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FIGURE 5. Caloptilia stigmatella type. 5 in A non-destructive virtual dissection by micro-CT reveals diagnostic characters in the type specimen of Caloptilia stigmatella (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae)

FIGURE 5. Caloptilia stigmatella type. 5. Visualisations of left fore and hindwings of C. stigmatella holotype.

FIGURE 4 in A non-destructive virtual dissection by micro-CT reveals diagnostic characters in the type specimen of Caloptilia stigmatella (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae)

FIGURE 4. Caloptilia stigmatella type. Initial scan of C. stigmatella holotype wings targeted above the pin.

FIGURE 2. Original material. 2 in A non-destructive virtual dissection by micro-CT reveals diagnostic characters in the type specimen of Caloptilia stigmatella (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae)

FIGURE 2. Original material. 2. Type specimen of Tinea stigmatella (Fabricius, 1781) GLAHM:137070 kept at the Hunterian, University of Glasgow. The handwritten number 34 on the label matches the number in original description by Fabricius.

FIGURE 1 in A non-destructive virtual dissection by micro-CT reveals diagnostic characters in the type specimen of Caloptilia stigmatella (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae)

FIGURE 1. Original material. The original description of Tinea stigmatella by Fabricius (1781). The description is under the number 34.

FIGURE 3. Caloptilia stigmatella type. Fabrician type C in A non-destructive virtual dissection by micro-CT reveals diagnostic characters in the type specimen of Caloptilia stigmatella (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae)

FIGURE 3. Caloptilia stigmatella type. Fabrician type C. stigmatella secured in position with dental wax ready for scanning.

FIGURE 2 in A new species of Alopoglossus lizard (Squamata, Alopoglossidae) from the Southern Guiana Shield, northeastern Amazonia, with remarks on diagnostic characters to the genus

FIGURE 2. Dorsal (A), ventral (B), and lateral (C) views of the head and neck of the holotype of Alopoglossus meloi sp. nov. (MPEG 24372). Bar represents 10 mm.

FIGURE 5 in A new species of Alopoglossus lizard (Squamata, Alopoglossidae) from the Southern Guiana Shield, northeastern Amazonia, with remarks on diagnostic characters to the genus

FIGURE 5. Distributional records of the examined species of Alopoglossus angulatus and A. meloi. Symbols with a central dot refer to type-localities. Green: Amazonia; dotted line: limits of the Guiana Shield based on Hammond (2005: 38, Fig. 2.8) and Kok et al. (2006: 56, Fig. 9).

FIGURE 1 in A new species of Alopoglossus lizard (Squamata, Alopoglossidae) from the Southern Guiana Shield, northeastern Amazonia, with remarks on diagnostic characters to the genus

FIGURE 1. Dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views of the holotype of Alopoglossus meloi sp. nov. (MPEG 24372). Bar represents 10 mm.

FIGURE 4 in A new species of Alopoglossus lizard (Squamata, Alopoglossidae) from the Southern Guiana Shield, northeastern Amazonia, with remarks on diagnostic characters to the genus

FIGURE 4. Living specimens of Alopoglossus meloi: (A) CZPB-RP 0027, from São José do Jatobá Village, São Sebastião do Uatumã (1°55'53"S, 58°15'21"W), State of Amazonas, Brazil─photo Sérgio Marques Souza; (B) MHNCI 13588, from Saracá- Taquera National Forest, Oriximiná (1°44'11"S, 56°24'36"W), State of Pará, Brazil─photo Sérgio Augusto Abrahão Morato.

FIGURE 3 in A new species of Alopoglossus lizard (Squamata, Alopoglossidae) from the Southern Guiana Shield, northeastern Amazonia, with remarks on diagnostic characters to the genus

FIGURE 3. Ventral view of the head of the holotype of Alopoglossus meloi sp. nov. (A) (MPEG 24372) and the neotype of Alopoglossus angulatus (B) (RMNH 15200), showing differences in number and shape of the chin shields.

FIGURE 6 in A new species of Alopoglossus lizard (Squamata, Alopoglossidae) from the Southern Guiana Shield, northeastern Amazonia, with remarks on diagnostic characters to the genus

FIGURE 6. Vectorized drawings created based on figures from Ávila-Pires (1995) and Kohler et al. (2012), and on a specimen photograph from Torres-Carvajal & Lobos (2014), showing the use of different names in literature for a same scale character. (A) Alopoglossus viridiceps: enlarged scales (Torres-Carvajal & Lobos 2014: 114); (B) Loxopholis snethlageae: fourth pair of chinshields (Ávila-Pires 1995: 412); (C) Alopoglossus buckleyi: pregulars (Ávila-Pires 1995: 321); (D) Loxopholis percarinatum: fourth pair of chin shields (Ávila-Pires 1995: 404); (E) Alopoglossus copii: tiny scales (Kohler et al. 2012: 183). For a standardization of the nomenclature of scale characters, as suggested here: red, fourth pair of chin shields; blue, pregular scales.

Fig. 9 Diagnostic and putative RDF fragments. a DIP-V-16113 in Ornamental feathers in Cretaceous Burmese amber: resolving the enigma of rachis-dominated feather structure

Fig. 9 Diagnostic and putative RDF fragments. a DIP-V-16113 overview and close-up of the tip of the feather (inset); b DIP-V-17232 overview with prominent rachidial ridge and deep C-shaped rachis; c DIP-V-15130 overview; d DIP-V-15137 overview; e DIP-V-15141 overview; f DIP-V-15142 overview; g DIP-V-15159 overview; h DIP-V-16178 overview, arrowheads mark lateral margins of rachis at both ends. Scale bars = 2 mm in (a and h); 1 mm in (b); 5 mm in (c–g)

Fig. 8 Diagnostic RDF fragments. a DIP-V-15125 in Ornamental feathers in Cretaceous Burmese amber: resolving the enigma of rachis-dominated feather structure

Fig. 8 Diagnostic RDF fragments. a DIP-V-15125 overview, arrowhead marks twist in rachis; b details of barbs and barbules in DIP-V-15125; c DIP- V-16115 overview; d DIP-V-17121 overview; e detail of DIP-V-17121 rachis and barbs, where they are cross-cut by polished surface of amber (left margin of d), arrow indicates rachidial ridge; f DIP-V-17138 overview; g DIP-V-17127 feather section; h DIP-V-16207 overview. Scale bars = 1 mm in (a); 0.5 mm in (b); 5 mm in (c, d and g); 0.2 mm in (e); 2 mm in (f and h)

FIGURES 118–121 in A Gondwanan concept of Simplimorpha Scoble (sensu lato): a step toward clarity in the generic diagnostics of global Nepticulidae (Lepidoptera)

FIGURES 118–121. Male genitalia of Simplimorpha (Myrtinepticula) kailai Stonis, sp. nov., holotype, genitalia slide AD935 (ZMUC). 118, capsule with phallus removed, ventral view; 119, same, dorsal view; 120, 121, phallus

FIGURES 96–102 in A Gondwanan concept of Simplimorpha Scoble (sensu lato): a step toward clarity in the generic diagnostics of global Nepticulidae (Lepidoptera)

FIGURES 96–102. Male genitalia of Simplimorpha (Myrtinepticula) nielseni Remeikis & Stonis, sp. nov. 96, capsule with phallus removed, holotype, genitalia slide RA620; 97–99, uncus (partially reduced), paratype, slide RA621; 100, phallus, holotype, genitalia slide RA620; 101, 102, same, paratype, genitalia slide RA621 (ZMUC)

FIGURES 88–95 in A Gondwanan concept of Simplimorpha Scoble (sensu lato): a step toward clarity in the generic diagnostics of global Nepticulidae (Lepidoptera)

FIGURES 88–95. Details of morphology of Simplimorpha (Myrtinepticula) nielseni Remeikis & Stonis, sp. nov., slide RA621 (ZMUC). 88, 89, descaled head; 90, fragment of flagellum; 91, 92, hindleg; 93, forewing venation; 94, same, right wing; 95, hindwing venation.

FIGURES 83–86 in A Gondwanan concept of Simplimorpha Scoble (sensu lato): a step toward clarity in the generic diagnostics of global Nepticulidae (Lepidoptera)

FIGURES 83–86. Female genitalia of Simplimorpha (Myrtinepticula) cercaria Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. 83, 84, paratype, genitalia slide AD709; 85, same, genitalia slide AD720; 86, female abdomen apex, cercaria Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov.; 87, same, nielseni Remeikis & Stonis, sp. nov. (ZMUC).

FIGURES 75–78 in A Gondwanan concept of Simplimorpha Scoble (sensu lato): a step toward clarity in the generic diagnostics of global Nepticulidae (Lepidoptera)

FIGURES 75–78. Male genitalia of Simplimorpha (Myrtinepticula) cercaria Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov., holotype, genitalia slide AD707 (ZMUC). 75, 76, capsule with phallus removed; 77, 78, phallus.

FIGURES 65–74 in A Gondwanan concept of Simplimorpha Scoble (sensu lato): a step toward clarity in the generic diagnostics of global Nepticulidae (Lepidoptera)

FIGURES 65–74. Adults of new Simplimorpha (Myrtinepticula) species. 65, S. cercaria Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov., male paratype; 66, same, other male paratype; 67, same, abdomen; 68, S. nielseni Remeikis & Stonis, sp. nov., male paratype, abdomen; 69, same, male holotype; 70, S. kailai Stonis sp. nov, male holotype; 71–74, S. sapphirella Remeikis & Stonis, sp. nov., female holotype (ZMUC)

FIGURES 107, 108 in A Gondwanan concept of Simplimorpha Scoble (sensu lato): a step toward clarity in the generic diagnostics of global Nepticulidae (Lepidoptera)

FIGURES 107, 108. Female genitalia of Simplimorpha (Myrtinepticula) nielseni Remeikis & Stonis, sp. nov. 107, general view, paratype, slide RA619; 108, same, apophyses and coils of ductus spermathecae (ZMUC)