilled for each selected study:<br>i) the study is considering water-related conflicts (conflicts directly or indirectly related to freshwater aspects, such as water scarcity or lack of access to water); <br>ii) the study considers the water-related conflict(s) in a climate change context (directly or indirectly related to climate change, including direct impact of climate change adaptation measures); <br>iii) the study addresses factors relating to a previous or ongoing act of conflict (violent or non-violent) and not just potential conflicts or conflict mitigation measures, for example for future water resource decline. <br>Relevance based on these criteria was first evaluated by reading the abstracts and the full text was examined only when further clarification on the relevance of a study was needed.</p> <p>For our analysis, we created categories that bring together several similar words around the same broader concepts. For example, the category ‘governance’ includes the words policy, politic\w*, polici\w*, democra\w*, govern\w*, supreme court, minist\w*, and federal (for all concept categories, see the uploaded file). The different categories were further grouped together into category groups: political, livelihoods and industry, climate change, conflict, cooperation, and scale.</p> <p>Results will be found in the open-source article after publication and then the DOI and reference to that article will be added here.</p>
Changes Monitoring in Hongjiannao Lake from 1987-2023 using Google Earth Engine and Analysis of Climatic and Anthropogenic Forces (Climatic Data)
<p>This dataset presents temporal (1987 to 2023) climatic data for the weather station near Hongjiannao Lake.</p>
Changes in Mean Seasonal Carbon Cycle Due to Climate Change
<p>This repository contains the output data of the 3D-CMCC-FEM model (https://github.com/Forest-Modelling-Lab/3D-CMCC-FEM/tree/v.5.6) related to the manuscript entitled "Changes in Mean Seasonal Carbon Cycle Due to Climate Change" by Morichetti M. and Collalti A. 2024</p>
Spotlight Project Data - How people of colour experience and engage with climate change in Britain
<div> <div> <div> <div> <p>This repository contains data from a survey which was designed by Charles Ogunbode and Jeremy Kidwell to capture climate change-related experiences, perceptions, emotions, actions and policy preferences among UK people of colour. We are grateful for input on instrument design and analysis by Nick Anim, Dr Amiera Sawas and Serayna Solanki as well as from the project steering group: Zarina Ahmad (University of Manchester), Sara Jane Nii-Adjei (Christian Aid), Meena Rajput (Greenpeace), Reuben Fakoya-Brooks (REED Ecological Network/British Ecological Society) and Dr Neema Begum (University of Nottingham).</p> <p>Respondents included ethnic minority UK residents aged 18 years or over (N = 1,008) and the sample was gathered in March 2022 by Qualtrics Research Services. The instrument was pre-tested with a smaller number of respondents (N = 180) on 25 Feb 2022.</p> <p>The data is provided in plain-text tab-separated values format (.tsv) as well as in SPSS .sav file format. The latter is recommended for analysis, and there is an associated code repository (linked below) which contains R code used to load and analyse this data (using the haven() SPSS library). We have also included the original instrument used to collect survey data in qualtrics .qsf format and docx format. Please note: some data columns have been redacted and are not included in this data release.</p> <p>The research was funded by a Research England QR-PSF award made through the University of Birmingham.</p> <p>We very much hope that by making this data as widely available as possible, other colleagues may find opportunities to expand on this research. Towards that end, we have also made available (a) <a href="https://zenodo.org/records/11130504">an open-access plain language report </a>analysing this data, (b) <a href="https://github.com/climate-experiences/spotlight-report">all of the R code written to produce the analysis in our report</a> which others may freely use and appropriate and (c) an open access online textbook which introduces the R programming language to researchers who may not have existing data science expereince. <a href="https://kidwellj.github.io/hacking_religion_textbook/chapter_2.html">Chapter two of that textbook</a> makes explicit (and more basic) use of this dataset with specific examples and explanations of how to build the code.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div>
Data from: Small but connected islands can maintain populations and genetic diversity under climate change
<p>In response to the striking effects of environmental change, conservation strategies often include the identification of conservation areas that can effectively maintain vulnerable species. Consequently, identifying system-specific conditions that maintain the demographic and genetic viability of species of conservation concern is essential. Connectivity plays a critical role in the persistence of populations. Islands have been model systems to understand connectivity and metapopulation processes and have emerged as particularly favorable targets for conservation. While islands can be isolated from mainland disturbances, it is unknown what degree of isolation is necessary to avoid unfavorable changes but remain sufficiently connected to maintain population viability. To test this question, we explored connectivity within the Apostle Islands, an archipelago of 22 islands within Lake Superior, by comparing historical and contemporary trends in ice bridge connectivity and by simulating the effect of reduced connectivity within this system. We developed a demographically informed individual-based model to explicitly test the role of connectivity to influence the persistence and genetic diversity of American marten (<em>Martes americana</em>), a forest carnivore at risk across its southern range boundary. We found that genetic diversity was resilient to moderate changes in ice cover, but a complete loss of connectivity resulted in rapid genetic erosion. Despite genetic erosion, populations persisted as long as nominal connectivity occurred between islands. Our work suggests that connectivity will decline, but martens would be resilient to moderate changes, and, in the short term, the Apostle Islands can act as a refuge along this species' southern range boundary. Identifying thresholds in connectivity that maintain populations but allow for isolation from disturbance will be necessary to identify suitable areas for species conservation across space and time.</p>
Dataset for: Abrupt changes in algal biomass of thousands of US lakes are related to climate and are more likely in low-disturbance watersheds
<p><span>These datasets include both the raw data and the model results from a project exploring causal relationships between climate and lake productivity of a diverse set of 24,452 US lakes over 34 years (1984-2008). <span>Climate change is expected to increase lake productivity and algal blooms and cause regime shifts, particularly in human-impacted ecosystems. First we assessed the potential for</span> nonlinear dynamics in summer median lake chlorophyll (CHL; derived from remote sensing) to demonstrate the potential for regime shifts in these lakes; second, we modeled the causal effects of climate on lake CHL over the 34 years. Climate was causally related to CHL in 34% of lakes; of those, 71% exhibited abrupt shifts, but only 13% had the potential for regime shifts. Climate-influenced lakes had low productivity at environmental extremes and experienced some directional climate change. Our synthesis of 24,452 time series demonstrates that effects of climate on lake productivity depend on recent climate change interacting with human impact and environmental context.</span></p>
Data from: Local adaptation of Pinus leiophylla under climate and land use change models in the Avocado Belt of Michoacán
<p>Climate change and land use change are two main drivers of global biodiversity decline, decreasing the amount of genetic diversity that populations harbor and altering the patterns of local adaptation. Methods in landscape genomics allow measuring the effect of these anthropogenic disturbances on the adaptation of populations. However, both factors have rarely been considered simultaneously. We modeled the spatial turnover in allele frequencies of 19 localities of <em>Pinus leiophylla</em> across the Avocado Belt in Michoacán state, Mexico which could change under climate change and land use change scenarios, in addition to evaluating assisted gene flow strategies and connectivity metrics across the landscape to identify priority conservation areas. We found that localities at the center-east regions would be more vulnerable to climate change, while localities in the west area will be more threatened by actions of land use change. However, assisted gene flow actions could reduce their risk of extinction for both scenarios. Connectivity patterns will also be modified by future habitat loss, with the central and eastern parts having the highest connectivity values. These results show that the areas with the highest priority for conservation are in the eastern zones, which include the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve. This work is useful as a framework that incorporates distinct layers of information to provide a robust representation of the response of populations to future anthropogenic disturbances.</p>
Data from: Data for habitat quality or quantity? Niche marginality across 21 plants and animals suggests differential responses between highland and lowland species to past climatic changes
<p>Climatic changes can affect species distributions, population abundance, and evolution. Such organismal responses could be determined by the amount and quality of available habitats, which can vary independently. In this study, we assessed changes in habitat quantity and quality independently to generate explicit predictions of the species' responses to climatic changes between Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and present day. We built ecological niche models and distribution models for 21 reptile, mammal, and plant taxa from the Baja California peninsula inhabiting lowland or highland environments. Geological data suggests the CCSM global circulation model is a better representation of LGM climate for the Baja California peninsula. Significant niche divergence was detected for all clades within species, along with significant differences in the niche breadth and area of distribution between northern and southern clades. Most clades showed a reduction in distribution area towards LGM. Further, niche marginality (used as a measure of habitat quality) was higher during LGM for most clades, except for northern highland species. Our results suggest that changes in habitat quantity and quality can affect organismal response independently. This allows the prediction of genomic signatures associated with changes in effective population size and selection pressure that could be explicitly tested to support our models.</p>
Fig. 1 in Climate change and the fate of endemic Beyşehir Frog, Pelophylax caralitanus
Fig. 1. Turkish Lake District and species presence data.
Climate change mitigation potential of widespread cover crop adoption in U.S.
<p>This geospatial dataset represents climate change mitigation benefits from widespread cover crop adoption on U.S. cropland. We simulated changes in soil organic carbon stocks and nitrous oxide fluxes over a 20-year period for baseline cover crop adoption rates (derived from historical adoption rates) and a high cover crop adoption (80%) scenario in the continental U.S. Data were generated using the DayCent ecosystem model driven by cropping histories in the USDA National Resources Inventory (NRI) and associated agricultural management data. Here we present the mean and standard deviation of annual soil organic carbon stock changes and nitrous oxide fluxes for both baseline and high cover crop adoption scenarios on a county level.</p>
Data from: Too much of a good thing? Supplementing current species observations with fossil data to assess climate change vulnerability via ecological niche models
<p>Ecological niche models (ENMs) are a powerful tool in ecological research and conservation planning. Since ENMs provide probability maps of suitable areas under environmental change, they may assist in designing conservation actions and addressing conservation priorities. However, ENMs are usually implemented by learning the species climatic preferences from their current geographic distribution, which leaves them vulnerable to the issue of niche truncation issues, as if comes with non-climatic limits to the current species distribution posed by e.g. anthropic activities and settlements, and is bound to assume that species are at equilibrium with their environments. These problems might be alleviated by the inclusion of fossil occurrences, which refer to moments during species evolution when such limits were absent, and a larger fraction of the species fundamental niche was probably explored. Here, we combined current and fossil occurrence data for 38 medium-large mammal species of conservation concern to assess the influence of the fossil record on ENM predictions under future climate change scenarios. We found that ignoring or including fossil data yields consistent trends in terms of predicted range increase/decrease. Yet, although adding fossil data invariably results in increased niche width, estimates of range change magnitude improved for just one half only of the species. These results suggest that most species might be in non-equilibrium with their environment, and that the inclusion of fossil data may be crucial to the better understanding of species climatic requirements, hence for designing effective conservation strategies. </p>
Figure 3 in Forest yield prediction under different climate change scenarios using data intelligent models in Pakistan
Figure 3. Location map of the study area.
Climate change vulnerability of Arctic char across Scandinavia
<p>Data and code for the paper "Climate change vulnerability of Arctic char across Scandinavia" by Muhlfeld et al. (2024) accepted in the journal <em>Global Change Biology</em>. This an extensive fish community and environmental dataset for 1,762 lakes sampled across Scandinavia (mid-1990s) that were used to model the climate vulnerability of Arctic char (<em>Salvelinus alpinus</em>) under baseline (1990s) and future climate warming scenarios (2050s and 2080s). </p>
Data from: Local climate change velocities and evolutionary history explain multidirectional range shifts in a North American butterfly assemblage
<p>Species are often expected to shift their distributions either poleward or upslope to evade warming climates and colonize new suitable climatic niches. However, from 18 years of fixed transect monitoring data on 88 species of butterfly in the midwestern United States, we show that butterflies are shifting their centroids in all directions, except towards the region that is warming the fastest (southeast). Butterflies shifted their centroids at a mean rate of 4.87 km yr-1. The rate of centroid shift was significantly associated with local climate change velocity (temperature by precipitation interaction), but not with mean climate change velocity throughout the species' ranges. Species tended to shift their centroids at a faster rate towards regions that are warming at slower velocities but increasing in precipitation velocity. Surprisingly, species' thermal niche breadth (range of climates butterflies experience throughout their distribution) and wingspan (often used as a metric for dispersal capability) were not correlated with the rate at which species shifted their ranges. We observed a high phylogenetic signal in the direction species shifted their centroids. However, we found no phylogenetic signal in the rate species shifted their centroids, suggesting less conserved processes determine the rate of range shift than the direction species shift their ranges. This research shows important signatures of multidirectional range shifts (latitudinal and longitudinal) and uniquely shows that local climate change velocities are more important in driving range shifts than the mean climate change velocity throughout a species' entire range.</p>
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.